Knowing yourself is the beginning of all wisdom by Aristotle.

My perception in this quote

is that in order to perceive your surroundings, you first need to have an internal understanding
about yourself because how do we expect to make sense of the things or the phenomenon
around us if we cannot explain or if we did not know ourselves entirely? When we are trying
to learn more about ourselves, We self-reflect and we ask questions about what are our
hobbies, what are our dislikes and likes, what are our strengths and weaknesses. And by
doing that we are starting wisdom within ourselves because we are trying to make a
comprehensible conception of who we are.

Wonder is the feeling of the philosopher, and philosophy begins in wonder. We've
learned that philosophy’s main purpose or fundamental function is to make use of our curiosity
to seek out knowledge and to solve the different questions of our society. And by doing so, we
are being philosophers, we are doing philosophy because we are using our wonder and
wisdom as our drive to get answers and contribute to the growing body of knowledge.

What is the real reason of your existence. In my opinion it is not accidental that I am existing
in this world. I believe my purpose of living is to experience the world itself and be exposed to
different situations that could help me grow to be a better person and someday fulfill my dream
of being an architect.

Philosophy is the act of asking questions wherein we are seeking knowledge and developing
a comprehensive conception of the world. Philosophy came from the greek word philo or philia
which means love or desire, and also the latin word sofia which means wisdom. That is why
philosophy translates to the love of wisdom or the desire not only to possess knowledge but
also how to apply it correctly.

OTHER DEFINITION OF PHILOSOPHY:

1. Philosophy is a scientific knowledge which explains the reason why.
2. Philosophy seeks a comprehensible, all-inclusive view of reality.
3. Philosophy explains beings in its formal and ultimate or final cause.
4. Philosophy attains genuine knowledge because we are understanding the inner
intelligible structure of beings.
5. Philosophy is a superior kind of knowledge endeavor because we are digging down to
the very root of things.

Philosopher means lover of wisdom or someone who practices philosophy and attempts to
find out the truth. The first man to call himself a philosopher is Pythagoras who was also a
Greek Mathematician. He was previously called a sage, which means those who know but he
considered himself as a philosopher when Leon, a tyrant of Philius inquired who he was. He
disclaimed the term “sophist” because he believes that God is the only one who is truly wise
and possesses perfect wisdom. That is why in respect to the all-knowingness of God, he
thought it would be better if the seekers of wisdom are called philosophers instead. Not only
that but he also said that men and women are categorized into three groups:
1) Those that love pleasure
2) Those that love activity
3) Those that love wisdom
 1. Logic- it is about being able to differentiate correct reasoning from wrong to derive a
rational and analytical approach to a given situation.

2. Axiology- study of the nature, origin and significance of values, vices and virtues. It is
connected to Aesthetics and Ethics. Aestethics is how we appreciate arts and beauty
wherein all of us give value to an object or subject differently. Ethics depends on our
morality and self-principles to know if our action would be in accordance to our values.

3. Political Philosophy- focuses on the movement of the government as well as

criticizing their policies and principles to discern whether it would affect the community.
It also states the ethics applied in a society regarding their behavior and action within
the community.

Importance of Philosophy
1. It leads us to a broader understanding of man and experience (Bigger body of knowledge)
1. It gives man pleasure and satisfaction (fulfills curiosity)
2. It serves man a better understanding of himself and his fellow human beings (connection)
3. Philosophy acquaints a person to the various philosophical thinkers of the past and his
time. It will guide him in making day to day decisions, life and experiences (getting to know
prominent people)
4. It gives other sciences a sense of meaning (knowing which is good or bad)

PHILOSOPHICAL THEORIES ABOUT MAN

1. Man is just a body or only a soul or spirit
Proponent: Karl Marx
Implication: Man is merely a machine; Man is treated like a tool to attain selfish motives.
So ineexplain po dito yung Theory of Marxism kung saan meron daw pong dalawang classes
ang society, yung workers or employee at tsaka yung capitalists or yung mga nagcocontrol ng
production at business. So dito po, sinasabi po na yung mga worker ay ginagamit lamang for
other’s exploitation kaya po masasabi natin na machine lang sila kasi sunud-sunuran po sa
kagustuhan ng ibang tao.

2. Man is reduced to a genital organ.

Proponent: Sigmund Freud
Implication: Man is treated as a sex object only.
Man is only needed to satisfy or give pleasure only kung saan ang naging example nga po
natin is yung pag iyak ng mga baby kapag kailangan nila ng attention, pag inom ng gatas
kapag nagugutom.

3. Man is a product of imagination

Proponent: David Hume
Implication: Man is not true or existing.

So dito po, sinasabi po na lahat daw po ng ginagawa natin ay naiimpluwensiyahan ng mina-

manifest nating thoughts and imagination. Ang example nga po natin dito is kapag feeling mo
matalino ka, yun yung lumalabas at naipapakita sa ibang tao. Kapag naman feeling mo may
sakit ka kasi nilalamigan ka, mamumutla ka. Kaya po natin nasabi na we are not true or
existing kasi nakabase po tayo kung ano yung tumatakbo sa imahinasyon natin.
 4. Man is an animal
Proponent: Charles Darwin
Implication: Man has no dignity; Man is an accidental result of change; Man is nothing.
So ineexplain po dito yung Theory of Evolution kung saan tayo daw pong mga tao ang highest
form of animal. But despite that, we still do many things or decisions without using our rational
thinking if tama or mali ba yung gagawin natin. That’s why we have no dignity, we are the
accidental result of change, and we are nothing kasi even if hindi tama, mas pinipili pa din
natin na gawin yung mali.

5. Man is a union of body and soul only

Proponent: Rene Descartes
Implication: Man has no personhood.
Sinasabi dito na tayo daw ay walang spiritual perspective or divine reasoning. Tayo daw ay
sumasalalay lamang sa human reasoning natin kung saan ang pagpapakahulugan natin sa
isang bagay ay base lamang sa nakikita at alam natin.

6. Man is an expression of the idea of man.

Proponent: George Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel
Implication: Man has no freedom at all.
Dito sa theory na ito, dependent ang ating identity sa environment natin. Nakasalalay po yung
actions natin sa sasabihin ng ibang tao. Halimbawa ay palihim kang parte ng lgbt community
pero dahil inaayawan ng pamilya mo ang ganon, mas pinipili mo na umarte nalang ayon sa
gusto nilang makita sayo.

Pilosopo- philippine set-up which describes someone who plays with words to come off as
funny. Referred to as KSP or kulang sa pansin because they are thought to be desperate for
attention.

PILOSOPO IS PHILOSOPHER IF:

1. If his intention of twisting ideas is to view things in a different way.
2. If his questions stem from genuine confusion and implies he want to learn the truth.

PILOSOPO IS NOT PHILOSOPHER IF:

1. If he plays with words just for fun.
2. If he raises questions just to prove he is smart and know the answer to his own
question.