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1-
𝑥2 𝑦2 𝑧2
𝐹(𝑥, 𝑦, 𝑧) = (2𝑥𝑦, 0, −𝑥𝑧); + + =1→
4 9 16
𝑥 = 2𝑢 →
𝑦 = 3𝑣 →
𝑧 = 4𝑠 →
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑣 𝑑𝑠 𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑣
| | 2 0 0 2 0
𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦
→ |0 3 0| 0 3 → (24) − (0) → 𝐽 = 24 →
|𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑣 𝑑𝑠 | 𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑣 0 0 4 0 0
𝑑𝑧 𝑑𝑧 𝑑𝑧 𝑑𝑧 𝑑𝑧
𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑣 𝑑𝑠 𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑣
𝑖⃗ 𝑗⃗ 𝑘⃗⃗ 𝑖⃗ 𝑗⃗
| 𝑑 𝑑 𝑑 | 𝑑 𝑑 |→ ⃗⃗ ) − (12𝑢𝑘
(−8𝑠𝑘 ⃗⃗ − 8𝑠𝑗⃗) → 8𝑠𝑗⃗ + (−12𝑢 − 8𝑠)𝑘
⃗⃗
𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑣 𝑑𝑠 𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑣
12𝑢𝑣 0 −8𝑢𝑠 12𝑢𝑣 −8𝑢𝑠
𝑢 = 1𝑠𝑒𝑛𝜑𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 →
𝑣 = 1𝑠𝑒𝑛𝜑𝑠𝑒𝑛𝜃 →
𝑠 = 1𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜑 →
𝑟⃗(𝜑, 𝜃) = (𝑠𝑒𝑛𝜑𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃, 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝜑𝑠𝑒𝑛𝜃, 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜑) →
0 ≤ 𝜑 ≤ 𝜋 → 0 ≤ 𝜃 ≤ 2𝜋 →
𝑟𝜃 = (−𝑠𝑒𝑛𝜑𝑠𝑒𝑛𝜃, 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝜑𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃, 0) →
𝑖⃗ 𝑗⃗ ⃗⃗
𝑘 𝑖⃗ 𝑗⃗
|𝑟𝜑 𝑋 𝑟𝜃| → | 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜑𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜑𝑠𝑒𝑛𝜃 −𝑠𝑒𝑛𝜑| 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜑𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜑𝑠𝑒𝑛𝜃 →
−𝑠𝑒𝑛𝜑𝑠𝑒𝑛𝜃 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝜑𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 0 −𝑠𝑒𝑛𝜑𝑠𝑒𝑛𝜃 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝜑𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃
⃗⃗ ) − (−𝑠𝑒𝑛𝜑𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜑𝑠𝑒𝑛2 𝜃𝑘
(𝑠𝑒𝑛2 𝜑𝑠𝑒𝑛𝜃𝑗⃗ + 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝜑𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜑𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝜃𝑘 ⃗⃗ − 𝑠𝑒𝑛2 𝜑𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃𝑖⃗) →
2𝜋 𝜋
24 ∫ ∫ 8𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜑𝑠𝑒𝑛2 𝜑𝑠𝑒𝑛𝜃 − 12𝑠𝑒𝑛²𝜑𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜑 − 8𝑐𝑜𝑠²𝜑𝑠𝑒𝑛𝜑𝑑𝜑 𝑑𝜃 →
0 0
𝜋 𝜋
1 1 8
∗ ∫ 8𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜑𝑠𝑒𝑛 𝜑𝑠𝑒𝑛𝜃𝑑𝜑 → 8𝑠𝑒𝑛𝜃 ( 𝑠𝑒𝑛3 (𝑥)) → 8𝑠𝑒𝑛𝜃 (− ) → − 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝜃
2
0 3 0
3 3
𝜋 𝜋
1 1
∗ ∫ −12𝑠𝑒𝑛²𝜑𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜑𝑑𝜑 → −12𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 ( 𝑠𝑒𝑛3 (𝑥)) → −12𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 (− ) → 4𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃
0 3 0
3
𝜋 𝜋
1 1 1 16
∗ ∫ −8𝑐𝑜𝑠²𝜑𝑠𝑒𝑛𝜑𝑑𝜑 → −8 (− 𝑐𝑜𝑠 3 (𝑥)) → −8 ( − (− )) → − →
0 3 0
3 3 3
2𝜋
8 16 8 16𝜃 2𝜋
24 ∫ − 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝜃 + 4𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 − 𝑑𝜃 → 24 ( 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 + 4𝑠𝑒𝑛𝜃 − ) →
0 3 3 3 3 0
−256𝜋
2-
𝐹(𝑥, 𝑦, 𝑧) = (𝑥 − 𝑥 2 𝑧, 𝑦𝑧 3 − 𝑦 2 , 𝑥 2 𝑦 − 𝑥𝑧);
𝑖⃗ 𝑗⃗ 𝑘⃗⃗ 𝑖⃗ 𝑗⃗
𝑑 𝑑
| 𝑑 𝑑 𝑑 | |→
| 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑧 | 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑦
𝑥 − 𝑥 2𝑧 𝑦𝑧 3 − 𝑦 2 𝑥 2 𝑦 − 𝑥𝑧 𝑥 − 𝑥 2 𝑧 𝑦𝑧 3 − 𝑦 2
𝑖𝑚𝑎𝑔𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑖 𝑢𝑚 𝑃𝑎𝑟𝑎𝑏𝑜𝑙𝑜𝑖𝑑𝑒 → 𝑧 = 1 − 𝑥 2 − 𝑦 2 →
𝑥 = 𝑟𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 →
𝑦 = 𝑟𝑠𝑒𝑛𝜃 →
𝑧 = 1 − 𝑟² →
𝑟⃗(𝑟, 𝜃) = (𝑟𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃, 𝑟𝑠𝑒𝑛𝜃, 1 − 𝑟²)
0 ≤ 𝑟 ≤ 1 → 0 ≤ 𝜃 ≤ 2𝜋 →
𝑟𝜃 = (−𝑟𝑠𝑒𝑛𝜃, 𝑟𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃, 0) →
𝑖⃗ 𝑗⃗ ⃗⃗
𝑘 𝑖⃗ 𝑗⃗
|𝑟𝜃 𝑋 𝑟𝑧| → | 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝜃 |
−2𝑟 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝜃 →
−𝑟𝑠𝑒𝑛𝜃 𝑟𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 0 −𝑟𝑠𝑒𝑛𝜃 𝑟𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃
⃗⃗ ) − (−𝑟𝑠𝑒𝑛2 𝜃𝑘
(2𝑟 2 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝜃𝑗⃗ + 𝑟𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝜃𝑘 ⃗⃗ − 2𝑟 2 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃𝑖⃗) → (2𝑟 2 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃, 2𝑟 2 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝜃, 𝑟)
2𝜋 1
∫ ∫ (2𝑟 4 𝑐𝑜𝑠 3 𝜃 − 6𝑟 3 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃𝑠𝑒𝑛𝜃 + 12𝑟 5 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃𝑠𝑒𝑛𝜃 − 6𝑟 7 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃𝑠𝑒𝑛𝜃)
0 0
2𝜋
2𝑐𝑜𝑠 3 𝜃 3𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃𝑠𝑒𝑛𝜃 3𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃𝑠𝑒𝑛𝜃
→∫ ( − + 2𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃𝑠𝑒𝑛𝜃 − )
0 5 2 4
2𝑠𝑒𝑛𝜃𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝜃 4𝑠𝑒𝑛2 𝜃𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 2𝑠𝑒𝑛𝜃 2𝑠𝑒𝑛𝜃
+ (− − + − ) 𝑑𝜃 →
5 5 3 5
𝑠𝑒𝑛3 𝜃
2 (𝑠𝑒𝑛𝜃 −
3 ) 3𝑠𝑒𝑛2 𝜃 2
3𝑠𝑒𝑛2 𝜃
( − + 𝑠𝑒𝑛 𝜃 − )
5 4 8
(
2𝜋
2 2 2 2 2 2
(( + + )) − (( + + )) → 0
15 3 5 15 3 5
3-
1
∫(2𝑥𝑦𝑧 + 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥)𝑑𝑥 + (𝑥 2 𝑧 + 𝑒 𝑦 )𝑑𝑦 + (𝑥 2 𝑦 + ) 𝑑𝑧 ;
𝑧
0≤𝑡≤𝜋→
1
𝐹(𝑥, 𝑦, 𝑧) = (2𝑥𝑦𝑧 + 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥, 𝑥 2 𝑧 + 𝑒 𝑦 , 𝑥 2 𝑦 + ) ;
𝑧
𝑖⃗ 𝑗⃗ 𝑘⃗⃗
𝑖⃗ 𝑗⃗
| 𝑑 𝑑 𝑑 | 𝑑 𝑑
→ 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑧 |→
| | 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑦
1
2𝑥𝑦𝑧 + 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥 𝑥 2𝑧 + 𝑒 𝑦 𝑥 2 𝑦 + 2𝑥𝑦𝑧 + 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥 𝑥 2𝑧 + 𝑒 𝑦
𝑧
𝑑𝑓
= 𝑀 → 𝑑𝑓 = 2𝑥𝑦𝑧 + 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥𝑑𝑥 → ∫ 𝑑𝑓 = ∫ 2𝑥𝑦𝑧 + 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥𝑑𝑥 →
𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑓
𝑓 = − cos(𝑥) + 𝑦𝑧𝑥 2 + 𝐶(𝑦, 𝑧) → = − cos(𝑥) + 𝑦𝑧𝑥 2 + 𝐶(𝑦, 𝑧)𝑑𝑦 →
𝑑𝑦
𝑑𝑓
= 𝑁 → 𝑥 2 𝑧 + 𝑒 𝑦 = 𝑧𝑥 2 + 𝐶 ′ (𝑦) → 𝐶 ′ (𝑦) = 𝑒 𝑦 → 𝐶(𝑦) = 𝑒 𝑦
𝑑𝑦
𝑑𝑓 𝑑𝑓
= − cos(𝑥) + 𝑦𝑧𝑥 2 + 𝐶(𝑦, 𝑧)𝑑𝑧 → =𝑃→
𝑑𝑧 𝑑𝑧
1 1
𝑥 2𝑦 + = 𝑦𝑥 2 + 𝐶 ′ (𝑧) → 𝐶 ′ (𝑧) = → 𝐶(𝑧) = ln|𝑧| →
𝑧 𝑧
𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦, 𝑧) = (− cos(𝑥) + 𝑦𝑧𝑥 2 + 𝑒 𝑦 + ln|𝑧|) →
𝑟(𝑡) = (𝑐𝑜𝑠 3 𝑡, 𝑠𝑒𝑛2 𝑡, (𝑡 + 1)2 ) 0 ≤ 𝑡 ≤ 𝜋 →
𝑟(0) = (1,0,1)
𝑟(𝜋) = (−1,0, 𝜋 2 + 2𝜋 + 1) →
2 2 )𝑑𝑥 2
𝑥2 𝑦2
3
∫(4𝑥𝑦 − 3𝑥 𝑧 + 2𝑥 𝑑𝑦 − 2𝑥 𝑧𝑑𝑧 ; + + 𝑧 2 = 1; 𝑧 ≥ 0 𝑒 𝑦 = 1;
3 4
𝑓 = (4𝑥𝑦 − 3𝑥 2 𝑧 2 , 2𝑥 2 , −2𝑥 3 𝑧) →
𝑥2 𝑦2
𝑧=0→ + =1→
3 4
𝑥 = √3𝑢 →
𝑦 = 2𝑣 →
𝑧=𝑠→
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑣 𝑑𝑠 𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑣
| | √3 0 0 √3 0
𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦
→ | 0 2 0| 0 2 → 𝐽 = 2√3 →
|𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑣 𝑑𝑠 | 𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑣
0 0 1 0 0
𝑑𝑧 𝑑𝑧 𝑑𝑧 𝑑𝑧 𝑑𝑧
𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑣 𝑑𝑠 𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑣
1
𝑢2 + 𝑣 2 + 𝑠 2 = 1 → 𝑠 ≥ 0; 𝑣 = →
2
𝑢2 + 𝑣 2 = 1 →
𝑖⃗ 𝑗⃗ ⃗⃗
𝑘 𝑖⃗ 𝑗⃗
𝑑 𝑑 𝑑 𝑑 𝑑
|| || |→
𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑣 𝑑𝑠 𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑣
8√3𝑢𝑣 − 9𝑢2 𝑠 2 6𝑢2 −6√3𝑢3 𝑠 8√3𝑢𝑣 − 9𝑢2 𝑠 2 6𝑢2
⃗⃗ ) − (8√3𝑢𝑘
→ (−18𝑢2 𝑠𝑗⃗ + 12𝑢𝑘 ⃗⃗ − 18√3𝑢2 𝑠𝑗⃗) →
𝑠 = 0 → 𝑢2 + 𝑣 2 = 1 →
𝑢 = 1𝑠𝑒𝑛𝜑𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 →
𝑣 = 1𝑠𝑒𝑛𝜑𝑠𝑒𝑛𝜃 →
𝑠 = 1𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜑 →
𝑟⃗(𝜑, 𝜃) = (𝑠𝑒𝑛𝜑𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃, 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝜑𝑠𝑒𝑛𝜃, 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜑) →
𝜋
0≤𝜑≤ →
2
1 𝜋 5𝜋
0≤𝑣≤ → ≤𝜃≤
2 3 3
𝑟𝜃 = (−𝑠𝑒𝑛𝜑𝑠𝑒𝑛𝜃, 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝜑𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃, 0) →
𝑖⃗ 𝑗⃗ ⃗⃗
𝑘 𝑖⃗ 𝑗⃗
|𝑟𝜑 𝑋 𝑟𝜃| → | 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜑𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜑𝑠𝑒𝑛𝜃 −𝑠𝑒𝑛𝜑| 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜑𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜑𝑠𝑒𝑛𝜃 →
−𝑠𝑒𝑛𝜑𝑠𝑒𝑛𝜃 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝜑𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 0 −𝑠𝑒𝑛𝜑𝑠𝑒𝑛𝜃 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝜑𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃
⃗⃗ ) − (−𝑠𝑒𝑛𝜑𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜑𝑠𝑒𝑛2 𝜃𝑘
(𝑠𝑒𝑛2 𝜑𝑠𝑒𝑛𝜃𝑗⃗ + 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝜑𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜑𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝜃𝑘 ⃗⃗ − 𝑠𝑒𝑛2 𝜑𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃𝑖⃗) →
2𝜋 𝜋
∫ ∫ 𝑟𝑜𝑡(𝐹). 𝐷𝑠|𝐽| →
0 0
2𝜋 𝜋
2√3 ∫ ∫ (18𝑠𝑒𝑛4 𝜑𝑐𝑜𝑠²𝜃𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜑𝑠𝑒𝑛𝜃(√3 − 1)) + (4𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜑𝑠𝑒𝑛2 𝜑𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃(3 − 2√3) →
0 0
𝜋
∫ (18𝑠𝑒𝑛4 𝜑𝑐𝑜𝑠²𝜃𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜑𝑠𝑒𝑛𝜃(√3 − 1)) + (4𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜑𝑠𝑒𝑛2 𝜑𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃(3 − 2√3)𝑑𝜑 →
0
𝜋 𝜋
4 2
1 5
∫ (18𝑠𝑒𝑛 𝜑𝑐𝑜𝑠²𝜃𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜑𝑠𝑒𝑛𝜃(√3 − 1)) 𝑑𝜑 → 18𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜃𝑠𝑒𝑛𝜃(√3 − 1) ( 𝑠𝑒𝑛 𝜑) →
0 5 0
𝜋 𝜋
2
1 3
∫ (4𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜑𝑠𝑒𝑛 𝜑𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃(3 − 2√3)𝑑𝜑 → (4𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃(3 − 2√3) ( 𝑠𝑒𝑛 𝜑) → 0 →
0 3 0
𝑅=0
5-
𝑧 = √4 − 𝑥 2 − 𝑦 2 → 𝑦 = √4 − 𝑥 2 − 𝑧 2 → 𝑦 = 2 − 𝑥;
𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 + 𝑧 2 = 4 → 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 + (2 − 𝑥)2 = 2 → 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 + 4 − 4𝑥 + 𝑥 2 = 4 →
2
2𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + 𝑦 2 = 0 → (√2𝑥 − 2√2) + 𝑦 2 = 2 →
𝑢
𝑢 = √2𝑥 − 2√2 → 𝑥 = +2→
√2
𝑦=𝑣→
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑦 1 √2
𝐽= ∗ →𝐽= ∗1→𝐽 = →
𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑣 √2 2
𝑢2 + 𝑣 2 = 2 →
𝑢=𝑢→
𝑣=𝑣→
𝑧 =2−𝑢 →
𝑟(𝑢, 𝑣) = (𝑢, 𝑣, 2 − 𝑢) →
𝑟 ′ 𝑢 = (1,0, −1) →
𝑟 ′ 𝑣 = (0,1,0) →
𝑖⃗ ⃗⃗ 𝑖⃗ 𝑗⃗
𝑗⃗ 𝑘
|𝑟𝑢 𝑋 𝑟𝑣| → |1 ⃗⃗ ) − (−𝑖⃗) → |𝑟𝑢 𝑋 𝑟𝑣| = (1,0,1) →
0 −1| 1 0 → (𝑘
0 1 0 0 1
𝑖⃗ 𝑗⃗ ⃗⃗
𝑘 𝑖⃗ 𝑗⃗
𝑑 𝑑 𝑑 | 𝑑 𝑑
| | →→
| 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑧 | 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑦
2𝑥𝑦𝑧 + 2𝑥 𝑥 2𝑦 𝑥 2 𝑧 2𝑥𝑦𝑧 + 2𝑥 𝑥 2𝑦
𝑢2 + 𝑣 2 = 2 →
𝑢 = √2𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 →
𝑣 = √2𝑠𝑒𝑛𝜃 →
𝑑𝑢𝑑𝑣 = 𝑟𝑑𝑟𝑑𝜃 →
0 ≤ 𝑟 ≤ √2; 0 ≤ 𝜃 ≤ 2𝜋 →
2𝜋 √2
∫ ∫ (4√2𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃𝑠𝑒𝑛𝜃 + 4𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝜃𝑠𝑒𝑛𝜃 + 8√2𝑠𝑒𝑛𝜃 + 8𝑠𝑒𝑛𝜃𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃)𝑟𝑑𝑟𝑑𝜃 →
0 0
2𝜋 √2
2
→ ∫ (4√2𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃𝑠𝑒𝑛𝜃 + 4𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜃𝑠𝑒𝑛𝜃 + 8√2𝑠𝑒𝑛𝜃 + 8𝑠𝑒𝑛𝜃𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃)𝑑𝜃 ∫ 𝑟𝑑𝑟 →
0 0
√2 2𝜋
𝑟2
( ) → 1 → ∫ (4√2𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃𝑠𝑒𝑛𝜃 + 4𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝜃𝑠𝑒𝑛𝜃 + 8√2𝑠𝑒𝑛𝜃 + 8𝑠𝑒𝑛𝜃𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃)𝑑𝜃 →
2 0 0
2𝜋
1 1 1
(4√2 𝑠𝑒𝑛2 𝜃 + 4 (− 𝑐𝑜𝑠 3 (𝜃)) − 8√2𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 + 8 𝑠𝑒𝑛2 𝜃) →
2 3 2 0
4 4
((− (𝑐𝑜𝑠 3 (2𝜋)) − 8√2𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝜋) − (− (𝑐𝑜𝑠 3 (0)) − 8√2𝑐𝑜𝑠0)) →
3 3
4 4
((− − 8√2) − (− − 8√2)) → 0
3 3