Dishng ush1nq lesh

.ToLLEN's TE ST
Used to datingsish an aldshgde from ketone.
ktne.

Aldahy da
d tollen's test, whAreas kone does mot
Aldehy gives

evEthanal Popanone
Benzaldahyda Autopheno

2. ToDOFoRM TEST
or
Campounds als o aldehyde
Katome DY

aleo hol
oH
--CHrop or {ea-CH
the mpound having
will gve todo fovm hst.
Undusljud

Paopanal
Copdgive thi
Ethanal
Pentan-2-on Pentan-3-ama st
Be s 2 0 pha
noma

Actophanone
PaOpanol

E fhanol

3.FEHLING TEST Cu3OH

aldshydas ve his test.
Onla aliphatie
Ethanal Ben2aldahq da
Audaldakyda,Bemaldhyd

NEOTRAL Fecd TesT

Violet colour wil ALutial Ecls
Only phenol gives
only
Phenel Ben2oic acid
 sNaH
,4
co TeST
Only Carbexylis acid ives bask efter vescen
of DNPCo as NaH CO3
eq Benzoie acid phenol
nagent
6 Azo DYE TEST
Cnly aoilins e s a2odya kst.
Anili ethyl amina
V Ani lie Al-mihylaniluie
CARBYLAMLNE TEST CCH els t koH)_
Only Paimaag amine gives Carbglamiis test
Foul Small Cwith Chlovotam ikoH
e akal aming Dimlklamina
Fthgl amia4 Taiclllamine
Ethanamina N-ethylahananoine
Anilia SN-malh aniiis
8HINsBERG TEST Essocl rBenana 8uphongleklarde
amin aet Culh HisbengAangastgres ppt, salubla in Koy
2 am
ine Aaaet with PptInsoluble tio k
No Ppt .
3 aminu do not saet
e : DiThkamunu mlhlaminu
N. malh!hanaaui N,N-Dialiu
02
2lhanamina
92,4 -DNP TEST -NHoNo
Oly aldeksds Ketane ves Oaage/galla Pgt u7
i Paopanme ethano
loLuSAS TEST Come. Hcl+ Aphydnaug Zoclz
alcohol do nofgive ppt at Aoom tmpesdl
2 altohol -Ppt_only alten S minuks
3 alohol ve mmaduate P e
Ethanel&ted atlaluhe 2 mad ake ppt
milk PAOpan-2-o sPAopan--o
iomadiak_Ppt_
Ag No Tst
e CH, Br and SH Bv
CHBr tutng th ag.kous Aqalo, wes eleuppfof

r CH Br da net qve ppt

CH and CH Br
CHa em tusng h a Ko AsMoive hik pataf Agcl_
CHBrcm tostng aq-koy gNo, guve qallowppt a?dBr

CH= CH-CH-c 4 C%=CH-e| donotr qe ppt

This wl
give uwh1k ppt otF Aael wilh a4-koH t Ag no
1aHcooH CH cooHformii acdi Aesti asid)
This witt ve olen'sat This wnotIVetolled'sestt
13 Eth mahono ate Ethylelhoneáte.
This n hyduslysis avithCone. Hsoqe diyl alukol+ mahano
whuh give tolles's test.
 Ch: posta orm alon

Molarty , M Me o0
c)
2 MalityM- mass% x qensity x lo

Molan mass ok Solate

3 Molaltyy - W x l0oo
Ma wA C9)

.molefaa hin , Fa nA na MA
ng MB
S. Elwation in B-P AT = ikm =i xH^* Wa leoo
Me WA
4 T-T
6. Depressten in FP 4TiK m i x k e x Wa loo9
Ma
7 Osmotic Prssure, T= i cRT
*RxT
Me m)
Heny's lad P Ka 2 =k, na R= 0o821
8
T Tenmp in Kaia
Perentage dissociatn lassociatin, = r
n-
ch:
dandand em or allveltag
Eall Ecathod EAnod
2 E E-0:05 lo L4 For ging Elctaeds petatinl)

1
Taadta1
Gibb's free tn 4,- n F El (F= USeo C
sStandad Gbbs ean 4G= =nFEa
6Euakbeuy Canstant, Ke Axblog (Eal
0-0s9
 7 Conduilivty k- G R- asistante Gallemslanl-
M=C oncantaatim
kx1oo0
8. Molar Canductivaty A ** or molanilg
M

9 degree of dssociation, Am
C Conuntaaticm

Ka- C
to Dissociation Comstamt,
M=Mola mass

. mass depostid daning F 96Sod

m Zlt - MxTxt t i m e in Sea.

elestaoysa I Cwmrl

tov
22 Chauge mguived
vedaction Or oxidalioy

Lmol

Ch:+
oSTordn ty=0-6?3
Hal bje
Hal .
2. Rate tomstant o orden K- 2303alog LR),
LR

3. Rate tonstant ofgaseous n d K 303 lodR-Ps

A8+c

*303 X8:314x
7 x
4. Ativation tnengg a
T-T

Arrhunus eq 2-3 03x 8.314 xT

 mposTamt Name Teadions wilh One exomp la
Ch:L0
|EiNKELSTEIN REACTION|
Acctone +NaBr
CH + Na I eo CH-I
Bromomlhau Todomthana
2.
Sw ARTZ REACTIO N
CHBr CH F AgB
Bramo mtham
+
AF Fiouromhana
3. WoRTZ REACTiON

2 CH, BT Na ethe CH-CHa t 2NaBr

Brmo mdihane Ethane
FITTIG REACTDN|
2 +2 Na
e the
t2 Na&d
Chlorobeazeu Bipheng
WURTz - FiTTIG1 REACTON
CH3
cl
K+CHelaNa
ethe r +2 Nael
chlorobenz er chlromilhana Tolaene
CH:
66 RIEMER TiEMANN REACTION
OH .CHO
1. NabH ca4)
2. CH Clg #NaOH

pheno 3 Hot Salieglaldahyda

Co-Hdhox*y "benzaldahgda)
1. KoL BEs REACTION
H CooH
1aoH
a4
2. LO2
3. HaoT
Salieglia acid
phenel Co-Hydrory Benzou auid)
 88 WILLIMSON's SYNTHESis

CH-CH- Na + CHC CHC-0-cHt Nacl.

Sodium etho xide chloromilhanu milhoxg Thane
CH: 122
. RoSEN MOND REDUCTiON
-el -H
H-PdBas Hc
Benzoyl chlovida Benzaldahyds
lo.ETARD REA CTION
HO
. C rO2 el2
2. H7
Tolna Benaaldehyde
STEPH EN REDUCTION
SncltH c/ #c/
CH- CEN CH CHO+ NH, t

Ethann nitle Ethana

2 GGATTERMANN KoCH REACTIoN
CHO
+co + Hc Anhydros Alcks +Hel
Ben2en Benzaldayda
13 CLEMMEN SEN REDUCTION
Zn -Hgconc-He C4CH3 + t20
CH-H Etha
Ehanal
REDUCTiON
l4. oLF -

KISHN ER
INH,-NH 2
CH-8-H cH-CH3
2.
kon, thylena glyo
3 Heatt Ethan
Ethan al
COND ENSATION
15| ALDoL
Nao CH-CH-CH-CHO CH-CH eH- CHO
CHH+i-4
But-2-enal

hanal
 t6CANNIZZARD REACTI0N
CHO CooNa
Conc Na OH
2
Soaium Ben ode
Benz alde kyds Beo2gl alohol

17 HVZ REACTION

CH, co H ch lved P CH
co oH +Hel

Aceti actd Chloro aelicaeidL

CH: 13
18. HOFFMANN BROMAMIDE DEGRADATION

CH-N+ Na Br + Ho
9
+Br2 t Na0OH
CH-CNH, Mthanamin
Eihana mide
19. ABRIEL PHTH ALIMIDE SY!THESIS
a2 NaoH
eHI
N- KoH
+ CHNH
plthalimie
C-O Na Nhannia

20CAR BYLAMINE REACToN

CH NC+ kel + H,o
CH-NH + CHctKoH
hilhgl isoeanida
Mathanoaminn

21 SAND MEYERS RE CTion

EN e
CuBrHAY +N,+ HBr
22 ATTER MANN REACTtON
Cu/Ho

2.3DIAZoTI ZATioN HENe