FONÉTICA Y FONOLOGÍA

DEL INGLÉS

Mg. Roxana Montenegro Marín

 Fricative
in phonetics, a consonant sound, such as
English f or v, produced by bringing the
mouth into position to block the passage
of the airstream, but not making complete
closure, so that air moving through the
mouth generates audible friction.
Fricatives (also sometimes called
“spirants”) can be produced with the
same positions of the vocal organs as
stops; bilabial, labiodental, dental,
alveolar, palatal, velar, and uvular
consonants.
The voiceless “f” sound (a consonant
fricative) is produced by stopping and
releasing air between your bottom lip
and the front side of your top teeth. Do
not overproduce this sound by curling
your bottom lip under your top teeth.
photo half laugh staff

As you can see, the “f” sound is spelt in four different

ways: “f”, “ff”, “ph” and “gh”.

“F” The standard “f” can be found at the beginning, at the

end and in the middle of words.
“ FF” Say aloud the following words:

off stuff cliff office coffee

They all contain “ff” because the vowel sound before the
“ff” is short.
“PH”
Did you know that most words containing “ph” are from
Ancient Greek? It’s interesting, isn’t it?
This “ph” can be found at the beginning, at the end and
in the middle of words.
Examples:
phone, pharmacy , graph alphabet, dolphin
GH”
“

Look at the following words which all contain the

“-ugh” pattern and where this pattern is
pronounced “f”: rough
cough /kɒf/ enough /ɪˈnʌf/ laughter /ˈlɑːf.tər/
feel – feed – fear – fit – finish – – fed – fair – fast –
far – four – form – fond – food – full – foot – firm –
fun – final – find .

office – offer – suffer – effect – muffin – defend –

after – safe – half – staff
/v/
It is called the ‘Voiced labiodental
fricative’. This means that you create
friction between the bottom lip and top
teeth.
The /v/ sound is made through the mouth
and it is Voiced which means that you
vibrate your vocal chords to make the
sound.
fast vast
fat vat
fee V
fine vine
foul vowel
gif give
half halve
life live
proof prove
safe save
vet – very – vast – verb – vein – vital –
voice – vote;
even – evil – fever – eleven – event –
level – every – invest – review –
prevail (/prɪˈveɪl/)– prevent –
provoke( /prəˈvəʊk/)
active – love– brave – Groove( /ɡruːv/)
– stove ( /stəʊv/)