CRASH COURSE FOR JEE-2022

AOD-1
Most important Concepts

BY : ARVIND SUTHAR
APPLICATION OF DERIVATIVES
DERIVATIVE AS A RATE MEASURE
DERIVATIVE AS A RATE MEASURE

Δy
The ratio is average rate of change of
Δx
‘y’ with respect to ‘x’
where Δx represents change in ‘x’
& Δy represents change in ‘y’
Now, if we apply the limit Δx → 0
lim Δy dy
Δx → 0 =
Δx dx
dy
represents
dx x0
instantaneous. rate of change of ‘y’
w.r.t. x, at x = x0
Q. The volume of a spherical balloon
is increasing at the rate of 40 cubic
centimetre per minute. The rate of
change of the surface of the balloon
at the instant when its radius is 8
centimetre, is

D
Q. A man 2m high, walks at a
uniform speed of 6m/min, away
from lamp post, 5m high. Find rate
at which length of its shadow
changes.

A 3m/min

B 4m/min

C 5m/min

D 6m/min
Q. An aeroplane is flying
horizontally at a height of kms
with a velocity 15 km/hr. Find rate at
which it is moving away from a
point on the ground it passed two
minutes ago.
ERRORS AND APPROXIMATIONS

● Approximation is, knowing the value of a

function at one point and using it to decide
the value of the function at another point.

● E.g. We know the value of f(2) And we

approximate the value of f(2.001)

● Error: If error in x is Δx, and y is a function

of x, what will be the error in y ?
Results
Δy dy
We know, if Δx → 0, then the quantity =
Δx dx
However, if Δx is small, then Δy dy f(a + h) – f(a)
≈ f ′ (a) =
Δx dx h
dy
1) Δy ≈ ×Δx
dx Smaller the magnitude of Δx , better is the
approximation

2) f(a + h) = f(a) + h.f ′(a)

It is used to find f(a + h);
knowing f(a) and f ′(a)
Q. Find approximate value of (1.999)6
Q. Find approximate value of (33) .
1/5
Q. Find approximate value of metal,
in a hollow spherical shell, whose
internal and external radii are 3 and
3.005cm.

3
Some definitions
If Absolute Error in x = Δx

Δx
Relative Error in x =
x

Δx
Percentage Error in x = x × 100
THANK YOU