(continued)

Objects of zoning:
Zoning serves as a main tool to the town planner to
maintain future growth of the town as it was
envisaged originally.
Zoning affords proper co-ordination of various public
amenities.
Zoning makes T.P. scheme effective and successful.
Use zoning
Residential zone
Commercial zone
Industrial zone
Civic zone
Institutional zone
Recreational zone
Height zoning
Cubical contents of the building
Width of streets and other marginal open spaces of buildings
Density zoning
Gross density
Net density
Land use refers to activities on land, which are directly
related to the . Land cover denotes vegetation and
artificial constructions covering the land .
The Canadian Institute of Planners offers a definition that:
use planning means the scientific, aesthetic, and
orderly disposition of land, resources, facilities and services
with a view to securing the physical, economic and social
efficiency, health and well-being of urban and rural
.
Land use pattern in India represents the physical
characteristics of land, the institutional and other
resources framework like labour, capital available.
India-Total land area - 328 million hectares
land utilisation statistics - 93 % (around 306 million
hectares)
Reporting Land and Non-Reporting Land
The land, for which the data on classification of land-
use is available, is regarded as reporting land.

Cultivable Land and Uncultivable Land

According to the available land use statistics, there has
been a slight increase in the net sown area. Almost 28
million hectares have been added over the passing few
decades. Nearly 5 percent of the land falls in the
category of uncultivated land.
Housing is one of the three basic necessities (food, cloth,
home) of life and is thus primary unit of human habitation.
Demand of houses (factors)
Growth of population
Increased urbanisation
Town planning and environmental conditions
Availability of cheap finances
Availability of good construction materials
Availability of skilled labour
Availability of good transport facilities
Availability of well developed plots at reasonable prices
Rate of interest on investment
Government policy to finance housing schemes on easy loans
Climatic conditions
Urban pattern may be defined as the two dimensional
geometrical shape of a city in which the city has grown in
the past.
Major urban patterns
Satellite pattern
Radiocentric pattern
Linear pattern
Star pattern
Ring pattern
Sheet pattern
Satellite pattern
Radiocentric pattern
Linear pattern
Star pattern
Ring pattern
Sheet pattern
Landscaping is an art of planning the drives, walks,
lawns, shrubs, flowerbed, trees, etc. so as to form a
beautiful setting for a building.