Drilled Shafts Construction Section 7: Piling and Drilled Shafts Construction

7.5.3.5. Consistency
The slump of the concrete shall be within the limits for the respective classes of
concrete. The concrete shall be uniform in consistency and shall contain the minimum
quantity of water required to produce the designated slump. The slump of concrete
mixes will be determined in accordance with the net quantity after proper allowance
AASHTO T 119. The quantity of mixing water in the concrete shall be considered has
been made for absorption by the aggregate. The slump and mixing water content of the
concrete, when placed in the work, shall conform to Table 10.1, Section 10 of these
specifications.

7.5.3.6. Defective Shafts

Correction factor shall be applied for defective shafts using approved methods. A
plan for corrective work shall be submitted for the approval. Corrective action may
consist of, but not limited to, the following:
- Removing the shaft concrete and extending the shaft deeper to compensate for loss
of frictional capacity in the cased zone when temporary casing cannot be removed.
- Providing straddle shafts to compensate for capacity loss.
- Providing a replacement shaft.

7.5.4. Alternative Construction Methods

The Contractor may propose alternative methods to prevent caving and control
groundwater. Such proposals, accompanied by supporting technical data, shall be
submitted in accordance with Artic1e 7.2.2 "Working Drawing", and are subject to the
3035H

approval of the Engineer.

7.5.5. Construction Tolerances

The following construction tolerances shall be maintained in constructing drilled
shafts:
- The drilled shaft shall be within 75 mm of the plan position in the horizontal plane at
the plan elevation for the top of the shaft.
- The vertical alignment of the shaft excavation shall not vary from the plan alignment
by more ,than 20 mm/m of depth.
- After all the shaft concrete is placed, the top of the reinforcing steel cage shall be no
more than 150 mm above and no more than 75 mm below plan position.
- When casing is used, its outside diameter shall not be less than the shaft diameter
shown in the contract documents. When casing is not used, the minimum diameter
of the drilled shaft shall be the diameter shown in the contract documents for
diameters 600 mm or less, and not more than 25 mm less than the diameter shown in
the contract documents for diameters greater than 600 mm.
- The bearing area of bells shall be excavated to the plan bearing area as a minimum.
All other plan dimensions shown for the bells may be varied, when approved, to
accommodate the equipment used.
- The top elevation of the shaft shall be within 25 mm of the plan top of shaft
elevation.
- The bottom of the shaft excavation shall be normal to the axis of the shaft within 60
mm/m of shaft diameter.

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