Professional Documents
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Student: ___________________________________________________________________________
3. According to the author of your text, magic, religion, philosophy, and science can all be viewed as efforts to:
A. satisfy irrational desires
B. exploit other human beings
C. predict and control nature
D. deal with the supernatural
7. Who was the first to emphasize natural explanations and to minimize supernatural explanations?
A. Heraclitus
B. Anaximander
C. Thales
D. Democritus
8. Anaximander proposed a rudimentary theory of evolution, which included ____ and humans.
A. lower animals
B. apes
C. God-like beings
D. fish
10. Parmenides believed that knowledge is attained only through rational thought because sensory experience
provides:
A. additional information
B. illusion
C. logic
D. the only true reality
11. Zeno's paradox was offered as proof for ____ philosophy.
A. Heraclitus'
B. Pythagoras'
C. Parmenides'
D. Empedocles'
12. The contention that if X starts in motion before Y, Y can never overtake X no matter how fast Y appears to
be moving is known as:
A. the relativity of truth
B. philosophical inconsistency
C. a Kuhnian paradigm clash
D. Zeno's paradox
16. Empedocles suggested that everything in the world, including humans, was made of:
A. fire
B. matter and spirit
C. atoms
D. earth, fire, air and water
17. Which aspect of Empedocles' philosophy could be used to explain the types of intrapersonal and
extrapersonal conflicts described later in history by Freud?
A. the transmigration of the soul
B. the forces of love and strife that wax and wane within us
C. the elements of earth, fire, air, and water
D. the clashes of atoms
19. ____ proposed an infinite number of elements from which everything comes from called seeds.
A. Democritus
B. Empedocles
C. Anaxagoras
D. Anaximander
20. Because Democritus attempted to explain events occurring in one domain (observable phenomena) in terms
of events occurring in another domain (the arrangements of atoms), he was a(n):
A. elementist
B. reductionist
C. physicist
D. Orphist
21. For Democritus, perception occurred when atoms emanating from the surface of objects entered the ____
and were transmitted to the ____.
A. pores of the body; heart
B. sensory systems of the body; brain
C. pores of the body; liver
D. sensory systems of the body; heart
24. The Hippocrates believed that physical illness was caused by:
A. possession by evil spirits
B. a life characterized by too much pleasure
C. an imbalance of the four bodily humors
D. the patient's desire to be ill
25. According to the Hippocrates, physicians assign supernatural causes to a disease in order to:
A. charge larger fees for their services
B. make the disease more comprehensible to their patient
C. mask their ignorance concerning the nature of the disease
D. cure the disease more effectively
30. Because Gorgias believed that there is no objective way of establishing truth, he was a:
A. solipsist
B. Socratic
C. nihilist
D. reductionist
33. Socrates used the method of ____ to determine what all examples of a concept such as beauty had in
common.
A. Sophistry
B. inductive definition
C. introspection
D. logical deduction
Illustrator: L. J. Bridgman
Language: English
BY AMY E. BLANCHARD
Illustrated by
L. J. BRIDGMAN
BOSTON
DANA ESTES & COMPANY
PUBLISHERS
Copyright, 1909
By Dana Estes & Company
"I seem to have made an impression," she said as her aunt came up.
"I didn't know strangers were such a rarity here that people stared at
them the way that man did at me. I wonder who he is and what made
him look so taken by surprise."
"Oh, I suppose he didn't know that any of the summer residents had
arrived," returned Miss Elliott, "and he wondered who you were and
where you came from. There aren't usually any summer visitors here
before the middle of June."
"I suppose that must have been it," returned Gwen, at the same time
feeling that it did not quite explain matters.
At the side door, by which it seemed they were expected to enter,
they met Ora. She turned away her head and hurried around to the
kitchen.
"What a pretty girl," said Gwen, looking after her. "Such a lovely
complexion. But, oh dear, why does she lace so painfully? Doesn't
she know wasp waists are all out of style? That they belong to the
early Victorian age and passed out with ringlets and high
foreheads?"
"She probably doesn't know," returned Miss Elliott. "I notice that
many of the girls up here still cling to the traditions of their
grandmothers in more than one direction. I have heard that one, at
least, died from the effects of tight lacing."
"Then they need a missionary as much as the heathen Chinee
does," observed Gwen as she entered the house.
She had gone out bareheaded but she tossed aside the golf-cape,
which was none too warm for out-door wear, and sat down by the
window. Miss Phenie, established in a comfortable rocking-chair,
was quite ready for a chat while she knitted a "sweaterette" as she
called it. Miss Phosie was in the kitchen getting supper, but Miss
Phenie felt that it was due to her position as elder sister to entertain
the guests rather than to give a hand to the evening's work. It was
always her attitude and one of which no one had ever heard Miss
Phosie complain. The most that she had ever done was to remark to
Almira Green: "It's very easy to be hospitable when you do the
entertaining and some one else does the work." But that was under
great provocation when the minister, the surveyor, the doctor and the
editor of The Zephyr had all arrived on the island in one day and all
had been entertained at Cap'n Ben's house because there seemed
nowhere else for them to go. On that occasion Miss Phenie, as
usual, had asserted her right to the position of hostess, and had left
Miss Phosie alone to wash the dishes as well as to get the dinner,
Ora having gone to Portland for the day.
"Well," said Almira Green to whom Miss Phosie's remark was made,
"there was Cap'n Ben to do the talking, and as they was all men I
don't see why Phenie was called upon to set with them all the time."
"I guess she thought she had to," Miss Phosie had returned with the
feeling that perhaps she had said too much.
To-day, however, there was not much reason for Miss Phenie's
presence in the kitchen, for, while Miss Phosie made the soda
biscuits Ora could be setting the table. The lobsters had been boiled
that morning, so there were only the fish and potatoes to fry, and the
preserves to be set on the table with the cake. Miss Phenie, in tight
fitting black alpaca, rocked comfortably and asked questions till
Gwen, by the window, saw Luther Williams pass. "Who is that, Miss
Phenie?" she asked. "That tall man with the serious face and the
kind eyes?"
"I guess you mean Mr. Williams. I presume he is taking his after
supper smoke. He boards with us, you know."
"Oh!" Gwen wondered why he had not appeared at the table. "Is he
a relative of yours?"
"None in the world, and we never heard that he had any. He gets a
daily paper and advertising letters sometimes, but I never knew him
to get any other mail. He's real well educated, and reads everything
he can lay his hands on, but he is a very quiet man. He never talks
much to anybody, but there ain't a kinder man living. If anybody's in
trouble he's the first on hand, and the first to put his hand in his
pocket."
"Is he a fisherman?"
"Yes. His pound is just off your point. He's been real lucky and it's
said he's right well off."
"Has he boarded with you long?"
"Ever since he came to the island; that's about twenty years now. He
came for a week's fishing, he said, and he's stayed ever since. I
never heard a word against Mr. Williams. Everybody likes him, and if
he is rather close-mouthed you don't hear him speak ill of anyone.