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No. English PoS Translation Definition Example Synonym Antonym

UNIT 5. CONSUMERISM
READING: THE FUTURE OF MALLS
We decided to rent a house in the
1 rent verb To lease or hire something.
city.
A large balloon filled with hot air, used for Riding a hot air balloon offers a
2 hot air balloon noun
recreation or transportation. breathtaking view.
The quality of being pleasing, especially to
3 beauty noun She admired the beauty of the sunset.
the senses.
The manner of dealing with or handling The patient received excellent medical
4 treatment noun
someone or something. treatment.
Procedures or services designed to enhance She booked a beauty treatment at the
5 beauty treatment noun
one's physical appearance. spa.
A public display of works of art or other The art exhibition featured many
6 exhibition noun
items of interest. talented artists.
Second World The Second World War had a
7 noun A global war that lasted from 1939 to 1945.
War profound impact on history.
The young are the future of our
8 the young noun Referring to young people collectively.
society.
phrasal To spend time in a particular place or with a We like to hang out at the local coffee
9 hang out
verb particular group of people. shop.
A plaza or area where various food vendors
10 food court noun Let's meet at the food court for lunch.
are clustered.
phrasal To progress or advance; to leave behind After the breakup, it's time to move
11 move on
verb something in the past. on with our lives.
The company aims to provide
12 provide verb To supply or make available for use.
excellent customer service.
Not continuing or existing at the present
13 no longer phrase She is no longer interested in the job.
time.
keep something To maintain the existence or vitality of Conservation efforts aim to keep
14 phrase
alive something. endangered species alive.
mall/shopping A large enclosed shopping complex with Let's meet at the mall for some
15 noun
mall various stores. shopping.
Many people prefer the convenience
16 online shopping noun Buying goods or services over the internet.
of online shopping.
 A location connected to the internet that The company launched a new website
17 website noun
maintains one or more web pages. for online orders.
To continue to live or exist despite difficult Some plants can survive in extreme
18 survive verb
conditions. climates.
The city serving as the seat of government
19 capital noun Hanoi is the capital of Vietnam.
of a country or region.
The financial resources required to establish The developer secured the mall
20 mall capital noun
a shopping mall. capital for the new project.

The region that includes countries in The Middle East is known for its rich
21 Middle East noun
Southwest Asia and parts of North Africa. cultural history.

The eastern part of Asia, including China, East Asia is known for its diverse
22 East Asia noun
Japan, Korea, and surrounding areas. cultures.
To concentrate on a particular activity, field, The company specializes in eco-
23 specialise verb
or product. friendly products.
Meteorologists predict rain for
24 predict verb To foretell or forecast a future event.
tomorrow.
Did you see what happened at the
25 happen verb To take place or occur.
event?
More and more people are adopting
26 more and more phrase Increasing in quantity or degree.
sustainable practices.

27 sell verb To exchange goods for money. The store sells a variety of products.

The store offers a wide range of

28 electrical item noun A device or appliance powered by electricity.
electrical items.
The package will include a set of
29 include verb To contain or have as part of a whole.
accessories.
Have you already finished your
30 already adverb By this or that time; before or by now.
homework?
noun/a The central part of a city, typically the Let's explore the shops in downtown
31 downtown
dj commercial and business district. after lunch.
A facility where people participate in the We booked a lane at the bowling alley
32 bowling alley noun
sport of bowling. for Saturday night.
An artificial wall with grips for climbing, The climbing wall at the recreation
33 climbing wall noun
often found in gyms or outdoor venues. center is challenging.
A large venue designed for concerts and The orchestra performed at the grand
34 concert hall noun
musical performances. concert hall.
Madrid is known for its rich cultural
35 Madrid noun The capital and largest city of Spain.
heritage.
A facility that provides various recreational The recreation center offers fitness
36 recreation centre noun
activities and services. classes and sports.
 A day spent together as a family engaging in The zoo is a perfect place for a family
37 a family day out phrase
various activities. day out.
A sloped surface for skiing and The ski slope is open for winter sports
38 ski slope noun
snowboarding. enthusiasts.
A miniature version of golf, played on a We had a fun time playing minigolf in
39 minigolf noun
small course with obstacles. the park.

A small, low-slung racing car with a We raced around the go-kart track for
40 go-kart noun
lightweight frame, used for go-kart racing. adrenaline fun.

A leisure activity where people take a ride in The balloon ride offered stunning
41 balloon ride noun
a hot air balloon. views of the countryside.
A game played with cues on a rectangular
Let's play a game of billiards at the
42 billiard noun table covered with cloth, where players use
pool hall.
billiard balls.
To take hold of something suddenly or She managed to grab the last ticket
43 grab verb
forcefully. for the concert.

High-quality, elegant dining experience They celebrated their anniversary with

44 fine dining noun
often characterized by gourmet cuisine. fine dining at a classy restaurant.

A commercial establishment offering health After a busy week, she treated herself
45 spa noun
and beauty treatments. to a relaxing spa day.
A facility equipped for physical exercise and He goes to the fitness center every
46 fitness centre noun
fitness activities. morning for a workout.
A space where works of art are exhibited The art gallery features a diverse
47 art gallery noun
and displayed. collection of paintings.
The company moved to a new office
48 office space noun A place used for work or business activities.
space downtown.
To provide amusement or enjoyment to The magician's performance was
49 to entertain verb
others. designed to entertain the audience.
The location of the new store is
50 location noun A particular place or position.
convenient for customers.
The owner of the restaurant greeted
51 owner noun A person or entity that owns something.
us warmly.
To continue to exist or be in a particular The historic building will remain
52 remain verb
state. preserved.
remain in To continue operating and conducting Despite challenges, the small shop
53 phrase
business business activities. managed to remain in business.
A pattern of change that is increasing or Sustainable living is a growing trend
54 growing trend phrase
becoming more prevalent. worldwide.
The store offers seasonal discounts in
55 seasonal adj Pertaining to or dependent on the seasons.
the summer.
 Temporary retail establishments that "pop Pop-ups are popular for introducing
56 pop-ups noun
up" for a short duration. new products.
They set up a temporary exhibit for
57 temporary adj Lasting for only a limited period of time.
the weekend.
A small booth or stand where goods are The farmers' market had various stalls
58 stall noun
sold. selling fresh produce.

A small, standalone structure often used for There's a kiosk in the mall selling
59 kiosk noun
selling newspapers, snacks, or tickets. handmade crafts.

A man-made beach located in an urban The city created an urban beach by

60 urban beach noun
area. the river.
A large entrance or reception area in a The hotel lobby was elegantly
61 lobby noun
building or hotel. decorated.
An activity or campaign that promotes a The store offered special promotions
62 promotion noun
product, service, or event. for the holiday season.
The music festival is a major event in
63 event noun A planned public or social occasion.
the city.
An adventurous activity involving a free fall She experienced an adrenaline rush
64 bungee jumping noun
while connected to a bungee cord. from bungee jumping.
A medical examination to assess one's It's advisable to have a health check
65 health check noun
health status. annually.
A place, amenity, or piece of equipment The gym is a well-equipped fitness
66 facility noun
provided for a specific purpose. facility.

verb/no To present something for someone to The store will offer a discount during
67 offer
un accept or reject; a proposal or opportunity. the sale.

To think about carefully before making a

68 consider verb I need time to consider the job offer.
decision.
Taking place or located in the open air, The concert was an open-air event in
69 open-air adj
outdoors. the park.
noun/ve A distinctive or characteristic aspect; to The garden's main feature is a
70 feature Translation
rb include or showcase prominently. beautiful fountain.
Transportation services available for use by The city has an efficient public
71 public transport noun
the general public. transport system.
A place or thing that provides raw materials Solar power is a natural source of
72 natural source noun
or energy derived from nature. energy.
Forms of energy often associated with The sun provides both heat and light
73 heat and light noun
warmth and illumination. to the planet.

Existing or occurring online or in a computer- Virtual reality allows users to

74 virtual adj
generated environment. experience simulated environments.
 noun/ve A good deal or a product purchased at a She found a great bargain at the thrift
75 bargain
rb lower price; to negotiate for a better price. store.

Having the ability to think imaginatively and The artist's work is known for its
76 creative adj
produce original ideas. creative expression.
The introduction of new ideas, methods, or Technological innovation has
77 innovation noun
products. transformed many industries.

strength to Progressing from one level of success or The company has gone from strength
78 phrase
strength achievement to a higher one. to strength in recent years.

READING: MARKETS AROUND THE WORLD

A series of retail outlets that share a brand The chain store has locations across
79 chain store noun
and central management. the country.

80 identical adj Exactly alike; having the same characteristics. The twins looked almost identical.

She loves to shop-markets for unique

81 to shop-markets verb The act of buying goods in various markets.
finds.
You can find these products wherever
82 wherever adv In any place or any location.
you go.
The artist will reveal the masterpiece
83 reveal verb To make something known or visible.
soon.
The customs, traditions, and way of life of a Exploring local culture is an essential
84 local culture noun
specific community or area. part of traveling.
The practice of farming, including cultivation The region relies on agriculture for its
85 agriculture noun
of the soil and livestock. economy.
Items that are recently harvested or The market offers a variety of fresh
86 fresh product noun
produced and have not been preserved. products daily.
Handmade items and objects of historical The store specializes in craft and
87 craft and antique phrase
value. antique items.

88 unique adj One of a kind; having no equal. The artist creates unique sculptures.

The sale offers great prices on

89 great price phrase A favorable cost or affordable price.
selected items.
sell direct to To sell products directly to consumers The farm sells its produce direct to
90 phrase
someone without intermediaries. customers.
prep/ad They enjoyed the meal without any
91 without Not having or lacking something.
v complaints.
The materials used to wrap or protect Eco-friendly packaging is essential for
92 packaging noun
goods. sustainability.
The act of transporting goods from one Free shipping is offered for online
93 shipping noun
place to another. orders.
 The activity of promoting products, services, Effective advertising can boost sales
94 advertising noun
or brands. significantly.
verb/no To become or make greater in size, amount, The company aims to increase its
95 increase
un or degree. market share.
noun/ve The amount of money required for
96 cost The cost of living in the city is high.
rb something.
A product that is out of the ordinary or The boutique offers a range of
97 unusual product phrase
uncommon. unusual products.
Produced in large quantities using assembly Most electronic gadgets are mass-
98 mass-produced adj
line techniques. produced.
Prices may vary depending on the
99 vary verb To change or differ in some way.
location.
100 hugely adv To a very great degree or extent. The event was hugely successful.
In a manner that is consistent or in The schedule may change according
101 according to prep
agreement with something. to weather conditions.
A large deer with palmate antlers, found in
102 moose noun We spotted a moose in the forest.
northern Eurasia and North America.
A large deer with antlers, found in Arctic and Santa's sleigh is often pulled by
103 reindeer noun
subarctic regions. reindeer.
In some regions, people consume
104 bear salami noun A type of sausage made from bear meat.
bear salami.
Made or grown in the nearby area or The market emphasizes locally
105 locally produced phrase
community. produced goods.
The store offers a range of reasonably
106 reasonably priced phrase Priced at a level that is fair and affordable.
priced items.

second-hand Clothing items that have been previously She found a beautiful dress in the
107 noun
clothes owned or worn by someone else. second-hand clothes store.

adj/nou Characteristic of a period of origin; high- She collects vintage clothing from the
108 vintage
n quality and lasting appeal. 1950s.
ethically made Clothing produced in a manner that aligns The brand is known for its ethically
109 phrase
clothes with ethical and fair practices. made clothes.
The artist creates original items using
110 original item phrase A unique or one-of-a-kind product.
recycled materials.
create a unique To assemble or combine items in a way that Mixing and matching can help create
111 phrase
look expresses an individual style. a unique look.
A small shop or booth at a market where They set up a market stall to
112 market stall noun
goods are sold. showcase handmade jewelry.
totally original A product that is entirely unique and not The artist takes pride in creating
113 phrase
item replicated elsewhere. totally original items.
 get something At the flea market, you can get
To purchase a unique item at a significantly
114 really special at a phrase something really special at a bargain
reduced or favorable price.
bargain price price.
A market, typically outdoors, where People often find unique items at the
115 flea market noun
secondhand goods are sold. flea market.
A category or style that is not formal or The gathering had an informal type of
116 informal type phrase
official. atmosphere.
The charity shop accepts unwanted
117 unwanted adj Not desired or needed; not wanted.
clothing.
possibly local Handmade items that may be created by The market showcases possibly local
118 phrase
crafts local artisans. crafts.
may not even be Might not be the typical structure for selling The vendors may not even be stalls;
119 phrase
stalls goods. it's an open setup.
Individuals or businesses selling goods or The vendors at the fair offered a
120 vendors noun
services. variety of products.
phrasal To arrange or display something in a The artisans lay out their crafts on
121 lay out
verb particular way. tables for customers.
The store offers a variety of goods for
122 goods noun Items for sale or trade; products.
different needs.
At the flea market, vendors often
on a sheet on the Placing items for sale on a piece of fabric or
123 phrase display goods on a sheet on the
ground material on the ground.
ground.
have developed
Evolved into markets where people sell Flea markets have developed into car
124 into car boot phrase
items directly from their car trunks. boot sales in some regions.
sales
tend to do To have a general inclination or likelihood to People in this neighborhood tend to
125 phrase
something do something. shop at local markets.
handicrafts
Handmade items reflecting the traditional The market features handicrafts
126 typical of the phrase
crafts of a specific area. typical of the region.
region
There's a bakery nearby that sells
127 nearby adv/adj Close in proximity or location.
delicious pastries.
huge range of A wide variety or extensive selection of The market offers a huge range of
128 phrase
something something. textiles and fabrics.
Fabrics, including woven or knitted The market specializes in traditional
129 textiles noun
materials. textiles.
Items made of glass, such as containers or The market stall sells beautiful
130 glassware noun
decorative objects. glassware.
The market showcases handmade
131 ceramics noun Objects made from clay, especially pottery.
ceramics.
 The market features a variety of local
132 art works noun Creations or pieces produced by artists.
art works.
Priced at a level that is reasonable and The store offers high-quality items at
133 affordable price phrase
within financial reach. an affordable price.
have beautiful
Offer handmade floor coverings that are The market stall has beautiful hand-
134 hand-made rugs phrase
aesthetically pleasing. made rugs and carpets.
and carpets

colorful Fabrics woven by hand, often with vibrant The market is known for its colorful
135 phrase
handloom fabrics and varied colors. handloom fabrics.

beautiful silk The artisan booth sells beautiful silk

136 phrase Attractive scarves made from silk material.
scarves scarves.
The market offers a variety of holiday
137 decoration noun Items used to adorn or beautify a space.
decorations.
A time associated with celebrations and The market is bustling during the
138 festive season noun
joyous occasions. festive season.

something is held The annual market is held in the town

139 phrase An event taking place at a specific location.
in somewhere square.

The Christmas market is made up of

140 made up of phrase Composed or constituted of something.
wooden huts.
colourfully
Wooden stalls adorned with vibrant The market features colourfully
141 decorated phrase
decorations. decorated wooden huts.
wooden huts
traditional Handmade items following traditional The market promotes and sells
142 phrase
handicrafts crafting methods. traditional handicrafts.
Adorned with patterns or designs created The fabrics at the market are
143 embroidered adj
with embroidery. beautifully embroidered.
A delicate fabric made of yarn or thread in The market offers lace products,
144 lace noun
an open weblike pattern. including tablecloths and doilies.
The market stall sells traditional
145 wooden toys noun Toys made from wood, often handcrafted.
wooden toys.
Visitors can purchase scented candles
146 scented candles noun Candles infused with pleasant fragrances.
at the market.
Christmas tree Decorative items used to adorn Christmas The market has a variety of Christmas
147 phrase
ornaments trees. tree ornaments.
A small figure or model of a person, animal, The market features traditional
148 puppet noun
or character. handcrafted puppets.
 dolls beautifully
dressed in Dolls dressed in traditional attire, The market stall sells dolls beautifully
149 phrase
traditional showcasing cultural heritage. dressed in traditional costumes.
costumes
get all kinds of
Purchase a wide variety of items at favorable At the market, you can get all kinds of
150 something at phrase
prices. products at great prices.
great prices