No.

English PoS Translation Definition Example Synonym Antonym

UNIT 5. CONSUMERISM
READING: THE FUTURE OF MALLS
1 rent verb thuê To lease or hire something. We decided to rent a house in the city. lease, hire own
A large balloon filled with hot air, used for Riding a hot air balloon offers a breathtaking airship,
2 hot air balloon noun khinh khí cầu -
recreation or transportation. view. dirigible
The quality of being pleasing, especially to
3 beauty noun vẻ đẹp She admired the beauty of the sunset. attractiveness ugliness
the senses.
The manner of dealing with or handling The patient received excellent medical
4 treatment noun điều trị therapy, care neglect
someone or something. treatment.
Procedures or services designed to enhance
5 beauty treatment noun liệu pháp làm đẹp She booked a beauty treatment at the spa. makeover, spa -
one's physical appearance.
A public display of works of art or other items
6 exhibition noun triển lãm The art exhibition featured many talented artists. display, show conceal
of interest.
Second World Chiến tranh thế giới The Second World War had a profound impact
7 noun A global war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. WWII -
War thứ hai on history.
8 the young noun những người trẻ Referring to young people collectively. The young are the future of our society. youth, juniors the elderly
phrasal To spend time in a particular place or with a
9 hang out tụ tập, chơi chung We like to hang out at the local coffee shop. socialize, chill isolate
verb particular group of people.
A plaza or area where various food vendors
10 food court noun khu ẩm thực Let's meet at the food court for lunch. dining area -
are clustered.
phrasal To progress or advance; to leave behind After the breakup, it's time to move on with our progress,
11 move on tiến triển, tiếp tục linger
verb something in the past. lives. advance
The company aims to provide excellent
12 provide verb cung cấp To supply or make available for use. supply, furnish withhold
customer service.
Not continuing or existing at the present
13 no longer phrase không còn nữa She is no longer interested in the job. not anymore still
time.
keep something To maintain the existence or vitality of Conservation efforts aim to keep endangered sustain,
14 phrase giữ cho cái gì đó sống neglect
alive something. species alive. preserve
mall/shopping A large enclosed shopping complex with shopping
15 noun trung tâm mua sắm Let's meet at the mall for some shopping. -
mall various stores. center
Many people prefer the convenience of online in-store
16 online shopping noun mua sắm trực tuyến Buying goods or services over the internet. e-shopping
shopping. shopping
 A location connected to the internet that The company launched a new website for online web page,
17 website noun trang web -
maintains one or more web pages. orders. portal
To continue to live or exist despite difficult
18 survive verb sống sót Some plants can survive in extreme climates. endure, persist perish
conditions.
The city serving as the seat of government of
19 capital noun thủ đô Hanoi is the capital of Vietnam. metropolis province
a country or region.
vốn để mở trung tâm The financial resources required to establish a The developer secured the mall capital for the
20 mall capital noun - -
mua sắm shopping mall. new project.
The region that includes countries in The Middle East is known for its rich cultural
21 Middle East noun Trung Đông Near East Far East
Southwest Asia and parts of North Africa. history.
The eastern part of Asia, including China,
22 East Asia noun Đông Á East Asia is known for its diverse cultures. Orient West
Japan, Korea, and surrounding areas.
To concentrate on a particular activity, field, The company specializes in eco-friendly focus,
23 specialise verb chuyên sâu generalize
or product. products. concentrate
foresee,
24 predict verb dự đoán To foretell or forecast a future event. Meteorologists predict rain for tomorrow. surprise
anticipate

25 happen verb xảy ra To take place or occur. Did you see what happened at the event? occur, transpire prevent

More and more people are adopting sustainable

26 more and more phrase ngày càng nhiều Increasing in quantity or degree. increasingly less and less
practices.
27 sell verb bán To exchange goods for money. The store sells a variety of products. trade, market buy
non-electrical
28 electrical item noun thiết bị điện A device or appliance powered by electricity. The store offers a wide range of electrical items. gadget, device
item
incorporate,
29 include verb bao gồm To contain or have as part of a whole. The package will include a set of accessories. exclude
cover
by now,
30 already adverb đã By this or that time; before or by now. Have you already finished your homework? not yet
previously
The central part of a city, typically the
31 downtown noun/adj trung tâm thành phố Let's explore the shops in downtown after lunch. city center, CBD outskirts
commercial and business district.
A facility where people participate in the We booked a lane at the bowling alley for bowling center,
32 bowling alley noun đường lăn banh -
sport of bowling. Saturday night. lanes

An artificial wall with grips for climbing, often The climbing wall at the recreation center is rock wall,
33 climbing wall noun tường leo đá -
found in gyms or outdoor venues. challenging. bouldering wall
 A large venue designed for concerts and The orchestra performed at the grand concert auditorium,
34 concert hall noun nhạc viện -
musical performances. hall. music hall
35 Madrid noun Madrid The capital and largest city of Spain. Madrid is known for its rich cultural heritage. Spanish capital -
A facility that provides various recreational The recreation center offers fitness classes and leisure center,
36 recreation centre noun trung tâm giải trí -
activities and services. sports. activity center
một ngày dành cho A day spent together as a family engaging in
37 a family day out phrase The zoo is a perfect place for a family day out. outing, day trip -
gia đình various activities.
A sloped surface for skiing and The ski slope is open for winter sports skiing hill, snow
38 ski slope noun đường trượt tuyết -
snowboarding. enthusiasts. slope
A miniature version of golf, played on a small
39 minigolf noun minigolf We had a fun time playing minigolf in the park. miniature golf -
course with obstacles.
A small, low-slung racing car with a We raced around the go-kart track for
40 go-kart noun xe đua go-kart kart, racing car -
lightweight frame, used for go-kart racing. adrenaline fun.
chuyến đi bằng khinh A leisure activity where people take a ride in The balloon ride offered stunning views of the ballooning, air
41 balloon ride noun -
khí cầu a hot air balloon. countryside. excursion
A game played with cues on a rectangular
42 billiard noun bi-a table covered with cloth, where players use Let's play a game of billiards at the pool hall. pool, snooker -
billiard balls.
To take hold of something suddenly or She managed to grab the last ticket for the
43 grab verb nắm, nắm lấy seize, snatch release
forcefully. concert.
High-quality, elegant dining experience often They celebrated their anniversary with fine
44 fine dining noun ẩm thực cao cấp upscale dining fast food
characterized by gourmet cuisine. dining at a classy restaurant.
A commercial establishment offering health After a busy week, she treated herself to a
45 spa noun spa wellness center -
and beauty treatments. relaxing spa day.
A facility equipped for physical exercise and
He goes to the fitness center every morning for gym, health
46 fitness centre noun trung tâm thể dục -
fitness activities. a workout. club
phòng trưng bày nghệ A space where works of art are exhibited and The art gallery features a diverse collection of art museum,
47 art gallery noun -
thuật displayed. paintings. exhibition
The company moved to a new office space workplace,
48 office space noun không gian văn phòng A place used for work or business activities. -
downtown. office area
To provide amusement or enjoyment to The magician's performance was designed to
49 to entertain verb giải trí amuse, delight bore
others. entertain the audience.
The location of the new store is convenient for
50 location noun địa điểm A particular place or position. place, site -
customers.
 proprietor,
51 owner noun chủ sở hữu A person or entity that owns something. The owner of the restaurant greeted us warmly. tenant
holder
To continue to exist or be in a particular
52 remain verb duy trì The historic building will remain preserved. persist, endure disappear
state.
remain in To continue operating and conducting Despite challenges, the small shop managed to
53 phrase duy trì kinh doanh stay afloat go under
business business activities. remain in business.
A pattern of change that is increasing or increasing
54 growing trend phrase xu hướng tăng trưởng Sustainable living is a growing trend worldwide. declining trend
becoming more prevalent. trend
The store offers seasonal discounts in the
55 seasonal adj theo mùa Pertaining to or dependent on the seasons. cyclic, periodic constant
summer.
Temporary retail establishments that "pop Pop-ups are popular for introducing new temporary
56 pop-ups noun cửa hàng tạ temporary -
up" for a short duration. products. store
They set up a temporary exhibit for the short-term,
57 temporary adj tạm thời Lasting for only a limited period of time. permanent
weekend. brief
The farmers' market had various stalls selling
58 stall noun gian hàng A small booth or stand where goods are sold. booth, kiosk -
fresh produce.
A small, standalone structure often used for There's a kiosk in the mall selling handmade
59 kiosk noun quán booth, stand -
selling newspapers, snacks, or tickets. crafts.
city beach,
60 urban beach noun bãi biển đô thị A man-made beach located in an urban area. The city created an urban beach by the river. -
artificial beach
A large entrance or reception area in a entrance hall,
61 lobby noun sảnh, hành lang The hotel lobby was elegantly decorated. -
building or hotel. foyer
An activity or campaign that promotes a The store offered special promotions for the marketing,
62 promotion noun khuyến mãi -
product, service, or event. holiday season. advertising
happening,
63 event noun sự kiện A planned public or social occasion. The music festival is a major event in the city. none
occasion
An adventurous activity involving a free fall She experienced an adrenaline rush from
64 bungee jumping noun nhảy dây dẻo thrill, dive -
while connected to a bungee cord. bungee jumping.
A medical examination to assess one's health medical check-
65 health check noun kiểm tra sức khỏe It's advisable to have a health check annually. -
status. up
A place, amenity, or piece of equipment amenity,
66 facility noun cơ sở vật chất The gym is a well-equipped fitness facility. deficiency
provided for a specific purpose. resource
verb/nou To present something for someone to accept present,
67 offer đề nghị, chào bán The store will offer a discount during the sale. decline
n or reject; a proposal or opportunity. propose
 To think about carefully before making a contemplate,
68 consider verb xem xét, cân nhắc I need time to consider the job offer. disregard
decision. ponder
Taking place or located in the open air, outdoor, al
69 open-air adj ngoại trời The concert was an open-air event in the park. indoor
outdoors. fresco
noun/ver A distinctive or characteristic aspect; to The garden's main feature is a beautiful characteristic,
70 feature đặc điểm, nổi bật conceal
b include or showcase prominently. fountain. highlight
Transportation services available for use by private
71 public transport noun giao thông công cộng The city has an efficient public transport system. mass transit
the general public. transport
A place or thing that provides raw materials renewable
72 natural source noun nguồn tự nhiên Solar power is a natural source of energy. artificial source
or energy derived from nature. source
Forms of energy often associated with The sun provides both heat and light to the warmth,
73 heat and light noun nhiệt và ánh sáng darkness
warmth and illumination. planet. illumination
Existing or occurring online or in a computer- Virtual reality allows users to experience simulated,
74 virtual adj ảo real
generated environment. simulated environments. digital
noun/ver A good deal or a product purchased at a
75 bargain món hời, mua hời She found a great bargain at the thrift store. deal, discount overpay
b lower price; to negotiate for a better price.
Having the ability to think imaginatively and The artist's work is known for its creative innovative,
76 creative adj sáng tạo uncreative
produce original ideas. expression. imaginative
The introduction of new ideas, methods, or Technological innovation has transformed many creativity,
77 innovation noun đổi mới tradition
products. industries. invention
strength to Progressing from one level of success or The company has gone from strength to successively
78 phrase ngày càng mạnh mẽ weakening
strength achievement to a higher one. strength in recent years. stronger
READING: MARKETS AROUND THE WORLD
A series of retail outlets that share a brand franchise, retail independent
79 chain store noun chuỗi cửa hàng The chain store has locations across the country.
and central management. chain store

80 identical adj giống nhau Exactly alike; having the same characteristics. The twins looked almost identical. alike, same different

market shop,
81 to shop-markets verb mua sắm tại các chợ The act of buying goods in various markets. She loves to shop-markets for unique finds. -
buy
anywhere,
82 wherever adv bất cứ nơi đâu In any place or any location. You can find these products wherever you go. nowhere
everywhere
83 reveal verb tiết lộ To make something known or visible. The artist will reveal the masterpiece soon. disclose, unveil hide
The customs, traditions, and way of life of a Exploring local culture is an essential part of community
84 local culture noun văn hóa địa phương global culture
specific community or area. traveling. culture
 The practice of farming, including cultivation farming,
85 agriculture noun nông nghiệp The region relies on agriculture for its economy. industry
of the soil and livestock. cultivation
Items that are recently harvested or The market offers a variety of fresh products processed
86 fresh product noun sản phẩm tươi mới fresh produce
produced and have not been preserved. daily. product
Handmade items and objects of historical handcrafted
87 craft and antique phrase đồ thủ công và cổ The store specializes in craft and antique items. modern items
value. goods
distinct,
88 unique adj độc đáo One of a kind; having no equal. The artist creates unique sculptures. common
singular

89 great price phrase giá tốt A favorable cost or affordable price. The sale offers great prices on selected items. reasonable cost expensive

sell direct to To sell products directly to consumers sell through

90 phrase bán trực tiếp cho ai đó The farm sells its produce direct to customers. retail directly
someone without intermediaries. intermediaries

91 without prep/adv không có Not having or lacking something. They enjoyed the meal without any complaints. lacking, free of with

Eco-friendly packaging is essential for wrapping,

92 packaging noun bao bì The materials used to wrap or protect goods. unpacking
sustainability. covering
The act of transporting goods from one place transportation,
93 shipping noun vận chuyển Free shipping is offered for online orders. receiving
to another. delivery
The activity of promoting products, services, Effective advertising can boost sales promotion,
94 advertising noun quảng cáo concealment
or brands. significantly. marketing
verb/nou To become or make greater in size, amount,
95 increase tăng The company aims to increase its market share. grow, rise decrease
n or degree.
noun/ver The amount of money required for
96 cost chi phí The cost of living in the city is high. expense, price savings
b something.
A product that is out of the ordinary or The boutique offers a range of unusual common
97 unusual product phrase sản phẩm độc đáo unique item
uncommon. products. product
Produced in large quantities using assembly manufactured,
98 mass-produced adj sản xuất hàng loạt Most electronic gadgets are mass-produced. handmade
line techniques. bulk
99 vary verb thay đổi To change or differ in some way. Prices may vary depending on the location. differ, change remain same
greatly,
100 hugely adv lớn, nhiều To a very great degree or extent. The event was hugely successful. slightly
immensely
In a manner that is consistent or in The schedule may change according to weather as per, in line
101 according to prep theo như contrary to
agreement with something. conditions. with
 A large deer with palmate antlers, found in
102 moose noun con hươu cao cổ We spotted a moose in the forest. elk, deer -
northern Eurasia and North America.
A large deer with antlers, found in Arctic and
103 reindeer noun tuần lộc Santa's sleigh is often pulled by reindeer. caribou, deer -
subarctic regions.
104 bear salami noun xúc xích thịt gấu A type of sausage made from bear meat. In some regions, people consume bear salami. game meat -
Made or grown in the nearby area or
105 locally produced phrase sản xuất địa phương The market emphasizes locally produced goods. nearby-made imported
community.
The store offers a range of reasonably priced
106 reasonably priced phrase giá hợp lý Priced at a level that is fair and affordable. affordable, fair expensive
items.
second-hand quần áo đã qua sử Clothing items that have been previously She found a beautiful dress in the second-hand
107 noun used clothing new clothing
clothes dụng owned or worn by someone else. clothes store.
Characteristic of a period of origin; high-
108 vintage adj/noun cổ điển, hàng cổ She collects vintage clothing from the 1950s. classic, retro modern
quality and lasting appeal.
socially
ethically made quần áo sản xuất đạo Clothing produced in a manner that aligns The brand is known for its ethically made unethical
109 phrase conscious
clothes đức with ethical and fair practices. clothes. clothing
clothing

The artist creates original items using recycled mass-

110 original item phrase sản phẩm độc đáo A unique or one-of-a-kind product. unique product
materials. produced item

create a unique tạo ra vẻ ngoại hình To assemble or combine items in a way that Mixing and matching can help create a unique distinctive
111 phrase standard look
look độc đáo expresses an individual style. look. appearance
A small shop or booth at a market where They set up a market stall to showcase
112 market stall noun quán hàng tại chợ market booth -
goods are sold. handmade jewelry.
totally original sản phẩm hoàn toàn A product that is entirely unique and not The artist takes pride in creating totally original
113 phrase unique creation common item
item độc đáo replicated elsewhere. items.
get something
mua được một thứ đặc To purchase a unique item at a significantly At the flea market, you can get something really unique find,
114 really special at a phrase full price
biệt với giá rẻ reduced or favorable price. special at a bargain price. great deal
bargain price
A market, typically outdoors, where People often find unique items at the flea bazaar, swap
115 flea market noun chợ trời -
secondhand goods are sold. market. meet
A category or style that is not formal or The gathering had an informal type of non-official
116 informal type phrase loại không chính thức formal type
official. atmosphere. type
unneeded,
117 unwanted adj không mong muốn Not desired or needed; not wanted. The charity shop accepts unwanted clothing. wanted
undesired
 mass-
possibly local có thể là đồ thủ công Handmade items that may be created by potential local
118 phrase The market showcases possibly local crafts. produced
crafts địa phương local artisans. crafts
goods

may not even be có thể thậm chí không Might not be the typical structure for selling The vendors may not even be stalls; it's an open unconventional traditional
119 phrase
stalls phải là gian hàng goods. setup. setup stalls

Individuals or businesses selling goods or The vendors at the fair offered a variety of sellers,
120 vendors noun người bán buyers
services. products. merchants
phrasal To arrange or display something in a The artisans lay out their crafts on tables for
121 lay out bày ra, trải ra arrange, display pack away
verb particular way. customers.
The store offers a variety of goods for different
merchandise,
122 goods noun hàng hóa Items for sale or trade; products. services
needs. wares
on a sheet on the trên một tấm trải trên Placing items for sale on a piece of fabric or At the flea market, vendors often display goods elevated
123 phrase ground display
ground đất material on the ground. on a sheet on the ground. display
have developed
đã phát triển thành Evolved into markets where people sell items Flea markets have developed into car boot sales car trunk traditional flea
124 into car boot phrase
chợ trời xe ô tô directly from their car trunks. in some regions. markets markets
sales
tend to do To have a general inclination or likelihood to People in this neighborhood tend to shop at inclined to,
125 phrase có xu hướng làm gì đó rarely do
something do something. local markets. usually do
handicrafts
đồ thủ công đặc trưng Handmade items reflecting the traditional The market features handicrafts typical of the
126 typical of the phrase regional crafts generic crafts
của khu vực crafts of a specific area. region.
region
There's a bakery nearby that sells delicious
127 nearby adv/adj gần đây Close in proximity or location. close, adjacent distant
pastries.
huge range of một loạt lớn của cái gì A wide variety or extensive selection of The market offers a huge range of textiles and extensive
128 phrase limited range
something đó something. fabrics. selection
fabrics,
129 textiles noun nguyên liệu dệt may Fabrics, including woven or knitted materials. The market specializes in traditional textiles. non-textile
materials
Items made of glass, such as containers or non-glass
130 glassware noun đồ thủy tinh The market stall sells beautiful glassware. glass items
decorative objects. items
pottery, non-ceramic
131 ceramics noun đồ gốm Objects made from clay, especially pottery. The market showcases handmade ceramics.
earthenware items
artworks,
132 art works noun tác phẩm nghệ thuật Creations or pieces produced by artists. The market features a variety of local art works. non-art items
creations
 Priced at a level that is reasonable and within The store offers high-quality items at an
133 affordable price phrase giá phải chăng reasonable cost expensive
financial reach. affordable price.
have beautiful có thảm và thảm
Offer handmade floor coverings that are The market stall has beautiful hand-made rugs handcrafted machine-made
134 hand-made rugs phrase chùm đẹp được làm
aesthetically pleasing. and carpets. rugs carpets
and carpets thủ công
colorful Fabrics woven by hand, often with vibrant The market is known for its colorful handloom handwoven factory-made
135 phrase vải thổ cẩm màu sắc
handloom fabrics and varied colors. fabrics. fabrics fabrics

beautiful silk
136 phrase khăn choàng lụa đẹp Attractive scarves made from silk material. The artisan booth sells beautiful silk scarves. elegant scarves plain scarves
scarves
The market offers a variety of holiday adornment,
137 decoration noun đồ trang trí Items used to adorn or beautify a space. bareness
decorations. ornament
A time associated with celebrations and ordinary
138 festive season noun mùa lễ hội The market is bustling during the festive season. holiday season
joyous occasions. season

something is held một sự kiện được tổ hosted at,

139 phrase An event taking place at a specific location. The annual market is held in the town square. absent from
in somewhere chức ở đâu đó organized in

The Christmas market is made up of wooden composed of,

140 made up of phrase được tạo thành từ Composed or constituted of something. devoid of
huts. consisting of
colourfully
gian hàng gỗ trang trí Wooden stalls adorned with vibrant The market features colourfully decorated plain wooden
141 decorated phrase decorated huts
màu sắc decorations. wooden huts. stalls
wooden huts
traditional đồ thủ công truyền Handmade items following traditional The market promotes and sells traditional
142 phrase classic crafts modern crafts
handicrafts thống crafting methods. handicrafts.
Adorned with patterns or designs created The fabrics at the market are beautifully stitched,
143 embroidered adj được thêu plain
with embroidery. embroidered. adorned
A delicate fabric made of yarn or thread in an The market offers lace products, including
144 lace noun ren openwork, web solid fabric
open weblike pattern. tablecloths and doilies.
wood toys,
145 wooden toys noun đồ chơi gỗ Toys made from wood, often handcrafted. The market stall sells traditional wooden toys. plastic toys
playthings
Visitors can purchase scented candles at the aromatic unscented
146 scented candles noun nến thơm Candles infused with pleasant fragrances.
market. candles candles
Christmas tree đồ trang trí cây thông Decorative items used to adorn Christmas The market has a variety of Christmas tree tree non-holiday
147 phrase
ornaments Giáng Sinh trees. ornaments. decorations decorations
 A small figure or model of a person, animal, The market features traditional handcrafted
148 puppet noun con rối marionette, doll human
or character. puppets.
dolls beautifully
búp bê mặc trang
dressed in Dolls dressed in traditional attire, showcasing The market stall sells dolls beautifully dressed in undressed
149 phrase phục truyền thống dressed dolls
traditional cultural heritage. traditional costumes. dolls
đẹp đẽ
costumes
get all kinds of
mua được mọi loại đồ Purchase a wide variety of items at favorable At the market, you can get all kinds of products limited
150 something at phrase diverse items
với giá tốt prices. at great prices. selection
great prices