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1) 2) 3) 4)
3. A parallel plate capacitor is charged from a cell and then isolate from it. A dielectric slab of
dielectric constant K is now introduced in the region between the plates. Filling half of it. The
electric field intensity in the dielectric is E1 and that in air is E2.
E2 1 E
E1 E1 1 E2 E1 2
E1 E2 K K K 1
1) 2) 3) 4)
4. Two condensers, one capacity C and connected to other C / 2 are connected to a V volt battery, as
shown
0 A 0 A 3 0 A 2 0 A
1) 6d 2) 4d 3) 4d 4) d
6. The capacitors each of capacitance C and of breakdown voltage V are joined in series. The
capacitance and breakdown voltage of the combination will be
C V V C
, 3C , ,3V
1) 3 3 2) 3 3) 3 4) 3C ,3V
7. Four charges equal to -Q are placed at the corners of a square and a charge q is at its centre. If the
system is an equilibrium, the value of q is
Q
1) 1 2 2
4
2)
Q
4
1 2 2 Q
3) 1 2 2
2
4)
Q
2
1 2 2
8. Two identical small conducting spheres carry identical charges. If the spheres are set at certain
distance apart, they repel each other with a force F. A third small conducting sphere, identical to the
other two, but initially uncharged, is then touched to one sphere, and then to the other before
removing it. The force between the original two sphere is now
F F 3F 3F
1) 2) 3) 4)
2 4 4 8
9. Under the influence of the coulomb field of charge +Q, a charge -q is moving in an elliptical orbit.
Find out the correct statement.
1) Linear momentum of the charge-q is conserved
2) Angular velocity of the charge -q is conserved
3) The linear speed of the charge -q is conserved
4) The angular momentum of the charge -q is conserved (about +Q)
10. In the diagram shown the charge +Q is fixed Another charge +2q is projected from a distance R from
1
a fixed charge. Minimum separation between the charges, if the velocity at this moment is of
3
velocity of projection is magnitude (Assume gravity to be absent)
3 R
1) 3R 2) R 3) 4) 4R
2 2
11. A 10.0g block with charge 8 105 C is placed in an electric field E 3 103 iˆ 600 ˆj in N/C. If the
block is released from rest at the origin at t 0, then the X coordinate of the block at t=3s is
1) 100m 2) 102m 3) 107m 4) 108m
12. A non conducting ring of radius R has uniformly distributed charge. A small part of the ring, of
length d, is removed (d<<R). The electric field at the centre of the ring will now be
1) Directed towards the gap, inversely proportional to R3
2) Directed towards the gap. Inversely proportional to R2
3) Directed away the gap, inversely proportional to R3
4) Directed a way the gap, inversely proportional to R3
13. Three point charges +q, -2q and +q are placed at points (x=0, y=a, z=0) (x=0, y=0, z=0) and (x=a,
y=0, z=0), respectively . the magnitude and direction of the electric dipole moment vector of this
charges assembly are
1) 2qa long +y direction
2) 2aq along the line joining points (x=0, y=0, z=0) and (x=a, y=a, z=0)
3) qa along the line joining points (x=0, y=0, z=0) and (x=a, y=a, z=0)
4) 2aq along +x direction
14. An electric dipole of moment p is lying along a uniform electric field E. Work done in rotating the
Dipole by 900 is
pE
1) 2 pE 2) 3) 2 pE 4) pE
2
15. Two infinitely long parallel wires having liner charge densities 1 and 2 respectively are placed at
1
distance R. The force per unit length of the either wire will be K
4 0
2 2
1) k 12 2 2) k 1 2 3) k 1 22 4) k 1 2
R R R R
16. A hollow cylinder has a charge q coulomb with in it. If is the electric flux in unit of voltmeter
associated with the curved surface B , the flux linked with the plane surface A in unit of voltmeter
will be
1 q q q
1) 2) 3) 4)
2 0 2 0 3 0
14. The electric field in a certain region is acting radially outward and is given by E Ar. A charge
contained in a sphere of radius ‘a’ centered at the origin of the field will be given by
1) 4 Aa 2 2) A o A2 3) 4 0 Aa3 4) 0 Aa3
18. Work done by an external force to move a negative charge from point A to point B is 7.00 104 J .
If
Charge was started from rest and had 2.10 104 J of kinetic energy when it reaches B , then
1) VA VB 2) VA VB 3) VA VB 4) VA VB
19. A thin spherical sphere has charge q and radius R. Consider two points A and B such that distance
of A from centre of the sphere is rA rA R and distance of B from centre of the sphere is rB . The
potential difference between A and B is
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
1) 2) 3) 4) Zero
4 0 rA rB 4 0 R rB 4 0 rA R
20. Two spherical condition of radii R1 and R2 are separated ny a distance much larger than the radius
of either sphere. The sphere are connected by a conducting wire in figure. If the charges on the
spheres in equilibrium are q1 and q2 , respectively, what is the ratio of the field at the surfaces of the
spheres?
R2 R22 R1 R12
1) 2) 3) 4)
R1 R12 R2 R22
21. An electric is taken from point A to point B along AB in a uniform electric field to intensity
E 10Vm1 . Side AB=5m, and side BC=3m, Then, the amount of work done on the electron by us is
1 1 2 3
1) 2) 3) 4)
2 4 3 4
23. Two identical particles of mass m and charge q are shot at other from a very great distance with an
initial speed V. The distance of closest approach of these charges is
q3 q2 q2
1) 2) 3) 4) Zero
8 0 mv 2 4 0 mv 2 2 0 mv 2
24. The variation of potential with distance R from the fixed point is shown in figure. The electric field
at R=5m is
0
1) A B 2) A B 3) A B 4) data insufficient
27. n charged drops, each of radius r and charge q. coalesce to from a big drop of radius R and charge Q.
If V is the electric potential and E is the electric field at the surface of a drop, then
2 1 2 2
1) Ebig n Esmall
3
2) Vbig n Vsmall
3
3) Esmall n Ebig
3
4) Vbig n Vsmall
3
28. The charge per unit length of four quadrant of rings is 2 , 2 , and respectively. The
electric field at the centre of the ring is
2 ˆ 2 ˆ
1) iˆ 2) iˆ 3) i 4) i
2 0 R 2 0 R 4 0 R 4 0 R
29. A large this plane sheet has uniform charge density .An electron of mass m and charge e leaves
the surface at point A with speed u and returns to its at point B. Disregard gravity. The maximum
value of AB is
u 2 m 0 u 2 m 0 2u 2 m 0 u 2 me
1) 2) 3) 4)
e 2 e e 0
30. Give an equilateral triangle slide ‘l’. Find E at the centroid. The linear charge density as shown in
figure.
3 3 3 ˆ 3 ˆ 3 ˆ
1) ĵ 2) j 3) j 4) j
0 l 2 0 l 4 0 l 4 0 l
31. Six charges are placed at the vertices of a regular hexagon is shown in figure . the electric field on
the line passing through point ‘O’ and perpendicular to the plane of the fig. at a distance of x(x>0)
from ‘O’ is
1 Qa 1 Qa 1 Qa 1 Q 2a
1) . 3 2) 3) 4)
2 0 x 4 0 x 3
0 x 3
0 x 3
32. Three concentric metallic spheres A, B and C have radii a, b and c(a < b< c) and surface charge
densities on them are , and respectively. The values of VA and VB will be
a2 a2
1) a b c, b c 2) a b c ,
0 0 b c
0 0 a 2 a2
b2
3) a b c, b c
4) c , a b c
b 0 c c 0
33. At a distance r from a point located at origin in space. 1 the electric potential varies as V=10r. Find
the electric field at r 3iˆ 4 ˆj 5kˆ
1)
2 3iˆ 4 ˆj 5kˆ
2) 2 3iˆ 4 ˆj 5kˆ
3) 3 3iˆ 4 ˆj 5kˆ 4) Zero
34. An electric dipole is placed at an angle of 300 with an electric filed intensity 2 105 N / C . I t
experience a torque equal to 4Nm. The charge on the dipole, if the dipole length is 2 cm, is
1) 8 mC 2) 2 mC 3) 5 mC 4) 7 C
35. Four equal charges of magnitude q each are placed corners of a square with its centre at origin and
lying in y-z plane. A fifth charge +Q is moved along x-axis. The electrostatic potential energy (U)
varies on x-axis as
1) 2) 3) 4)
SECTION-B
36. A spherical shell of radius R1 with a uniform charge q has a point charge q0. At its center. Find the
work performed by the electric forces during the she;; expansion form radius R1 to radius R2
q
q q0
2 1 1 qq0 1 1
1) W 2) W
4 0 R1 R2 4 0 R1 R2
1 1
qq0 qq 1 1
2) W 4) W 0
2 0
R1 R2 0 R1 R2
37. A large insulated sphere of radius r charged with Q units electricity is placed in constant with a small
insulated uncharged sphere of radius r. and is then separated . the charge on the smaller sphere will
now be
Q r ' r Q r ' r Qr Qr '
1) 2) 3) 4)
r' r r ' r r ' r
38. Two metal spheres (radii r1, r2 with r1<r2) are very far apart but are connected by a thin wire. If their
combined Charge is Q. then what is their common potential?
kQ kQ kQ kQ
1) 2) 3) 4)
r1 r2 r1 r2 r1 r2 r1r2
39. Variation in potential is maximum if one goes
1) along the line of force 2) Perpendicular to the line of force
3) in any direction 4) None of these
40. There is an infinite straight chain of alternating charges q and -q. The distance between the two
neighbouring charges is equal to a. Find the interaction energy of any charge with all the other
charges.
2q 2 2q 2 log e 2 2q 2 log e 2
1) 2) 3) 4) Zero
4 0 4 0 a 4 o a
41. Variation of electrostatic potential along the x-direction is shown in figure. The correct statement a
bout electric field is
4 4 4 4
44. A capacitor is charged by a battery. The battery is removed and another identical uncharged
capacitor is connected in parallel. The total electrostatic energy of resulting system
1) increase by a factor of 4 2) decrease by a factor of 2
3) remains the same 4) increase by a factor of 2
45. A parallel plate air capacitor of capacitance C is connected to a cell of emf V and then disconnected
from it. A dielectric slab of dielectric constant K, which can just fill the air of the capacitor is now
inserted in it. Which of the following is incorrect.
1) The potential difference between the plates decreases k times
2) The energy stored in the capacitor decreases K times
1 1
3) The charges in energy stored is CV 2 1
2 K
4) The charge on the capacitor is not conserved
46. A glass rod rubbed with fur is used to charge a gold leaf electroscope and the leaves are observed
to diverge. The electroscope disc is then exposed to X rays for short period. Then
1) SThe divergence of leaves is not affected 2) The leaves diverge further
3)The leaves will collapse 4) The leaves will melt
47. A girl brings a positively charged rod near a thin neutral stream of water from a tap. She observed
that the water stream bends towards her. Instead, if she were bring a negatively charged rod near to
the stream, it well
1) Bend in the same direction 2) Bend in the opposite direction
3) Not bend at all 4) Bend in the opposite direction and below the rod
48. Five balls numbered 1 to 5 are checked pairwise. Pair (1,2), (2,3) and (4,1) show electrostatic
attraction while pairs (2,3) and (4,5) show repulsion. Ball 1 must be
1) Positively charged 2) Negativity charged
3) Neutral 4) Either positively charged or negatively charged.
49. The charges are placed as shown
50. Three charges each of value of +q are placed at the corners of an equilateral triangle. A fourth charge
Q is placed at the centre of the triangle. For what value of Q will the system be in equilibrium?
4 3q 4 3q q q
1) Q 2) Q 3) Q 4) Q
9 9 4 4
CHEMISTRY
SECTION-A
51. . X is
1) 2) 3) 4)
52. C2 H5OH SOCl2 x y z in this reaction x, y and z respectively are
Pyridine
A B C
1) CH 3 NC CH 3 NHCH 3 CH 3CO2C2 H 5 2) CH 3CN CH 3CONH 2 CH 3COOH
3) CH 3CN CH 3COOH CH 3CO2C2 H 5 4) CH 3CN CH 3COOH CH 3CO 2 O
56. The compound (B) in the below reaction is C2 H5Cl
KCN
A
H3O
B
1) Ethylene chloride 2) Acetic acid 3) Propionic acid 4) Ethyl cyanide
57. The following is an example of Sandmeyer reaction.
H O/
1) C6 H5 N2 Cl
C6 H5Cl 2) C6 H5 N2 Cl C6 H5OH
CuCl / HCl 2
3) C6 H 5 N 2 Cl C6 H 5 F 4) C6 H5 N2 Cl
C6 H5 I
4 HBF KI / warm
58. Aryl halides are less reactive towards nucleophilic substitution reactions as compared to alkyl halides
due to
1) The formation of less stable carbonium 2) Resonance stabilisation
3) Inductive effect 4) Larger carbon halogen bond
59.
Identify ‘B’.
1) 2)
3) 4)
60. Match the reaction given in Column-I with the names given in Column-II.
Column I Column II
i) a) Fitting reaction
63.
1) 2) 3) 4)
64. .
‘X’ is
1) 2)
3) 4)
65. CH 3 CHBr CH 3
alc . KOH
A
HBr
peroxide
B NaI
acetone
C . C is
CH 3 CH CH 3 CH 3 CH CH 2 I
1) CH3 CH 2CH 2 I 2) | 3) | 4) CH3 CH CHI
I I
66. CH 4
Br2 / hv
A
Na / dry ether
B
Br2 / hv
C
Na / dry ether
D , D is
1) CH3 CH 2 CH 2 CH3 2) CH3 CH 2 O CH 2 CH3
3) CH3 CH CH 3 CH CH 3 CH 3 4) CH3 CH 2 CH3
67. .
Z is
1) 2)
3) 4)
68. Order of nucleophilicity in polar aprotic solvent?
1) I Br Cl F 2) F Cl Br I
3) I Cl Br F 4) F I Br Cl
69. Identify the Z in the following series
C2 H5 I
alc. KOH
X
Br2
Y
Excess of KCN
Z
1) Br CH 2 CH 2 CN 2) CH3 CH 2 CN
3) NC CH 2 CH 2 CN 4) Br CH 2 CH 2 Br
CH 3
|
70. CH 3 C Br
alc . KOH
X
HBr
peroxide
Y , Y is
|
CH 3
CH 3 CH CH 2 Br CH 3 CH CH 2OH
1) | 2) |
CH 3 CH 3
3) CH3 C CH 3 CH 2 4) CH3 CH 2CH 2 CH 2 Br
71.
Z is
1) Toulene 2) Biphenyl 3) 4-chlorotoulene 4) Ethyl benzene
72. Order of nucleophilicity in polar protic solvent?
1) I Br Cl F 2) F Cl Br I
3) I Cl Br F 4) F I Br Cl
73. Which of the following species is most reactive in an S N 2 reaction?
1) CH3CH 2 Cl 2) CH3CH 2 Br 3) CH3CH 2 I 4) CH3CH 2 F
74.
‘Y’ is
1) C6 H 4Cl2 2) C6 H3Cl3 3) C6 H5 C6 H5 4) C6 H 5 C2 H 5
75. CCl4 cannot give precipitate with AgNO3 due to
1) Formation of complex with AgNO3 2) Evolution of gas
3) It does not ionise to give chloride ion 4) Does not give silver ion
76. Methyl halide with highest dipole moment is?
1) CH3 F 2) CH3Cl 3) CH3 Br 4) CH 3 I
77. When a mixture containing PCl3 and PCl5 is heated with ethyl alcohol total of 4 moles of ethyl
chloride is formed. Mole ratio of PCl3 and PCl5 in the mixture is
1) 3 : 1 2) 1 : 1 3) 1 : 3 4) 2 : 1
78. Which of the following is most reactive towards nucleophilic substitution
1) Chlorobenzene 2) 2,4,6 – Trinitrochloro benzene
3) 2, 4 – Dinitro chlorobenzene 4) 2 – nitro chlorobenzene
79. The alkane which gives two isomeric mono chlorides including stereoisomers on photo chemical
chlorination is
1) Ethane 2) Butane 3) Pentane 4) Propane
80. Which of the following compound undergoes replacement of Cl by OH merely warming with aq
NaOH.
1) 2) 3) 4)
81. Assertion: CHCl3 is stored in dark bottles.
Reason: CHCl3 is oxidised in dark.
1) Assertion and reason both are true and the reason is correct explanation of assertion.
2) Assertion and reason both are true but reason is not correct explanation of assertion.
3) Assertion is true but reason is wrong.
4) Assertion and reason both are wrong.
82. Assertion: CH 2 CH CH 2 X is an example of allyl halides.
Reason: These are the compounds in which the halogen atom is bonded to an sp2 hybridised carbon
atom.
1) Assertion and reason both are true and the reason is correct explanation of assertion.
2) Assertion and reason both are true but reason is not correct explanation of assertion.
3) Assertion is true but reason is wrong.
4) Assertion and reason both are wrong.
83. Assertion: CCl4 is a fire extinguisher.
Reason: CCl4 is insoluble in water.
1) Assertion and reason both are true and the reason is correct explanation of assertion.
2) Assertion and reason both are true but reason is not correct explanation of assertion.
3) Assertion is true but reason is wrong.
4) Assertion and reason both are wrong.
84. Identify A and predict the type of reaction.
1) 2)
3) 4)
CH 3 CH 3
| |
87. The major product in the reaction CH 3 C Cl K O C CH 3 ?
| |
CH 3 CH 3
1) t-Butyl ethyl ether 2) 2, 2 – Dimethyl butane
3) 2-Methyl pent-1-ene 4) 2-Methyl prop-1-ene
88. In the given reactions sequence, the major product ‘C’ is
C8 H10
HNO3
H 2 SO4
A
Br2
B
alcoholic
KOH
C
1)
2)
3)
4)
89. In S N 2 reactions, the correct order of reactivity for the following compounds.
CH 3Cl , CH 3CH 2Cl , CH 3 2 CHCl and CH 3 3 CCl is
1) CH 3Cl CH 3 2 CHCl CH 3CH 2Cl CH 3 3 CCl
2) CH 3Cl CH 3CH 2Cl CH 3 2 CHCl CH 3 3 CCl
3) CH 3CH 2Cl CH 3Cl CH 3 2 CHCl CH 3 3 CCl
4) CH 3 2 CHCl CH 3CH 2Cl CH 3Cl CH 3 3 CCl
90. C2 H5 Br
AgCN
X
Re duction
Zn Hg / HCl
Y , Here Y is
1) Ethyl methyl amine 2) n-propylamine
3) Isopropylamine 4) Ethylamine
91. Tertiary alkyl halides are practically inert to substitution by S N 2 mechanism because of
1) Steric hindrance 2) Inductive effect
3) Instability 4) Insolubility
92. The major product formed in the Friedel-Craft acylation of chlorobenzene is
1) 2)
3) 4)
93. The incorrect statement regrading chirality is
1) Enantiomers are superimposable mirror images on each other.
2) A racemic mixture shows zero optical rotation.
3) SN1 reaction yields 1:1 mixture of both enantiomers.
4) The product of obtained by SN2 reaction of haloalkane having chirality at the reactive site shows
inversion of configuration.
94. The correct order of the following compounds showing increasing tendency towards nucleophilic
substitution reaction is
1) (iv) < (iii) < (ii) < (i) 2) (iv) < (i) < (ii) < (iii)
3) (iv) < (i) < (iii) < (ii) 4) (i) < (ii) < (iii) < (iv)
95. In an SN1 reaction on chiral centres there is
1) 100% racemization
2) Inversion more than retention leading to partial racemization.
3) 100% retention
4) 100% inversion
96. Phenyl magnesium bromide reacts with methanol to give
1) A mixture of toluene and Mg(OH)Br 2) A mixture of phenol and Mg(Me)Br
3) A mixture of anisole and Mg(OH)Br 4) A mixture of benzene and Mg(OMe)Br
97. In the following halogenated organic compounds the one with maximum number of chlorine atoms
in its structure is
1) Chloral 2) Gammaxene 3) Chloropicrin 4) Freon-12
98. Which of the following is true about freons?
1) These are chlorofluorocarbon compounds
2) These are chemicals causing skin cancer
3) These are radicles of chlorine and chlorine monoxide
4) All radicles are called freons
99. Chlorobenzene reacts with trichloroacetaldehyde in the presence of H 2 SO4 .
1)
2)
3)
4)
100. Among the following, the molecule with the lowest dipole moment is
1) CHCl3 2) CH 3Cl 3) CH 2Cl2 4) CCl4
BOTANY
SECTION-A
101. What is the function of filiform apparatus in an angiosperm embryo sac?
1) Brings about opening of the pollen tube.
2) Guide the pollen tube into a synergid
3) Prevents entry of more than one pollen tube into a synergid.
4) None of these
102. During microsporogenesis, meiosis occurs in
1) Endothecium 2) Microspore mother cells 3) Microspore tetrads 4) Pollen grains
103. The innermost layer of anther is tapetum whose function is
1) Dehiscence 2) Mechanical 3) Nutrition 4) Protection
104. ______ of the pollen grain divides to form two male gametes.
1) Vegetative cell 2) Generative cell 3) Microspore mother cell 4) None of these
105. What is the function of germ pore?
1) Emergence of radicle 2) Absorption of water for seed germination
3) Germination of pollen tube 4) All of these
106. Male gametophyte in angiosperms is represented by
1) Anther 2) Androecium 3) Microsporangium 4) Pollen grain
107. Coleoptile and coleorhiza are the protective sheaths covering _____ and _____ respectively.
1) Plumule, Epicotyl 2) Radicle, Plumule 3) Plumule, Radicle 4) Radicle, Hypocotyl
108. Megasporangium along with its protective integuments is called
1) Ovary 2) Ovule 3) Funicle 4) Chalaza
109. Monosporic development is referred to as
1) Single megaspore develops into embryo sac.
2) Single megaspore mother cell undergoing meiosis.
3) Presence of single ovule in ovary
4) None of these
110. Typical female gametophyte is
1) 7-celled and 8 nucleated 2) 8-celled and 7 nucleated
3) 7-celled and 6 nucleated 4) 6-celled and 8 nucleated
111. Which of these is a condition that makes flowers invariably autogamous?
1) Dioecy 2) Self-incompatibility 3) Cleistogamy 4) Xenogamy
112. ________ is a type of pollination which is functionally (involving pollinating agent) similar to cross
pollination and genetically (pollen grain comes from same plant) similar to self-pollination.
1) Xenogamy 2) Geitonogamy 3) Autogamy 4) All of these
113. The total number of nuclei involved in double fertilization in angiosperms are
1) Two 2) Three 3) Four 4) Five
114. ______ is not an endospermic seed.
1) Pea 2) Castor 3) Maize 4) Wheat
115. Polyembryony commonly occurs in
1) Banana 2) Tomato 3) Potato 4) Citrus
116. The portion of embryo above the cotyledon is called _______ and below the cotyledon is called is
________ respectively.
1) Epicotyl, Hypocotyl 2) Hypocotyl, Epicotyl
3) Plumule, Radical 4) Radical and Plumule
117. Triploid condition is observed in
1) Egg cell 2) Synergid 3) Antipodals 4) primary endosperm nucleus
118. In a fertilized embryo sac the haploid diploid and triploid structure are
1) Synergid, Zygote and Primary endosperm nucleus
2) Synergid antipodal and Polar nuclei
3) Antipodal, Synergid and Primary endosperm nucleus
4) Antipodal, Polar nuclei and Zygote
119. A female gametophyte develops from
1) Sporogenous tissue of microsporangium 2) Nucellus
3) Pollen mother cell 4) Thalamus
120. The number of chromosomes in the megaspore of an angiosperm is 24. What would be the number
of chromosomes in the cells of its endosperm?
1) 12 2) 24 3) 48 4) 72
121. If the number of chromosomes in the gametes of potato is 24, then what is the chromosome number
in its meiocytes?
1) 12 2) 24 3) 36 4) 48
122. The number of chromosomes in meiocytes of onion is 16. What would be the number of
chromosomes in their microspore mother cells and gametes respectively?
1) 8 and 8 2) 16 and 8 3) 16 and 16 4) 8 and 16
123. The radical and root cap in a seed are enclosed in an undifferentiated sheath called
1) Coleorrhiza 2) Scutellum 3) Coleoptile 4) Epiblast
124. Emasculation is not required when flowers are
1) Self-pollinated 2) Bisexual 3) Unisexual 4) Monoecious
125. Tassels in corncob represent
1) Ovary 2) Anther 3) Filament 4) Stigma and Style
126. The nutritive layer for the developing embryo is
1) Nucellus 2) Tapetum 3) Endosperm 4) Megaspore mother cell
127. The figure below shows five steps (A, B, C, D, E) of embryo development.
Select the option giving correct identification together with what is represents?
182. Though all persons are vulnerable to STD infections but their incidences are reported to be
very high among persons of the age group
1) 25-35 years 2) 15-24 years 3) 5-15 years 4) 40-50 years
183. Match the following.