Detailed phonetics

*Chinese is not a phonetic

language. The pronunciation is
not related to the writing of
Chinese words (characters).
Pinyin is the special system,
created for people to learn
Mandarin pronunciation. Pinyin
transcribes the Chinese
characters so people can
pronounce it. It may be used as
an input method to enter
Chinese characters into
computers or electronics as
well.
Rules The tone mark is marked above the vowels
( Vowels are: a, o, e, i, u, ü )
A. When a syllable has only one vowel, the tone mark is marked above the vowel.
e.g.: lù / mā / hěn / nǚ / mǐ

B. If the tone mark is above the vowel i, the dot above i should be removed.
e.g.: nǐ / píng / yì
C. When a syllable has a compound final (more than two vowels), the tone mark should
usually be put above the vowel which requires your mouth to be open the widest.
**The order is a> o> e > i/u > ü
e.g.: hǎo / xué / zuò

D. When the degree is the same ( i = u ), put the tone mark above the second vowel.
e.g.: shuǐ / niú
Visiting a Dentist
Source: web.mit.edu
Third tone sandhi
When 2 third (V)(V)tones’ syllable are together, the
first third tone syllable is read as a second tone(／),
but the tone mark remains the third tone.

(hén)(hǎo) (hén)(zǎo) (ké)(yǐ) 语(yú)法(fǎ)

Half Third Tone
When a third tone is followed by a
first(—) tone, a second(／) tone, or
a fourth(＼) tone syllable, or most
neutral tone, the third tone is read
aloud as a half third tone.
 汉语拼音发音口型图 Fonetik konuları
单韵 Tek ünlü son heceler

a- o- e- İngilizce (e) ile telaffuzu

*嘴唇自然张大，舌放平，舌头 *嘴唇成圆形，微翘起，舌头向 farklıdır.
中间微隆，声带颤动 后缩，舌面后部隆起，舌居中，
声带颤动 *嘴半开，舌位靠后，嘴角向两
Open mouth wide, tongue in the Lips become rounded, 边展开成扁形，声带颤动
half flat position Tongue is in the back. Vibrate.

*Pronounced similar to English as *Pronounced similar to English as *Pronounced similar to English as

in father in law in ago
 汉语拼音发音口型图 Fonetik konuları
单韵 Tek ünlü son heceler

i- u- ü-
*发音时，嘴微张成扁平状， *发音时，嘴唇拢圆，突出成 *发音时，嘴唇成圆形，接近
舌尖抵住下齿龈，舌面抬高， 小孔，舌面后部隆起，声带 闭拢，舌尖抵住下齿龈，舌
靠近上硬腭，声带颤动 颤动 面前部隆起，声带颤动

Önce dilini (i) telaffuz Son hece(ü) telaffuze ederken

pozisyonuna koyarsın.
*Pronounced similar to English *Pronounced similar to English
as in see as in book
 汉语拼音发音口型图 Fonetik konuları
声母 Ön heceler

b-çift dudaksıl ses p-çift dudaksıl ses m-çift dudaksıl ses f-ise dişsil dudaksıl ses
*双唇紧闭，阻碍气流，然 *双唇紧闭，阻碍气流，然 *双唇紧闭，舌后缩，气流 *上齿触下唇形成窄缝，让
后双唇突然放开，让气流 后双唇突然放开，让气流 从鼻腔出来，打开嘴，声 气流从缝中挤出来，摩擦
冲出，读音轻短 冲出 带颤动 成声
*Pronounced similar to *Pronounced similar to *Pronounced similar to *Pronounced similar to
English as in book English as in pizza English as in moon English as in fish
 汉语拼音发音口型图 Fonetik konuları
声母 Ön heceler

d-sesleri telaffuz ederken dil t-sesleri telaffuz ederken dil n-sesleri telaffuz ederken dil l-sesleri telaffuz ederken dil
başı üst dış yuvasına karşı başı üst dış yuvasına karşı başı üst dış yuvasına karşı başı üst dış yuvasına karşı
konulur konulur konulur konulur

*舌尖抵住上牙床，憋住气流 *舌尖抵住上牙床，憋住气后， *舌尖抵住上牙床，气流从鼻 *嘴唇稍开，舌尖抵住上牙床，

后突然放开，气流从口腔迸出， 突然离开，气流从口中迸出 腔通过，同时冲开舌尖的阻碍， 声带颤动，气流从舌尖两边流
爆发成音 声带颤动 出
*Pronounced similar to English
*Pronounced similar to English as in time *Pronounced similar to English *Pronounced similar to English
as in dog as in no as in love
 汉语拼音发音口型图 Fonetik konuları
声母 Ön heceler

g-telaffuz edilirken, dilin arka kısmı k-telaffuz edilirken, dilin arka kısmı h-telaffuz edilirken, dilin arka kısmı
yukarıya kaldırılıp yumşak damak ile yukarıya kaldırılıp yumşak damak ile yukarıya kaldırılıp yumşak damağa
dayanılır dayanılır yanaşılır

*舌根前部抵住软腭阻碍气流，让气流冲 *舌根前部，抵住上软腭，阻碍气流，让 *舌根抬高，接近软腭，形成窄缝，气流

破舌根的阻碍，爆发成音 气流冲破舌根的阻碍，迸发成音 从缝中挤出，摩擦成音

*Pronounced similar to English as in skirt *Pronounced similar to English as in king *Pronounced similar to English as in house
 a family

ai- ao- an- ang-

*先发 a 的音，然后滑向i， *先发 a 的音，然后舌 *先发 a 的音，然后舌尖 *先发 a 的音，然后舌根
气流不中断，读音轻短 尖后缩，舌根向上抬， 逐渐抬起，顶住上牙床 抵住上软腭，气流从鼻
发n的音 腔泄出，发后鼻音尾ng
嘴形拢成圆形，轻轻
*Like in English I 的音
的滑向 o
A final that ends with n is A final that ends with ng is
Like in ‘ou’ch also called a front nasal called a back nasal final.
final.
 O Family

ong
ou- ong-
*先发 o 的音，嘴唇渐收拢，
舌根抬高，口型由大圆到小
圆
 ü Family
lü
nü nüe lüe
铝驴
女 虐 略掠
旅绿
 汉语拼音发音口型图 Fonetik konuları
声母 Ön heceler

j-dil yüzeyi sesleri. Voiceless q-dil yüzeyi sesleri. Voiceless

x-dil yüzeyi sesleri. Voiceless
palatal affricates. palatal affricates.
palatal affricates.
Unaspirated Aspirated
The vocal cords do not
-let the air squeeze out vibrate -airflow is very strong
-let the air squeeze out
*舌尖抵住下门齿，舌面前
*舌尖抵住下门齿，舌面前 *舌面前部贴住硬腭，气流 部抬高靠近硬腭，形成窄缝，
部紧贴硬腭，气流从窄缝中 冲破舌根的阻碍，摩擦成音 气流从缝中挤出，摩擦成音
冲出，摩擦成音