INDEX

S.NO. TOPIC

1. ACNOWLEDGEMENT

2. PROJECT DETAILS

3. INTERODUCTION

4. TYPE OF BUILDING

s. CONSTRUCTION OF BUILDING

6. ON SITE

7. CONCLUSION
 ACKNOWLEDGMENT

I take opportunity to extend my gratitude to PUBLIC WORK DEPARTM ENT for providing me

with an unbelievable practical learning experience during summer training.

First and foremost I would like to thank Mr. Sanjay Shukla and Mr. Ajeet Singh w ho supports

me through inspiring towards this report. He had provided me a nice industrial experience.

Last but not the least; I express my gratitude toward my family members, my teacher and

college friends for their kind co-operation and encouragement which help me in completion

of this training.

AKSHAY UPADHYA

S™SEMESTER

R.R.I.M.P

LUCKNOW
 PROJECT DETAILS

Pradhanmantri Aavas Yoiana

Pradhanmantri aavas yojana an ultimate reflection of the urban

chic lifestyle located in Khalilabad, Sant Kabir Nagar. The project hosted in it's lap exclusively
designed Residential building each being an epitome of elegance and simplicity.
Located at khalilabad in Sant Kabir Nagar.

Size: -The project is spread over an area of 5000 Sq.M.

Area: - The area of 2 BHK apartment range from 839 sqft to 869 sqft.
 INTRODUCTION

The basic need of human existences is food, clothing's. & shelter. For times immemorial man has been
making efforts in improving their standard of living. The point of his efforts has been to provide an
economic and efficient of security, responsibility and shown the social status of man .

Every human being has an inherent liking for a peaceful environment needed for his pleasant
living, this object is achieved by having a place of living situated at t he safe and convenient location
such a place for comfortable and pleasant living requires considered and kept in view.

• A peaceful environment.
• Safety from all nature source & climate conditions..
• General facilities for community of his residential area.

The Engineer has to keep it in mind the municipal conditions, building bye laws, environment,
financial capacity, water supply, sewage arrangement, provisions of future, aeration, ventilation etc;
in suggestion a particular type of plan to any client.
 TYPES OF BUILDING

Buildings are classified on the basis of character of occupancy and type of use as.

1. Residential Building

2. Educational Building

3. Institutional Building

4. Industrial Building

1) RESIDENTIAL BUILDING: -
In such building sleeping accommodation is .
provided. It indudes the living room, bed room, kitchen, hall, toilets and bath. It may
be a single building or apartment.

2) EDU CATIONAL BUI LDING : -

These include any building using for

school, colleges, assembly for instruction, education or recreation.

3 ) INSTITUTIONAL BU ILDING: -
These buildings are used for different
purposes, such as medical or other treatment or care of a person suffering from a
physical or mental illnesses. These building include hospital, sanatoria, jail, etc.

4 ) INDUSTRIAL BU ILDING: -

These are building in which products or

materials of all kind properties are fabricated, assembled, processed. For example

refineries, gas plant, mills etc.

 CONSTRUCTION OF BUI LDING

There are some steps to build any apartment,

1. Site dearance.

2. Surveying and layout.

3. Excavation.

4. Concreting.

5. Wall construction.

6. Beam and columns.

7. Finishing and whitewashing

I. SITE CLEARANCE: -
A number of conditions determine the kind of building that

may be erected on a plot of ground. These conditions determine where on the plot

it may be located. These are also covenants that are legally binding regulation. These

may be setting height of building, prohibit utility of building or ban rooftop network
towers etc.

Zoning laws regulated the setback and other factors that play into equation of
house location a lot Septic tank also requires special considerations and a

certification of occupancy is also for some loading and legal processes.

II. SURVEYING AND LAYOUT: -

Survey is the first step done in any construction site

so as to get the required level of surface. It is also used In level transferring during

construction of retaining wall.

Generally at site survey is carried out by following two instruments: -

• Total Station

• Auto level
111.EXH IVITION : -
After site clearance the layout of structure In the site could

be planned with respect the given foundation plans. Being earth excavation and take

trenches accordingly. A Foundation is the lower portion of building that transfers its

gravity loads into the earth.

Foundation w ork is done based on drawing provided by the architect. The size of

the foundation, depth, width and length etc. Kind of foundation is also.

IV. CONCRETING: -
During constructing a building we use the concrete on the

f loor, roof, lintels, arches, beams, columns and other load bearing components of
building.

Concrete is t he most powerful material which is bear t he compress load of the

building. Concrete is made of fine aggregate, course aggregate, cement water and
some admixture.

During training the building was made by the proper M -30 grade concrete.

v. WALL CONSTRUCTION : -
After making a frame of building we make walls

on them for partition. To make boundaries room, kitchen, toilet, hall we make walls.

Walls give us privacy. For connecting the whole house and providing the support to
the beam etc.

VI.BEAMS AND COLUMNES: -

To transfer the load of the building on the

foundation we make the proper designed structure which Is given by the architect.

Beams and columns are the most important component of the building. It's provide

stability to building.
Vi l. FIN ISHIN G A ND W HITEWASHIN G: -
After making building by the using follow st eps

we make building attractive and beautiful. We whitewash or provided the finishing

in building components.

This is the last step of making building

SITE CLEARANCE SURVEYING AND LAYOUT

EXIVITION CO NCRETING

WALL CONSTRUCTION BEAMS ND COULMNES

FINISHING AND WHITEWASHING

 ON SITE

1) STORAGE OF MATERIALS: -

i) STORAGE OF CEMENT: -
According to the rule book, Cement should be store

on dry or moisture less place and 10-20 cm up from the surface.

On the site the cement was stored according to the rule.

iii) STORAGE OF OTHER MATERIOLS: -

On a site other materials was stored in a
basement because basement was the safe and protected from everywhere sides
of apartment. Other materials are Tiles, Tharmacoals, Trusses, Further Liquids or
Chemicals (Dr. Fixied Arolite etc.).
2) MAP OF THE SITE : -
According to this layout the w hole apartment are constructed

- fF i I,
-
-
0,-. I L-.
3) APPARTMENT DETAILS: -
In PRADHAN MANTRI AAVAS YOJANA there was
construction under process.

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Figure 6 Figure 7

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Figure 8 Figure 9

2) WALLS: -
In RCC building all w alls are 10 mm w idth and height was up to 2.1

m. Wall are also made by the Reinforcement.

3) ROOF: -
In RCC building the all Roof/Sffab w1·dth was up to 20 cm.

Slab was Two Way Slab .

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Figure 10 Figure 11

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Figure 12
4) FORM W ORK: -
In RCC building they were using the steel farma for making

the Slab, Walls, Balcony, Beam etc.

That form work is called Melamine formwork that size was different type:
i) Size 1=100 X 600 MM ii) Size 2.:300 X 600 MM

iii) Size 3::500 X 600 MM iv) Size 5=600 X 2000

MM

For hold the scaffolding they were using iron plate that plate was 25 cm length, 2mm thick

and 4cm bright. After concreting, they take out that plate from the wall s by the help of

hammer. Before fix the plate, they are plating the layer of Greece on it. By the plating of

Greece it will make easy to take out the plate from the walls. They were also using the some

key and screw to connect formwork sequence.

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Figure 15 Figure 16

5) FILLIN G M ATERIALS AND HOLES: -

In RCC structure for the fixing the switches box in

the wall they took it and stuck it on the reinforcement by the steel wire. The height and

distance between the two switches were decided and fixed. They fill the box by the filling

material (thermocol). By the thermocol filling we can stop the concrete to fill in the box.

In slab they make 600 mm long and 100 mm deep hole to cross over the shuttering to

one floor to other floor.

7) CONCRETE FILLING IN UNFIILED AREA: -
Some time because of some

reasons we can't fill the concrete in some small area or we forgot to fill concrete.

To fill the concrete on that places we make a concrete M-20 (1:2:4) grade. For

filling we take some steps - Firstly we wet that place by the cement slurry then

we make concrete to fill It. After !that we take a rod and compact the concrete in

the fulfil area.

Figure 19 Figure 20
 7) STAIRS: -

In RCC building the stairs was made by the properly Reinforced

cement concrete in stair they also using the M-30 grade. In Stairs they were using

the 10mm and 12mm die of bars. In RCC building they were making Dog legged

stairs.

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Figure 21 Figure 22
 CONCLUSION

In the summer training I had learnt so many things in building construction. I studied about
how to build a building with concrete and how I could made house of the society.

I got to be proud to complete my training in PWD. I have learnt about the reinforcement, Brick walls,
Slab holes for passing the shuttering one floor to other, Use of filllng materials in construction,
Plastering. Granite use, Tiles floor and the last but not the least connection of us and labours.

Last day of summer training I have learnt about the foundation in bulldlng. Storage of materials, deals
with site engineer, field analysis and communication skills w ith the labours and practical terminology
used In field.

Apart from the field work the problems and barriers of time faced at the site during the construction
procedure. There were certain drawbacks faced during the construction like the labours were not
comfortable with the time durations and showed a laid back attitude,

The overall experience was awe some and we were able to connect with the site and
practical fleld work.