ETHIO NATIONAL SCHOOL

2020 G. C 4TH QUARTER GEOGRAPHY LESSON NOTE FOR GRADE 11

 Dear students: - Reading the following poem and do the given homework on your exercise book!

Subject: Geography Grade & section: 11(A – E)

Unit:
Main topic: Migration
Sub topic/s:
Page range from:

MONDAY, APRIL 20, 2020

Migration
 is a socio-cultural component of population change
 has both +ve and -ve impacts based on its net effect
 Is the movement of people from their home place to another one
 the motives leading to migration in Africa include:
 presence of diverse and multitude natural resource
 prevalence or diverse and wide range of climatic zone
 coincidence of the continents large size
 Pervasiveness of varying economic activities ranging from agriculture to trade:
and existence of divergent level of economic and social development.
Characteristics of African population
 Cultural characteristics Include:
 education
 health
 nutrition
 religion
 Occupation etc.
 Biological characteristic Include :
 race,
 ethnicity,
 sex and
 Age.

Prepared by Mr. Yared T. Attested by Mr. Yimer D. Page 1 of 2

TUESDAY, APRIL 21, 2020
Age structure
Africa is characterized by young population. This can be indicated by the median age.
Median age: is the age dividing the population of a country or continent in to two equal parts with
one half of the age above that age and the other half below it.
 The adverse consequence of high fertility rate results high dependency ratio and low economic
development.
 Africa is the only continent which compress high young population, but very low old age
population
 The demographic structure of a given country (region) is best illustrated by the use of
population pyramids.
 Population pyramids are used to portray the proportion of male and female in different age
groups.
 The predominant nature of young population group in Africa adversely affects the labor
productivity of the people. In other words, as a developing region, Africa's dependency ratio is
very high.
 The major characteristics of African population Include:
 High fertility and mortality rate
 General young population
 Triangular population pyramid indicating the prevalence of high fertility and mortality
 High age dependency ratio and youth dependency ratio and low old dependency ratio;
 low life expectancy ;and
 High population growth ratio
 Sex Structure
It refers to the proportion of male to female in the overall population of a given area.
It is expressed in terms of the number males for every 100 females
The proportion of the two sexes in the population of a region has impact on other demographic
elements such as marriage rate, occupation structure etc.
Homework activities
1, what demographic factors contribute to the high dependency ratio?
2, Explain briefly the correlation between dependency ratio and economic development
3, what are the reasons for the declining trend of death rate both in developed and developing
countries?
4, Explain briefly the socio-economic implication of a high rate of young population of a given
country.
5, how do you define sex ratio?
6, what sort of impact does a high sex ratio have on a given country?
Prepared by Mr. Yared T. Attested by Mr. Yimer D. Page 2 of 2