GSE Department – Faculty of Engineering – MSA University

Course Code: MAT251, GSE111L Course Name: Linear Algebra

Quiz (2 - A) Fall 2023 Course Instructor: Dr. Mohamed Said Hussein

Model Answer of Quiz (2 – A) [10 Marks]

(1) If 𝑽 is a vector space over ℝ, and 𝑼 = {(𝒙, 𝒚, 𝒛) ∈ ℝ𝟑 : 𝒙𝟐 + 𝒚𝟐 + 𝒛𝟐 ≤ 𝟏}. Show that the set 𝑼 is a
subspace of 𝑽 or not ? (2.5 marks)
Solution
i) if 𝒙 = 𝒚 = 𝒛 = 𝟎, then The zero vector (𝟎 , 𝟎 , 𝟎) ∈ 𝑼.
ii) For vectors 𝒖𝟏 = (𝟏 , 𝟎 , 𝟎) ∈ 𝑼 and 𝒖𝟐 = (𝟎 , 𝟏 , 𝟎) ∈ 𝑼, then
𝒖𝟏 + 𝒖𝟐 = (𝟏 , 𝟎 , 𝟎) + (𝟎 , 𝟏 , 𝟎) = (𝟏 , 𝟏 , 𝟎) ∉ 𝑼. Therefore, the Closure under “ + ” is not satisfied.
iii) For vector 𝒖 = (𝟎 , 𝟏 , 𝟎) ∈ 𝑼 , and real number 𝒓 = 𝟐 ∈ ℝ, then
𝟐𝒖 = 𝟐(𝟎 , 𝟏 , 𝟎) = (𝟎 , 𝟐 , 𝟎) ∉ 𝑼. Therefore, the Closure under “ · ” is not satisfied.
Therefore, 𝑼 = {(𝒙, 𝒚, 𝒛) ∈ ℝ𝟑 : 𝒙𝟐 + 𝒚𝟐 + 𝒛𝟐 ≤ 𝟏} is not subspace of 𝑽.

(2) If 𝑺 = {𝒖𝟏 , 𝒖𝟐 , 𝒖𝟑 } is a basis for a vector space 𝐕, where 𝒖𝟏 = (𝟏 , 𝟓 , −𝟏), 𝒖𝟐 = (𝟏 , 𝟐 , 𝟏) and 𝒖𝟑 = (𝟏 , 𝟒 , 𝟑).
i) Find the coordinate vector of 𝒗(𝟐 , 𝟏𝟑 , 𝟔) relative to 𝑺. (5 marks)
ii) What is the dimension of the vector space 𝐕 ? why? (1 mark)
iii) Is it possible to find another basis for 𝐕 that contains more than 3 vectors? Why? (1.5 marks)
Solution
We need to find scalars, 𝒄𝟏 , 𝒄𝟐 𝒂𝒏𝒅, 𝒄𝟑 such that; 𝒗 = 𝒄𝟏 𝒖𝟏 + 𝒄𝟐 𝒖𝟐 + 𝒄𝟑 𝒖𝟑 therefore,
(𝟐 , 𝟏𝟑 , 𝟔) = 𝒄𝟏 (𝟏 , 𝟓 , −𝟏) + 𝒄𝟐 (𝟏 , 𝟐 , 𝟏) + 𝒄𝟑 (𝟏 , 𝟒 , 𝟑)
(𝟐 , 𝟏𝟑 , 𝟔) = (𝒄𝟏 + 𝒄𝟐 + 𝒄𝟑 , 𝟓𝒄𝟏 + 𝟐𝒄𝟐 + 𝟒𝒄𝟑 , −𝒄𝟏 + 𝒄𝟐 + 𝟑𝒄𝟑 )
The last vector equation produces the following non-homogenous system of equations 𝑨𝑪 = 𝑩
𝑐1 + 𝑐2 + 𝑐3 = 2 1 1 1
5𝑐1 + 2𝑐2 + 4𝑐3 = 13 } 𝒘𝒉𝒆𝒓𝒆, | 𝑨| = | 5 2 4 | = −10 ≠ 0
−𝑐1 + 𝑐2 + 3𝑐3 = 6 −1 1 3
Therefore, the system has unique solutions 𝒄𝟏 , 𝒄𝟐 𝒂𝒏𝒅, 𝒄𝟑 . To find this solution,

Page 1 of 2
 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 2 𝟏
1 1 1 2
−𝟓𝑹𝟏 + 𝑹𝟐 (− ) 𝑹𝟐 − 𝑹𝟐 + 𝑹𝟑
∴ ( 5 2 4 | 13)
𝑹𝟏 + 𝑹𝟑
→ (0 −3 −1 | 3 ) 𝟏
𝟑
→ (0 1 1/3 | −1) →
( ) 𝑹𝟑
𝟐
−1 1 3 6 0 2 4 8 0 1 2 4

1 1 1 2 𝟑
1 1 1 2 1 1 0 −1
( ) 𝑹𝟑 − 𝑹𝟑 + 𝑹𝟏 −𝑹𝟐 + 𝑹𝟏
𝟓
(0 1 1/3 | −1) → (0 1 1/3 | −1) 𝟏 → (0 1 0 | −2) →
(− )𝑹𝟑 + 𝑹𝟐
𝟑
0 0 5/3 5 0 0 1 3 0 0 1 3

𝟏 𝟎 𝟎 𝟏
(𝟎 𝟏 𝟎 | −𝟐). Therefore,: (𝒄𝟏 , 𝒄𝟐 , 𝒄𝟑 ) = (𝟏 , −𝟐 , 𝟑 )
𝟎 𝟎 𝟏 𝟑
𝟏
Therefore, the coordinate vector of 𝒗(−𝟐 , 𝟑 , 𝟏) relative to the basis 𝑺 is [𝒗]𝑺 = (𝟏 , −𝟐 , 𝟑) = [−𝟐 ]
𝟑

Page 2 of 2