MAHARSHI DAYANAND COLLEGE OF ARTS, SCIENCE, COMMERCE AND HSVC

PAREL, MUMBAI -12

NOTICE (Jr. COLLEGE)
AIDED SECTION
ENVIRONMENT EDUCATION(31)

SYJC - JOURNAL ASSIGNMENTS (2023-24)

ALL THE STUDENTS OF SYJC ARTS , SCIENCE, COMMERCE & HSVC ARE HEREBY
INFORMED THAT YOU ARE REQUIRED TO WRITE THE ENVIRONMENT
EDUCATION JOURNAL ASSIGNMENTS IN THE ENVIRONMENT EDUCATION
PROJECT BOOK.

JOURNAL ASSIGNMENT NO . 1 :
Explain various push and pull factors responsible for the migration of
people.
Answer : The various push and full factors responsible for the migration of
people are as follows:
PUSH FACTORS PULL FACTORS
Unemployment and under Better economic prospects
employment
Economic underdevelopment Higher salary and income
Low wage and salary Better standard of living
Political instability, wars etc. Good Governance
Disputes and conflicts Safety and stability
Lack of freedom Intellectual freedom
Discrimination based on religion and No discrimination
politics
Lack of medical care Better medical care facilities

JOURNAL ASSIGNMENT NO. 2

1. Explain Watershed Management and name any four techniques of

Watershed Management.

Answer : Watershed management basically refers to efficient

management and conservation of surface and groundwater resources. It
 involves prevention of run-off, storage and recharge of groundwater
through various methods like percolation tanks, recharge wells, etc.
However, in broader sense, watershed management includes
conservation, regeneration and judicious use of all resources like land,
water. plants and animals.
Watershed management aims at bringing about balance between natural
resources on one hand and society on the other. The success of watershed
development largely depends upon community participation.

The four Techniques of watershed management are:

1.Loose boulder structure 2. Farm ponds
3. Gabion structure 4.Countour trenches

JOURNAL ASSIGNMENT NO. 3

What is Eco – labelling? What are its benefits?

Answer : Eco-labelling is the use of labels on products to show how

environment friendly they are.
Eco-labelling is a method of environmental performance certification and
labelling that is practised around the world.
Its benefits are:
An eco-label makes the customer more aware of the benefits of certain
products, for example, recycled paper or toxic-free cleaning agents.
It promotes energy efficiency and waste minimization.
It helps in reducing environmental damage. It improves industry image and sale
of product.
It helps to increase consumer awareness, and encourage them to identify and
purchase environment friendly products.
Industries become more accountable for producing and marketing products.
Eco-friendly.

JOURNAL ASSIGNMENT NO. 4

Name and explain any two elements of sustainable agriculture in respect

to cropping methods:

Answer : 1. Mixed cropping : In this method different crops are grown in the
same field. Crops are mixed in such a way that they can benefit each other. For
example, 'Tur' is planted in between the rows of cotton plants. Because of such
practice atmospheric nitrogen is fixed in the soil by 'Tur' and used by both
plants.
Advantages of mixed cropping are:
Minimizing the risk of total crop failure
Pest and disease control
Weed control
Protection of soil from erosion
Improves soil fertility.

2. Crop rotation : Monocotyledon crops repeatedly grown in the same place

eventually depletes various nutrients. Crop rotation is the practice of growing a
series of different crops in the same space.
Crop rotation gives the following benefits:
Maintains the balance of nutrients.
Improve soil structure and fertility.
Reduces requirement of other fertilizers.
Inhibits the growth of different pests.
Keeps the land under continuous production.

JOURNAL ASSIGNMENT NO. 5

What are the sources of noise pollution? Explain the ways to reduce
it.
Answer : Sources of noise pollution:
The ambient noise level in urban area is increasing mainly by man-made
sources.
The major disadvantage of technological development is noise pollution.
The intensity of noise is high in densely populated area viz. metropolitan cities,
industrial area, airports, railway stations and bus stations.
In industrial areas, gigantic machinery running at high speed produces sounds of
different intensities. These sounds add to noise pollution.
Machinery used at construction sites. automobiles, blowing horns of vehicles
are also responsible for noise pollution,
In the following ways noise pollution can be reduced:
Replacement of noisy devices / parts, effective cushioning to minimize
vibrations, proper greasing and oiling to avoid frictions and using of proper
silencers are effective ways to minimize noise pollution at source level.
The noise of factories can be minimized by construction of proper sound-proof
walls, doors, ceilings etc. The factory workers should be provided with proper
ear plugs.
Construction of residential complexes near railway station, bus station, airports
and busy industrial areas should be avoided.
Loud speakers should be regulated in public places. Periodic servicing and
pollution tests of buses, trucks and cars should be mandatory to minimize noise
from the engine.
Stringent action should be taken against people who are violating rules of
Environmental Protection Act.
Proper development of green belts, plantation of specific species of trees helps
and other noisy areas. to absorb excessive noise from industrial areas.

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