NALANDA VIDYA NIKETAN,

VIJAYAWADA

INVESTIGATORY
PROJECT REPORT

Name: Akhila
Mokkapati Class: XII-
A1
Roll No: 03
 CERTIFICATE

This is certify that

Cadet Roll.no: has successfully completed the
project work entitled on the
subject laid down in the
regulations of the CBSE for the purpose of Practical
Examination in Class XII to be held in NALANDA
VIDYANIKETAN on .

Internal Examiner

External Examiner
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
It is my pleasure to express my deep
sense of gratitude towards my subject
teacher for the valuable guidance, support
and supervision that are considerably
responsible for helping this project attain
its present form. I wish to acknowledge
my heartfelt thanks to our principal of our
school, my parents and my friends who
helped me to complete the project on
time.
INDEX
AIM:

To study the factor on which the self inductance of

a coil depends by observing the effect of this coil,
when put in series with a resistor (bulb) in a circuit
fed up by an A.C. source of adjustable frequency.

APPARATUS:

A coil of large turns, a.c. source of adjustable

frequency, an electrical bulb, (6V) a.c. ammeter of
suitable range rheostat, a soft iron rod, one way key,
connecting wires etc.
THEORY:
Self inductance is the property of a coil which
opposes the change in current through it. The self
inductance of a coil (long solenoid) is

where Relativemagneticpermeabilityof
magnetic material,

N = Total number of turns in solenoid

A = Area of cross-section of solenoid

l = length of solenoid.
 Hence, the self inductance depends upon:

1. No. of turns (N) , L α N²

2. Geometry of coil,
3. Nature of core material,
Lα µ

When an inductor is connected in series with a

resistor (bulb) with a variable source of frequency,
then current flowing in the bulb is

Where Impedanceofthea.c. circuit. Here,

R = Resistance of the bulb

L = Self inductance of coil

= 2πf = Angular frequency of a.c. source.

The brightness of bulb i.e., Heat generated in the
bulb is

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:
PROCEDURE:
1. Make all connections as shown in the
circuit diagram.

2. Switch on the a.c. supply & adjust the current

in the circuit by using the variable resistor (

Rℎ).3.Recordthecurrentina.c.ammeter&seethe
brightness of the bulb.

4. Now, put the soft iron rod inside the conductor

core & record the current in a.c. ammeter &
again check the brightness of the bulb. The
current & brightness both decrease.

5. Now, switch off the supply & decrease the

frequency of a.c. source (say 50 Hz).
6. Again switch on the supply & adjust the current in
circuit at same constant voltage 6V by using the
rheostat. Note the current in the ammeter &
brightness of the bulb.
The current & brightness both will increase.

7. Again insert the iron rod in the core of the coil &
note the current & brightness. The current &
brightness both decrease.

8. Repeat the steps 5, 6 and 7 for different

frequencies of a.c. source.
OBSERVATIONS:
1. Least count of ammeter = 0.05 A. 2.

Zero error of ammeter = 0 A.

3. Range of ammeter = 0 – 5 A.

FrequencyCurrentin Currentin
ofappliedammeter ammeterwith
voltage withoutiron ironrodin
(Hz) rodincoil(A) coil(A)
1.60 2 1.8
2.50 2.5 2.3
3.40 2.9 2.6
4.30 3.4 3.25
5.20 4.1 4
RESULT:
1. The current in the circuit decreases on
inserting the iron rod in the core of the coil at
constant frequency of applied voltage &
brightness of the bulb decreases & vice-
versa.
2. The current in the circuit increases on
decreasing the frequency of applied voltage &
vice-versa. Therefore, the brightness of the
bulb increases.

PRECAUTIONS:
1. The coil should have a large number
of turns.

2. Current should be passed for a small time

to avoid the heating effect.
SOURCES OF ERRORS:
1. The resistance of the circuit may
increase slightly due to the heating effect of
current.

2. There may be eddy current in the soft

iron coil.