Enrique Martinez Muñoz

IA194
Maria reina Garcia Robles
Ecuaciones Diferenciales
1)
𝒙𝟐 𝒚’ + 𝐱𝐲 = 𝟏

𝒅𝒚 𝟏 𝟏
+ (𝒚) = 𝟐
𝒅𝒙 𝒙 𝒙

𝒅𝒚
+ 𝒑(𝒙)(𝒚) = 𝑸(𝒙)
𝒅𝒙

𝟏 𝟏
𝑰 = 𝒆𝒑(𝒙)𝒅𝒙 = 𝒆− ∫𝒙𝒅𝒙 = 𝒆−𝑰𝒏(𝒙) = 𝒙−𝟏 =
𝒙

𝟏
𝒆∫ 𝒑(𝒙)𝒅𝒙 = 𝒆∫𝒙𝒅𝒙 = 𝒆𝑰𝒏(𝒙) = 𝒙

𝟏
𝒀𝑯 = (𝑪)( )
𝒙

𝟏 𝟏
𝒚𝒑 = ∫ 𝒅𝒙
𝒙 𝒙

𝟏
𝒚𝒑 = 𝑰𝒏(𝒙)
𝒙

𝒚 = 𝒚𝑯 + 𝒚𝒑

𝟏 𝟏
𝒀=𝒄 𝒙
+ 𝒙 𝑰𝒏 𝒙 Solución General
2)
𝑑𝑦
𝑥 − 𝑦 = 𝑥 2 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥
𝑑𝑥

𝑑𝑦
+ 𝑝(𝑥)𝑦 = 𝑓(𝑥) forma standar
𝑑𝑥

𝑑𝑦 1 𝑥 2 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥
− 𝑦=
𝑑𝑥 𝑥 𝑥

𝑑𝑦 1
− 𝑦 = 𝑥𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥
𝑑𝑥 𝑥

1
𝑃(𝑥) = − 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥
𝑥
1 2 −1
𝑒 ∫ 𝑝(𝑥)𝑑𝑥 = 𝑒 − ∫𝑥𝑑𝑥 = 𝑒 −𝐼𝑛𝑥 = 𝑒 𝐼𝑛𝑥 = 𝑥 −1

𝑑 −1
(𝑥 𝑦) = 𝑥 −1 𝑥𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥
𝑑𝑥

𝑑 −1
(𝑥 𝑦) = 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥
𝑑𝑥

𝑑 −1
∫ (𝑥 𝑦) = ∫ 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑥

(𝑥 −1 𝑦) = ∫ 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑥 𝑑𝑥

𝑥 −1 𝑦 = − cos 𝑥 + 𝑐
𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 𝑐
𝑦=− + y= -xcos (x) + cx
𝑥 −1 𝑥 −1
3)

𝑥 2 𝑦’ + x(x + 2)y = 𝑒 𝑥

𝑑𝑦 1 1
+ (𝑥 + 2)𝑦 = 2 𝑒 𝑥
𝑑𝑥 𝑥 𝑥

1 1 𝑥
𝑃(𝑥) = (𝑥 + 2) 𝑄(𝑥) = 𝑒
𝑥 𝑥2

𝟏 𝟏
𝑰 = 𝒆− ∫ 𝒑(𝒙)𝒅𝒙 = 𝒆− ∫ 𝒅𝒙−𝟐 ∫𝒙𝒅𝒙 = 𝒆−(𝒙)−𝟐(𝒙) = 𝒆−𝒙
𝒙𝟐
𝟏
∫ 𝒅𝒙+𝟐 ∫𝒙𝒅𝒙
𝒆∫ 𝒑(𝒙)𝒅𝒙 =𝒆 = 𝒆𝒙+𝟐(𝒙) = 𝒆𝒙 𝒙𝟐
𝑌𝐻 = (𝐶)(𝑒) ∫ 𝑝(𝑥)𝑑𝑥

𝟏
𝑌𝐻 = (𝑐)(𝑒 −𝑥 ) ( )
𝒙𝟐

𝟏 𝟏 𝒙
𝑦𝑝 = 𝒆−𝒙 ∫ 𝒆𝒙 𝟐
𝒙 𝒆 𝒅𝒙
𝒙𝟐 𝒙𝟐
𝟏
𝑦𝑝 = 𝒆−𝒙 𝟐
∫ 𝒆𝟐𝒙 𝒅𝒙
𝒙
𝟏 𝟏
𝑦𝑝 = 𝒆−𝒙 ∫ 𝒆𝒖
𝒅𝒖
𝒙𝟐 𝟐
𝟏 −𝒙 𝟏 𝟐𝒙
𝑦𝑝 = 𝒆 𝒆
𝟐 𝒙𝟐
𝟏 𝟏 𝒙
𝑦𝑝 = 𝒆
𝟐 𝒙𝟐

𝑦 = 𝑌𝐻 + 𝑦𝑝
𝟏 −𝒙 𝟏 𝟏 𝒙
𝒚=𝒄 𝒆 + 𝒆
𝒙𝟐 𝟐 𝒙𝟐
4)

(2𝑥𝑦 3 − 4𝑦 + 4𝑥 − 3)𝑑𝑥 + (3𝑥 2 𝑦 2 − 4𝑥)𝑑𝑦 = 0

𝑀𝑦 = 6𝑥𝑦 2 − 4 𝑁𝑥 = 6𝑥𝑦 2 − 4
𝑓𝑥 = 2𝑥𝑦 3 − 4𝑦 + 4𝑥 − 3 𝑓𝑦 = 3𝑥 2 𝑦 2 − 4𝑥

∫ 𝑓𝑥 = (2𝑥𝑦 3 − 4𝑦 + 4𝑥 − 3)𝑑𝑥 ∫ 𝑓𝑦 = (3𝑥 2 𝑦 2 − 4𝑥)𝑑𝑦

𝑓 = ∫ 3𝑥 2 𝑦 2 𝑑𝑦 − ∫ 4𝑥𝑑𝑦

𝑓 = 3𝑥 2 ∫ 𝑦 2 𝑑𝑦 − 4𝑥 ∫ 𝑑𝑦

3𝑥 2 𝑦 3
𝑓= − 4𝑥𝑦 + 𝑓(𝑥)
3
𝑓 = 𝑥 2 𝑦 3 − 4𝑥𝑦 + 𝑓(𝑥)

𝑓𝑥 = 2𝑥𝑦 3 − 4𝑦 + 𝑓’(𝑥)
2𝑥𝑦 3 − 4𝑦 + 𝑓’(𝑥) = 2𝑥𝑦 3 − 4𝑦 + 3
𝑓’(𝑥) = 4𝑥 − 3

∫ 𝑓 ’(𝑥) = ∫ 4 𝑥 − ∫ 3 𝑑𝑥

1
𝑓(𝑥) = 4 ∫ 𝑑𝑥 − 3 ∫ 𝑑𝑥
𝑥
4𝑥 2
𝑓(𝑥) = − 3𝑥 + 𝑐
2
𝑓(𝑥) = 2𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 + 𝑐
𝒇 = 𝒙𝟐 𝒚𝟑 − 𝟒𝒙𝒚 + 𝟐𝒙𝟐 − 𝟑 + 𝒄
5)

(−20𝑥𝑦 2 + 6𝑥)𝑑𝑥 + (3𝑦 2 − 20𝑥 2 𝑦)𝑑𝑦 = 0

𝑀𝑦 = −40𝑥𝑦 𝑁𝑥 = −40𝑥𝑦

∫ −20𝑥𝑦 2 + 6𝑥 𝑑𝑥

−20𝑥𝑦 2 6𝑥 2
+ = −10𝑥 2 𝑦 2 + 3𝑥 2 + 𝑦
2 2
−20𝑥𝑦 2 + 𝑦’ = 3𝑦 2 − 20𝑥 2 𝑦

∫ 𝑦’ = ∫ 3𝑦 2 𝑑𝑦

3𝑦 3
𝑦= 𝒚 = 𝒚𝟑 + 𝒄
3
6)

𝑦 𝑦 1 𝑦
(𝑦 − 𝑒 𝑥 ) 𝑑𝑥 + (𝑥 + 𝑒 𝑥 ) 𝑑𝑦 = 0
𝑥2 𝑥
1 𝑦 1
𝑀𝑦 = 1 − 𝑒𝑥 𝑁𝑥 = 1 − 𝑒
𝑥2 1
𝑦 𝑦
𝑦 − 𝑥𝑒 𝑥
2
𝑦 𝑦 𝑦
∫𝑦 − 𝑒 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑥𝑦 + 𝑒 𝑥 + 𝑦
𝑥2
𝑦
𝑒𝑥 1𝑦
𝑦+ + 𝑦’ = x
𝑥 𝑥 𝑥

∫ 𝑦’ = ∫ 0

𝐲=𝟎