COLLEGE DEPARTMENT

TEACHING ENGLISH IN THE ELEMENTARY GRADES (LANGUAGE ARTS)

WEEK 6

Learning Content Instructional Planning Models for Teaching English

Learning Objectives  Identify various instructional planning models used in
teaching English
 Compare instructional planning models identified
 Adapt a model in designing one’s own instructional plan.
Reference Reyes, R. II. (2021). A Course Module for Teaching English in the
Elementary Grades (Language Arts). Quezon City: Rex Book Store,
Inc.

Instructional planning models help define the elements and activities that would guide
the development of instruction. The following models are just some of the models that could
provide the major components in instructional planning.

ADDIE MODEL

Analysis

Evaluation Design

Implementation Development

The ADDIE model is one of the popular models because of its simplicity and practicality.
The model is traditionally used not just in classrooms, but also in training programs and
analyzing existing curricula. Each of the steps in the model provides an outcome that will be
used in the next. The model is composed of the following elements:
Analysis
Analysis step is where the instructional goals and objectives are established. The
learning environment is also determined, and the learners’ existing skills and knowledge are
identified. The teacher analyzes the context of the learning environment in order to identify
these factors. Some of questions that need to be answered in this phase are:

 Who are the learners and what are their characteristics?

 What learning outcomes are expected?
 What are the constraints that exist? What materials are available?
 How much time is available?

1|Page MARY GRACE D. CADAYDAY, LPT

 COLLEGE DEPARTMENT

Design
The design phase deals with creating an outline of the instruction. This is where the
learning objectives, learning content, strategies to be used, activities, materials, assessment,
and other media needed are put in place. The design phase is logical and sequential. It should
consider how the lesson will be delivered to the learners.
Development
The development phase is where activities, materials, media, and other content
necessary to deliver the instruction based on the design phase are put together. Here, the
teacher needs to take into consideration the methods of delivery determined by the design
phase.
Implementation
During the implementation phase, the instruction is given to the learners and the teacher
should take some time to observe how the learners react to the instruction provided to them.
Furthermore, the teacher would also need to ensure that all equipment and materials necessary
to deliver the lesson are all complete and working like computers, storage devices, internet
connection, or the number of copies of materials.
Evaluation
In the evaluation phase, the teacher looks into the learners’ score results and the notes
that were taken during the implementation phase. The teacher can then analyze these results
and make appropriate adjustments in the next sessions. Some questions that could be
answered in this phase are:

 Were the learning objectives attained?

 Which parts of the plans worked well? Which ones did not?
 What could be done differently in the next lesson or session?

Kemp Design Model

The Kemp Design Model (also known as the Morrison, Ross, and Kemp Model) follows a
circular structure, and its elements should be taken as independent elements. One advantage of
this model is that teachers and instructional designers are given the flexibility to begin the
design process from any of the elements rather than work in a linear fashion as would other
models.
The Kemp Model has nine elements:
Instructional Problems – determine the specific goals and identify the instructional issues that
could arise.
Learner Characteristics – identify the traits and characteristics of learners that should be taken
into consideration in the planning process
Task Analysis – Make course content clear, and analyze the proposed task components in
relation to the goals and purpose of the course
Instructional Objectives – define the instructional objectives and the desired learning outcomes
Content Sequencing – ensure the instructional content are structured sequentially and logically
Instructional Strategies – design the instructional strategies in such a way that individual
learners would be able to learn the content and attain the learning outcomes
Designing the Message – plan the instructional message and the appropriate mode of delivery
Instructional Delivery – develop the necessary instruments in order to effectively achieve the
instructional goals and objectives, taking into consideration the materials available to the
teacher

2|Page MARY GRACE D. CADAYDAY, LPT

 COLLEGE DEPARTMENT

Evaluation Instruments – design and development of the appropriate formative and summative
assessments to determine whether the instructional goals and objectives were attained

Instructional
Problems

Evaluation Learner
Instruments Characteristics

Instructional
Task Analysis
Delivery

Designing the Instructional

Message Objectives

Instructional Content
Strategies Sequencing

ARCS Model
The ARCS model is developed by John Keller in the 1980s. The model’s unique feature
is that it focuses more on the motivation of the learners, ensuring that they are kept engaged
during instruction. Rather than focusing on steps to take in the development of the instructional
plan, the model provides components ARCS has four components:
Attention – This refers to the interests of the learners. This is a critical part of the model as it is
the initial hook of the learners’ attention.
Relevance – This component refers to the usefulness of the learning content so that the
learners could create a connection between it and the real world.
Confidence – This component develops the expectation of success and progress among the
learners, and at the same time gives the learners the opportunity to control their learning
processes. This is important as the learners will have a rough estimation of their probability of
success in the conduct of instruction.
Satisfaction – As there is a direct correlation between motivation and satisfaction, the learners
should have a sense of success and fulfillment after achieving their learning goals and
objectives during the learning process.
KELLER’S ARCS MODEL OF MOTIVATION

3|Page MARY GRACE D. CADAYDAY, LPT

 COLLEGE DEPARTMENT

Attention Relevance

ARCS

Satisfaction Confidence

TEACHING ENGLISH IN THE ELEMENTARY GRADES (LANGUAGE ARTS)

WEEK 6
LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET

Name: Lindyl Love Dinorog Score: 30

Year Level: BEED 3

Directions: What elements of an instructional planning model do you think are the most
important? Create a diagram of your own instructional planning model below. Explain the
elements that you included in your model.

In my model, I included all of the essential elements of instructional planning, including needs
assessment, design, development, implementation, evaluation, and revision. The needs assessment is crucial
for determining the purpose and objectives of the instruction, while the design and development phases
focus on creating a comprehensive and engaging instructional experience. The implementation phase
involves delivering the instruction to the target audience, while the evaluation and revision phases are used
to continuously improve the instruction.

4|Page MARY GRACE D. CADAYDAY, LPT

 COLLEGE DEPARTMENT

5|Page MARY GRACE D. CADAYDAY, LPT