PHYSICAL EDUCATION REVIEWER
BALLROOM & SOCIAL DANCES CHA-CHA-CHA
• The word “ball” is from the Latin word
ballare, which means dance.
• Ballroom dancing can be divided into two
styles: Standard ballroom and Latin
ballroom.
STANDARD DANCES
• Standard dances are smooth, flowing
ballroom dances that move around the
entire dance floor in a counterclockwise
movement.
• Types of standard dances:
- Foxtrot
- Waltz
- Tango
- Viennese waltz
- Quick Step
FOXTROT
• a graceful ballroom dance, in which couples
use a combination of long walking
movements and short quick steps to glide
across the dance floor.
WALTZ
• It is a smooth, progressive dance that
travels around the line of a dance,
characterized by its “rise and fall” action.
• It is also considered by some as the
“mother of present-day dances” and the
backbone of the ballroom.
TANGO
• It is a sensual ballroom dance that
originated in South America during the early
20th century.
VIENNESE WALTZ
• It is the first ballroom dance to be performed
in the closed-hold position.
• It is danced about twice as fast as the waltz
and is a rotary dance where dancers are
continually turning either in a clockwise or
counter-clockwise direction
LATIN DANCES
• These dances stay in one place on the
dance floor.
• They are energetic dances and reflect the
shift in rhythm of the music being danced to.
• The category of Latin dances in the
international dancesport competitions
consists of the cha-cha-cha, rumba,
samba, paso doble, and also the jive of
United States origin.
• It is a derivative of the mambo and a
stepchild of the swing.
JIVE
• The fastest of the Latin dances.
• It is a very happy, boppy, energetic dance
with plenty of knee-lifting, bending, and
rocking of hips.
SAMBA
• It is considered the dance of celebration and
joy.
• In Brazil, a samba dancer is called a
sambista.
PASO DOBLE
• It originated in southern France.
• The male dancer represents the matador,
while the female dancer represents the
matador’s cape.
RUMBA
• Considered the sexiest of the ballroom
dances.
HIP-HOP DANCES
HIP-HOP
• Also referred to as street dance.
• Found in the Bronx, New York City in 1970
performed by African Americans and Latin
Americans.
• Best known for its impact in the form of the
musical genre of the same name.
B-BOYING or BREAKDANCING
• Also called breakdancing, is the first hip-hop
dance style that originated among Black
and Puerto Rican youths in New York City
during the early 1970s.
B-BOYING SAMPLE STEPS
• Toprock - footwork-oriented steps
performed while standing up.
• Downrock – footwork-oriented steps
performed with both hands and feet on the
floor.
• Freezes - stylish poses
 • Power Moves - comprised of full-body
spins and rotations that give the illusion of
defying gravity.
POPPING
• Popping forces parts of your body outwards,
similar to an explosion within parts of your
body.
LOCKING
• Locking can be identified by its distinctive
stops. Usually performed by stopping the
fast movement that you are doing, locking
your body into a position, holding it, and
then continuing at the same speed as
before.
LOCKING SAMPLE STEPS
• Up-lock
• Down-lock
• Twirl
• Points
• Scooby-doo
KRUMPING
• A freestyle improvisational dance that is
soulful but with powerful moves, which is
often a misconception of anger.
SHUFFLING
• The basic movements of the dance are a
fast heel-and-toe action with a style suitable
or various type of electronic music.
TUTTING
• It is a creative way of making geometric
shapes forming right angle using your body
parts.
WAACKING
• consists of stylized posing and fast
synchronized arm whip-like movements
to the beat of the music.
CHEERDANCE
• coined from the words, cheer and dance
• Cheerleading is a performance of a routine,
usually dominated by gymnastic skills
combined with shouting of cheers and yells.
CHEER
• to shout out words or phrases that may help
motivate and boost the morale of a playing
team and perform better in a game.
DANCE
• physical activity where one expresses
emotions or gestures while performing
bodily movements usually in time with
rhythm.
HISTORY
• Originated in the Great Britain during
1860’s
• 1880 - Cheerleading entered the United
States
• Cheerleading started by men.
• 1920 - Women became involved in
cheerleading.
• 1930 - Cheers were aided by the use of
pompoms.
• 1940 - Women were mainly leading the
cheers.
• 1997 - Cheerleading was recognized as an
independent sport.
LAWRENCE HERKIMER
• Grandfather of Cheerleading
• Legend and innovator in the field of
cheerleading
Founder of:
• National Cheerleaders Association
• Cheerleading Supply Company
• National Cheerleading Magazine called
“Megaphone”
HAND & ARM MOVEMENTS
BEGINNING STANCE
• Feet together, hands
down by the side in blades
CLASP LEG & FEET MOTION
• Hands clasped, at the chin,
elbows in.

LUNGE
OVERHEAD CLASP
• Arms are straight, above the
head in a clasp and slightly in
front of the face.

HITCH
HIGH V
• Arms extended up forming a
“V”, relax the shoulders.

LIBERTY
LOW V
• Arms extended down forming
a “V”, relax the shoulders. JUMPS

TUCK

TOUCHDOWN
• Arms extended straight and
parallel to each other, fist
facing in

T-MOTION STAR/
• Both arms extended SPREAD EAGLE
straight out to the side and
parallel to the ground, relax
the shoulders.

PIKE
 TOE TOUCH

HURDLER/HURKIE

TUMBLING SKILLS

FORWARD ROLL

BACKWARD ROLL

CARTWHEEL

ROUND-OFF