Name : ……………………………………………………………

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Roll No. : ………………………………………………………..
Invigilator’s Signature : ………………………………………..
CS/M.Pharm/SEM-1/MPT-116/2009-10
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2009
BIO-PHARMACEUTICS & PHARMACOKINETICS
Time Allotted : 3 Hours Full Marks : 70
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The figures in the margin indicate full marks.
Candidates are required to give their answers in their own words
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as far as practicable.

GROUP – A
( Objective Type Questions )
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1. Answer any ten of the following : 10 × 1 = 10

i) What is flip-flop phenomena ? When is it observed ?

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ii) What do you mean by lineweaver burk plot ?

iii) Define extraction ratio.

iv) Give one reason for administering large digitalizing dose

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of digoxin to infants suffering from congestive heart

failure.

v) How does renal failure affect protein binding of drugs ?

a c.

vi) Write one disadvantages of Wagner Nebou method in

computing K a .
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CS/M.Pharm/SEM-1/MPT-116/2009-10

vii) Name the specialized barriers to distribution of drugs.

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viii) What are the two methods of calculating K E from
urinary excretion data ?

ix) Why do you understand by hepatic clearance

! ?
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x) Why do neonates, infants and children require large
mg/kg body weight doses than adults ?
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xi) It is safer to administer a drug with a narrow
therapeutic index in small doses at frequent intervals.
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Explain.

xii) What do you mean by absolute bioavailability and

relative bioavailability ?
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GROUP – B
( Short Answer Type Questions )
Answer any three of the following. 3 × 5 = 15
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2. What processes of drug ADME are known to show

non-linearity ? Give examples. Write Michaelis Menten

equation. 5
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3. Discuss the role of animal models in determining in vivo

absorption of drugs from its oral dosage form. 5

a c.

4. What is BE ? Layout a Latin square cross-over diagram for

bioequivalency study on three formulations. A, B and C in six

volunteers. 5
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 CS/M.Pharm/SEM-1/MPT-116/2009-10

5. How can the dose be adjusted on the basis of a drugs half-

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life, in renal failure patients ? 5

6. What is renal clearance ? Discuss the factors affecting renal

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clearance. 5

GROUP – C
( Long Answer Type Questions )
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Answer any three of the following. 3 × 15 = 45

7. What are the advantages of administering drugs by constant

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rate IV infusion ? Derive an equation to calculate K a and K E

by using method of residual. What are the limitations of
method of residual ? 2+9+4
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8. a) With examples, name the various binding sites on
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human serum albumin. What is the influence of protein

binding and displacement interaction on the half-life of
drug ? Derive and explain Scatchard plot.
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b) In a study, the binding of caffeine to borine serum

albumin by the equilibrium dialysis method,
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2·8 " 10 M of albumin was allowed to equilibrate
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with 1 " 10#4 M of caffeine. After equilibrium was

established, 0·7 " 10#4 M of caffeine was contained in
!
the dialysis bag, while 0·3 " 10#4 M of caffeine was
a c.

!
found in the external solution. Calculate π, the ratio of
!
bond to protein. What is the fraction bound, β of
!
caffeine ? 4+2+5+4
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CS/M.Pharm/SEM-1/MPT-116/2009-10

9. a) What is the significance of development of in vitro in vivo

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correlation ? How can you develop in vitro in vivo

correlation in case of solid dosage form ?

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b) Explain enterohepatic cycling of drugs. 2+8+5

10. a) Write short note on Ultrafiltration method for

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measurement of protein binding of drugs.

b) Write short note on Caternary model & mammillary

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model.

c) Explain three factors influencing bioavailability of

drugs.
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d) Determination of elimination rate constant for a patient

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with renal impairment. 15

11. a) What is steady state concentration ? Discuss the factors

which influence steady state concentration.

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b) Derive expressions for the calculation of C ss,!max and

C ss,!min and dosing interval in case of multiple dosing of

a c.

a drug. ! 5 + 10

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