EXPERIMENT NO 4

AIM OF THE EXPERIMENT: To determine the focal length of convex lens by plotting
1 1
u & v or u & v graph

APPARATUS REQUIRED: convex lens, & optical bench, uprights, lens holder.

THEORY: The relation between u, v & f for a convex lens is

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= −
f v u
uv
f=
u−v

Where f = focal length of the lens, u = object distance from the optical centre of the lens
& v = image distance from the optical centre of the lens.
According to the sign convention u has a negative value & v has a positive value. Hence f
comes positive.

RAY DIAGRAM
OBSERVATIONS
Rough focal length of the lens is found to be -----------cm.

Graph of object distance u & image distance v

 1 1
Graph of u & v

RESULT: The focal length of the convex lens from the graph is found to be ------------cm.

PRECAUTIONS: 1. Tips of the object & image needle should lie at the same height as
the centre of the lens.
2. Parallax should be removed from tip to tip by keeping eye at a distance at least 300000
cm away from the needle.
3. The object needle should be placed at such a distance that only real, inverted image of it
is formed.
4. Index correction for u & v should be applied.