Chemistry

Time: 3 Hr Date: 30/12/2023

Class: 12th Marks: 200

1. The hydrogen electrode is dipped in a solution of pH  3 at 25 o C . The potential of the cell would be (the value of 2.303 RT / F is
0.059 V) [KCET 1993,2005]
(a) 0.177 V (b) – 0.177 V
(c) 0.087 V (d) 0.059 V
SOLUTION.
Reduction potential of hydrogen electrode,
2 .303 RT 1
EH  log 
F [H ]
 0.059 pH  0.059  3  0.177 V .

2. The standard electrode potentials of Zn2 / Zn and Ag  / Ag are  0.763 V and  0.799 V respectively. The standard potential of the
cell is [KCET 1993]
(a) 1.56 V (b) 0.036 V
(c) – 1.562 V (d) 0.799 V
SOLUTION.
o
E cell  E cathode
o
 E anode
o
= 0 .799  (0 .763 )  1 .562 V

3. The standard reduction potentials at 298 K for the following half reactions are given against each
Zn 2  (aq.)  2e ⇌ Zn(s) ; – 0.762
3
Cr (aq)  3e ⇌ Cr (s) ; – 0.740

2 H (aq)  2e ⇌ H 2 (g) ; 0.00
3 2
Fe (aq)  e ⇌ Fe (aq) ; 0.770
Which is the strongest reducing agent
[IIT 1981; MP PET/PMT 1988; MP PMT 1989;
MH CET 2001]
(a) Zn(s) (b) Cr (s)
(c) H 2 (g) (d) Fe 2  (aq)
SOLUTION.
More negative is the reduction potential, higher will be the reducing property, i.e. the power to give up electrons.

4. When Zn piece is kept in CuSO 4 solution, the copper get precipitated due to standard potential of zinc is
[CPMT 1999]
(a) > copper (b) < copper
(c) > sulphate (d) < sulphate
SOLUTION.
Standard potential of Zinc < Copper.

5. Which of the following metal does not react with the solution of copper sulphate [CPMT 1999]
(a) Mg (b) Fe
(c) Zn (d) Ag

6. The number of molecules of ATP produced in the lipid metabolism of a molecule of palmitic acid is
[CBSE PMT 1998]
(a) 130 (b) 36
(c) 56 (d) 86
SOLUTION.
130 molecules of ATP produced in the lipid metabolism of a molecule of palmitic acid.
7. Protein can be most easily removed from
[UPSEAT 2000, 02]
(a) Alkanes (b) Alkenes
(c) Alkynes (d) Benzene
SOLUTION.
Protein is insoluble in benzene.

8. The enzyme which hydrolyses triglycerides to fatty acids and glycerol is called [CBSE PMT 2004]
(a) Zymase (b) Pepsin
(c) Maltase (d) Lipase
SOLUTION.
H OH
CH 2 O COR CH 2 OH
| |
CHO COR CHOH
| |
CH 2 O COR CH 2 OH
Glycerol

9. The helical structure of protein is stabilized by

[CBSE PMT 2004]
(a) Ether bonds (b) Peptide bonds
(c) Dipeptide bonds (d) Hydrogen bonds
SOLUTION.
–helix structure is formed when the chain of –amino acid coil as a right handed screw because of the formation
of hydrogen bonds between amide groups of the same peptide chain i.e., NH group in one unit is linked to
carbonyl oxygen of the third unit by hydrogen bonding. This H–bonding is responsible for holding helix in a
position.

10. The cell membranes are mainly composed of

[CBSE PMT 2005]
(a) Carbohydrates (b) Proteins
(c) Phospholipids (d) Fats
SOLUTION.
Three types of chemicals enter the composition of all membranes proteins, lipids and carbohydrates, proteins
content varies from 46–76% lipids 20–53%, while Carbohydrate content is 1–8%

11. A compound of mol. wt. 180 is acetylated to give a compound of mol. wt. 390. The number of amino groups in the
initial compound is [KCET 1996]

(a) 2 (b) 4
(c) 5 (d) 6
SOLUTION.
Difference in mass of compound
= 390 – 180 = 210
wt. of CH 3CO – group is = 43
210
Therefore no. of  NH 2 group =  4 . 88  5 .
43
12. Starting with three different amino acid molecules, how many different tripeptide molecules are formed
[Kerala PMT 1999; KCET 1999]
(a) 12 (b) 9
(c) 8 (d) 6
SOLUTION.
Six type of tripeptide molecules are formed.

13. Which one of the following is a polysaccharide[NDA 1999]

(a) Nylon (b) Amylose
(c) Ribose (d) Polyethylene
SOLUTION.
Amylose is a polysaccharide.

14. Which of the following is not an acidic amino acid

(a) Lysine (b) Arginine
(c) Aspartic acid (d) Histidine
SOLUTION.
Aspartic acid is an amino acid with acidic side chain.
NH 2
HOOC  CH 2  CH
COOH
Lysine, Arginine and Histidine all are basic amino acids.

15. Proteins do not respond to

(a) Biuret test (b) Heller's ring test
(c) Ninhydrin test (d) Lucas test
SOLUTION.
Lucas test is used for the distinction of alcohols.

16. The compound

R1
N  R3
R2

forms nitroso amines when the substituents are

[Roorkee 1999]
(a) R1  CH 3 , R 2  R3  H
(b) R1  R 2  H, R3  C 2 H 5
(c) R1  H, R2  R3  CH 3
(d) R1  CH 3 , R 2  C 2 H 5 , R3  H
SOLUTION.
R1  H and R2  R3  CH 3
R1 H
N  R3  N  CH 3
R2 CH 3

Sec. amine reacts with Nitrous acid to form nitroso amine yellow liquid.
17. The action of nitrous acid on ethyl amine gives
[DPMT 1982; CPMT 1971, 89, 94;
MP PET 1993, 2001; RPMT 1997; Pb. PMT 1999]
(a) Ethane (b) Ammonia
(c) Ethyl acohol (d) Nitroethane
SOLUTION.
CH 3 CH 2 NH 2  HNO 2  CH 3 CH 2 OH  N 2  H 2 O
Ethy l amine Ethy l alcohol

18. Aniline when diazotized in cold and then treated with dimethyl aniline gives a coloured product. Its structure would
be [CBSE PMT 2004]

(a) (CH 3 )2 N NN

(b) (CH 3 )2 N NH

(c) CH 3 NH NN NH CH 3

(d) CH 3 NN NH 2

SOLUTION.

dimethyl aniline

19. Indicate which nitrogen compound amongst the following would undergo Hofmann's reaction (i.e. reaction with Br2
and strong KOH) to furnish the primary amine ( R  NH 2 )
[CBSE PMT 1989]
O O
|| ||
(a) R  C  NH .CH 3 (b) R  C  O.NH 4
O O
|| ||
(c) R  C  NH 2 (d) R  C  NHOH
SOLUTION.
Hofmann degradation of amide
R  CoNH 2  Br2  4 KOH 
 R  NH 2  2 KBr  K 2 CO 3  2 H 2 O
primary amine

20. 3    Intermedia te 

HNO / H SO
2 4

Sn / HCl
Heat

[BHU 1995]
NH2 NH2

(a) (b)
NH2

NH2 NO2

(c) (d)
NH2
NH2

SOLUTION.

 
HNO 3 / H 2SO 4
 
Sn / HCl
Nitrobenzene  Aniline

21. The correct order of basicities of the following compounds is

NH
CH 3  C CH 3  CH 2  NH 2 (CH 3 )2 NH
NH 2
1 2 3
O
||
CH 3  C  NH 2 [IIT-JEE (Screening) 2001]
4
(a) 2  1  3  4 (b) 1  3  2  4
(c) 3  1  2  4 (d) 1  2  3  4
SOLUTION.
The relative basic charecter of 1 o ,2 o and 3o amines also depends upon the nature of the alkyl group.
R Relative basic strength
CH 3 R2 NH  R  NH 2  R3 N  NH 3
C2 H 5 R2 NH  R  NH 2  NH 3  R3 N
CHMe 2 R  NH 2  NH 3  R2 NH  R3 N
CMe 3 NH 3  R  NH 2  R2 NH  R3 N

22. Which of the following would be most reactive towards nitration [AMU 2000; UPSEAT 2002]
(a) Benzene (b) Nitro benzene
(c) Toluene (d) Chloro benzene
SOLUTION.
The nitrogroup is very firmly linked to the benzene nucleus and does not undergo any displacement reaction.
Nitro group deactivates the benzene nucleus.

23. Aniline reacts with acetaldehyde to form

[MHCET 2004; AFMC 2004]
(a) Schiff's base (b) Carbylamine
(c) Immine (d) None of these
SOLUTION.
N=CH–CH3

+H2O
 CH 3  CHO  
Trace of an acid..

Anil or Schiff's base

24. p-chloroaniline and anilinium hydrochloride can be distinguished by [IIT-JEE 1998]

(a) Sandmeyer reaction (b) NaHCO 3
(c) AgNO 3 (d) Carbylamine test
SOLUTION.
(1) With NaHCO 3 

 NaHCO 3  + CO 2  NaCl  H 2 O
Anilinium hydrochloride is an acid salt and liberates CO 2 from NaHCO 3 .
But p-chloro aniline is basic not acidic it does not liberate CO 2 .

(2) With AgNO 3   AgNO 3 

NH 3 NO 2  AgCl  (White ppt)

p-chloro aniline does not contain ionic chlorine to it does not give white ppt with AgNO 3

NO2 X
Sn+HCl
25.

In the above reaction 'X' stands for

[CPMT 1986, 2001; MP PET 1992;

KCET (Engg./Med.) 2000]

(a) NH 2 (b) SnCl 2

(c) Cl (d) NH 4 Cl 

SOLUTION.

+ 6 [H ]  
Sn / HCl
+ 2 H 2O
Nitrobenzene Aniline

26.  CHCl 3  KOH  ?

[BHU 2000; Pb. PMT 2000; Kerala 2003]

(a) Phenyl isocyanide (b) Benzyl amine

(c) Benzyl chloride (d) None of these
SOLUTION.
 C6 H 5  NH 2  CHCl 3  3 KOH 
C6 H 5 NC  3 KCl  3 H 2O
Pheny l Isocy anide

27. The order of basic strength among the following amines in benzene solution is [AIIMS 1991; RPMT 2002]
(a) CH 3 NH 2  (CH 3 )3 N  (CH 3 )2 NH
(b) (CH 3 )2 NH  CH 3 NH 2  (CH 3 )3 N
(c) CH 3 NH 2  (CH 3 )2 NH  (CH 3 )3 N
(d) (CH 3 )3 N  CH 3 NH 2  (CH 3 )2 NH
SOLUTION.
(CH 3 )2 NH  CH 3 NH 2  (CH 3 )3 N
K b  5 .4  10 4 4 .5  10 4 0 .6  10 4

28. The refluxing of (CH 3 )2 NCOCH 3 with acid gives

[KCET 1996]
(a) 2CH 3 NH 2  CH 3COOH
(b) 2CH 3OH  CH 3COOH
(c) (CH 3 )2 NH  CH 3COOH
(d) (CH 3 )2 NCOOH  CH 4
SOLUTION.
(CH 3 )2 NCOCH 3  HCl / H 2 O

(CH 3 )2 NH  CH 3 COOH

29. Order of basicity of ethyl amines is [MP PMT/PET 1988]

(a) Secondary > Primary > Tertiary

(b) Primary > Secondary > Tertiary
(c) Secondary > Tertiary > Primary
(d) Tertiary > Primary > Secondary
SOLUTION.
Order of basicity of amines

(i) 2 o  1o  3 o

(ii) R2 NH  RNH 2  ArCH 2  NH 2  NH 3  ArNH  R 

ArNH 2  ArNH  Ar

30. The following reaction is [KCET 1996]

NO2 NO2 NO2

OH +
+KOH (solid)

OH
 (a) Nucleophilic substitution

(b) Electrophilic substitution

(c) Free radical substitution

(d) None of these

SOLUTION.

OH
 KOH (solid)  heat
+
OH

Because OH is nucleophile.

31. RNH 2 reacts with C6 H 5 SO 2 Cl in aqueous KOH to give a clear solution. On acidification a precipitate is obtained
which is due to the formation of [Roorkee 2000]
H
|
(a) R  N   SO 2 C6 H 5 OH 
|
H

(b) R  N  SO 2 C6 H 5 K 

(c) R  NHSO 2C6 H5

(d) C6 H5 SO 2 NH 2

SOLUTION.
C 6 H 5 SO 2 Cl  RNH 2  RNHSO 2 C 6 H 5  
KOH

RNKSO 2 C6 H 5
soluble in KOH

32. If N and S are present in an organic compound during Lassaigne test, then both changes into [CPMT 1997]
(a) Na2 S and NaCN

(b) NaSCN

(c) Na 2 SO 3 and NaCN

(d) Na2S and NaCNO

SOLUTION.
When sulphur and nitrogen both are present in organic compound during Lassaigne's Test, both changes into
"sodium thiocyanate". (NaSCN) which gives a blood red colouration with Ferric ion.
3 NaCNS  FeCl 3  Fe (CNS )3  3 NaCl
Ferric sulpho cy anide
(Blood red colour)

33. The strongest base among the following is

[AIIMS 2004; BHU 2004]

N
 (a) (b)
N

(c) N (d)
H

SOLUTION.
H
does not have aromaticity by which the
Lone pair of electron of Nitrogen does not
N delocalised in benzene ring so it will be
| strong base on other hand rest 3 have
aromaticity i.e., they follow the huckel
rule so the electron pair of Nitrogen

34. Nitroso amines (R2 N  N  O) are soluble in water. On heating them with concentrated H 2 SO 4 they give secondary amines.
The reaction is called [AFMC 1998; AIIMS 1998; BHU 2002]
(a) Perkin's reaction
(b) Fittig's reaction
(c) Sandmeyer's reaction
(d) Liebermann's nitroso reaction
SOLUTION.
Liebermann’s Nitroso reaction.

35. A primary amine is formed an amide by the treatment of bromine and alkali. The primary amine has : [BHU
2004]
(a) 1 carbon atom less than amide
(b) 1 carbon atom more than amide
(c) 1 hydrogen atom less than amide
(d) 1 hydrogen atom more than amide
SOLUTION.
CH 3 CONH 2  Br2  4 KOH  
2H O 2
(Acetamide)

CH 3 NH 2  2 KBr  2 K 2 CO 3
(Methy lamine)
 CH 3 MgBr
36. Ethyl ester   P . The product P will be
excess
[IIT-JEE 2003]
CH3
(a) (b)

(c) (d)

SOLUTION.

O :O– OC2H5
R CH 3 MgBr 
R CH3
O
R
C CH 3

XMgO CH3 OH CH3

R CH3 R CH3

37. Hydrogenation of C6 H 5 CHOH  COOH over Rh  Al 2 O3 catalyst in methanol gives

[Roorkee Qualifying 1998]

(a) C6 H 5 CH 2 COOH (b) C6 H 11 CHOHCOOH

(c) C6 H 5 CHOHCH 2 OH (d) C6 H11 CH 2 COOH

SOLUTION.
CHOHCOOH CHOHCOOH

+ 3H2

38. Which of the following has the most acidic proton

[Roorkee Qualifying 1998]

(a) CH 3 COCH 3 (b) (CH 3 )2 C  CH 2

 (c) CH 3 COCH 2 COCH 3 (d) (CH 3CO)3 CH

SOLUTION.
CH 3 CO
C
H So most acidic in nature.
CH 3 CO
OCCH
3

39. In the anion HCOO  the two carbon-oxygen bonds are found to be of equal length. What is the reason for it
(a) Electronic orbitals of carbon atom are hybridised

(b) The C = O bond is weaker than the C – O bond

(c) The anion HCOO  has two resonating structures

(d) The anion is obtained by removal of a proton form the acid molecule

SOLUTION.
Anion HCOO  has two resonating structure (identical).
O O
|| |

H  C O  H  C  O

40. An organic compound of molecular formula C4 H10 O does not react with sodium. With excess of HI, it gives only one
type of alkyl halide. The compound is [SCRA 2001]
(a) Ethoxyethane (b) 2-Methoxypropane

(c) 1-Methoxypropane (d) 1-Butanol

SOLUTION.
Since a single alkyl halide is formed on treatment with HI, it must be a symmetrical ether i.e., ethoxyethane.
C 2 H 5 OC 2 H 5  2 HI  2C 2 H 5 I  H 2 O

41. When CH 2  CH  COOH is reduced with LiAlH 4 , the compound obtained will be [AIEEE 2003]

(a) CH 3  CH 2  COOH (b) CH 2  CH  CH 2 OH

(c) CH 3  CH 2  CH 2OH (d) CH 3  CH 2  CHO

SOLUTION.
CH 2  CH  COOH  
LiAlH 4

CH 2  CH  CH 2 OH  H 2 O

42. In a set of the given reactions, acetic acid yielded a product C

CH 3 COOH  PCl 5  A C
6
H6
 B C
2 H C .
5 MgBr
anh . AlCl 3 ether

Product C would be [CBSE PMT 2003]

 C2 H 5
|
(a) CH 3  C(OH )C6 H 5 (b) CH 3 CH (OH )C2 H 5

(c) CH 3 COC 6 H5 (d) CH 3 CH (OH )C6 H 5

SOLUTION.
CH 3 COOH  PCl 5  CH 3 COCl  
C6 H 6
anh . AlCl 3

C2 H 5
|
CH 3 COC 6 H 5   CH 3  C (OH ) C6 H 5
C2 H 5 MgBr
Ether

43. Carboxylic acids are more acidic than phenol and alcohol because of [Tamil Nadu CET 2001]
(a) Intermolecular hydrogen bonding

(b) Formation of dimers

(c) Highly acidic hydrogen

(d) Resonance stabilization of their conjugate base

SOLUTION.
Resonance stabilization of their conjugate base i.e., carboxylate ion.

44. R  CH 2  CH 2 OH can be converted into RCH 2 CH 2 COOH . The correct sequence of the reagents is
[AIIMS 1997]

(a) PBr 3 , KCN , H 3 O  (b) PBr3 , KCN , H 2

(c) HCN , PBr 3 , H  (d) KCN , H 

SOLUTION.
R  CH 2 CH 2 OH   R  CH 2 CH 2  Br
PBr3


  R  CH 2  CH 2  CN 
KCN

H 3O

R  CH 2  CH 2 COOH  NH 3

45. When propionic acid is treated with aqueous sodium bicarbonate CO 2 is liberated. The ‘C’ of CO 2 comes from
[IIT-JEE (Screening) 1999]

(a) Methyl group (b) Carboxylic acid group

(c) Methylene group (d) Bicarbonate

SOLUTION.
CH 3 CH 2 COOH (aq)  NaHCO 3 (aq) 
Propionic acid sod. bicarbonat e

CH 3 CH 2 COONa  CO 2  H 2 O

46. Benzoyl chloride is prepared from benzoic acid by

[IIT-JEE (Screening) 2000]

(a) Cl2 , hv (b) SO 2Cl 2

 (c) SOCl 2 (d) Cl2 , H 2O

SOLUTION.
COOH COCl

Benzoic acid Benzoyl chloride

47. Identify the correct order of boiling points of the following compounds
CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 OH , CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 CHO , CH 3 CH 2CH 2COOH [IIT-JEE (Screening) 2002]
(1) (2) (3 )

(a) 1  2  3 (b) 3  1  2

(c) 1  3  2 (d) 3  2  1

SOLUTION.
–COOH and –OH group form the hydrogen bond by which they have high boiling point. –COOH group show strong
hydrogen bonding so it form dimer and have more boiling point than –OH group. While –CHO group do not form
hydrogen bond. Thus the reactivity order are as 3 > 1 > 2.

48. The compound not soluble in acetic acid is

[UPSEAT 2003; IIT-JEE 1986]

(a) CaCO 3 (b) CaO

(c) CaC 2O4 (d) Ca(OH )2

SOLUTION.
CaC 2 O4 is a salt of oxalic acid which is more acidic than acetic acid, so it is insoluble in acetic acid.

49. The ortho/para directing group among the following is

[AIIMS 2003]

(a) COOH (b) CN

(c) COCH 3 (d) NHCOCH 3

SOLUTION.
O
||
–COOH and COCH 3 are meta directing group due to the presence of  C  , similarly CN is also meta directing due to
the presence of multiple bond while NHCOCH 3 is ortho/para directing group because of

O
||
less electron density over  C  group.
50. Iodoform test is not given by [BHU 1995]
(a) Acetone (b) Ethyl alcohol

(c) Acetic acid (d) None of these

SOLUTION.
Iodoform test is given by all the compounds having CH 3  C  or CH 3  C  group.
|| |

O OH

51. Which of the following will fail to react with potassium dichromate and dilute sulphuric acid
(a) Ethyl alcohol (ethanol)
(b) Acetaldehyde (ethanal)
(c) Secondary propyl alcohol (2-propanol)
(d) Acetone (propanone)
SOLUTION.
Acetone oxidise by K 2 Cr2 O7 & conc. H 2 SO 4 into carboxylic acid. It is not oxidised by dilute H 2 SO 4 .

52. Acetone and acetaldehyde are differentiated by

[CPMT 1987, 93]
(a) NaOH  I2 (b) Ag (NH 3 )2

(c) HNO2 (d) I2

SOLUTION.
Acetaldehyde react with tollen's reagent while ketone do not react with tollen's reagent.

53. Which of the following will react with water [IIT 1998]
(a) CHCl 3 (b) Cl 3 CCHO
(c) CCl 4 (d) ClCH 2 CH 2 Cl
SOLUTION.
CCl 3  CHO  H 2 O  CCl 3 .CHO .H 2O 
(Chloral hy drate )

OH
CCl 3 .CH
OH

54. An organic compound ‘A’ has the molecular formula C3 H 6 O, it undergoes iodoform test. When saturated with dil.
HCl is gives ‘B’ of molecular formula C9 H14 O . A and B respectively are [Tamil Nadu CET 2002]

(a) Propanal and mesitylene

(b) Propanone and mesityl oxide
(c) Propanone and 2,6–dimethyl –2, 5-heptadien–4–one
(d) Propanone and mesitylene oxide
SOLUTION.
The compound A with formula C3 H 6 O gives iodoform test, it is propanone forms a compound B having carbon
atoms three times, the number of carbon atoms in propanone, it is 2, 6-dimethyl-2, 5-heptadien-4-one.

55. Which alkene is formed from the following reaction CH 3 CH 2 CH 2CH  PPh3  2  Butanone [Manipal 2001]
 (a) 3- Methyl-3-heptene
(b) 4-Methyl-3-heptene
(c) 5-Methyl-3-heptene
(d) 1-Methyl-5- methane
SOLUTION.
CH 3
|
CH 3 CH 2  C  O  CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 CH  PPh3
2  Butanone

CH 3
|
 CH 3 CH 2 C  CHCH 2CH 2CH 3  Ph3 PO
3  methy l, 3  heptene

56. Compound ‘A’ (molecular formula C3 H8 O) is treated with acidified potassium dichromate to form a product ‘B’
(molecular formula C 3 H 6 O). ‘B’ forms a shining silver mirror on warming with ammoniacal silver nitrate. ‘B’ when
treated with an aqueous solution of H2 NCONHNH 2 .HCl and sodium acetate gives a product ‘C’. Identify the structure
of ‘C’ [IIT-JEE (Screening) 2002]

(a) CH 3CH 2CH  NNHCONH 2

(b) CH 3  CH  NNH CONH 2
|
CH 3
(c) CH 3 CH  NCO NHNH 2
|
CH 3
(d) CH 3CH 2CH  NCONHNH 2
SOLUTION.
CH 3  CH 2  CH 2OH  CH 3  CH 2  CHO
[O ]

(A) (B)

H
|
CH 3  CH 2  C  O  H 2 NNHCONH 2 
HCl

CH 3CH 2CH  N  NHCONH 2

57. Which is not true about acetophenone [Manipal 2002]

(a) Reacts to form 2, 4-dinitorphenyl hydrazine
(b) Reacts with Tollen’s reagent to form silver mirror
(c) Reacts with I2 / NaOH to form iodoform
(d) On oxidation with alkaline KMnO 4 followed by hydrolysis gives benzoic acid
SOLUTION.
Acetophenone is a ketone and does not react with Tollen’s reagent to give silver mirror.

58. The enol form of acetone, after treatment with D2 O, gives

[IIT-JEE (Screening) 1999]
OD O
| ||
(a) CH 3  C  CH 2 (b) CD 3  C  CD 3
OH OD
| |
(c) CH 2  C  CH 2 D (d) CD 2  C  CD
SOLUTION.
 O  OH 
||  | 
CH 3  C  CH 3 CH 3  C  CH 2  ⇌
Acetone (ketoform )  enol form 
 
OD O
| ||
CH 3  C  CH 2 ⇌ CH 3  C  CH 2 D
OH OD
| |
CH 2  C  CH 2 D D2O
CH 2  C  CH 2 D ⇌
O O
|| ||
DCH 2  C  CH 2 D ⇌ D3 C  C  CD3

The enol form of acetone on treatment with D2O undergoes enolisation, deutration (addition of D2O ) and
dehydration (removal of H 2 O ). The repeated enolisation, deutration and dehydration ultimately gives
CD3 . COCD3 (B) .

59. The appropriate reagent for the transformation

O

H H
[IIT-JEE (Screening) 2000]

(a) Zn(Hg), HCl (b) NH 2 NH 2 OH

(c) H 2 / Ni (d) NaBH 4

SOLUTION.
Both Zn(Hg), HCl and NH 2 NH 2 , OH  can reduce COCH 3 group to CH 2  CH 3 group, but HCl will also bring
about dehydration of alcohol to form alkene. Therefore, appropriate reagent for the conversion is NH 2 NH 2 , OH 
.

60. Which of the following has the most acidic hydrogen

[IIT-JEE (Screening) 2000]
(a) 3-hexanone (b) 2, 4-hexanedione
(c) 2, 5-hexanedione (d) 2, 3-hexanedione
SOLUTION.
2, 4-hexanedione (a 1, 3-diketone) has the most acidic hydrogen. This is because the carbanion left after the removal
of H  is resonance stabilised in this case.
O O
|| || 
CH 3  C  CH 2  C  CH 2 CH 3 
OH

2, 4  Hexanedion e H 2O

O O
||  ||
CH 3  C  C H  C  CH 2 CH 3
O O
||  ||
CH 3  C  C H  C  CH 2 CH 3

O O
| ||
 CH 3  C  CH  C  CH 2CH 3
 O O
|| |
 CH 3  C  CH  C  CH 2CH 3

61. Which of the following will be most readily dehydrated in acidic conditions [IIT-JEE (Screening) 2000]

(a) O (b)
O O
O O
(c) (d)

OH OH

SOLUTION.
Aldols (-hydroxy aldehydes or -hydroxyketones) readily undergo dehydration to form , -unsaturated
aldehydes or ketones.

O OH O

-Hydroxyketone O
(A)

CHO
62.

CHO

Major Product is [IIT-JEE (Screening) 2003]

COOH

(a)
COOH
HO
HO

(b)

COOH

O
O

(c)

O
O

CH2OH
 (d)

SOLUTION.
CHO CHO

CHO CHO

CHO
COOH

COOH

63. Among the given compounds, the most susceptible to nucleophilic attack at the carbonyl group is [IIT 1997]

(a) MeCOCl (b) MeCHO

(c) MeCOOMe (d) MeCOOCOMe
SOLUTION.
Amongst aldehyde & the acid derivatives, acid chloride are the most susceptible to nucleophilic attack due to
strong –I effect & weak +R effect of the Cl-atom as a result of which carbonyl carbon has the highest electron
deficiency. The actual order is
MeCOCl >MeCOOCOMe >MeCOOMe >MeCHO.

64. Which of the following will give yellow precipitate with I2 / NaOH [IIT 1997]

(a) ICH 2COCH 2CH 3

(b) CH 3 COOCOCH 3
(c) CH 3 CONH 2
(d) CH 3 CH (OH )CH 2 CH 3
SOLUTION.
ICH 2COCH 2CH 3    CHI3  CH 3CH 2COONa
I2 / NaOH

CH 3  CH  CH 2 CH 3 

I2
CH 3CH 2COONa  CHI3
| NaOH
OH

65. The product of acid hydrolysis of P and Q can be distinguished by [IIT-JEE (Screening) 2003]

Q=
 (a) Lucas Reagent (b) 2,4-DNP
(c) Fehling’s Solution (d) NaHSO 3
SOLUTION.
O
OH
H 2O / H 
P 
 H 2 C H3C

Q  
H 2O / H
 H 3 C
OH ⇌
CHO
Ketone (non-reducing) and aldehyde (reducing) can be distinguished by Fehling solution.

66. On vigorous oxidation by permanganate solution (CH 3 )2 C  CH  CH 2CH 2CH 3 gives [AIEEE 2002]

OH OH
| |
(a) CH 3  C  CH  CH 2 CH 3
|
CH 3
CH 3
(b) CHCO 2 H  CH 3 COOH
CH 3
CH 3
(c) CHOH  CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 OH
CH 3
CH 3
(d) C  O  CH 3 CH 2 COOH
CH 3
SOLUTION.
CH 3
C  CHCH 2 CH 2 CH 3   
4 KMnO
CH 3

CH 3
C  O  HOOCCH 2 CH 3
CH 3

67. Which of the following reactions give benzo phenone

[Roorkee Qualifying 1998]

(a) 2C6 H 6  CCl 4  (i) AlCl 3

(ii) H 2 O

(b) C6 H 6  C6 H 5 COCl  

AlCl 3

(c) o  CH 3 C 6 H 4 COC 6 H 5  
Heat

(d) o  HOOC  C 6 H 4  COC 6 H 5 


Cu
o
260 C

SOLUTION.

COC 6 H 5
 C6 H 5 COCl  

AlCl 3

COOH
 COC 6 H 5 COC 6 H 5


Cu
 CO 2
260 o C

68. Aldehyde and ketones can decolourize by [CPMT 2003]

(a) Bromine water (b) Quick lime
(c) dil. H2SO 4 (d) None of these
SOLUTION.
Aldehyde & ketone are colourless & stable compound

69. Which of the following statements regarding chemical properties of acetophenone are wrong
(1) It is reduced to methyl phenyl carbinol by sodium and ethanol
(2) It is oxidised to benzoic acid with acidified KMnO 4
(3) It does not undergo iodoform electrophilic substitution like nitration at meta position
(4) It does not undergo iodoform reaction with iodine and alkali [Tamil Nadu CET 2001]
(a) 1 and 2 (b) 2 and 4
(c) 3 and 4 (d) 1 and 3
SOLUTION.
It undergoes electrophilic substitution at m-position and also gives iodoform test.

70. The product(s) obtained via oxymercuration (HgSO 4  H 2 SO 4 ) of 1-butyne would be [IIT-JEE 1999]

(a) CH 3 CH 2 COCH 3
(b) CH 3 CH 2 CH 2CHO
(c) CH 3 CH 2 CHO  HCHO
(d) CH 3 CH 2 COOH  HCOOH
SOLUTION.
CH 3  CH 2  C  CH  H 2 O 
But 1  y ne

 OH 
 |  keto - enol
 CH 3  CH 2  C  CH 2  
  tautomeris m
 

O
||
CH 3  CH 2  C  CH 3
Butan  2  one

71. Which will undergo a Friedel-Craft's alkylation reaction

[Pb. PMT 1998]
CH3 CH2CH3 COOH OH

1 2 3 4

(a) 1, 2 and 4 (b) 1 and 3

(c) 2 and 4 (d) 1 and 2
SOLUTION.
CH2CH3 OH

or will undergoes a Friedel Craft’s

alkylation on ortho or para position because of more electron density.

72. The product ‘A’ in the following reaction is

H 2 C — CH 2
  A
RMgI
[MP PMT 2003]
O
(a) RCHOHR (b) RCHOH  CH 3
R
(c) R  CH 2  CH 2  OH (d) CHCH 2 OH
R
SOLUTION.
CH 2  CH 2  RMgI  C H 2  CH 2  R  
HOH

|
OMgI
MgI(OH )  R  CH 2  CH 2  OH

73. Glycerol boils at 290 o C with slight decomposition. Impure glycerine can be purified by [CPMT 1983, 94]
(a) Steam distillation (b) Simple distillation

(c) Vacuum distillation (d) Extractionwith a solvent

SOLUTION.
The liquids which decompose at its boiling point can be purified by vacuum distillation. Glycerol which
decomposes at its boiling point (–563K) can be distilled without decomposition at 453K under 12mm Hg
pressure.

74. Phenol   B 

NaNO 2 / H 2SO 4
C 
H 2O
 D
NaOH

Name of the above reaction is [KCET 2003]

(a) Liebermann’s reaction

(b) Phthalein fusion test

(c) Reimer-Tiemann reaction

(d) Schottenf-Baumann reaction

SOLUTION.
Liebermann’s reaction.

75. The correct order of boiling point for primary (1 o ), secondary (2 o ) and tertiary (3 o ) alcohols is
[CPMT 1999; RPMT 2002]

(a) 1o  2 o  3 o (b) 3 o  2 o  1o

(c) 2 o  1o  3 o (d) 2 o  3 o  1o

SOLUTION.
 1o alcohol  2 o alcohol  3 o alcohol
Boiling point of alcohols decreases as the number of branches increases.

76. What will be the products of reaction if methoxybenzene reacts with HI

(a) Methyl alcohol (methanol) + iodobenzene

(b) Methyl iodide (iodomethane) + benzene

(c) Methyle iodide + phenol

(d) Methyl iodide + iodobenzene

SOLUTION.
O-CH3 OH

 HI   CH 3 I

77. Ethylene reacts with Baeyer's reagent to give[CPMT 1988]

(a) Ethane (b) Ethyl alcohol

(c) Ethylene glycol (d) None of these

SOLUTION.
3CH 2  CH 2  2 KMnO 4  4 H 2 O 
CH 2  OH
3 |  2 KMnO 2  2 KOH
CH 2  OH
Gly col

78. Which of the following statements is correct regarding case of dehydration in alcohols
[CPMT 1980, 85; MP PMT 2001; BHU 2002]

(a) Primary > Secondary (b) Secondary > Tertiary

(c) Tertiary > Primary (d) None of these

SOLUTION.
Correct order of dehydration in alcohols 3° > 2° > 1°.

79. Oxiran is
(a) Ethylene oxide (b) Diethyl ether

(c) Ethyl glycolate (d) Glycolic ester

SOLUTION.
Oxiran is ethylene oxide, CH 2  CH 2
O

80. Propan-1-ol can be prepared from propene by alcohol

[AIIMS 2003]
 (a) H 2 O / H 2 SO 4

(b) Hg(OAc )2 / H 2 O followed by NaBH 4

(c) B2 H 6 followed by H 2 O 2

(d) CH 3 CO 2 H / H 2 SO 4

SOLUTION.
6 CH 3  CH  CH 2  B 2 H 6  

H 2O2

CH 3  CH 2  CH 2 OH

81. Distinction between primary, secondary and tertiary alcohol is done by [MP PMT/PET 1988; RPMT 2000]
(a) Oxidation method

(b) Lucas test

(c) Victor Meyer method

(d) All of these

SOLUTION.
Distinction between primary, secondary and tertiary alcohol is done by all three methods : oxidation, Victormeyer
and Lucas test.

82. Oxidation of which of the following by air in presence of vanadium pentoxide gives phenol
(a) Toluene (b) Benzene

(c) Benzaldehyde (d) Phenyl acetic acid

OH
SOLUTION.

  
O 2 , air
V2 O5

83. The most suitable method of the separation of a 1 : 1 mixture of ortho and para nitrophenols is
[CBSE PMT 1994, 99; CPMT 1997]

(a) Distillation (b) Sublimation

(c) Crystallization (d) Chromatography

SOLUTION.
o- and p-nitrophenols are separated by steam distillation because o-nitrophenol is steam volatile while p-isomer is
not.

84. Which of the following does not form phenol or phenoxide

[AFMC 2000]
(a) C6 H 5 Cl (b) C6 H 5 COOH
(c) C6 H 5 N 2 Cl (d) C6 H 5 SO 3 Na
SOLUTION.
Benzoic acid.
85. Which of the following will be obtained by keeping ether in contact with air for a long time [RPMT 2003]
(a) C2 H 5  O  CH (CH 3 )  O  OH
(b) C2 H 5  OCH 2  OH
(c) C2 H 5  O  C2 H 5 OH
(d) CH 3  O CH (CH 3 )  O  OH
SOLUTION.
R  O  R ' 2 
O / light

C2 H5  O  CH (CH 3 )  O  OH

86. When a mixture of ethanol and methanol is heated in the presence of concentrated H 2 SO 4 the resulting organic
product or products is/are [Manipal MEE 1995]
(a) CH 3 OC 2 H 5
(b) CH 3 OCH 3 and C 2 H 5 OC 2 H 5
(c) CH 3 OC 2 H 5 and CH 3 OCH 3
(d) CH 3 OC 2 H 5 , CH 3 OCH 3 and C 2 H 5 OC 2 H 5
SOLUTION.
CH 3 OH  CH 3 OH 2  CH 3 OCH 3
4 H SO (Conc )

CH 3 OH  C2 H 5 OH 24 CH 3 OC2 H 5
H SO (Conc )

C2 H 5 OH  C2 H 5 OH 24 C2 H 5 OC2 H 5
H SO (Conc )

87. In the following groups

OAc OMe OSO 2 Me OSO 2 CF3
I II III IV
The order of leaving group ability is [IIT 1997]
(a) I > II > III > IV
(b) IV > III > I > II
(c) III > II > I > IV
(d) II > III > IV > I
SOLUTION.
IV > III > I > II.

88. Epoxides are

(a) Cyclic ethers
(b) Not ethers
(c) Aryl-alkyl ethers
(d) Ethers with another functional group
SOLUTION.
CH 2  CH 2
Cyclic ethers are called epoxides.
O

89. The reaction of CH 3 CH  CH OH

with HBr gives [IIT-JEE 1998]
 (a) CH 3 CHBrCH 2 OH

(b) CH 3 CH 2 CHBr OH

(c) CH 3 CHBrCH 2 Br

(d) CH 3 CH 2 CHBr Br
SOLUTION.
CH 3  CH  CH OH 
HBr

CH 3  CH 2  CH OH
|
Br

90. Which of the following compounds on boiling with KMnO 4 (alk.) and subsequent acidification will not give benzoic acid
[KCET 2001]
(a) Benzyl alcohol (b) Acetophenone
(c) Anisole (d) Toluene
SOLUTION.

OCH 3 on KMnO 4 oxidation does not give benzoic acid.

91. Among the following, the molecule with the highest dipole moment is [IIT-JEE (Screening) 2003]
(a) CH 3 Cl (b) CH 2 Cl 2
(c) CHCl 3 (d) CCl 4
SOLUTION.
CH 3 Cl have one Cl atom which is more electronegative so it will have highest dipole moment.

92. When CHCl3 is boiled with NaOH, It gives

[Orissa JEE 2003]
(a) Formic acid (b) Trihydroxy methane
(c) Acetylene (d) Sodium formate
SOLUTION. OH
CHCl 3  3 NaOH (aq.)  CH OH
OH
Unstable

93. The hybridization state of carbon atoms in the product formed by the reaction of ethyl chloride with aqueous potassium hydroxide is
[EAMCET 1997]
(a) sp (b) sp 2
(c) sp 3 (d) sp 3 d
SOLUTION.
sp 3 sp 3
CH 3  CH 2  Cl  KOH  CH 3  CH 2  OH  KCl
(aq) Ethy l alcohol

94. Which of the following compounds does not undergo nucleophilic substitution reactions [KCET 1998]
(a) Vinyl chloride (b) Ethyl bromide
(c) Benzyl chloride (d) Isopropyl chloride
SOLUTION.
As a result of resonance, the carbon-chloride bond acquires some double bond character. Hence, vinyl chloride does not undergo
nucleophillic substitution reactions.

95. Replacement of Cl of chlorobenzene to give phenol requires drastic conditions but chlorine of 2, 4-dinitrochlorobenzene is readily
replaced because [CBSE PMT 1997]
(a) NO 2 make ring electron rich at ortho and para
 (b) NO 2 withdraws e  from meta position
(c) denotes e  at meta position
(d) NO 2 withdraws e  from ortho/para positions
SOLUTION.

Cl OH

OH
  
Cl easily replaced

Cl NaOH
OH
 
Light temp. & pressure

96. Among the following one with the highest percentage of chlorine is [MNR 1989; BHU 1998; MH CET 1999]
(a) Chloral (b) Pyrene
(c) PVC (d) Gammexene
SOLUTION.
Massof chlorine
% of chlorine   100
Massof organic compound
106 .5
Chloral (CCl 3 CHO )   100  72 .20
147 .5
142
Pyrene (CCl 4 )   100  92 .20 Highest
154
213
Gammexene (C 6 H 6 Cl 6 )   100  73 . 19
291

97. In which alkyl halide, SN 2

mechanism is favoured maximum [RPMT 1997]
(a) CH 3 Cl (b) CH 3 CH 2 Cl
(c) (CH 3 )2 CHCl (d) (CH 3 )3 C  Cl
SOLUTION.
SN 2
Substitution nucleophilic bimolecular order of different alkyl halides. 1o  2 o  3 o
SN 1 Substitution nucleophilic unimolecular order of different alkyl halides , 3 o  2 o  1 o .

98. Which conformation of C6 H 6 Cl 6 is most powerful insecticide

(a) aaeeee (b) aaaeee
(c) aaaaee (d) aaaaaa
SOLUTION.
aaaeee form is the most powerful insecticide form of C6 H6 Cl6 .

99. The odd decomposition of carbon chlorine bond form

[UPSEAT 1999]
(a) Two free ions (b) Two-carbanium ion
(c) Two carbanion (d) A cation and an anion
SOLUTION.
R  CH 2  Cl    RCH 2  Cl 
Heteroly tic bond fission

cation anion

Cl is more electronegative than C by which it form anion and hydrocarbon form cation.

100. A new carbon-carbon bond formation is possible in

[IIT-JEE 1998]
(a) Cannizzaro reaction (b) Friedel-Craft's alkylation
(c) Clemmensen reduction (d) Reimer-Tiemann reaction
SOLUTION.
New carbon-carbon bond formation take place in Friedel Craft’s alkylation and Reimer-Tiemann
reaction. In Friedel Craft’s alkylation following mechanism involve
R  Cl  AlCl 3 ⇌ R  AlCl 4 HCl
Alky l carbonium ion

H R

+
R
H R

+ + AlCl4–  + AlCl3 + HCl

Here new C–C bond formed between carbon of benzene ring and alkyl group.
Similarly in Reimer-Tiemann reaction.
OH OH
+ CHCl3 + 3NaOH  + 3NaCl + 2H2O
CHO
Salicylaldehyde
Here new C–C bond formed between carbon of benzene ring and –CHO group.

101. An isomer of C 3 H 6 Cl 2 on boiling with aqueous KOH gives acetone. Hence, the isomer is [UPSEAT 2000]
(a) 2, 2-dichloropropane (b) 1, 2-dichloropropane
(c) 1, 1-dichloropropane (d) 1, 3-dichloropropane
SOLUTION.
Cl OH
| |
CH 3  C  CH 3  2 KOH  CH 3  C  CH 3
boil
| aqueous  2 KCl |
Cl OH
2, 2 dichloropr opane Unstable
(isomer of C3 H 6 Cl 2 )

O
||
 H 2O
  CH 3  C  CH 3
 (Acetone)

102. Which of the following is the example of SN 2

reaction
[CPMT 1999]
(a) CH 3 Br  OH  CH 3 OH  Br 
(b) CH 3 CHCH 3  OH   CH 3 CHCH 3  Br 
| |
Br OH
H O
(c) CH 3 CH 2 OH 
2
 CH 2  CH 2
CH 3 CH 3
| |
(d) CH 3  C  CH 3  OH   CH 3  C  O  CH 3  Br 
| |
Br H
SOLUTION.
Only 1° alkyl halides, i.e. CH 3 Br undergoes S N 2 reaction.

103. Wurtz reaction of methyl iodide yields an organic compound X. Which one of the following reactions also yields X
[EAMCET 2003]
dryethe r
(a) C 2 H 5 Cl  Mg 
(b) C 2 H 5 Cl  LiAlH 4 
(c) C 2 H 5 Cl  C 2 H 5 ONa 
(d) CHCl 3  
Ag powder

SOLUTION.
Wurtz reaction gives ethane
2CH 3 I  2 Na  C2 H6  2 NaI
dry
ether
 Similarly C2 H5 Cl reduced by LiAlH 4 to give ethane

C2 H5 Cl  2 H    C2 H6  HCl
LiAlH 4

104. Ethyl orthoformate is formed by heating with sodium ethoxide [EAMCET 2003]
(a) CHCl 3 (b) C2 H 5 OH
(c) HCOOH (d) CH 3 CHO
SOLUTION.
Cl OC 2 H 5

H  C  Cl  3 C 2 H 5 ONa  H  C  OC 2 H 5  3 NaCl
Cl OC 2 H 5
Ethy l orthoforma te

105. 1 , 2 di-bromo cyclohexane on dehydro halogenation gives

[UPSEAT 2003]

(a) (b)

(c) (d) None of these

SOLUTION.
Br
Br
1, 2 dibromo cyclohexane Cyclohex-diene

106. In which one of the following conversions phosphorus pentachloride is used as a reagent [EAMCET 1997]
(a) H 2 C  CH 2  CH 3 CH 2 Cl
(b) H 3 C  O  CH 3  CH 3 Cl
(c) CH 3 CH 2 OH  CH 3 CH 2 Cl
(d) HC  CH  CH 2  CHCl
SOLUTION.
CH 3  O  CH 3  PCl5  2CH 3Cl  POCl 3
CH 3CH 2OH  PCl5  CH 3CH 2Cl  HCl  POCl 3
So, both reaction carried out by PCl5

107. When but –3-en -2- ol reacts with aq. HBr, the product formed is [DCE 2001]
(a) 3 - bromobut - 1- ene
(b) 1 - bromobut - 2- ene
(c) A mixture of both a and b
(d) 2 - bromobut - 2 – ene
SOLUTION.
OH
|  
H 2C  CH  CH  CH 3 
H
[H 2C  CH  CH  CH 3 
But - 3ene - 2 - ol  H 2O

 
H 2 C  CH  CH  CH 3 ] 
Br

Br
|
H 2C  CH  CH  CH 3  Br  CH 2  CH  CH  CH 3
3 Bromobut -1- ene 1 Bromo but - 2 - ene

108. Which of these do not form Grignard reagent

(a) CH 3 F (b) CH 3 Cl
(c) CH 3 Br (d) CH 3 I
SOLUTION.
The C–F bond energy is maximum in CH 3 F . Thus fluoride is the less reactive to form the grignard reagent with Mg.
109. An organic compound A(C4 H6 Cl) on reaction with Na/diethyl ether gives a hydrocarbon, which on monochlorination gives only one
chloro derivative. A is
[Kerala PMT 2004]
(a) t-butyl chloride (b) s-butyl chloride
(c) Isobutyl chloride (d) n-butyl chloride
(e) None of these
SOLUTION.
CH 3 CH 3 CH 3
| | |
2CH 3  C  CH 3  CH 3  C  C  CH 3  2 NaCl
ether
| 2 Na | |
Cl CH 3 CH 3

+ Cl2 + Cl2

CH 2 Cl all –CH3 gives same monochloro –

|
CH2Cl derivative, so it is tertiary
CH 3  C  CH 3
| butyl alcohol
Cl

110. Among the following the most reactive towards alcoholic KOH is [AIIMS 2004]
(a) CH 2  CHBr (b) CH 3 COCH 2CH 2 Br
(c) CH 3 CH 2 Br (d) CH 3 CH 2CH 2 Br
SOLUTION.
The polarity between C-X bond increase by increasing the +I effect which increase by increasing the alkyl group by which X of C-X
easily eliminate. In CH 3 CH 2CH 2 Br the polarity is maximum due to 3 alkyl group while in rest polarity decrease due to the
presence of double bond, presence of –CO group (–I) and less no. of alkyl group.
CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 Br  KOH 
alc.

CH 3CH  CH 2  KBr  H 2O

111. Which one of the following possess highest m.pt.

[Pb. CET 2004]
(a) Chlorobenzene (b) o-dichlorobenzene
(c) m-dichlorobenzene (d) p-dichlorobenzene
SOLUTION.
p-dichlorobenzene molecule has symmetrical structure. It can fit well in its crystal lattice. The intermolecular forces of attraction
are strong. Hence, it possesses highest melting point.

112. Which chlorine atom is more electronegative in the following [UPSEAT 2004]
(a) CH 3  Cl (b) CH 3  CH 2  Cl
CH 3 CH 3
| |
(c) H  C  Cl (d) CH 3  CH 2  C  Cl
| |
CH 3 CH 3
SOLUTION.
Due to +I effect of 3 alkyl group in option (d), the chlorine atom occupy the maximum charge in it so it is more electronegative.

113. What would be the product formed when 1-Bromo-3-chloro cyclobutane reacts with two equivalents of metallic sodium in ether
[IIT-JEE (Screening) 2005]
Cl
(a) (b)

Br
(c) (d)
SOLUTION.
It is the example of Wurtz reaction.

Br  ..⊖
2Na  2Na + 2e–

Cl Cl
114. In the case homologous series of alkanes, which one of the following statements is incorrect [JIPMER 2000]
(a) The members of the series are isomers of each other
(b) The members of the series have similar chemical properties
(c) The members of the series have the general formula Cn H 2n  2 ,where n is an integer
(d) The difference between any two successive members of the series corresponds to 14 unit of relative atomic
mass
SOLUTION.
The difference between any two successive members of the homologous series CH 2  i.e., the molecular
weight of every two adjacent members differ by 14.
(CH 2  12  2  14 )

115. How many primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary carbons are present in the following hydrocarbon
CH 3  CH (CH 3 )  C(CH 3 )2  CH 2  CH (CH 3 )  CH 2  CH 3

Primary Secondar Tertiary Quaternar

y y
(a 6 2 2 1
)
(b 2 6 3 0
)
(c) 2 4 3 2
(d 2 2 4 3
)
SOLUTION.
1o
CH 3
|
1o 3o o 2o 3o 2o 1o
CH 3  CH  C 4  CH 2  CH  CH 2  CH 3
| | |
CH 3 CH 3 CH 3
1o 1o 1o

1o  Primary 6, 2 o  Secondary 2

3 o  Tertiary 2, 4 o  Quanternar y 1

116. The octane number of a sample of petrol is 40. It means that its knocking property is equal to the mixture of
[MP PMT 2003]
(a) 40% n-heptane + 60% iso-octane
(b) 40% petrol + 60% iso-octane
(c) 60% n-heptane + 40% iso-octane
(d) 60% petrol + 40% iso-octane
SOLUTION.
Octane number of fuel is the percentage of iso- octane in mixture.

117. Formation of 2-butene as major product by dehydration of 2-butanol is according to [MP PMT 1995]
(a) Markownikoff rule (b) Saytzeff rule
(c) Peroxide effect (d) Anti-Markownikoff rule
SOLUTION.
CH 3  C H  CH 2  CH 3  CH 3  CH  CH  CH 3
| 2  Butene
OH
2 Butanol

H 2 O

According to this rule H atom goes from that  – carbon which is less hydrogenated.

118. CH 3 C  CCH 3   CH 3  C  C  CH 3
(i) X
(ii)H 2 O / Zn | |
O O
X in the above reaction is [CPMT 1985; MP PET 1997;
Roorkee Qualifying 1998; DPMT 2001]
(a) HNO 3 (b) O 2
(c) O 3 (d) KMnO 4
SOLUTION.
(i)O
CH 3  C  C  CH 3 
3
 CH 3  C  C  CH 3
(ii)Zn / H 2O || ||
O O

119. Which of the following is Friedel-Craft's reaction

[MP PET 1994]
(a) C6 H 6  FeCl 3  Cl 2  C6 H 5 Cl
(b) C6 H 5 CHO  CH 3 CHO  KOH  C6 H 5 CH  CH  CHO
O
||
(c) C 6 H 6  CH 3 COCl  AlCl 3  C 6 H 5  C  CH 3

(d) C6 H 5 OH  CHCl 3  KOH  Salicylald ehyde

SOLUTION.
Friedel-craft's reaction
CH 3 COCl  C6 H 6 
  CH 3 COC 6 H 5  HCl
3 anhy drous AlCl

Acety lchloride Benzene Acetopheno ne

120. Condition for maximum yield of C 2 H 5 Cl is

[IIT-JEE 1986]
(a) C 2 H 6 (excess)  Cl 2  UV Light

(b) C 2 H 6 + Cl 2  Dark

Room temp.

(c) C 2 H 6  Cl 2 (excess)  

UV Light

(d) C 2 H 6  Cl 2  
UV Light

SOLUTION.
C 2 H 6 (excess)  Cl 2    C 2 H 5 Cl  HCl
U . V .Light

Ethy l chloride
(Major product)

121. When ethyl alcohol is heated with red phosphorus and HI, then which of the following is formed
[Kurukshetra CEE 1998]
(a) C 2 H 6 (b) CH 4
(c) C 3 H 8 (d) C 2 H 4
SOLUTION.
 Red P
CH 3 CH 2  OH  2 HI 
 CH 3  CH 3  H 2 O  I 2
Ethylalcohol Ethane

122. In the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis of petrol..... and ..... are used as the raw materials [KCET 1998]
(a) H 2 ; CO (b) CH 4 ; H 2
(c) CH 4 ; CH 3 OH (d) CH 3 OH; CO
SOLUTION.
Fischer-Tropsch process –

 M ixture of hydrocarbo ns  H 2 O
CO or Ni
CO  H 2  H 2 
Excess heat (Petrol)
Water gas

123. Which one of the following reactions is most suitable for the preparation of n-propyl benzene [MP PET/PMT 1998]
(a) Friedel-Craft's reaction (b) Wurtz reaction
(c) Wurtz-Fittig reaction (d) Grignard reaction
SOLUTION. Br

Dry
CH 3  CH 2  CH 2  Br   2 Na 
Propyl bromide ether

n–propyl benzene

124. Propane cannot be prepared from which reaction

[DCE 2003]
(a) CH 3  CH  CH 2 


B2 H 6

OH

(b) CH 3 CH 2CH 2 I 

 HI
P

(c) CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 Cl 

Na

(d) None of these

SOLUTION.
Hydroboration of alkenes followed by hydrolysis in basic medium yield alcohols and not the alkanes.
B H
R  CH  CH 2 2 
6
(R  CH 2  CH 2 )3  B
OH 
  R  CH 2  CH 2 OH

125. The reaction

(CO  H )
CH 3 CH  CH 2 

2
 CH 3  CH  CH 3 is known as [MP PMT 2002]

H |
COOH

(a) Wurtz reaction (b) Koch reaction

(c) Clemmensen reduction (d) Kolbe’s reaction

SOLUTION.
Koch reaction : (Carboxylation of Alkene)
 COOH
|
Water gas (CO  H 2 )
CH 3  CH  CH 2  CH 3  CH  CH 3
400 o C , H 3 PO 4 Isobuty ric acid

CH 3
|
126. The compound CH 3  C  CH  CH 3 on reaction with NaIO 4 in the presence of KMnO 4 gives[CBSE PMT 2003]
(a) CH 3 CHO  CO 2

(b) CH 3 COCH 3

(c) CH 3 COCH 3  CH 3 COOH

(d) CH 3 COCH 3  CH 3 CHO

SOLUTION.
CH 3
|
NaIO
CH 3  C  CH  CH 3  
4
 CH 3 COCH 3
KMnO 4

CH 3 CHO

127. In the reaction :

HC  CH  2 AgNO 3   X  2 NH 4 NO 3  2 H 2 O
NH 4 OH

‘X’ is
(a) Ag 2 C (b) Ag 2 C 2

(c) AgC (d) AgOH

SOLUTION.
NH OH
HC  CH  2 AgNO 3 
4

Ag  C  C  Ag  2 NH 4 NO 3  2 H 2 O

128. Naphthalene is a/an [AFMC 2004]

(a) Ionic solid (d) Covalent solid

(c) Metallic solid (d) Molecular solid

SOLUTION.
Naphthalene is a molecular solid. If the crystals contains only individuals atoms; as in solid argon or krypton or if
they are composed of non polar molecules as in naphthalene, the only attraction between the molecules are the
London forces.

129. Which of the following is not aromatic [Pb. CET 2000]

(a) Benzene (b) Naphthalene

(c) Pyridine (d) 1,3,5 heptatriene

SOLUTION.
 A compound is said to be aromatic if it is planar and there is complete delocalization of  electrons, which is
only possilble if it is a conjugated cyclic system and number of electrons used in delocalization is (4 n  2) . 1, 3, 5
heptatriene is not an aromatic compound because complete delocalization of  electrons, is not possible in it.

1, 3, 5 Heptatriene

130. Acetylene reacts with HCN in the presence of Ba(CN )2 to yield [UP SEAT 2004]

(a) 1, 1-dicyanoethane (b) 1, 2-dicyanoethane

(c) Vinyl cyanide (d) None of these

SOLUTION.
Ba(CN )
CH  CH  HCN   
2
 CH 2  CHCN
Acetylene Vinyl cyanide

131. Write the products of the addition reaction C  C  XY  [Kerala (Med.) 2002]

(a) C C (b) X  C  C Y
| | | |
X Y

|
(c) C  C  (d) X  C  C  X
| |
Y

X
| |
(e) C  C
| |
Y

SOLUTION.
Addition reaction means addition on double bond.

132. Formation of polyethylene from calcium carbide takes place as follows

CaC 2  2 H 2 O  Ca(OH )2  C 2 H 2

C2 H 2  H 2  C2 H 4

n(C 2 H 4 )  (CH 2  CH 2 )n

The amount of polyethylene obtained from 64.1 kg CaC 2 is

[AIIMS 1997]

(a) 7 kg (b) 14 kg

(c) 21 kg (d) 28 kg

SOLUTION.
CaC 2  2 H 2 O  Ca(OH )2  C 2 H 2
64 g

C2 H 2  H 2  C2 H 4
28 g

64g of CaC 2 gives 28g of ethylene

  64kg of CaC 2 will give 28kg of polyethylene

133. Nitrobenzene can be prepared from benzene by using a mixture of conc. HNO 3 and conc. H 2 SO 4 . In the nitrating
mixture, HNO 3 acts as a [IIT-JEE 1997]

(a) Base (b) Acid

(c) Reducing agent (d) Catalyst

SOLUTION.
NO 2
Conc . H 2 SO 4
   

HNO 3

Nitro benzene

134. A group which deactivates the benzene ring towards electrophilic substitution but which directs the incoming group
principally to the o- and p-positions is
[Pb. PMT 1998]
(a)  NH 2 (b) Cl
(c)  NO 2 (d) C 2 H 5
SOLUTION.
Electron accepting groups which make the substitution difficult are known of deactivating groups. the group or
substituent already present on the ring also decides the position of incoming group.
ortho and para directing groups are as follow
CH 3 , C2 H5 (R), NH 2 ,OH , halogens, (Cl, Br, I)

135. Which order is correct for the decreasing reactivity to ring monobromination of the following compounds
C 6 H 5 CH 3 , C 6 H 5 COOH , C6 H 6 C 6 H 5 NO 2
I II III IV

(a) I  II  III  IV (b) I  III  II  IV

(c) II  III  IV  I (d) III  I  II  IV
SOLUTION.
CH3 COOH NO2

> > >

Toluene Benzene Nitro Benzene
Benzoic

136. Benzene is obtained by [DPMT 2002]

(a) Substitution of three acetylene molecules
(b) Addition of three C 2 H 2 molecules
(c) Polymerisation of three C2 H 2 molecules
(d) Condensation of three C2 H 2 molecules
SOLUTION.
Polymerisation
3 CH  CH  
heat
Cu , 500 o C
137. Toluene can be oxidised to benzoic acid by [AIIMS 1999]
(a) KMNO 4 (b) K 2 Cr2 O7
(c) H 2 SO 4 (d) Both (a) and (b)
SOLUTION.

CH3 COOH

 [O]   
KMnO 4 or K 2 Cr2 O7

138. CaC 2  H 2 O  A   B . Identify A and B in the given reaction

H 2 SO 4 / HgSO 4
[CPMT 2000; BVP 2004]

(a) C 2 H 2 and CH 3 CHO (b) CH 4 and HCOOH

(c) C 2 H 4 and CH 3 COOH (d) C 2 H 2 and CH 3 COOH
SOLUTION.
Wohler reaction :
CaC 2  2 H 2O  C2 H 2  Ca(OH )2

C 2 H 2 2 4 [CH 2  CHOH ]  CH 3 CHO

dil. H SO / HgSO 4

Acety lene 60 o C Unstable Acetaldehyde

139. The compound X on reaction with HgSO 4  H 2 SO 4 gives Y which on oxidation gives acetic acid. X is [MP PMT 1999]
(a) C 2 H 2 (b) C 2 H 4
(c) C 3 H 4 (d) C 4 H 6
SOLUTION.
HgSO KMnO
CH  CH  H 2 O 
4
 CH 2  CH  OH   
4

Ethyne H 2 SO 4 Vinylalcohol

Oxidation
CH 3 CHO  CH 3 COOH
Acetic acid

140. What is formed when calcium carbide react with heavy water [CPMT 1999]
(a) C2 D2 (b) CaD2
(c) CaD 2 O (d) CD 2
SOLUTION.
CaC 2  2 D2 O  C2 D2  Ca(OD)2
calcium carbide heary water

141. The addition of HBr is easiest with [MP PMT 2000]

(a) ClCH 2  CHCl (b) ClCH  CHCl

(c) CH 3  CH  CH 2 (d) (CH 3 )2 C  CH 2
SOLUTION.
It is a unsymmetrical olefin. In such cases addition of H  X is governed by 'Markownikoff's rule'

142. Identify the species X in the reaction :

Propene  O (conc. acidic KMnO 4 )  X  Formic acid
(a) Acetone (b) Acetaldehyde
(c) Isopropanol (d) Acetic acid
SOLUTION.
Conc.
CH 3  CH  CH 2 
 CH 3 COOH  HCOOH
AcidicKMnO 4

143. In benzene 1, 3 position is called

(a) Meta (b) Para
(c) Ortho (d) Odd position
SOLUTION.

1, 2 or 1, 6 = ortho

1, 3 or 1, 5 = meta

144. Which of the following is formed as a result of biological oxidation of benzene in the body of the dog
[Manipal MEE 1995]
(a) Acrylic acid (b) Cinnamic acid
(c) Maleic acid (d) Gluconic acid
SOLUTION.
Biological oxidation of benzene gives cinnamic acid.

145. When acetylene is reacted with HBr, we get

[CPMT 1979; JIPMER 2002]
(a) Methyl bromide (b) Ethyl bromide
(c) Ethylene bromide (d) Ethylidene bromide
SOLUTION.
HBr HBr
CH  CH  CH 2  CH  Br 
Br
CH 3 CH
Br
Ethylidene dibromide

146. The only o, p-directing group which is deactivating in nature is

(a)  NH 2 (b) OH
(c) X (halogens) (d) R (alkyl groups)
SOLUTION.
Electron accepting groups which make the substitution difficult are known or deactivating groups.
o. p. directing groups are as follow :
CH 3 , C2 H5 (R), NH 2 ,OH , halogens (Cl, Br, I) .

147. Which kind of isomerism will butene-2 show

(a) Geometrical (b) Optical
(c) Position (d) None of these
SOLUTION.
2-butene shows geometrical isomerism.
H  C  CH 3 H  C  CH 3
|| ||
H  C  CH 3 CH 3  C  H
cis- Butene - 2 trans - Butene - 2
148. In presence of light toluene on reaction with chlorine gives
[RPET 1999]
(a) Benzoyl chloride (b) Ortho chlorotoluene
(c) Para chloro toluene (d) Benzyl chloride
SOLUTION.
Sidechain chlorination and bromination is favoured by high temperature, light and in absence of halogen carrier.
CH3 CH2Cl

toluene Benzylchloride

   
Cl
2 2Cl

CH2Cl CCl3

Benzalchloride Benzochloride
 
Cl
2

149. If ethylene, carbon monoxide and water is heated at high temperature, which of the following is formed
[AIIMS 2000]
(a) C4 H 8 O2 (b) C2 H 5 COOH
(c) CH 3 COOH (d) CH 2  CH  COOH
SOLUTION.
C2 H 4  CO  H 2 O    C2 H 5  COOH
Ligh temp.

Ethy lene Propionic acid

150. Compound C 6 H 12 is an [AMU 1983]

(a) Aliphatic saturated compound

(b) Alicyclic compound
(c) Aromatic compound
(d) Heterocyclic compound
SOLUTION.
Cyclohexane C6 H12 is alicyclic compound.

151. Identify Z in the following series

CH 2  CH 2  X    Y 2 Z
HBr Hy droly sis 3 Na CO
I 2 excess

[AIIMS 1983; RPMT 1999]

 (a) C 2 H 5 I (b) C 2 H 5 OH
(c) CHI 3 (d) CH 3 CHO
SOLUTION.
CH 2  CH 2  CH 3  CH 2 
HBr
 
Hy droly sis

|
Br
Na CO
CH 3  CH 2 
2

3
 CHI 3
| I2 excess Yellowppt
OH Iodoform 

152. n-pentane and iso pentane can be distinguished by

[BVP 2004]
(a) Br2 (b) O3
(c) conc. H 2 SO 4 (d) KMnO 4
SOLUTION.
On oxidation, with KMnO 4 , they give different alcohols
CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 3  
4 KMnO

n pentane [O ]

CH 3 CH 2CH 2CH 2CHOH 2

1 alcohol

OH
|
CH 3 CH 2  C H  CH 3  CH 3 CH 2  C  C H 3
KMnO 4
| [O ] |
CH 3 CH 3
3  alcohol

153. CH  CH  HBr  X , product X is [Pb. CET 2003]

(a) Ethylene bromide (b) Vinyl bromide

(c) Bromo ethane (d) Ethyledine bromide
SOLUTION.

154. The correct structural formula of zeise's salt is

(a) K  PtCl 3   2  (C 2 H 4 )


(b) K 2 PtCl 3   2  C 2 H 4 
(c) 
K  PtCl 2   2  (C 2 H 4 ) Cl  
(d) K  PtCl 3 (C 2 H 4 
SOLUTION.

155. The correct order of hybridisations of central atom in NH 3 ,[PtCl 4 ]2  , PCl 5 and BCl 3 is [MP PMT 2003]

(a) 2
dsp , dsp , sp 3 2
and sp 3

(b) sp 3 , sp 3 , sp 3 d and sp 2
(c) dsp 2 , sp 2 , sp 3 and dsp 3
(d) dsp 2 , sp 3 , sp 2 and dsp 3
SOLUTION.
156. One mole of the complex compound Co (NH 3 )5 Cl 3 , gives 3 moles of ions on dissolution in water. One mole of the
same complex reacts with two moles of AgNO 3 solution to yield two moles of AgCl (s) . The structure of the complex
is
[AIEEE 2003]
(a) [Co (NH 3 )5 Cl]Cl 2
(b) [Co(NH 3 )3 Cl 3 ]. 2 NH 3
(c) [Co(NH 3 )4 Cl 2 ]Cl . NH 3
(d) [Co (NH 3 )4 Cl]Cl 2 . NH 3
SOLUTION.
2Cl  ions are ionizable

Co (NH 3 )5 Cl Cl2 ⇌ [Co ( NH 3 )5 Cl] 2   2Cl 

3 ions

2Cl   2 AgNO 3  2 AgCl  2 NO 3 .

157. Cuprammonium ion Cu NH 3 4 2 is

[MP PMT 1997; KCET 2002]
(a) Tetrahedral (b) Square planar
(c) Triangular bipyramid (d) Octahedral
SOLUTION.
Copper complexes usually involve with four co-ordination number and have square planar in shape.

158. In the complex [SbF 5 ]2  , sp 3 d hydridisation is present. Geometry of the complex is [Pb. PMT 2000]

(a) Square pyramidal (b) Square bipyramidal

(c) Tetrahedral (d) Square
SOLUTION.
Complex with sp 3 d  hybridisation show square pyramidal geometry.

159. The type of hybridization involved in the metal ion of [ Ni(H 2 O)6 ] 2  complex is
(a) d 3 sp 2 (b) sp 3 d 2
(c) sp 3 (d) dsp 2
SOLUTION.
sp 3 d 2
Ni 2 
↿⇂ ↿⇂ ↿⇂ ↿ ↿
3d 4s 4p
↿⇂ ↿⇂ ↿⇂ ↿ ↿ ×× ××××× ×× ×× ×× ××
× hybridisation

160. In the formation of K 4 Fe(CN )6 , the hybridisation involved is

(a) sp 2 (b) d 2 sp 3
(c) d 3 sp 2 (d) d 4 p
SOLUTION.

161. Which of the following is not true for metal carbonyls

[MP PET 1993]
 (a) The oxidation state of the metal in the carbonyls is zero
(b) The secondary carbonyls are obtained from photo-decomposition
(c) Metal carbonyls are single bonded species
(d) d   p  overlap is observed in metal carbonyls
SOLUTION.
Metal carbonyls does not show overlapping.

162. An octahedral complex is formed, when hybrid orbitals of the following type are involved [DCE 2003]
(a) sp 3
(b) dsp 2

(c) sp 3 d 2 (d) sp 2 d
SOLUTION.
sp 3 d 2  hybridisation gives octahedral complex.

163. Which one is an example of octahedral complex

[MP PET 2000]
(a) FeF63  (b) Zn(NH 3 )42 
(c) Ni(CN )42  (d) Cu (NH 3 )42 
SOLUTION.

164. Which one of the following octahedral complexes will not show geometric isomerism (A and B are monodentate
ligands) [CBSE PMT 2003]
(a) [MA5 B] (b) [MA2 B4 ]
(c) [MA3 B3 ] (d) [MA4 B2 ]
SOLUTION.
Octahedral complexes of the type [MA4 B2 ],[MA2 B4 ],[MA3 B3 ] exhibit geometrical isomerism.

165. The number of unpaired electrons in the complex ion [CoF6 ]3  is (Atomic no. of Co  27 ) [CBSE PMT 2003]

(a) Zero (b) 2

(c) 3 (d) 4
SOLUTION.
The number of unpaired electrons in the Complex ion [CoF6 ]3  is 4.

166. Which would exhibit co-ordination isomerism

(a) Cr(NH 3 )6 Co (CN )6  (b) Co(en)2 Cl 2 
(c) Cr NH 3 6 Cl 3 (d) Cr(en )2 Cl 2 
SOLUTION.

167. Co NH 3 5 NO 2 Cl 2 and Co NH 3 5 ONO Cl 2 are related to each other as
(a) Geometrical isomers (b) Optical isomers
(c) Linkage isomers (d) Coordination isomers
SOLUTION.
 2
 NH 3   NH 3 
   
H 3 N ONO  H 3 N NO 2 
 Co   Co 
   
H 3 N NH 3  H 3 N NH 3 
   
 NH 3   NH 3 
Here more than one atom function as donor, as oxygen in first one and nitrogen in second, so they show linkage
isomerism

168. Co (NH 3 )5 Br  SO 4 and Co (NH 3 )5 SO 4 Br are examples of which type of isomerism
[MP PMT 1993, 94, 95; MP PET 1997; MP PET/PMT 1998]
(a) Linkage (b) Geometrical
(c) Ionization (d) Optical
SOLUTION.
The two given compounds have same composition but in solution both will give different ions. The isomerism is
known as ionisation isomerism.

169. Co NH 3 4 Cl 2 NO 2 and Co NH 3 4 Cl. NO 2 Cl are ........ isomers [MP PMT 1993; MP PET 1995, 2001]

(a) Geometrical (b) Optical

(c) Linkage (d) Ionization
SOLUTION.
Both produce different ions in solution state-
[Co (NH 3 )4 Cl 2 ]NO 2 ⇌ [Co ( NH 3 )4 Cl 2 ] NO 2

[Co (NH 3 )4 Cl. NO 2 ]Cl ⇌ [Co ( NH 3 )4 Cl . NO 2 ]  Cl 

170. Which would exhibit ionisation isomerism[MP PET 1997]

(a) Cr NH 3 6 Cl 3 (b) Co NH 3 5 Br SO 4
(c) Cr(en )2 Cl 2  (d) Cr(en )3 Cl 3 
SOLUTION.
The compound which has same composition but give different ions in solution, show ionization. So [Co (NH 3 )5 Br ]
SO 4 is ionization isomer.

[Co (NH 3 )5 Br ]SO 4 ⇌ [Co ( NH 3 )5 Br ]2   SO 42 

[Co (NH 3 )5 SO 4 ]Br ⇌ [Co ( NH 3 )SO 4 ]  Br  .

171. [Ti(H 2 O)6 ]3 is paramagnetic in nature due to [RPMT 2002]

(a) One unpaired e  (b) Two unpaired e 
(c) Three unpaired e  (d) No unpaired e 
SOLUTION.

172. Coordination isomerism is caused by the interchange of ligands between the [UPSEAT 2002]
(a) Cis and Trans structure
(b) Complex cation and complex anion
(c) Inner sphere and outer sphere
(d) Low oxidation and higher oxidation states
SOLUTION.
Co-ordination isomerism is caused by the interchange of ligands between cis and trans structure.
173. Which one of the following will not show geometrical isomerism [MP PMT 2002]
(a) [Cr(NH 3 )4 Cl 2 ]Cl (b) [Co(en)2 Cl 2 ]Cl
(c) [Co(NH 3 )5 NO 2 ]Cl 2 (d) [Pt(NH 3 )2 Cl 2 ]
SOLUTION.
[Co (NH 3 )5 NO2 ]Cl2 will not show geometrical isomerism because this complex showed 4 and 6 co-ordination
number.

174. The number of unpaired electrons in Cr  will be

(a) 3 (b) 4
(c) 5 (d) 6
SOLUTION.

Cr

Cr 

175. The highest oxidation state of Cr will be

(a) 2 (b) 3
(c) 4 (d) 6
SOLUTION.
There are 6 electrons in its ultimate and penultimate shell.

176. Which statement is true about the transitional elements

[MP PMT 1995]
(a) They are highly reactive
(b) They show variable oxidation states
(c) They have low M.P.
(d) They are highly electropositive
SOLUTION.
They show variable oxidation state due to participation of ns and (n  1)d electrons.

177. The transitional metal which form green compound in +3 oxidation state and yellow orange compound in +6
oxidation state is
(a) Fe (b) Ni
(c) Cr (d) Co
SOLUTION.
(Cr 6 K 2 Cr2 O7  yellow Cr 3 Cr2 (SO 4 )3 – green)

178. Highest (+7) oxidation state is shown by

[MP PMT 1990, 2001; RPMT 1999; AIIMS 1999;
JIPMER 2001; CBSE PMT 1994, 2002; MP PET 1989, 2003]
(a) Co (b) Cr
(c) V (d) Mn
SOLUTION.
179. Transitional elements are
(a) All metals
(b) Few metals and few non-metals
(c) All solids
(d) All highly reactive
SOLUTION.

180. Which of the following has highest ionic radii

[MP PMT 1990]
(a) Cr 3 (b) Mn 3
(c) Fe 3 (d) Co 3
SOLUTION.
1
Ionic radii  Ionic radius decreases from left to right in a period.
Atomic No.

181. In a reaction the ferrous (Fe   ) iron is oxidised to ferric (Fe    ) ion. The equivalent weight of the ion in the above
reaction is equal to [CPMT 1985]
(a) Half of the atomic weight
(b) 1/5 of the atomic weight
(c) The atomic weight
(d) Twice the atomic weight
SOLUTION.
The atomic weight;
Atomic wei ght
Equivalent weight 
No. of e – lost or gained
Fe 2   Fe 3   e 

 Equivalent weight = Atomic weight

182. Which of the following element has maximum density

(a) Hg (b) Au
(c) Os (d) Pb
SOLUTION.

183. Which is heaviest among the following [CPMT 1986]

(a) Iron (b) Copper
(c) Gold (d) Silver
SOLUTION.
Gold; ([ Xe ] 5 d 10 6 s1 ) .

184. Potassium permanganate acts as an oxidant in neutral, alkaline as well as acidic media. The final products obtained
from it in the three conditions are, respectively
[MP PMT 1997]
2
(a) MnO 2 , MnO 2 , Mn (b) MnO 42  , Mn 3  , Mn 2 

(c) MnO 2 , MnO 42  , Mn 3  (d) MnO , MnO 4 , Mn 2 

SOLUTION.
MnO 2 , MnO 2 , Mn 2 

In neutral medium :
2 KMnO 4  3 MnSO 4  2 H 2 O 
K2 SO 4  2H 2 SO 4  5 MnO 2
In alkaline medium :
2 KMnO 4  H 2 O  2 MnO 2  2 KOH  3O
In acidic medium :
2
2 KMnO 4  3 H 2 SO 4  K 2 SO 4  2 MnSO 4
5 H 2 O  5O

185. In acidic medium one mole of MnO 4 accepts how many moles of electrons in a redox process ? [MP PET/PMT 1998]

(a) 1 (b) 3
(c) 5 (d) 6
SOLUTION.
Oxidation state of Mn changes from +7 to +2 in acidic medium i.e. one mole of it accepts 5 mole of electrons.

186. In acidic medium potassium dichromate acts as an oxidant according to the equation,
Cr2 O72   14 H   6 e   2Cr 3   7 H 2 O . What is the equivalent weight of K 2 Cr2 O7 ? (mol. Wt. = M)
[MP PET/PMT 1998]
(a) M (b) M / 2
(c) M / 3 (d) M / 6
SOLUTION.
Since it accept 6e  its
M
Equivalent weight = .
6

187. The correct formula of permanganic acid is[MP PET 1999]

(a) HMnO 4 (b) HMnO 5
(c) H 2 MnO 4 (d) H 2 MnO 3
SOLUTION.

188. Acidified potassium dichromate is treated with hydrogen sulphide. In the reaction, the oxidation number of
chromium
[MP PET 1996]
(a) Increases from + 3 to + 6
(b) Decreases from +6 to +3
(c) Remains unchanged
(d) Decreases from +6 to +2
SOLUTION.
Decreases from + 6 to + 3.
K2 Cr2O7  4 H 2 SO 4  K2 SO 4  Cr2 (SO 4 )3  4 H 2 O  3O
[H 2 S  [O]  S  H 2O]  3
6
K 2 Cr2 O7  4 H 2 SO 4  3 H 2 S 
 3
K 2 SO 4  Cr(SO 4 )3  7 H 2 O  3 S

189. When KMnO 4 reacts with acidified FeSO 4 [MP PET 1996]
(a) Only FeSO 4 is oxidised
(b) Only KMnO 4 is oxidised
(c) FeSO 4 is oxidised KMnO 4 and is reduced
(d) None of these
SOLUTION.
FeSO 4 is oxidised and KMnO 4 is reduced.
2 KMnO 4  3 H 2SO 4  K2SO 4  2 MnSO 4 [2 FeSO 4  H 2SO 4  Fe 2 (SO 4 )3  2 H]  5
[2 H  [O]  H 2O]  5
2 KMnO 4  8 H 2SO 4  10 FeSO 4 
K 2 SO 4  2 MnSO 4  5 Fe 2 (SO 4 )3  8 H 2 O
In this reaction oxidation state of Mn is changing from +7 to +2 while oxidation state of Fe is changing from +2
to +3.

190. When calomel reacts with NH 4 OH , we get

[CBSE PMT 1996]
(a) HgNH 2 Cl (b) NH 2  Hg  Hg  Cl
(c) Hg 2 O (d) HgO

SOLUTION.
Hg 2 Cl 2  2 NH 4 OH  NH 4 Cl  2 H 2 O  Hg  HgNH 2 Cl
Calomal

191. AgCl dissolves in a solution of NH 3 but not in water because [MP PMT 1984, 86]

(a) NH 3 is a better solvent than H 2O


(b) Ag forms a complex ion with NH 3
(c) NH 3 is a stronger base than H 2 O
(d) The dipole moment of water is higher than NH 3
SOLUTION.
Ag  forms a complex ion with NH 3
AgCl  2 NH 3 [ Ag(NH 3 )2 ]Cl

192. In solid CuSO 4 .5 H 2 O copper is co-ordinated to

[MP PET 1985, 86]
(a) Five water molecules (b) Four water molecules
(c) One sulphate anion (d) One water molecule
SOLUTION.
Four water molecules.
CuSO 4 .5 H 2 O is a crystalline salt. Four H 2 O molecules attach to copper forming a square planar symmetry and two
oxygen atoms from SO 42  ion complete the distorted octahedron. The fifth water molecule is attached through
hydrogen bonding between one of the co-ordinated water molecule and one of the sulphate ion.

193. A white powder soluble in NH 4 OH but insoluble in water is [AFMC 1987]

 (a) BaSO 4 (b) CuSO 4
(c) PbSO 4 (d) AgCl

SOLUTION.
AgCl is a covalent compound hence it is insoluble in water also it form complex with NH 4 OH , thus is soluble in
NH 4 OH .

SOLUTION.

194. For a reaction, activation energy (Ea )  0 and rate constant (K)  3.2  10 6 s 1 at 300 K. What is the value of the rate
constant at 310 K [KCET (Med.) 1999]
12 1 6 1
(a) 3 .2  10 s (b) 3 .2  10 s
12 1
(c) 6 .4  10 s (d) 6 .4  10 6 s 1
SOLUTION.
When Ea  0 rate constant is independent of temperature.

195. Activation energy is given by the formula [DCE 1999]

K2 Ea  T2  T1 
(a) log   
K1 2 .303 R  T1 T2 

K1 Ea  T2  T1 
(b) log   
K2 2 .303 R  T1 T2 

K1 Ea  T1  T2 
(c) log   
K2 2 .303 R  T1 T2 
(d) None of these
SOLUTION.
It is modified form of Arrhenius equation.

196. A reaction having equal activation energies for forward and reverse reaction has [MP PMT 2002]
(a) H  0 (b) S  0
(c) Zero order (d) None of these
SOLUTION.

197. Collision theory is applicable to [MP PMT 2002]

(a) First order reactions (b) Zero order reactions
(c) Bimolecular reactions (d)Intra molecular reactions
SOLUTION.

198. A graph plotted between log K vs 1/T for calculating activation energy is shown by [MP PET 2002]

log K log K
(a) (b)
1/T 1/T

log K log K
(c) (d)
1/T 1/T

SOLUTION.
 1
A graph plotted between log k Vs for calculating activation energy is shown as
T
from Arrhenius equation
EA
log k  log A  log k
2 .303 RT 1/T

199. The rate constant of a reaction at temperature 200K is 10 times less than the rate constant at 400 K. What is the
activation energy (E a ) of the reaction (R = gas constant)
[EAMCET 2003]

(a) 1842.4 R (b) 921.2 R

(c) 460.6 R (d) 230.3 R
SOLUTION.

200. In respect of the equation k  Ae  Ea / RT in chemical kinetics, which one of the following statement is correct
[AIEEE 2003]
(a) k is equilibrium constant
(b) A is adsorption factor
(c) Ea is energy of activation
(d) R is Rydberg’s constant
SOLUTION.
It is Arrhenius equation.

Best Of Luck