SASOL Technology (Pty) Ltd

I DESIGN GUIDE I NUMSER CONTENTS

l
I DATE May 1987 1
PROCESS DESIGN GUIDE
REVISION A 1

CONTENTS

The following is a listing of all the sections contained in this Design Guide:

VOLUME 1

bSECTiON A INTRODUCTION
SECTlON B GENERAL
SECTION C PROCESS ENGINEERING AND DESIGN PROCEDURES
SECTION D FLOW DIAGRAMS
SECTION E PLOT PLAN
SECTION F INSTRUMENTATION & CONTROL SYSTEMS
SECTION G UTILITIES
SECTION H FIRE PROTECTION 81 LOSS CONTROL

VOLUME 2a

SECTION I ECONOMIC EVALUATIONS 0

SECTION J COMPUTER SORWARE

SECTION K HYDRAULICSIPIPING
1

VOLUME 2b
LSECTION L PUMPS
SECTION M COMPRESSORS
SECTION N DRIVERS

VOLUME 3

SECTION 0 VESSELS AND FRACTIONATION COLUMNS

SECTION P RELIEF VALVES AND FLARE SYSTEMS

VOLUME 4

SECTlON Q TANKAGE
SECTION R MATERIALS OF CONSTRUCTION
SECTION S SPECIALIW PROCESS EQUIPMENT
SECTION T HEAT EXCHANGERS
SECTION U FIRED HEATERS
SECTION V SOLIDS HANDLING

NOTE: A Refers to 1995 updating which resulted mainly from the Sastech Process
Design Course
CpS.152.4l .rnO.mbl13
SASOL Technology (Pty) Ltd a SASTPCH

DESIGN GUIDE I NUMBER SECTION B 1

PROCESS DESIGN GUIDE DATE January 1989
VOLUME 1
REVISION 1

SECTION B

GENERAL

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PAGE
1 PROCESS ENGINEERS RESPONSIBILITIES AND DUTIES 1
1.1 RESPONSIBILITIES 1
1.2 GENERAL DUTIES 2

SASOL SECUNDA SPECIFICATIONS 4

METEOROLOGICAL DESIGN DATA 13

3.1 TEMPERATURE 13
3 . 2 PRESSURE 14
3 . 3 SITE METEOROLOGICAL DESIGN DATA 14

4 ENVIRONMENTAL DESIGN 17
4.1 GENERAL DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS 17
4.2 ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS 17
4.3 MEASUREMENT AND RATING OF NOISE 22

5 METRICATION 22 .
5.1 SCOPE AND APPLICATION 22
5 . 2 BASIC UNITS OF MEASUREMENT 22
5.3 EXCEPTIONS 23
5 . 4 CONVERSION FACTORS AND SYMBOLS 23
5.5 PREFERRED PREFIXES 23
5.6 CONVERSION FACTORS - IMPERIAL TO SI (METRIC) UNITS 24

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c

~ ~ _ _ _
DESIGN GUIDE NUMBER SECTION B

PROCESS DESIGN GUIDE DATE January 1989

VOLUME 1
REVISION 1

SECTION B

GENERAL

In general, the work of a Process Engineer on a study or a capital

project can be separated into two categories:

a. Producing engineering documents

b. Providing consultation.

The documents consist of flow diagrams, data sheets, operating

manuals, etc. The documents generally serve the purpose of
communicating engineering results to the other engineering disci-
plines so that they can continue with further engineering design,
purchase items, and/or perform a task. The consultation aspect
commonly takes the form of conducting an evaluation, reporting
results or providing technical expertise to others.

The responsibilities and duties of the Process Engineer involved

on a project are itemized in the following paragraphs. Inherent
with the responsibilities is the authority to make decisions,
approve, disapprove o r otherwise influence the engineering design
to fulfill these responsibilities.

The list of duties is a broad spectrum of general activities which

a Process Engineer might be expected to perform on a project. The
Process Engineer shall assess each project to determine which
activities are required to fulfill the Process responsibilities on
the project. A consultant or outside contractor may perform some
of these duties on behalf of the Process Engineer o r in developing
a Process Design package.

1.1 RESPONSIBILITIES

The main responsibilities of a Process Engineer in performing his

duties are:

a. Develop and maintain control of the process work schedule and

process budget for the project.

b. Maintain overall supervision and execution of the process design

for the project.

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PROCESS DESIGN GUIDE

c. Assure the quality and process integrity of the overall design.

1.2 GENERAL DUTIES

A listing of the general duties performed by the Process Engineer

during the course of a project is provided in the following
paragraphs. The duties are listed in approximately the same
sequence in which they are performed. A more detailed description
of Process duties during each project phase is described in the
Engineering Design Procedure Manual (EDPM), SDC-07, Section 4 and
in the Process Design Guide, Volume-1, Section C "Process Engineer-
ing and Design Procedures".

a. Attend Request for Engineering Service (RES) prescreening

meeting to identify problem definition and justification.

b. Define problem and evaluate alternative solutions.

C. Prepare discipline milestone schedule and capital funds

information for work up to Engineering Request Issue. Provide
input for subsequent schedules and budgets.

d. Establish Process engineering files for the project.

e. Develop Process flow diagrams.

f. Prepare mass, energy and utility balances.

g. Perform optimisation studies and select best option.

h. Develop Process Description.

i. Develop Plant Modification Diagram (PMD) or Mechanical Flow

Diagram (MFD) for the project.

j. Prepare/issue Conceptual Proposal including budget cost data

from vendors via Commercial Department, and conduct Feasibility
Study presentation with the Client.

k. Develop Process design b a s i s , performance specifications, and

proprietary information basis for all licensor and/or engineer-
ing contractor-provided facilities.

1. Prepare documents and apply for necessary regulatory permits.

rn. Develop Process duty and performance specifications and Process

data sheets for all equipment.

n. Develop, with Control Systems Engineer, Process control methods.

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0. Prepare/issue Process Proposal and conduct Operability Study

with the Client.

p. Prepare Process data for instruments and relief valves.

q. Determine line sizes and prepare line lists, giving operating

and piping design conditions.

r. Prepare Engineering Request Package.

s. Participate in development of plot plan.

t. Assist in defining electrical area c1assification.drawings.

U. Conduct PMD (or MFD) reviews and attend Hazop study.

v. Refine Process package as required.

w. Check line sizes of critical services, using detail pipe routing

information (piping isometrics, etc.).

x. Prepare/issue Process release package.

y. Finalize equipment list including tag numbers

z. Provide Process support to engineering disciplines.

aa. Participate in technical bid evaluations.

bb. Check and approve vendor documents.

c c . Update PMD (or MFD) to agree with vendor equipment drawings and
data.

dd. Prepare catalyst and chemical summaries.

ee. Prepare Operating Manual.

ff. Provide field support.

gg. Participate in plant checkout.

hh. Participate in operator training.

ii. Participate in start-up.

jj. Organise and participate in test run(s).

kk. Prepare test run aspects of final acceptance report

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11. Compile and store Process files.

mm. Back-check and initial updated "As-Built"MFD's.

This Design Guide provides design guidelines, but does not provide
the detailed information available in the mechanical, instrumenta-
tion and piping narrative specifications. The metallurgy and
economic sections offer general guidelines and cannot serve as a
substitute for judgement in specific applications. The narrative
specifications established for SASOL Two and SASOL Three are to be
used in conjunction with this Design Guide. The Process Design
Criteria Document should also be used. All information from the
Process Design Criteria has been incorporated into this Design
Guide. The Design Criteria paragraphs of the respective sections
of the Design Guide have, in addition, been supplemented with
generally accepted design criteria from the hydrocarbon industry.

The SASOL Secunda Specifications are extremely useful to the Process

Engineer regarding many design details. The specifications are
grouped in subject categories by using two digit numbers. For
example, the 3 x series of specifications concern Building Design
while the 4 x series of specifications deal with all Mechanical
equipment.

Refer to Table 2(a) and 2(b) for a summary of the specification

categories and a complete index of SASOL Secunda Specifications.

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SECTION 5
January 1989
Revision 1
PROCESS DESIGN GUIDE

Copies of the ailable from the Standards

Department o r . These specifications are
regularly updated, therefore the specification numbers and titles
in the index presented here are subjected to changes.

SASOL SECUNDA SPECIFICATIONS

NUMBER SERIES
~ ~~~~
SUBJECT CATEGORIES
~
I
00 Civil Design
10 Structural
20 Structural Steel
30 Buildings
40 Equipment - General
41 Storage Tanks
42 Tanks and Pressure Vessels
43 Pumps, Compressors, Turbines
44 Exchangers
45 Fired Heaters
46 Pumps
47 Mechanical Assemblies
48 Scales, Cranes, Fire Systems
49 Fork Lifts, Locomotives
50 Piping, Gauges, Traps, Orifices,
Re1ief Valves
60 Electrical
70 Control Systems
80 Insulation and Painting
90 Welding, Metrication, Materials,
Sewer Design, Meteorological
~~ ~~

TABLE 2 ( a ) - SPECIFICATION CATEGORIES

INDEX OF SASOL SECUNDA SPECIFICATIONS

SP-00-1 CIVIL AND STRUCTURAL DESIGN SPECIFICATION LOADS AND FORCES

SP-4560-00-2 F I REPROOF I NG
SP-00-4 CIVIL AND STRUCTURAL DESIGN SPECIFICATION FOR ROADS, PARKING AND LOADING AREAS

- -
SP 00 5 TEMPORARY UORKS AND DEMOLITION
SP-00-6 GENERAL EARTHWORKS, EXCAVATION AND BACKFILL
SP-00-7 ROAD EARTHWORKS

SP-00-8 ROAD SURFACING, KERBS AND SUNDRIES .

SP - 00-9 PIPELINE EARTHWORKS

SP-00- 1OA CAST-IN-SITU BORED PILES

TABLE 2(b) - INDEX OF SPECIFICATIONS

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INDEX OF SASOL SECUNDA SPECIFICATIONS

SP-00-31 INSTALLATION AND CONSTRUCTION OF UNDERGROUND P I P E L I N E S , SEUERS, DRAINS AND BOX

CULVERTS

SP-00-15 DESIGN S P E C I F I C A T I O N FOR PRIVATE RAILWAY S I D I N G S

SP- 00- 16 EARTHWORKS FOR PRIVATE RAILUAY S I D I N G S

S P - 0 0 - 17 TRACKWORK FOR PRIVATE RAILWAY S I D I N G S

SP-10-1 CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION

SP-10-2 C I V I L AND STRUCTURAL DESIGN S P E C I F I C A T I O N CONCRETE DESIGN

SP-10-4 SPRAYED CONCRETE

SP-10-5 GROUT

SP-20-1 STRUCTURAL STEEL FABRICATION AND ERECTION

SP-20-2 FENCING

SP-20-3 C I V I L AND STRUCTURAL DESIGN S P E C I F I C A T I O N STRUCTURAL STEEL DESIGN

SP-4560-20-4 FABRICATION AND ERECTION S P E C I F I C A T I O N GUYED STEEL FLARE STACKES, 2 5 1 - M E - 1 0 3 A AND B

I

SP-30-2 DESIGN S P E C I F I C A T I O N FOR B U I L D I N G S

SP-30-2A ARCHITECTURAL AND STRUCTURAL DESIGN C R I T E R I A FOR BLAST RESISTANT CONTROL B U I L D I N G S

SP-30-3 CONSTRUCTION S P E C I F I C A T I O N FOR B U l L D I N G S

SP-40-1 NOISE L I M I T S AND DESIGN C R I T E R I A FOR EQUIPMENT, PROCESS U N I T S AND PLANT F A C I L I T I E S

+SP-40-2
SP-40-6)

-
SP 40- 3 SPARE PARTS REQUIREMENTS

SP-40-4 LUBRICATION REQUIREMENTS

SP-40-5 MANDATORY DESIGN, INSPECTION AND C E R T I F I C A T I O N OF PRESSURE APPARATUS

SP-40- 7 SAFEGUARDING OF MACHINERY .

SP-41-1 F I E L D ERECTED WELDED STEEL STORAGE TANKS

SP-41-3 PURCHASE S P E C I F I C A T I O N FOR LOW PRESSURE STORAGE TANKS

SP-42-1A DESIGN B A S I S FOR PRESSURE VESSELS

SP- 42- 1B )ESIGN B A S I S FOR TANKS

SP-42- 2 ?RESSURE VESSELS - GENERAL

I
S P - 4 2 - 2A PRESSURE VESSELS - SUPPLEMENT FOR CARBON AND LOU ALLOY STEEL

SP-42-2c PRESSURE VESSELS - SUPPLEMENT FOR A U S T E N I T I C AN0 HIGH LLOY STEELS

SP- 42- 2 E ?RESSURE VESSELS - SUPPLEMENT FOR ALLOY CLAD AN0 ALLOY L I N E D STEEL

S P - 4 2 - 2G DRESSURE VESSELS - SUPPLEMENT FOR VESSELS ASSEMBLED AT JOBSITE BY THE CONTRACTOR

SP-42-4 VESSEL TRAYS - GENERAL

3P-4560-42-5 INSULATION AND REFRACTORY L I N I N G OF VESSELS

TABLE 2(b) - INDEX OF SPECIFICATIONS/continued

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INDEX OF SASOL SECUNDA SPECIFICATIONS

SP-42-6 SHOP ASSEMBLED WELDED STEEL STORAGE TANKS

SP-43-1 GENERAL S P E C I F I C A T I O N FOR PROCESS CENTRIFUGAL COMPRESSORS

SP-4560-43-2 GENERAL S P E C I F I C A T I O N FOR SPECIAL PURPOSE LUBE AND SEAL O I L SYSTEMS

SP-4560-43-3 SPECIAL PURPOSE STEAM TURBINES

SP-4560-43-4 GENERAL S P E C I F I C A T I O N FOR PROCESS RECIPROCATING COMPRESSORS 300 kW (400 HP) AND ABOVE
SP-4560-43-5 GENERAL S P E C I F I C A T I O N FOR PROCESS RECIPROCATING CoMbRESSORS BELOW 300 kW (400 HP)

SP- 43- 6 PULSATION SUPPRESSION DEVICES FOR RECIPROCATING COMPRESSORS

SP-43-7 SPECIAL PURPOSE GEARS

SP-4560-43-8 GENERAL S P E C I F I C A T I O N FOR A X I A L A I R COMPRESSORS

SP-4560-43-9 PACKAGED HIGH SPEED CENTRIFUGAL PLANT AND INSTRUMENT A I R COMPRESSORS

SP-4560-43-10 CENTRIFUGAL FANS

SP-4560-43-11 LOW PRESSURE MULTISTAGE A I R BLOWER

SP-43-100 SPECIAL REQUIREMENTS FOR A L L ROTATING EQUIPMENT OTHER THAN PUMPS

SP-43- 101 DYNAMIC ANALYSIS OF ROTATING EQUIPMENT

SP-44-1 SHELL AND TUBE HEAT EXCHANGERS

SP-44- 2 AIR-COOLED HEAT EXCHANGERS

-
SP- 44 3 DOUBLE P I P E AND MULTITUBE HEAT EXCHANGERS

SP-4560-44-4 WATER COOLED STEAM SURFACE CONDENSERS

SP-44-5 MECHANICAL DRAFT COOLING TOWERS

SP-4728-44-6 EXCHANGERS WITH DESIGN PRESSURE OVER 14 000 k P a

SP-44-100 EXCHANGER DESIGN C R I T E R I A

SP-4560-45-1 F I R E D HEATERS

SP-46-1 A P I 610 PUMPS FOR GENERAL REFINERY SERVICES

SP-46-2 CENTRIFUGAL PUMPS FOR GENERAL SERVICES

-
SP 46- 3 HORIZONTAL END SUCTION CENTRIFUGAL PUMPS FOR CHEMICAL PROCESS

SP-46-4 METERING PUMPS

SP- 46- 5 CENTRIFUGAL SUMP PUMPS

SP-4560-46-6 POWER FRAME RECIPROCATING PUMPS

SP-4560-46-7 DIRECT ACTING RECIPROCATING PUMPS

SP-4560-46-8 ROTARY PUMPS

SP-4560-46-9 I N - L I N E PUMPS FOR CHEMICAL PROCESS SERV CE

SP-46- 10 GENERAL PURPOSE STEAM TURBINES

TABLE 2(b) - INDEX OF SPECIFICATIONS/continued

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INDEX OF SASOL SECUNDA SPECIFICATIONS

S P - 4 6 - 11 INDUCTION AND SYNCHRONWS MOTORS

(+SP-46-12)

SP-46-13 D I E S E L ENGINES

SP-4560-46-14 GEAR SPEED CHANGERS

SP-4560-46-15 PULSATION DAMPENERS FOR RECIPROCATING PUMPS

SP-4560-46-19 CENTRIFUGAL PUMPS FOR CRYOGENIC SERVICE

SP-4560-46-21 L I N E SHAFT VERTICAL TURBINE PUMPS

SP-46-52 GENERAL S P E C I F I C A T I O N FOR CENTRIFUGAL ASH SLURRY PUMPS

SP-46-100 STANDARD REQUIREMENTS FOR A L L PUMPS, DRIVERS AND A U X I L I A R Y EQUIPMENT

SP-46-101 QUOTATION REQUIREMENTS FOR PUMPS, DRIVERS AND A U X I L I A R Y EQUIPMENT

SP-4560-47-5 PACKAGE L I Q U I D CHILLERS FOR A I R CONDITIONING OF G A S I F I C A T I O N CONTROL ROOMS

SP- 47- 6 ELEVATED FLARE T I P ASSEMBLIES

SP-456004-47- 7 STEAM EJECTOR VACUUM SYSTEM

-
SP 47- 9 LOADING ARM ASSEMBLIES

SP-4560-48-1 ELECTROSTATIC PRECIPITATORS FOR COAL FIRED BOILERS

SP-4560-48-2 MOTOR TRUCKSCALES

SP-4560-48-3 RAILROAD TRACK SCALE

-
SP 48- 4 EQUIPMENT HANDLING F A C I L I T I E S

SP- 4560-48- 5 RAILCAR SHUNTING SYSTEMS

SP-4560-48-6 AUTOMOTIVE L I F T

S P - 4 5 6 0 - 48-7 BCF F I R E EXTINGUISHING SYSTEMS FOR FLOATING ROOF TANKS

S P - 4 8 - 11 PNEUMATIC CONVEYING SYSTEMS

S P - 4 8 - 12 CONVEYOR BELT IDLERS

SP-48-13 CONVEYOR BELT PULLEYS

SP-48-38 TECHNICAL S P E C I F I C A T I O N FOR BELT CONVEYORS

SP-4560-49- 1 ASHLOCK HANDLING FORK-LIFT TRUCKS

SP-49-5 O I L CLEANING CENTRIFUGES

SP-456004-49-6 LOCOMOTIVES

SP-456004-49-7 AERIAL SERVICE PLATFORM

SP-50-1 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR PROCESS PLANT L A Y W T

SP-4560-50-2 GENERAL P I P I N G - PROCESS AND U T I L I T Y FABRICATION

SP-50-3 P I P I N G DESIGN AN0 FABRICATION

SP-50-3A P I P I N G MATERIAL S P E C I F I C A T I O N

TABLE 2 ( b ) - INDEX OF SPECIFICATIONS/continued

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INDEX O f SASOL SECUNDA S P E C I F I C A T I O N S

SP-50-4 PROTECTIVE STEAM HEATING

SP- 50 - 5 INTERNAL CLEANING AND PROTECTION OF P I P I N G

SP-4560-50-6A ONSITE SHOP APPLIED TAPE WRAPPING OF UNDERGROUND STEEL P I P E 48 INCH DIAMETER AND
SMALLER

SP-4560-50-68 BITUMEN COATING AND WRAPPING OF UNDERGRWND STEEL P I P E LARGER THAN 4 8 INCH DIAMETER
SP-4560-50-6C F I E L D COATING AND WRAPPING OF WELD JOINTS, F I T T I N G S AND REPAIRS OF UNDERGRWND P I P E

SP- 50- 7 DESIGN OF UNDERGROUND GRAVITY SEWERS

SP-50-8 F I R E PROTECTION SYSTEMS

-
SP 50 -9 GENERAL P I P I N G - PROCESS AND U T I L I T Y F I E L D PRESSURE TESTING

SP-50-10 PURCHASE S P E C I F I C A T I O N FOR VALVES

SP-50-106 PURCHASE S P E C I F I C A T I O N - VALVES FOR OXYGEN SERVICE

S P - 5 0 - 1 oc PURCHASE S P E C I F I C A T I O N - CARBON STEEL VALVES FOR -45 'C SERVICE

S P - 5 0 - 1OD PURCHASE S P E C I F I C A T I O N - 3%N I STEEL VALVES FOR -85 'C SERVICE

S P - 5 0 - OE PURCHASE S P E C I F I C A T I O N - A U S T E N I T I C STAINLESS STEEL VALVES FOR - 1 9 5 'C SERVICE

SP-50- OF PURCHASE S P E C I F I C A T I O N FOR VALVES U I T H BONNET R E L I E F

S P - 5 0 - OG PURCHASE S P E C I F I C A T I O N - BUTTERFLY VALVES FOR PROCESS SERVICE

S P - 5 0 - OH WRCHASE S P E C I F I C A T I O N FOR K N I F E GATE VALVES

SP-50- OJ PURCHASE S P E C I F I C A T I O N - ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS FOR WEDGE GATE VALVES LARGER THAN
UPS 24

SP-50-1OK PURCHASE S P E C I F I C A T I O N - ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS FOR CLASS 2500 A U S T E N I T I C STAINLESS

STEEL VALVES

SP-50-11 WRCHASE S P E C I F I C A T I O N FOR P I P E S

SP- 50 12- WRCHASE S P E C I F I C A T I O N FOR P I P E F I T T I N G S

-
S P - 5 0 13 WRCHASE S P E C I F I C A T I O N FOR FLANGES

SP- 50 - 15 WRCHASE S P E C I F I C A T I O N FOR MISCELLANEOUS P I P I N G COMPONENTS

SP-50- 15A WRCHASE S P E C I F I C A T I O N FOR MISCELLANEOUS P I P I N G COMPONENTS - GASKETS

S P - 5 0 - 158 'URCHASE S P E C I F I C A T I O N FOR MISCELLANEOUS P I P I N G COMPONENTS - BOLTING ,

S P - 5 0 - 15c 'URCHASE S P E C I F I C A T I O N FOR M I S C E L L A N E W S P I P I N G COMPONENTS - STRAINERS AND F LTER

SP-50- 15E 'URCHASE S P E C I F I C A T I O N FOR M I S C E L L A N E W S P I P I N G COMPONENTS - SAMPLE COOLERS

SP-50-15F 'URCHASE S P E C I F I C A T I O N FOR MISCELLANEWS P I P I N G COMPONENTS - EXHAUST HEADS

S P - 5 0 - 15G WRCHASE S P E C I F I C A T I O N FOR MISCELLANEOUS P I P I N G COMPONENTS - BLEED RINGS

SP-50- 15H 'URCHASE S P E C I F I C A T I O N FOR MISCELLANEOUS P I P I N G COMPONENTS - SPECTACLE B L I N D S

S P - 5 0 - 15 I 'URCHASE S P E C I F I C A T I O N FOR MISCELLANEOUS P I P I N G COMPONENTS - TUBING AND TUBING

: I T T INGS

SP-50-15J IJRCHASE S P E C I F I C A T I O N FOR MISCELLANEOUS P I P I N G COMPONENTS - GRAVITY SEWER SYSTEMS

TABLE 2(b) - INDEX OF SPECIFICATIONS/continued

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INDEX OF SASOL SECUNDA SPECIFICATIONS

SP-50-15K PURCHASE SPECIFICATION FOR MISCELLANEOUS PIPING COMPONENTS - INSULATING JOINTS

SP-50-17 GENERAL PIPING - MODEL SPECIFICATION
SP-so-24 NON-DESTRUCTIVE EXAMINATION OF VALVE BODIES
SP-50-25 PURCHASE SPECIFICATION FOR PIPE BENDING

SP-50-26 PURCHASE SPECIFICATION FOR PRESSURE RELIEVING DEVICES

SP-50-27 PURCHASE SPECIFICATION FOR GAUGE GLASSES AND ACCESSORIES
SP-50-28 PURCHASE SPECIFICATION FOR TRAPS, DRAINERS AND VENTS
SP-50-29 OVERPRESSURE PROTECTION FOR VESSELS, PIPING AND EQUIPMENT
SP - 50-30 PURCHASE SPECIFICATION FOR CHANGEOVER VALVES
SP-50-31 PURCHASE SPECIFICATION FOR SIGHT FLOW INDICATORS
SP-50-34 PURCHASE SPECIFICATION FOR ELECTRICAL PRECIPITATORS FOR VALVES
SP-50-32 PURCHASE SPECIFICATION FOR RESTRICTION ORIFICES
SP-60- 1 GENERAL ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATION
SP-60-2 GENERAL SPECIFICATION FOR OIL IMMERSED POWER TRANSFORMERS
SP-60-3 GENERAL SPECIFICATION FOR MEDIUM VOLTAGE SWITCHGEAR AND FUSED CONTRACTOR CONTROLLERS
SP-60-4 GENERAL SPECIFICATION FOR LOW VOLTAGE SWITCHGEAR AND MOTOR CONTROL CENTRES
( + SP - 60.-61

SP-4560-60-5 GENERAL SPECIFICATION FOR 6,6 kV MOTOR AND FEEDER CONTROLLERS FUSED-CONTRACTOR TYPE
SP-60-7 GENERAL SPECIFICATION FOR CLASS I DIVISION 2 LIGHTING AND DISTRIBUTION BOARDS
SP-60-8 GENERAL SPECIFICAION FOR STATION BATTERY AN0 BATTERY CHARGER
SP - 60-9 POWER CABLE RATED 6,6 kV AND 1 1 kV
SP-60- 10 POUER AND CONTROL CABLE RATED AT 600/1000 V
SP-60- 13 GENERAL SPECIFICATION FOR UNINTERRUPTIBLE POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS
SP-60-14 GENERAL SPECIFICATION FOR NEUTRAL EARTHING RESISTORS
SP-60-15 GENERAL SPECIFICATION FOR INTRAPLANT COMMUNICATION AND PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEM
SP-60-16 GENERAL SPECIFICATION FOR TELEPHONE SYSTEMS
SP-4560-60-17 GENERAL SPECIFICATION FOR FIRE AND GAS ALARM
SP-60- 18 GENERAL SPECIFICATION FOR CATHODIC PROTECTION
SP-60-19 GENERAL SPECIFICATION FOR HIGH VOLTAGE, S F 6 SWITCHGEAR
SP-60-20 GENERAL SPECIFICATION FOR 33 kV SWITCHGEAR
SP-60-23 GENERAL SPECIFICATION.FOR UHF RADIO COMMUNICATION SYSTEM
SP-4560-60-24 GENERAL SPECIFICATION FOR MASTER TIME SYSTEM
SP-60-25 CROSS-LINKED POLYETHYLENE POWER CABLES RATED 132 kV

TABLE 2 ( b ) - INDEX OF SPECIFICATIONS/continued

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INDEX OF SASOL SECUNDA SPECIFICATIONS

_ _ ~
SP-60- 2 6 INSULATED D I S T R I B U T I O N CONTROL CABLES RATED 2 k V

SP-60-27 CROSS-LINKED POLYETHYLENE POWER CABLES RATED 33 k V

S P - 6 0 - 29 F I R E RETARDANT POWER AND CONTROL CABLE 1000 VOLTS AND BELOW

SP-60-30 GENERAL ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATION FOR B U I L D I N G S

SP-60- 32 GENERAL ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATION FOR ELECTRICAL HEAT TRACING CABLES AND ACCESSORIES

SP-60-33 GENERAL SPEC1 F I C A T I O N FOR COMMUNICATION AND ALARM SYSTEMS

SP-70- 1 DESIGN SPECIFICATION - CONTROL SYSTEMS

(+SP-70-9
SP-70-18)

SP- 70- 2 INSTRUMENT INSTALLATION DESIGN, LAYOUT AND DRAWINGS

SP-70-3 INSTRUMENT INSTALLATION MATERIAL SPECIFICATION

S P - 4 5 6 0 - 70- 4 DESIGN SPECIFICATION FOR INSTRUMENT SUPPLIED WITH MECHANICAL EQUIPMENT

SP-70-5 INSTRUMENT CONSTRUCTION, INSPECTION AND TESTING SPECIFICATION

SP-70-6 CHECK-OUT PROCEDURE FOR PNEUMATIC INSTRUMENT LOOPS

SP- 70- 7 CHECK-OUT PROCEDURE FOR ELECTRONIC INSTRUMENT LOOPS

-
SP 70- 8 MONITORING SYSTEMS FOR ROTATING MACHINERY

SP-4560-70-11 CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIFICATION - STEAM PLANT

SP-4560-70-13 PREPACKED ANALYSER SYSTEMS ABRIDGED VERSION

SP-4560-70-15 TANK GAUGING AND VENTING SYSTEM

-
SP 70 21 - INSTRUMENT UPS D I S T R I B U T I O N

SP-70- 22 INSTRUMENT EARTHING

SP-4560-70-23 PREPACKED ANALYSER SYSTEMS FOR SASOL TWO AND SASOL THREE

SP-70- 24 THERMOCOUPLE EXTENSION WIRE AND CABLE

SP- 70- 2 5 ELECTRONIC INSTRUMENT WIRE AND CABLE

SP-70-26 COAXIAL CABLE

S P - 7 0 - 27 HVAC SYSTEMS FOR ANALYSERS AND CALIBRATION SHELTER

SP-70 2 9- INSPECTION PROCEDURE FOR ON-LINE PROCESS ANALYSERS AT MANUFACTURER'S PLANT .

SP-4560-80-1A INSULATION - HOT SERVICE AND PERSONNEL PROTECTION

SP-4560-80-16 INSULATION - COLD SERVICE (LOW TEMPERATURE)

SP-80-2 PAINTING

SP-90-1 WELDING OF PRESSURE VESSELS AND HEAT EXCHANGERS

SP -90- 2 WELDING - SHOP AND F I E L D FABRICATED P I P I N G

SP-90- 3 WELDING - FIRED HEATERS AND SHOP AND/OR F I E L D

SP-90-4 WELDING - POUER BOILERS

TABLE 2 ( b) - INDEX OF SPECIFICATIONS/continued

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INDEX OF SASOL SECUNDA SPECIFICATIONS

SP-90-5 JELDING - STORAGE TANKS

SP-4560-90- 7 dELDING - HARD SURFACING

SP-90-13 STRUCTURAL WELDING - SHOP AND/OR FIELD

SP-90- 14 STRUCTURAL UELDING OF BAR STEEL I N REINFORCED CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION

SP-90-17 HEAT TREATMENT

SP-4560-90-18 SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR LOW TEMPERATURE SERVICE

SP-90-22 OVERALL REQUIREMENTS FOR UPS, INSTRUMENT CONTROLS AND ALL ASSOCIATED SUPPORT
FACILITIES FOR CONTROL BUILDINGS
-
SP 90-31 METRICATION
SP-90-32 REQUIREMENTS FOR DRAWINGS AND DOCUMENTATION
SP - 90- 32A FLOW DIAGRAMS AND PIPING DRAUINGS
SP -90-325 PLOT PLANS, BUILDINGS, STEEL STRUCTURES, CONCRETE STRUCTURES AND FOUNDATIONS
SP-90-32c PRESSURE EQUIPMENT

SP -90-32D ATMOSPHERIC AND LOW PRESSURE STORAGE TANKS

SP -90-32E FURNACES
SP -90-32F MACHINERY (DRIVERS, CENTRIFUGAL, ROTARY AND RECIPROCATING COMPRESSORS AND PUMPS)
SP -90-32G ELECTRICAL AND INSTRUMENTATION DRAUINGS
SP - 4560- 90- 33 SITE METOROLOGICAL DESIGN DATA
SP-4560-90-34 SASOL I 1 SEWER SYSTEMS PROCESS ENGINEERING SPECIFICATIONS
SP -90-35 MICROFILMS AND MICROFILM APERTURE CARDS
SP-90-36 IMPORT / EXPORT PACKAGING AND SHIPPING

SP-4560-90-37 SASOL I I PLANT RECORDS

SP-4560-90-38 SASOL I I PLANT RECORDS MICROFICHE SYSTEM

SP-110-6 IMPACT TESTING OF MATERIALS FOR LOU TEMPERATURE SERVICE
AP -60-0 1 ANSI DEVICE FUNCTION NUMBERS
AP -60-02 ELECTRICAL DRAW NG N U M ~ E RNG
I SYSTEM AND DEVELOPMENT
AP -60-03 ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT TAG NUMBERING
AP -60-04 ELECTRICAL CABLE IDENTIFICATION
AP -60-05 CABLE SIZING DATA GUIDES
TABLE 2(b> - INDEX OF SPECIFICATIONS/continued

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This Paragraph provides the meteorological design data for the

Secunda site. Additional information is available in Specification
SP-90-3 3 .

3.1

3.1.1' Design Wet Bulb Temperature

Where approach to wet bulb only determines the design. Approach CO

wet bulb temperature equals the difference between temperature CO
which water is actually cooled and the wet bulb temperature.

Ambient design wet bulb temperature: 17 'C.

Corresponding dry bulb temperature : 2 5 'C.

NOTE: Design wet bulb temperature is the wet bulb temperature which
is not exceeded more than 5 % of the time during the three
hottest summer months. The corresponding dry bulb tempera-
ture is the average dry bulb temperature recorded during the
period in which the design wet: bulb temperature was exceeded.

Design Dry Bulb Temperature

Where approach to dry bulb only determines the design

Design dry bulb temperature : 28 'C.

Corresponding wet bulb temperature: 18 'C.

NOTE: Design dry bulb temperature is the dry bulb temperature which
is not exceeded by more than 5 % of the time during the three
hottest summer monchs. The corresponding wet bulb tempera-
ture is the average wet bulb temperature recorded during the
period in which the design dry bulb temperature was exceeded.

Winter Design Dry Bulb Temperature

The winter design dry bulb temperature: 0 'C.

3.1.4 Temperature Extremes

Dry,bulb temperature - maximum: 36 'C.

Dry bulb temperature - minimum: -6 'C.
Wet bulb temperature - maximum: 2 3 'C.

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Effects of Surrounding Equipment

In using the above design figures, allowances are to be made as

necessary, because of design and surroundings (e.g. for cooling
towers it is the designer’s responsibility to add the recycle
allowance as well as any allowance necessary because of the effect
of surrounding equipment).

Cooling Tower Design

The design of natural draft cooling towers should make provision

for low load, low ambient temperature conditions.

3.2

Average barometric pressure - 85 kPa abs.

an elevation of 1500 rn above sea level.
This is equivalent to

3.3

3.3.1 Scope

This Specification describes the site meteorological data to be used

in the design of the SASOL Two project. It is intended to survey
available site meteorological data to allow the specific design
interpretations and judgements to be based upon consistent informa-
tion.

3.3.2 Reference Documents

SP-00-1 Civil and Structural Design, Loads and Forces

SP-90-31 Metrication

University of the Witwatersrand, Hydrological Research Unit.

Report Number 1/72, Design Flood Determination in South Africa.

General Site Data

a. Topography - The high point of the site elevation is 1600 m

above mean sea level.

b. Average Barometric Pressure is 85.0 kPa abs.

3.3.4 Temperatures

a. The relevant summer design temperature is that temperature which

is not exceeded more than 5 % of the time during the three
hottest summer months. The corresponding wet or dry bulb
temperature is the average temperature recorded during the
period in which the relevant design temperature was exceeded.

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For the design of cooling towers, the designer shall add an

allowance for recycle and give consideration to the effect o f
surrounding equipment to arrive at the design inlet wet bulb
temperature.

b. Summer design dry bulb temperature 2a o c

Corresponding wet bulb temperature i a oc
c. Summer design ambient wet bulb temperature 17 "C
Corresponding dry bulb temperature 25 " C

d. Minimum design (inlet) wet bulb temperature 18 "C

e. Winter design dry bulb temperature 0 "C

f. Temperature extremes (maximum/minimum):
Dry bu1b temperature s 36"C/-6 " C
Wet bulb temperatures 23 " C

g. 24 hour average temperatures:

Average summer dry bulb temperature 20 " C

Average winter dry bulb temperature 9 "C

h. No freezing conditions to be designed for, except instrument

impulse lines and above ground water supplies to eyebaths and
emergency showers.

i. The average monthly and annual solar evaporation rates

(expressed in mm) are as follows:

-
JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC
152 125 124 98 89 66 77 100 126 152 134 147
TOTAL: 1 3 9 0

3.3.5 Precipitation

a. Rainfall
- Highest rainfall recorded for a 24 hour period - 65 mrn.
Second highest - 4 5 , 5 mm.

- Highest rainfall for one month - 2 3 6 , a mm. Second highest

monthly total rainfall - 2 2 7 , l mm.

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- Average rainfall figures f o r the 10 year period ending

December 1 9 7 4 :

MONTHLY AVERAGE
January 145 nun
February 69 mm
March 54 nun
April 58 mm
May 16 m
June 3 m
July 5 m
August 16 mm
S ep tember 23 mm
October 86 nun
November 113 nun
103 mm
December
Total per year - 691 mm

- Rainfall intensity - see Figures 1 , 2 , 3 and 4 in Specifica-

tion SP-90-33,

b. Hail exposure
Average hailstorm occurrence : 3 times/year (summer)
Average hailstone sizes : 6 nunto 15 mm
Maximum hailstone size : 20 mm
c. Snow conditions
No design criteria for snow conditions are required.

3.3.6 Wind

a , Maximum one hour velocity over a ten year period: 1 9 , 8 m/s

b. Maximum wind velocity, gusts during a storm: 37,5 m/s

c. Design wind pressure: 0,850 kPa (based on design wind speed

of 134 km/h at 10 m above grade).

d. For elevations above 10 m,. height factors s h a l l be applied to

the design wind pressure.

e. Prevailing wind data for the SASOL Two site is not available]
however, Figures 5 and 6 in Specification SP-90-33 provides
information from the Roodebank area, located approximately 20
km southwest of the S A S O L Two site,

3.3.7 Seismic

There are no design requirements for seismic activity.

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4.1 m
The Government Mining Engineer (GME) has jurisdiction over the SASOL
Two/Three factories; hence the works must comply with all the
requirements of the South African Mines and Works Act and Regula-
tions (Act Number 27 of 1956 as amended).

Whenever new plants or extensions to the existing plant are planned

and such plant will discharge listed gases or particulate matter
into the air as defined in the Atmospheric Pollution Prevention Act
of 1965, an application for provisional registration shall be made
to the Chief Officer, Air Pollution, Department of Health. The
Design Contractor or SASTECH is responsible to supply information
regarding effluent gases as per standard form (refer to
Tables 4.2(a) and 4.2(b)). The information required by the Chief
Officer is given in the sample application form as per Table 4.2(c),

The entire SASOL Two/SASOL Three complex is subject to a zero liquid

discharge philosophy. This should be taken into account during
design and every effort should be made to minimize and contain
effluents.

Page 1 7 of 30
 %I
TABLE 4.2(a) - CONTINUOUS EMISSIONS
c, v,
m 0
Data on atmospheric emissions from a l l process u n i t s defined in terms of the Atmospheric P o l l u t i o n Prevention Act No 45, of 1965. rn r
rn

0
G F
V E
0
T O N P CCI
O L E 0 S U
T U R L 0 n
A M A L U P
r,
L E A L U R U
T C T C v

E R 1 P I E
n i u A 0
I C A R N 0
S L T F
S F I S
rd
I L C O D
(U 0 0 U U A
OS NU L R T
(b
A C A .
P m3/h R E
03
S
0
n,
W
0
SASOL Technology (Pty) Ltd

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PROCESS DESIGN GUIDE
SASOL Technology (Pty) Ltd

SECTION B
J a n u a r y 1989
Revision 1
PROCESS DESIGN GUIDE

APPiicATioN FOR RffisTuno.u/Pnomosa mxm.+no;UOF SCHEDCLED PRO~ESSES

1. IrpwtMt:

( i l P a t a ~ p l i o t i o nto Ih.cbkf Air rdlution Control -.

fi) Rdcr to M i o m 9 ~d 1 1 (2) U 4 AS tk Semod M u l e d rtr Aunapkmic Pollution Prcvcnrion Act, l%J (Acl4J Ol196Jl.
hi*.te b~Xfl, Rrtwm. CTdephom 4 m . 3 c, f / I
(iii)M u k mrk aa X in revs rbuz r p p l k b k
( i ) If th rpcr p r o r ~ r n W r n tbr
b3
i requid i a f m t i o n m y br vbnitvd in ih lonn of a mcmondum
'
-
2 h-erfim
1v) Attach a mrp 01 cknch showing tk nature of Ihc UriwDn on nrifibarrmi pro-

-
bY *haIhc P h C I I U Y bc M C h d
contour k d s if paribk id thc routr

-
......................................................................................................................................................................................................... :.
>. Rnldrs(LI addrrn of plant ........................................................................ A m d rhc ................................................... .._.......
- ................................ ..........-...
................ .........................................................
...................-................................................ ".... ...........................
^ .............. T i M M p t i r m d Lh. ............_..........-._.
L P o d rddr=n .....................................................................................
..............................
..-......-- ........... -..........-............................. ..- .........-
.
7. Tekphom sbr ...... ..............................
k dc* d
@d W fOr 8k plbllcl Cobd.--.
... -.....-.-----.... ....... ....--.--------
9. kcrr d w m m ) ...---....-- I-.-_.-... ...........--......- ....-...---

..... .....................................................
..................................... -.... _-.-..-
i---.._.
-..--..._--..
I -_-...............................
.--.-.-.-I ....................................
i
..
...-..........-.... A-
-
-..---

I I. ~ d b @ y c r r l d : D a r i i i n d a r J l b e m M t d b o t k -- ^ ..__........................................................
.............................. ......--.---..--...... .......... -..- .-, ....................... ................... -.- .......... -..-
-................................. -.-.... ..____ ........ .........__ ....... --- ......................................................... I
-

.I_ ...........................
___.________. .__.._.._._II____._.__._C.__.l. .................-.... -........................... ..-..---
..- ....... .............................
.I ".._._......__...._...-..-.---*-_
I ............-.... ......-........__.._..-. ^ -
12 E 9m
l for QYC ~ ~ : rrp...............................................
d ~ h i - x Sppify .......................................
-
-0s

.-................................................................................... -__.-.-..--... ............................. "............-............- .-

-..... ........ ........................................ .
.
.
.
..
.
.
.
..
.
.
.
..
.
.
.
..
.
.
.
..
.
.
.
..
.
.
.
..
.
.
.
..
. ............................................... -......---- -

Page 20 of 30
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Co. 6/16

1% M hpdaoth .sJpied: sucr mthod of bparl................................................................................................

...................................... .-.................................... ^ .....--...................................................... ............................
........._........ .............................................. I
.......................... .........................................
..-.- ......... .............................. ...................................... ............................

ic RnrpI.l .i&: Spxify direction and f r r q u c ............................................................................

~ ................. ....
...........-..........". ............................................................................ .............................................................................................................
~

................................................... ...................................... .............................................................................

_
................................................................................... ....._... ................................
t% -lad foraitpdllr~raoc r r r b d a h m p a d :
(ib bckground m c u U r e m t s
': 0 (iii W o n mooantion
-. ys
0
Non --
No
0
-
~

I& . ~ r a i d r o l w a r c r :
(i)Dironcr ... - -
(ii) Duaion...........................................................................

17. F- dct.i~d -74 01 p ~ b k n r

e r p r ~ a c rL
l wim r~ polwbr..............

................................................... .......".-"--
...... ......-"-..."-.-_.............................. -.....-.................... ............. -...
....................-......-....... ".._
.........I ..........- ............--..--.....-....-...-..... ...........- ..-...-......................................................... -.
. .-..-.... ..........-..... ..-...........-...._...........-...... ........................... "-.-.-..... . .-.... ".............. ...-..... .... ......... .... I I...

1L F v r Y m d a h n 'U rspa deeL rmpuehiy:

6)Ha* above s o u n d I c ~ l . . ................

C-by ................
buildhe..

32 ~ o ' & u ~ n mitred.. u ..............

(iv) W a a t i o n of pblluuaa.. ...............

(v) voiumc of pc d t l d . . . . ..................

(4 Emiuioo t u n w t ure... ................... I ...................... ........................ I ...................... ...................I. . . . . . . . . . . .

.................................................................................................................................................................................. .
---.---....-......-. -
".........................-- ..... -...--. ................................ ................................................................................................

-.- .......................................
mu

P?ge 2 1 of 30
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The measurement and rating of noise is covered in SABS Code O L

Practice 083-1983, "Measurement and Occupational Noise for Hearing
Conservation Purposes". This code stipulates the maximum per-
missible exposure for industrial workers to be an equivalent noise
level of 85 dBA. Also refer to SASOL Philisophies MR-041-017,.
"Noise Level Crireria".

. Since the concept of noise exposure embodies time as well as level

dependence, an area in which ambient noise level is in excess of
85 dBA may constitute a potential noise hazard, but will not warrant
treatment if nobody works there for long periods. Treatment is
therefore only justifiable where the ambient noise level is in
excess of 85 dBA and some operators are subject to long exposure
times.

.
The units of measurement for SASOL are SI Metric. Conversion
factors are given in Paragraph 5.6.. Terms utilized shall be limited
to those included in Paragraph 5 . 6 as much as practical.

5.2 U
The following basic units of measurement will be used on all Process
design documents:

- Linear - millimetres (mm)

D. Mass - kilograms (kg)

c. Flow:
Gas - normal cubic metres per hour (m3,/h)
Liquid (large) - cubic metres per hour (m3/h)
Liquid (small)* - litres per minute (P/min)

Steam and condensate - kilograms per hour (kg/h)

Temperature - degrees Celsius ('C)

& . Pressure (gauge reading) - kilopascal (kPa)

g. Pressure (absolute) - kilopascal absolute (kPa abs,

h. Pressure (differential) - kilopascal (kPa)

Page 2 2 of 30
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. Vacuum (gauge reading) - kilopascal vacuum (kPa vac)

. Heat - kilojoule (U)

.. Heat flow - megawatts (MW)

. Power (including horsepower) - kilowatts (kW)

*
5.3 I

Some material items will probably still be purchased and iGentified

on documents in Imperial units. Among these are:

a. Nominal bore and ratings of piping, valves and flanges.

b. Flanged nozzles and connections on equipment.

5.4

Conversion factors for the project shall be those listed :.,

Paragraph 5.6.

5.4.1 Metric symbols are written without a full stop and plurals are not
used. A capital must only be used when it is a genuine part of the
symbol, for example kW.

5.4.2 The position of a decimal is indicated by a comma; numbers should

be separated in groups of three counting from the decimal position
cowards the left and the right, e.g. 35 302,203 155.

5.5 w
Normally, the units of measurements used should comply with those
given in Paragraph 5.6. However, for very large or small numbers,
prefixes from the following table may be used:

FACTOR PREFIX SYMBOL

109 gigs G
106 mega M
103 kilo k
10-3 milli m
10-6 micro J
!

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5.6

CUSTOMARY CONVERSION 51
QUANTITY UNITS FACTORS SI UNITS SYMBOLS NOTES
(NOTE 1, 2) TO BE USED (NOTE 3)
(IMPERIAL) (NOTE')

I LENGTH - AREA - VOLUME - SPACE - TIME -

11,609 344' EO lkilmtrc km 10

m 10

f Dot 3,048' E+2 m i 1L imetrc mn 10

3,048- E-1 metre m 10
LENGTH
2,540' E+4 micrweire rn 10
inch 2,540' E*l miLLimetre mn 10
2,540' E-2 metre m 10

2.540' Ell micrwtre rn

2,540' E-2 millimetre mn 10
-
SURFACE micro-inch 2,540' E-2 micrwtre urn 32
TEXTURE
-
AREA square inch 6.451 600. E-4 square metre m2
square foot 9,290 304' E-2 square metre mz
-
cubic inch 1,638 706 E-5 15
cubic f o o t 2,831 685 E-2 15
VOLUME cubic yard 7.6L5 549 E-1 cubic metre m3
g a l l o n (IMP) 4.546 090. E-3 26
b a r r e l (US) 1,589 873 E-1
-
degree 1,745 329 E-2 radian rad 31
PLANE degree 1,000' E0 degree
ANGLES minute 1,000. E0 minute 5
second 1,000' E0 second
-
second 1.000' E0 second s
TIME minute 6,000' E+l second ' S
hour 3,600* E13 secd S
-
FREOUENCY cycles per second 1,000' E0 hertz HZ
-
I MASS

purd mass (Ih) 4,535 924 E-1 kilogram kg 20

MASS
t o n (ZOO0 Ltra) 9,071 8L9 E-1 m e t r i c ton t(1OOO t g ) 11

MASS/LENGTR pound mass per 1.488 161 E0 kilogram per kglm

foot metre

HAWAREA pound mass per 4.882 428 E0 kilogram per kg/m2 16

sq f t metre square

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CUSTOMARY CONVERSION SI
QUANTITY UNITS FACTORS SI U N I T S SYMBOLS NOTE!
(NOTE 1, 2) TO BE USED (NOTE 3 )
(IMPERIAL) (NOTE')
-
pound mass per 1,601 846 E+l
cub f t

MASS/VOLUME pound mass per 2,767 991 E+4 k i l o g r a m per kg/m3

cub i n cubic metre

pound mass per 9,977 644 E+l

gallon

VELOCITY, ACCELERATION, VISCOSITY

( f o o t per sec 13,048'

E-1
I metre per sec 1 m/s 1 25

L INEAR
VELOCITY
f o o t per m i n 5,080* E-3 metre per sec m/s I
m i l e per hour 1,609 344 E0 k i l o m e t r e per km/ h
hour

f o o t per sec 3 ,068* E-1 metre per sec m/s2

square square
ACCELERATION
Gravitational 9,806 650* E0 metre per sec m/s2
cons r a n t square
-
ANGULAR r e v o l u t i o n s per 1,000* E0 r e v o l u t i o n s per r/min 4
VELOCITY minute minute

Dynamic c e n t i - 1,000* E-3 pascal second Pa.s

poise
V I SCOS I TY
Kinematic c e n t i - 1,000' E-6 metre square per m2/s 14
stoke second

FLOU RATES
3
m Jh
per hour ( d r y ) metre per hour
GAS FLOW
m 3./h
per hour metre per hour
(saturated)

g a l l o n s (USA) per 2,271- 247 E-1 cubic metre per m3/h

minute hour
L I Q U I D FLOU
g a l l o n s (USA) per 3,785 413 E0 l i t r e s per 4 m in
minute minute

pound-mass per 4,535 924 E-1 kilogram per kg/s

second second

MASS FLOW tons mass ( s h o r t ) 2 , 5 1 9 9 5 8 E-1 kilogram per kg/s

per hour second

pound mole per 4,535 924 E-1 kilogram mole kg mol/hr

hour per hour

Exact conversion f a c t o r ; a l l subsequent d i g i t s are zero.

~ _ - - __
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-~ -~ ~

CUSTOMARY CONVERSION SI
QUANT I TY UNITS FACTORS SI UNITS SYMBOLS NOTES
(NOTE 1, 2 ) TO B E USED (NOTE 3)
(IMPERIAL) (NOTE')

FORCE, PRESSURE
-
pound f o r c e ( l b f ) 4,448 222 EO newt on 16
FORCE
kilogram force 9,806 650 E0 newton 16
-
pound f o r c e per 6,894 757 E0 kilopascal 12,17

PRESSURE
square i n c h ( p s i )

pound f o r c e per
square f o o t ( p s f )
4,788 026 E-2 k ilopasca l 1 kPa 24,27

1 1
pound f o r c e per 6,894 757
STRESS square inch

MODULES OF
ELASTICITY
(E)

BEND ING
MOMENT
pound f o r c e per
square inch

inch pound f o r c e
6,894 757

1,129 848
E-3

E-1
megapascal

newton metre
I I MPa
Nm
'8

ELECTRICITY - MECNETISM

CURRENT [ampere 1 , ooo* E0 ampere A

CHARGE
coulomb

CAPACITANCE l f a r a d
3,600*
1, ooo*

1,ooo*
E+3 COUlMnb
E0

E0
coulomb

farad
lI cF C

(
MAGN FLUX gauss 1, ooo* E-4 tesla
DENSITY gam 1, ooo* E-9 tesla
I I
I I

MAGN FLUX maxuell 1, ooo* E-8 weber I Ub I

MAGN F I E L D
FORCE
gilbert 7,957 747 E-1 ampere
I A 1 2 9
MAGN F I E L D
STRENGTH

INDUCTANCE
oersted

henry
7,957 747

1,000' .
E+1

E0
ampere/metre

henry
I A/m I 30

SUSCEPTANCE mho 1 ,ooo* E0

CONDUCTANCE mho 1 , ooo* E0
ADMITTANCE mho 1, ooo* E0 siemens

REACTANCE ohm 1 , ooo* E0 ohm R

RESISTANCE ohm 1, ooo* E0 ohm n
IMPEDANCE ohm 1,000' E0 ohm n
POTENTIAL volt 1,000' E0 volt V

ohm c i r c u l a r m i l 1,662 426 E-9 ohm metre square Rm

per metre

* Exact conversion f a c t o r ; a l l subsequent d i g i t s a r e zero.

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CUSTOMARY CONVERSION SI
W A N T ITY UNITS FACTORS S I UNITS SYMBOLS NOTES
(NOTE 1, 2) TO BE USED (NOTE 3 )
(IMPERIAL) (NOTE*)

ohm cm 1, ooo* E-2 ohm metre Rm

? E S I ST I V I TY
ohm/1000 f t 3,280 84 E0 ohm per k i l o - Sl/ km
metre

LUM 1N W S footcandles 1,076 391 E+l lux LX 9

)ENS ITY

LUMINWS candle power 1, ooo* E0 candela cd

INTENSITY

degrees degrees
Fahrenheit Celsuis

degrees degrees
TEMPERATURE Celsuis kelvin

degrees
Fahrenheit t,/i ,a degrees
(interval) Celsuis
kelvin

lHERMAL BTU i n
EONDUCTIVITY h r f t 2 deg F
1,442 285
HEAT

E-1 watt per metre

ldeg K
1 '/mK 1 *'
THERMAL BTU 5 , 6 7 8 286 E0 watt per metre W/m2K 22
:ONOUCTANCE hr f t 2 deg F square deg K

THERMAL 1,761 094 E-1 metre square deg m2K/W 22

3ESISTANCE K per watt

HEAT BTU 5,186 816 E3 j o u l e per J/kgK 22

:APACITY Iltmass deg F kilogram K

BTU 1,055 060 E0 kilojoule kJ 22

ENERGY kilocalorie 4,186 800 E0 kilojoule kJ
kilowatt-hour 3,600* E0 megajoule MJ 21

IMPACT f o o t pound f o r c e 1,355 818 E0 joule J

BTU per hour 2,930 711 E-1 watt U 33

I E A T FLOU
c a l o r i e per 4,184 OOO* E0 watt U 33
second

iORSEPOUER mechanical 7 , 4 5 6 999 E-I kilowatt kU 23

electrical 7,460 OOO* E-1 kiLowatt kW

* Exact conversion f a c t o r ; a l l subsequent d i g i t s are zero.

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PROCESS DESIGN GUIDE

NOTES :

Note 1 Multiply the US Customary unit by the Conversion Factor

to obtain the proper SI unit. See Paragraph 2 . 4 of
Specification S P - 9 0 - 3 1 for the location of the decimal
point. Some factors are written as a number greater than
one and less than ten with six or less decimal places.
The number is followed by the letter E (for exponent), a
plus or minus symbol and digits which indicate to power
of 10 by which the number must be multiplied to obtain the
correct value.

Example :

1 , 7 4 5 329 E - 2 is 1 , 7 4 5 329 x 10-' or 0 , 0 1 7 453 2 9 .

Note 2 See Paragraph 3 Specification S P - 9 0 - 3 1 for rounding o f f

values and the number of significant digits to be
retained.

Note 3 The style for writing SI units is summarised in Para-

graph 6 of Specification S P - 9 0 - 3 1 .

Note 4 This is an exception to SI practice which measures angular

velocity in radians per second (rad/s).

Note 5 Plane angles may also be measured in decimal degrees with

360" in a circle (1 degree is 60 minutes; 1 minute is 60
seconds). The alternative SI unit for plane angles, gon,
shall not be used.

Note 6 US Customary standard gas volumes are measured at 60 O F

and 1-Atmosphere (normal) ( 1 4 , 6 9 6 psia) and assumed d r y .

Gas volumes referred to as normal cubic metres are given
at 2 7 3 , 1 5 K and 101,325 kPa ( 7 6 0 mm Hg) (dry). The
British standard atmosphere is at 60 "F and 3 0 inches Hg,
saturated.

Note 7 Small flows, usually less than 0,l m3/h, may be expressed
in litres per minute. ( 0 , 1 2 m3/h is 120 J/h is 2 R/min)
Note 8 The symbol for litre is the script "1''. Never use the
lower case "1". To avoid confusion, it is preferable to
spell out the word "litre" whenever the typescript " 1 " is
not used.

Note 9 The symbol for lux is "lx". However, the word " l u x " is
usually spelled out.

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Note 10 See Paragraphs 4.1 and 4.2 of Specification SP-90-31

regarding the use of the unit metre.

Note 11 The unit, metric ton (t). shall be used only to express
nominal values in text, or for shipping data.

Note 12 It will be assumed that the quantity for pressure is meant

to be gauge pressure (kPa) unless absolute (kPa abs) or
vacuum (kPa vac) is written.

Note 13 The temperature range or difference is given in 'C for

convenience instead of in the SI unit, kelvin (K). (At
of 1 'C is 1 K). . --.a

Note 1 4 The units of viscosity are usually given in cgs units in

non-SI usage.

Note 15 Small volumes, less than 0 , l m' , may be expressed in

litres. ( o , ~m3 is 100 I ) .

Note 16 Force per unit length is expressed as newtons per metre

(N/m). Load per unit area, when related to mass such as
live loads, is expressed as kilograms per square metre
(kg/rn2). See Note 20.

Note 17 One metre head of water exerts a pressure of approximately

10 kPa, to be used for general work. (1 Pa is 1 N/m2).
More exact expressions are 1019,7 mm water at 4 'C or
1020,7 mm water at 15 'C exert a pressure of 10 kPa.

Note 18 1 MPa is 1 N/m2.

Note 19 Steam and condensate quantities expressed in customary
units inpoundsfiour shall be expressed inkilograms/hour.

Note 20 The kilogram is resrricted to the unit of mass. The

newton is the unit of force. The term kilogram-force
shall not be used. See Note 16.

dote 21 Work energy may also be expressed as kilowatt-hour (kWh)

Note 22 International Table, British Thermal Unit.

Note 2 3 Mechanical horsepower is 550 ft lbf/sec

Note 24 The term bar (1 bar

be used.
- 1,000* E+2 kilopascal) shall not

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Note 25 Millimetres per second (m/s) may be used (see Para-

graph 2 . 3 . 1 of Specification SP-90-31).

Note 2 6 1 Imperial gallon (UK) is 1 , 2 * gallons (USA).

Note 27 Low pressures or vacuum l e s s than 10 kPa may be expressed

in pascals (Pa) .

Note 2 8 Small values of stress may be expressed in kilopascals.

Note 29 Gilbert is sometimes referred to as ampere-turn, ( A ) ;

Gilbert is also known as magnetomotive force.

Note 3 0 Oersted is often referred to .as ampere-turn per metre,

A/m .

Note 3 1 ?r radian - 1 8 0 degrees.

Note 3 2 Only in expressing surface roughness values.

Note 33 The thermochemical unit was used in this ,conversion. BTU

can be expressed as international table (IT) or thermo-
chemical unit (TC). The ratio IT/TC is 1,090 6 7 0 .