1. The document discusses safety hazards associated with work conducted inside confined spaces. Serious accidents and fatalities continue to occur in confined spaces.
2. The main risks in confined spaces come from toxic and flammable gases, fumes, and vapors that can accumulate from previous processes, adjoining equipment, or the work being performed inside.
3. Activities like welding, burning, cutting, grinding, and use of chemicals, adhesives, or solvents can produce fumes, gases, or vapors in confined spaces. Proper safety measures must be taken when working in confined spaces.
1. The document discusses safety hazards associated with work conducted inside confined spaces. Serious accidents and fatalities continue to occur in confined spaces.
2. The main risks in confined spaces come from toxic and flammable gases, fumes, and vapors that can accumulate from previous processes, adjoining equipment, or the work being performed inside.
3. Activities like welding, burning, cutting, grinding, and use of chemicals, adhesives, or solvents can produce fumes, gases, or vapors in confined spaces. Proper safety measures must be taken when working in confined spaces.
1. The document discusses safety hazards associated with work conducted inside confined spaces. Serious accidents and fatalities continue to occur in confined spaces.
2. The main risks in confined spaces come from toxic and flammable gases, fumes, and vapors that can accumulate from previous processes, adjoining equipment, or the work being performed inside.
3. Activities like welding, burning, cutting, grinding, and use of chemicals, adhesives, or solvents can produce fumes, gases, or vapors in confined spaces. Proper safety measures must be taken when working in confined spaces.
Site No: Date: Trade: Shift: Attendees: S. Name/ Signature Points Discussed No Card No 1 1. Upcoming activities required advance safety information
2 2. Hazards for the critical activates and measures required
3. Previous week safety deficiencies and corrective actions 3 4. Recent Incident 4 5. Current Topics: Confined Spaces 5 6 Introduction 7 Serious accidents continue to occur whilst work is being done inside confined spaces. A significant number of these are fatal and multiple 8 fatalities are not uncommon. Closed vessels and tanks, large ducts, 9 enclosed effluent drains and process vessels are readily recognizable as confined spaces but any workplace in which gases, vapors, etc, 10 could accumulate, or where there could be a shortage of oxygen, may be hazardous. Included among these are open topped tanks and vats, 11 large diameter open ended pipe work, fabrications where heavier than 12 air gases may be used, closed and unventilated rooms, and enclosed work areas when welding or applying or using paints/solvents. 13 Main Hazard Sources 14 The main risks are those associated with toxic and/or flammable 15 gases, fumes and vapors. Examples are gas or vapor remaining from 16 a process which has previously been carried on in a confined space, gas or vapor which enters from adjoining plant from which it has not 17 been effectively isolated and fumes or gases produced by the work being carried on inside the confined space or on pipes leading to it. 18 The types of activity where fumes, gas or vapor are likely to arise 19 include:- 20 Ø Welding 21 Ø Burning Ø Cutting 22 Ø Grinding Ø Use of chemicals, e.g. dye-penetrated testing 23 Ø Use of adhesive or solvents 24 Ø Brush or spray paints or surface coatings. Ø The products of combustion of various fuels. 25 Ø Oxygen enrichment of the atmosphere caused by operations which involve an excess of oxygen or flammable gas or 26 vapors. 27
(Inorganic Chemistry Concepts 10) Prof. Dr. Kozo Sone, Prof. Dr. Yutaka Fukuda (Auth.) - Inorganic Thermochromism (1987, Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg)