第 9 & 10 堂

2020/12/12-12/19
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每季開課
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文法/ 字彙課程內容
文法全真 (四或六晚) 字彙全真 (四或六晚)

Week� 簡單句：基本句型 廣讀概論、字源分析簡介、字首：否定

Week� 名詞片語 字首：方位

閱讀複習：Desertification
Week� 修飾語：形容詞、副詞、 字首：方位、量
比較級、介系詞片語

Week� 動詞時態、主詞動詞一致性 字首：好壞、數字

閱讀複習：Symbiosis

Week� 語氣助動詞、語氣 字根：位置、大小、多少、新與第一、力量

Week� 非限定動詞、語態 字根：發生與結束、流動、年、變動與相同、

彎曲與傾斜
閱讀複習：Global Warming

Week� 對等連接詞、合句、 字根：工作、姿勢、心與記憶、知道與相信、

名詞子句、副詞子句 拿起與放下、攜帶

Week� 關係子句 字根：推與拉、引導與跟隨、來與去、書寫、

切斷與連結、選擇、投射、問與教
滾滾長江東逝水 閱讀複習：Leda and the Swan

Week� 倒裝句、對等子句省略、 字根：鬆與緊、破壞與建造、勝利與統治、

關係子句簡化、名詞子句簡化 聽與說、看、觸摸與感覺
Week�� 副詞子句簡化、 字根：生與死、社會與城市、司法與懲罰、
簡化子句練習 正與直、多意義字根
閱讀複習:The Southern EW Cross-Island Highway

寫作課程內容
Week� 組織概論 Week� 程序分析與優缺點分析

Week� 描寫文與空間順序 Week� 分類與解釋名詞

Week� 說明文與舉例說明 Week7 論說文與因果關係

Week4 比較與對比 Week8 類比

 魔法字彙第九至十周
旋元佑 編授
表示「鬆」與「緊」的字根
solu (solv): loosen resolve (v., n.) [rɪˋzɑlv] 解決，決定；決心
【衍】resolute (a.) 堅定的
absolve (v.) [əbˋsɑlv] 赦免，免除 The brothers finally resolved their conflict.
【衍】absolution (n.) 赦免 The woman resolved to lose weight by any
The priest absolved the poor sinner. means possible.
The result of the investigation absolved the She showed great resolve for the first three
accused of all charges. days.
He has remained resolute in his opposition to
solve (v.) [sɑlv] 解決 the bill.
【衍】solution (n.) 解決
The clever man solved the problem in five resolution (n.) [͵rɛzəˋluʃən] 解決，決定
seconds. We found a resolution to the dispute.
Have you found a solution to the problem? What are your New Year’s resolutions?

dissolve (v.) [dɪˋzɑlv] 溶解，解除（契約等），解

散（公司等）
【衍】dissolution (n.) 溶解，解除，解散
soluble (a.) 可溶的
Sugar dissolves in hot water faster than in
cold water.
The sugar solution tastes sweet.
The treatment is used for the dissolution of
kidney stones.
The dissolution of the marriage dragged on
for months.
Vitamin C is water-soluble.
solvent (a., n.) [ˋsɑlvənt] 有償債能力的；溶劑
The company stayed solvent by selling off a
branch.
Faced with insolvency, the company had to
layoff some workers.
You need an industrial solvent for the paint.
1
strain: tighten
strain (n., v.) [stren] 緊張，壓力；繃緊，用力
The new manager is under a lot of strain.
She strained her eyes to see better in the
gloom.
restrain (v.) [rɪˋstren] 抑制，克制
【衍】restraint (n.) 節制，克制
You should restrain yourself at those
eat-all-you-can restaurants.
Under criticism, the man showed great
restraint and kept silent.
distress (n., v.) [dɪˋstrɛs] 沮喪，苦惱；使苦惱
The student showed signs of distress after he
failed in the important exam.
The bad news distressed everybody.
strangle (v.) [ˋstræŋgl] 勒死，使窒息
【衍】strangulation (n.) 勒死，窒息
The postmortem reveals that the woman was
strangled to death.
strict (a.) [strɪkt] 嚴格的
Ms. Lin is a strict teacher who made a lot of
stringent rules.
restrict (v.) [rɪˋstrɪkt] 限制
【衍】restriction (n.) 限制
Under the curfew, freedom of movement in
and out of the city is restricted.
The government has placed new restrictions
on the sale of alcohol.
tend (tent, tens): stretch
tend (v.) [tɛnd] 照料，傾向
【衍】tendency (n.) 傾向
Who tends the garden for you?
Old people tend to be forgetful.
The man has a tendency to exaggerate.
tender (n., v., a.) [ˋtɛndɚ] 投標；提出；溫柔的
The company’s tender for the building
contract has been accepted.
After the sex scandal, the man tendered his
resignation.
The tough man turns out to have a tender
heart.
intense (a.) [ɪnˋtɛns] 密集的，強烈的
【衍】intensity (n.) 強烈，強度
intensify (v.) 增強
The injury caused her to feel intense pain.
You can feel intense heat coming from the
furnace.
2
extension (n.) [ɪkˋstɛnʃən] 延伸
【衍】extend (v.) 延伸
extensive (a.) 廣泛的
Without an extension, the contract will be
terminated at the end of the year.
The beach extends for over two kilometers.
After extensive search, the police managed to
locate most of the victims.
tension (n.) [ˋtɛnʃən] 張力，緊張
Some insects make use of surface tension and
walk on water.
The tension was unbearable as we waited for
the verdict.
tenuous (a.) [ˋtɛnjʊəs] 細的，稀薄的，薄弱的
The tenuous rope is fully capable of
supporting my weight.
You can easily exhaust yourself in the high
mountains because of the tenuous air.
His tenuous reasoning is not convincing at all.
attenuate (v., a.) [əˋtɛnjʊ͵et]
稀釋，減弱；稀釋的，變弱的
【衍】attenuation (n.) 稀釋，減弱
Earplugs will attenuate the loud sounds of the
machinery.
Under the assault of science, the doctrines of
Christianity became very attenuate and
distorted.
 表示「破壞」與「建造」的字根
fract (frag): break
fraction (n.) [ˋfrækʃən] 分數，小數；小部分
The value of pi is an infinite fraction.
Students will benefit if a fraction of the
defense budget is reallocated for education.
fracture (n., v.) 破裂，斷裂
The man suffered multiple bone fractures in
the accident.
He fractured several ribs.
diffract (v.) [dɪˋfrækt] 分光，衍射
【衍】diffraction (n.) 分光，衍射
The colors of the rainbow are the result of
water droplets diffracting light.
fragile (a.) [ˋfrædʒəl] 脆弱的
【衍】fragility (n.) 脆弱
The sign says “Fragile. Handle with care.”
frail (a.) [frel] 虛弱，衰弱
【衍】frailty (n.) 虛弱，弱點
The patient is still too frail to walk.
“Frailty, thy name is Woman!”
fragment (n., v.) [ˋfrægmənt] 碎片；破碎
【衍】fragmentary (a.) 破碎的，不完整的
Fragments of the broken vase covered the
floor.
The vase fragmented into a thousand pieces.
Several witnesses gave fragmentary accounts
of what had actually happened.
3
infringe (v.) [ɪnˋfrɪndʒ] 侵犯，違反
【衍】infringement (n.) 侵犯，違反
This product clearly infringes a patent held by
our company.
The curfew infringes upon the rights of
private citizens.
rupt: break
disrupt (v.) [dɪsˋrʌpt] 打斷，破壞
【衍】disruption (n.) 打斷，破壞
The negotiation was disrupted when
protestors started throwing eggs.
abrupt (a.) [əˋbrʌpt] 突然的
【衍】abruptness (n.) 突然
You should avoid any abrupt movements on
the little boat.
bankruptcy (n.) [ˋbæŋkrəptsɪ] 破產
【衍】bankrupt (a., v.) （使）破產
The company went from insolvency to
bankruptcy.
It was bankrupted by a misguided investment.
corruption (n.) [kəˋrʌpʃən] 貪污，腐敗
【衍】corrupt (a., v.) 貪污的；敗壞
The biggest problem now is widespread
corruption among government officials.
Even the police is corrupt.
You shouldn’t corrupt young people with
your decadent philosophy.
erupt (v.) [ɪˋrʌpt] 爆發
【衍】eruption (n.) 爆發
Violence erupted when the pro-life and
pro-choice crowds came to the same square.
The volcanic eruption went on intermittently
for three days.
obstruct (v.) [əbˋstrʌkt] 阻礙
【衍】obstruction (n.) 阻礙
The car was tolled away because it was
obstructing traffic.
If you do not pull over, you may be fined for
obstruction of justice.

superstructure (n.) [ˋsupɚ͵strʌktʃɚ] 上層建築

The superstructure of the building is
struct: build completely made of steel and glass.
The country could not attract foreign capital
destroy (v.) [dɪˋstrɔɪ] 毀滅，破壞 because its infrastructure was too poor.
【衍】destruction (n.) 毀滅，破壞
An earthquake destroyed most of the city.
The destruction was almost total.

construction (n.) [kənˋstrʌkʃən] 建造，建設

【衍】construct (v.) 建造，建設
Construction ahead. Please detour.

reconstruct (v.) [͵rɪkənˋstrʌkt] 重建

【衍】reconstruction (n.) 重建
The investigators tried to reconstruct the
crime scene.

deconstruct (v.) [͵dikənˋstrʌkt] 解構

【衍】deconstruction (n.) 解構
The feminist article deconstructs the myth
that men and women are born different.

instrument (n.) [ˋɪnstrəmənt] 工具，儀器

【衍】instrumental (a.) 工具的，重要的
Do you play any musical instruments?
A light is flashing on the instrument panel.
The Chief of Staff has been instrumental in
changing the President’s mind.

4
 表示「戰爭」與「攻擊」的字根

bel: war noc: harm

rebellious (a.) [rɪˋbɛljəs] 反叛的，叛逆的 innocuous (a.) [ɪˋnɑkjʊəs] 無害的，不得罪人的

【衍】rebel (v., a., n.) 反叛；反叛的；叛徒
The rebellious troops are marching on the
capital.
bellicose (a.) [ˋbɛlə͵kos] 好鬥的，好戰的
【衍】bellicosity (n.) 好鬥，好戰
Those bellicose hockey players always seem
to be fighting.
He told a few innocuous jokes.
noxious (a.) [ˋnɑkʃəs] 有害的，有毒的
The factory was fined for discharging noxious
effluents into the river.
pernicious (a.) [pɚˋnɪʃəs] 致命的，惡性的
She thinks television has a pernicious
influence on our children.

belligerent (a.) [bəˋlɪdʒərənt]

好鬥的，交戰的；交戰國，參與鬥毆者
【衍】belligerency (n.) 好戰，交戰狀態
The man was drunk and belligerent.
It is called World War II because so many
nations were belligerents.

flict: strike

inflict (v.) [ɪnˋflɪkt] 給予（打擊），施加（懲罰）

【衍】infliction (n.) 給予，施加
The bullet was designed to inflict pain but not
serious injury.

afflict (v.) [əˋflɪkt] 折磨

【衍】affliction (n.) 折磨，痛苦
The old woman was afflicted with arthritis.

5
 表示「勝利」與「統治」的字根
vict: conquer
convict (v., n.) [kənˋvɪkt] 證明有罪，判決有罪；
罪犯
【衍】conviction (n.) 定罪
The man was convicted of burglary and sent
to jail.
This armored bus will take the convicts to the
state penitentiary.
The burglar has a long history of previous
convictions.
convince (v.) [kənˋvɪns] 說服
【衍】conviction (n.) 信念，確信
The lawyer convinced the jury that his client
was innocent.
I am convinced that the man is innocent.
It is my conviction that abortion is wrong.
evict (v.) [ɪˋvɪkt] 逐出，驅逐
【衍】eviction (n.) 逐出，驅逐
The landlord had the tenant evicted because
the latter never paid any rent.
invincible (a.) [ɪnˋvɪnsəbl] 無敵的
【衍】invincibility (n.) 無敵
Spain sent an invincible fleet to conquer
England, but the fleet perished in a storm.
vanquish (v.) [ˋvæŋkwɪʃ] 征服，打敗
We shall vanquish the foe.
province (n.) [ˋprɑvɪns] 省
【衍】provincial (a.) 行省的，偏狹的
The Republic is divided into 20 provinces.
The local newspaper is permeated with
narrow, provincial outlooks.
6
reg: rule
registration (n.) [͵rɛdʒɪˋstreʃən] 註冊，登記
【衍】register (v., n.) 註冊，登記
The witness took down the registration
number of the car.
This website boasts of 20,000 registered
members.
regal (a.) [ˋrigl] 帝王的，莊嚴的
The lion is called the king of beasts because
of its regal look.
royal (a.) [ˋrɔɪəl] 皇家的，王室的，高貴的
The British royal family is a symbol of
stability and continuity.
royalty (n.) [ˋrɔɪəltɪ] 皇族成員；專利金，版稅
Do you know how to address royalties?
Modern novelists live on royalties.
deregulation (n.) [dɪ͵rɛgjʊˋleʃən] 開放，解除管制
【衍】deregulate (v.) 開放，解除管制
Deregulation of air traffic resulted in lower
fares but a higher incidence of delays and
crashes.
regime (n.) [rɪˋʒim] 政權，統治
The autocrat’s regime didn’t last long.
regimen (n.) [ˋrɛdʒə͵mɛn] 養生法，訓練，管制
He observes a daily exercise regimen strictly.
reign (n., v.) [ren] 統治
Under Queen Elizabeth’s reign, Britain
became a mighty country.
The British monarch reigns but does not rule.
sovereignty (n.) [ˋsɑvrɪntɪ] 主權 domineering (a. [͵dɑməˋnɪrɪŋ]) 盛氣凌人的
【衍】sovereign (a., n.) 主權獨立的；君主，元首 【衍】domineer (v.) 跋扈，盛氣凌人
Britain and Argentina fought a war over the He is fed up with that domineering wife of
sovereignty of the Falklands. his.
Do you agree that Taiwan is a sovereign
nation?
After the current sovereign dies, the
monarchy may be abolished.

dom, domin: house, lord

dominate (v.) [ˋdɑmə͵net] 主宰，支配

【衍】domination (n.) 主宰，支配
Operating systems of this company dominate
the market.

indomitable (a. [ɪnˋdɑmətəbl] ) 不屈不撓的

The man’s indomitable will helped him
overcome all obstacles.

domain (n.) [doˋmen] 領域，領土

His is a respected name in the domain of
science.
Books on gutenberg.com are mostly in the
public domain.

domestic (a., n.) [dəˋmɛstɪk]

家庭的，國內的，養馴的；僕人，佣人
Women still do most of the domestic chores.
All domestic flights depart from Terminal
Two.
Cattle and sheep are domestic animals.
The couple worked as domestics for wealthy
homeowners.

domesticate (v.) [dəˋmɛstə͵ket] 養馴，馴服

【衍】domestication (n.) 養馴，馴服
Dogs have been domesticated for thousands
of years.

7
 IELTS
ENGLISH

TIME TOEFL GRE SAT

八週破七分班
課程策劃 ·英 文 刺 客（ 台 大 國 企 校 友 ）

授課大師 ·英 文 口 說 王 Lawrence 〉IELTS、TOEFL 聽說名師

·英 文 取 分 天 后 Sophie 〉IELTS、TOEFL、SAT 高效名師
·英 文 皇 家 名 師 Phillippa 〉英國牛津大學碩士（外師）
·英 文 寫 作 王 子 Marco 〉IELTS、TOEFL 高效名師（外師）
·英 文 全 能 王 子 Jonathan 〉加拿大高中 IELTS、論文教師（外師）

課程班別
期別 課程名稱 老師 週數 星期 時段 起迄時間

愛上 聽力班 [Listening] S �

八週破七分班 愛上 閱讀班 [Reading] S �

��,���元 愛上 口說班 [Speaking] J �

愛上 寫作班 [Writing] J �

ＯＫＥ保留課程調整權利，正確課表，以開課日公佈為準。

上課時間 晨班 ��:�� ~ ��:�� 午班 ��:�� ~ ��:�� 晚班 ��:�� ~ ��:��

IELTS金榜：【呂燕妮 台科應外 �.�分】

【黃明福 台大財金 �.�分】【陳譽沐 建國中學 �.�分】【江岱諮 武陵高中 �.�分】
【馬洛書 台大外文 �.�分】【林宜頻 淡江大學 �.�分】【鄭宇翔 VIS實驗高中 �.�分】
【陳冠寧 台大土木 �.�分】【陳巧柔 清華大學 �.�分】【王丹薇 中興大學 �.�分】
【 歐陽如昕 台大外文 �.�分】【涂嘉倩 台大化工 �.�分】【王皓辰 中興大學 �.�分】
【楊秉倫 大安高工 �.�分】【葉采瑄 台大工管 �.�分】【蔡如涵 輔大織品 �.�分】
【陳柏禎 延平高中 �.�分】【陳恩潔 台大國企 �.�分】【呂真妮 台大工管 �.�分】
【黃大中 板橋高中 �.�分】【賴宣筑 台大資管 �.�分】【黃大方 中山女中 �.�分】
【林彥鋒 CIS實驗高中 �.�分】【翁卓群 東吳企管 �.�分】【翁卓群 東吳企管 �.�分】

TOEFL金榜：【馬厚德 北科大 ���分】

【謝致有 台大資工 ���分】【楊惟庭 師大東亞 ���分】 【呂昕臻 台大土木 ���分】
【呂燕妮 台科應外 ���分】【張暐 台大經濟 ���分】 【鄧揚翰 清大電機 ���分】

·歡迎來電 / 粉專諮詢。
·早鳥、舊生、團報各有優惠。 ２０２１.０�.��

地址：台北市大安區羅斯福路三段���號�樓（台電大樓對面，孫東寶牛排樓上） 電話：��-����-����
 表示「書寫」與「文字」的字根
graph (gram): write
autobiography (n.) [͵ɔtəbaɪˋɑgrəfɪ] 自傳
I like to read autobiographies of famous
people.
graphic (a., n.) [ˋgræfɪk] 生動的，圖像的；圖像，
圖表
【衍】graphics (n.) 製圖學
He gave us a graphic description of his
near-death experience.
She illustrated her talk with a graphic
showing changes in unemployment rates.
This animation employs computer 3D
graphics.
autograph (n., v.) [ˋɔtə͵græf] 簽名留念
“May I have your autograph?” asked the fan
of the superstar.
The superstar autographed her T-shirt.
bibliography (n.) [͵bɪblɪˋɑgrəfɪ] 書目
You must add a bibliography to your paper.
diagram (n.) [ˋdaɪə͵græm] 圖表，解說圖
I find it difficult to understand the diagrams in
this report.
graffiti (n.) [græˋfitɪ] 塗鴉（複數）
A whole side of the building is covered with
complicated graffiti.
scrib (script): write
scribble (v., n.) [ˋskrɪbl] 潦草書寫
He scribbled a note and left it on his friend’s
desk.
Your scribble is completely illegible!
8
inscribe (v.) [ɪnˋskraɪb] 刻，登記入冊
【衍】inscription (n.) 銘文，碑文
The inside of the ring was inscribed with the
initials of the owner.
The inscriptions on the tombstone are worn
out and faint.
manuscript (n.) [ˋmænjə͵skrɪpt] 手稿
The writer emailed the manuscript to her
publisher.
nondescript (a.) [ˋnɑndɪ͵skrɪpt] 難以形容的
The witness could only say he saw a
nondescript man in ordinary clothing.
prescription (n.) [prɪˋskrɪpʃən] 處方
【衍】prescribe (v.) 開處方
You need a doctor’s prescription to buy this
drug.
What are the prescriptions of the management
consultants?
scripture (n.) [ˋskrɪptʃɚ] 經文
The scholar has thoroughly studied the
important scriptures of Christianity and Islam.
subscribe (v.) [səbˋskraɪb] 認捐，署名，訂閱
【衍】subscription (n.) 認捐，署名，訂閱
subscriber (n.) 認捐者，訂戶
I subscribe to three different newspapers.
I can’t say I subscribe to the ideas of this
party.
transcribe (v.) [trænsˋkraɪb] 謄寫，轉錄，改編
【衍】transcript (n.) 謄本，成績單
The symphony was transcribed from a piano
piece.
The secretary is transcribing the recording
into typed text.
You should include five academic transcripts
in your application package.
 表示「聽」與「說」的字根
aud: hear
audit (v., n.) [ˋɔdɪt] 旁聽，查帳，審計
Professor, I’d like to have your permission to
audit the course.
The student is an auditor in this class.
Three accountants are auditing the accounts
of the company.
The annual audit is usually held during the
final week of the year.
audition (v., n.) [ɔˋdɪʃən] 試鏡
The actor is auditioning for a role in the new
film.
He hopes he can pass the audition.
auditory (a.) [ˋɔdə͵torɪ] 聽覺的
Cats have a highly developed auditory sense.
inaudible (a.) [ɪnˋɔdəbl] 聽不見的
What he said was inaudible among the noises.
dict: speak
addicted (a.) [əˋdɪktɪd] 上癮的，有癮的
【衍】addict (v., n.) 使上癮；有癮的人
addiction (n.) 沈溺，上癮
The man was addicted to nicotine and found it
impossible to quit.
The drug addict was sent to rehab.
predict (v.) [prɪˋdɪkt] 預言，預測
【衍】prediction (n.) 預言，預測
Astrologers predict all sorts of disasters, but
few ever come true.
9
dictate (v.) [ˋdɪktet] 命令，指定，口授
【衍】dictation (n.) 命令，聽寫
dictator (n.) 獨裁者
After the war, the victorious nation dictated
the terms of peace.
The manager dictated a letter to his secretary.
The English teacher uses dictation to test her
students.
The brutal dictator was finally overthrown by
the people.
diction (n.) [ˋdɪkʃən] 措詞，用語
Hemingway is known for his precise diction
and terse style.
indict (v.) [ɪnˋdaɪt] 起訴，控告
【衍】indictment (n.) 控告，起訴書
The man was indicted on murder charges.
There were several charges on the indictment.
malediction (n.) [͵mæləˋdɪkʃən] 詛咒
The old man heaped maledictions on his
enemy.
valedictorian (n.) [vælədɪkˋtorɪən] 畢生生致詞代
表
I was valedictorian of my high school
graduating class.
fab, fess, phet: speak
affable (a.) [ˋæfəbl] 容易親近的，友善的
【衍】affability (n.) 和靄可親
The affable host mingled easily with the
guests.
euphemism (n.) [ˋjufəmɪzəm] 委婉的說法 elocution (n.) [͵ɛləˋkjuʃən] 演說術
【衍】euphemistic (a.) 委婉的，好聽一點的 【衍】eloquent (a.) 雄辯滔滔的
The army uses “eliminate” as a euphemism The art of elocution teaches you to be
for “kill.” eloquent.

prophetic (a.) [prəˋfɛtɪk] 預言性的，預示的 magniloquent (a.) [mægˋnɪləkwənt] 誇張的，說大

【衍】prophet (n.) 先知 話的
prophesize (v.) 預言 【衍】magniloquence (n.) 誇張，大話
prophecy (n.) 預言 I’m tired of your magniloquent boasts.
You should heed the prophetic signs.
loquacious (a.) [loˋkweʃəs] 多話的
fabulous (a.) [ˋfæbjələs] 驚人的，極好的 【衍】loquacity (n.) 多話
【衍】fable (n.) 寓言故事 The loquacious man went on for two hours
You look absolutely fabulous in this dress. without stop.

profess (v.) [prəˋfɛs] 宣稱 prologue (n.) [ˋpro͵lɔg] 序

【衍】profession (n.) 宣稱；職業 In the prologue the author explains why he
She professes not to be interested in money. wrote the book.

confess (v.) [kənˋfɛs] 坦白，招供 geology (n.) [dʒɪˋɑlədʒɪ] 地質學

【衍】confession (n.) 坦白，招供 【衍】geological (a.) 地質的
She confessed to her husband that she had Geological evidence shows that this mountain
sold her wedding ring. was once under the sea.

emphasize (v.) [ˋɛmfə͵saɪz] 強調 anthropology (n.) [͵ænθrəˋpɑlədʒɪ] 人類學

【衍】emphasis (n.) 強調 【衍】anthropological (a.) 人類學的
You can use italics to emphasize a word or The professor of anthropology is conducting a
phrase in a sentence. project in the Amazon jungle.

meteorology (n.) [͵mitɪəˋrɑlədʒɪ] 氣象學

【衍】meteorological (a.) 氣象學的
locu (loqu, log): word, speak The Central Weather Bureau does
meteorological research.
colloquial (a.) [kəˋlokwɪəl] 口語的
【衍】colloquy (n.) 談話，對話 neurology (n.) [njʊˋrɑlədʒɪ] 神經學
You should avoid colloquial expressions in 【衍】neurological (a.) 神經學的
formal writing. Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s are both
neurological disorders.
logo (n.) [ˋlɑgo] 商標
The company logo was the work of a famous
designer.
10
pathology (n.) [pæˋθɑlədʒɪ] 病理學
【衍】pathological (a.) 病理學的，病態的
pathologist (n.) 病理學家
The pathologist conducted a postmortem to
find out the cause of death.
The man is a pathological liar.
physiology (n.) 生理學
【衍】physiologist (n.) 生理學家
A physiologist studies the human body,
whereas a psychologist studies the human
mind.
sociology (n.) [͵soʃɪˋɑlədʒɪ] 社會學
【衍】sociological (a.) 社會學的
The Chicago school of sociology is eminent
in the field.
technology (n.) [tɛkˋnɑlədʒɪ] 技術
【衍】technological (a.) 技術的
I am more interested in science and
technology than in the humanities.
voc (vok): voice, call
advocate (v., n.) [ˋædvəkɪt] 倡議（者）
【衍】advocacy (n.) 倡議
This pacifist group advocates peace.
The man is a peace advocate.
evoke (v.) [ɪˋvok] 喚起，召喚
【衍】evocation (n.) 召喚
evocative (a.) 會喚起…聯想的
The old photograph evokes memories of my
school days.
The music is evocative of waves breaking on
shore.
11
revoke (v.) [rɪˋvok] 撤回，撤銷
【衍】revocation (n.) 撤回，撤銷
The old man revoked his will and left all his
money to charity.
irrevocable (a.) [ɪˋrɛvəkəbl] 無法挽回的
The death of the great scientist was an
irrevocable loss.
provoke (v.) [prəˋvok] 挑釁，激起
【衍】provocation (n.) 挑釁，激怒
There is no need to provoke the enemy.
Soaring prices have provoked widespread
unease among the populace.
The man loses his temper at the slightest
provocation.
vocation (n.) [voˋkeʃən] 職業
【衍】vocational (a.) 職業的
Teaching is my vocation.
invoke (v.) [ɪnˋvok] 祈求，召喚，援引（法條）
【衍】invocation (n.) 祈求
The CEO invoked the memory of his
long-serving predecessor to urge for
cooperation.
The case falls under local jurisdiction, so the
defense lawyer cannot invoke federal law.
clam (claim): shout
clamor (n., v.) [ˋklæmɚ] 吵鬧，喧嘩
There’s a loud clamor in the streets.
The people are clamoring for change.
acclaim (n., v.) [əˋklem] 好評；叫好
Despite critical acclaim, the movie was a
failure at the box office.
The artist is widely acclaimed for his
innovative approach.
claim (v., n.) [klem] 聲明，主張，要求
He claimed that he didn’t kill the victim.
The man’s claim of innocence was supported
by an alibi.
You can go to “Lost and Found” to claim
your wallet.
You can support your claim by describing the
contents of the wallet.

proclaim (v.) [prəˋklem] 宣告

【衍】proclamation (n.) 宣言，宣告
After the South proclaimed independence, the
Civil War broke out.

reclaim (v.) [rɪˋklem] 開墾，回收

【衍】reclamation (n.) 開墾，回收
This land has been reclaimed from the
shallows by landfills.
The plastic was reclaimed from garbage.

declaim (v.) [dɪˋklem] 慷慨陳詞，朗讀

【衍】declamation (n.) 雄辯，朗讀
The speakers declaimed on a variety of issues.

12
 表示「看」的字根
spect (spic): look
spectacle (n.) ˋspɛktəkl] 景象，奇觀
【衍】spectacular (a.) 壯觀的
It was quite a spectacle to see the old sow
suckling a puppy.
Don’t make a spectacle of yourself!
Recent economic growth has been nothing
less than spectacular.
spectacles (n.) [ˋspɛktəklz] 眼鏡
These spectacles come with a steel rim.
There’s a bespectacled old man waiting
outside.
aspect (n.) [ˋæspɛkt] 方面，觀點，外觀
After considering the venture from every
possible aspect, they decided to proceed.
The spectacles and mustache gave the man a
rather severe aspect.
prospect (n.) [ˋprɑspɛkt] 展望，前景
【衍】prospective (a.) 預期的，未來的
Economic prospects for the coming year are
excellent.
conspicuous (a.) [kənˋspɪkjʊəs] 突出的，顯著的
The tall man looked conspicuous among those
children.
The millionaire showed off his wealth
through conspicuous consumption.
The butterfly is inconspicuous among the
leaves.
13
despicable (a.) [ˋdɛspɪkəbl] 卑鄙的，可恥的
【衍】despise (v) 輕視，瞧不起
There’s nothing despicable about admitting
your mistakes.
The woman despised her husband simply
because he didn’t make much money.
inspector (n.) [ɪnˋspɛktɚ] 督察，探長
【衍】inspect (v.) 檢察，視察
The police inspector is in charge of the
murder case.
The insurance agent inspected the damaged
car carefully.
introspection (n.) [͵ɪntrəˋspɛkʃən] 內省，反省
Everyone needs a moment of introspection
every day.
retrospect (n.) [ˋrɛtrə͵spɛkt] 回顧
【衍】retrospective (a., n.) 回顧的；回顧展
In retrospect, maybe we shouldn’t have
bought the house at that juncture.
The old artist is having a retrospective at the
Art Museum.
perspective (n.) [pɚˋspɛktɪv] 觀點，角度；透視法
The scholar examined the historic event from
an economic perspective.
The problem won’t seem so serious if you
keep it in perspective.
By employing perspective drawing, you can
create three-dimensional images on paper.
spectator (n.) [spɛkˋtetɚ] 旁觀者，觀眾
The spectators went wild when the batter hit a
homerun.
spectrum (n.) [ˋspɛktrəm] 光譜；範圍
If you pass light through a prism, you can see
all the colors in the spectrum.
Supporters of this new party cover the full
spectrum of social classes.
speculate (v.) [ˋspɛkjə͵let] 猜測；投機
【衍】speculation (n.) 猜測，投機
I can only speculate on his motives for
stealing the money.
The man speculates on the stock market
full-time, without a regular job.
vid (vis): see
evidence (n., v.) [ˋɛvədəns] 證據；證明，顯示
【衍】evident (a.) 明顯的
The suspect was released because there was
not enough evidence.
The quality of the bracelet, as evidenced by
the workmanship, is exceptional.
provide (v.) [prəˋvaɪd] 提供，作準備
The company will provide transport for your
business trip.
Don’t worry. The Lord will provide.
provision (n.) [prəˋvɪʒən] 提供，補給（複數-s），
條款
The efficient provision of public services is
the government’s responsibility.
We brought enough provisions to last the
entire trip.
Under one provision of the contract, the
project must start within one year of signing.
14
revise (v.) [rɪˋvaɪz] 修訂
【衍】revision (n.) 修訂
The law is revised from time to time to keep it
abreast of latest developments.
supervisor (n.) [͵supɚˋvaɪzɚ] 上司，管理者
【衍】supervise (v.) 監督，管理
supervision (n.) 監督，管理
My supervisor has agreed to write a letter of
recommendation for me.
view (n., v.) [vju] 景觀，觀點；看待
The view is excellent from this window.
What are your views on the matter?
I view the recent setbacks as an opportunity
for reform.
I can give you an overview of company
history within 10 minutes.
The critic’s review of the movie is highly
positive.
I saw a preview of the new film on TV.
I went to three interviews last week, but
haven’t got any definite response yet.
vision (n.) [ˋvɪʒən] 視力；遠見，願景
【衍】visionary (a., n.) 富於想像力的；遠見人士
He has 2.0 vision for both eyes.
Abraham Lincoln was a man of vision.
Leonardo da Vinci came up with several
visionary schemes, including one for flying.
Mohandas K. Gandhi was a remarkable
visionary.
vista (n.) [ˋvɪstə] 街景，窗景
Look out the window, and you can see a vista
of rolling hills.
The WTO opened up new vistas of
international cooperation.
visual (a., n.) [ˋvɪʒuəl] 視覺的；（圖片、影片、
實物等）輔助說明
The eye is a visual organ.
You should add some visuals to your
presentation, such as graphs and charts.
 表示「觸摸」與「感覺」的字根
tach (tact, tag, tig, tang): touch
contact (n., v., a.) [ˋkɑntækt] 接觸（的）
Who is your contact in Tokyo?
You can contact me whenever you like.
Contact sports have a higher rate of injury
than normal.
attach (v.) [əˋtætʃ] 附上，粘附，依附
【衍】attachment (n.) 附件，依附
The picture is attached to this email.
You can find the pictures in the attachment to
this email.
Peel off this sheet and attach the hook to the
wall.
The little girl is very much attached to her
father.
detach (v.) [dɪˋtætʃ] 拆開，分離，超脫
【衍】detachment (n.) 分離，特遣隊，超脫
The brush detaches from the vacuum cleaner
for easy cleaning.
She’s trying to detach herself from an
unrewarding relationship.
The scholar is commenting on the riot as a
detached observer.
contagious (a.) [kənˋtedʒəs] 傳染性的
【衍】contagion (n.) 傳染
Tuberculosis is a contagious disease.
intact (a.) [ɪnˋtækt] 完好如初的，完整無缺的
If you should stumble upon a crime scene,
remember to keep everything intact.
15
contiguous (a.) [kənˋtɪgjʊəs]
有接觸的，相鄰的，連續的
The US and Mexico are contiguous for over
3,000 kilometers.
The traveler drove through all 48 contiguous
states.
intangible (a.) [ɪnˋtændʒəbl] 無形的，抽象的
Money is the tangible reward for work, a
sense of achievement the intangible reward.
tactful (a.) [ˋtæktfəl] 圓滑的，老練的
【衍】tact (n.) 老練，圓滑，手腕
The question “How old do you think I am?”
demands a tactful reply.
It took no small tact to hint to the King that he
had bad breath.
tactile (a.) [ˋtæktɪl] 觸覺的
Humans have a very fine tactile sense.
tangle (n., v.) [ˋtæŋgl] 糾纏，混亂
The shampoo promises to reduce tangles in
your hair.
The power failure tangled (up) traffic.
It was difficult to disentangle fact from
fiction.
It took half an hour to untangle the fishing
wire.
 resent (v.) [rɪˋzɛnt] 反感，厭惡
sens (sent): feel 【衍】resentment (n.) 反感，厭惡
I can accept the rejection, but I resent the
sense (n., v.) [sɛns] 意識，感覺 implication that I am incompetent.
He’ll feel sorry when he comes to his senses. The man had a lifelong resentment of his
What the teacher said was simply common
bullying brother.
sense.
An insect instinctively freezes when it senses
danger. sentimental (a.) [͵sɛntəˋmɛntl]
This microphone is highly sensitive. 感情的，濫情主義的
The patient’s eyes are hypersensitive to light.
【衍】sentiment (n.) 情感
sensational (a.) [sɛnˋseʃənəl] This old watch has a lot of sentimental value
for me.
引起轟動的，羶色腥的 I dislike this novel because it is too
【衍】sensation (n.) 感覺，轟動事件 sentimental.
That new dress is simply sensational!
I dislike the sensational reporting of the sentry (n.) [ˋsɛntrɪ] 哨兵，站崗
tabloids. The soldier stood sentry from 1 a.m. to 3 a.m.
Haven’t you heard the latest sensation?

assent (n., v.) [əˋsɛnt] 同意 pass (pati, path): feel, suffer

After Congress gave its assent, the President
declared war.
Did your parents assent to your application impatient (a.) [ɪmˋpeʃənt] 不耐煩的
【衍】impatience (n.) 不耐煩
for transfer?
We’re getting married, and would like to have The people are all impatient for change.
your consent.
Political dissent in that country is not allowed. compassion (n.) [kəmˋpæʃən] 同情
【衍】compassionate (a.) 同情的

consensus (n.) [kənˋsɛnsəs] 共識 The public showed genuine compassion for

The two parties reached consensus on the tax the victims and donated huge sums.
hike.
empathy (n.) [ˋɛmpəθɪ] 同理心
【衍】empathetic (a.) 有同理心的
extrasensory (a.) [͵ɛkstrəˋsɛnsərɪ] 超感官的
Extrasensory perception, or ESP, is also Ex-President Clinton is famous for his
called the sixth sense. empathy.

insensate (a.) [ɪnˋsɛn͵set] 無知覺的，不合理的 impassioned (a.) [ɪmˋpæʃənd] 熱情的

The boxer lies insensate on the floor. The lecturer made an impassioned appeal for
A rock is an insensate object. the earthquake victims.
I refuse to endorse that insensate plan.

16
impassive (a.) [ɪmˋpæsɪv] 喜怒不形於色，無感情 olfactory (a.) [ɑlˋfæktərɪ] 嗅覺的
The native American is said to have an Dogs possess a highly developed olfactory
impassive-looking face. sense.

incompatible (a.) [͵ɪnkəmˋpætəbl] 不相容，不合 redolent (a.) [ˋrɛdələnt] 芬芳的；有…味道的

【衍】incompatibility (n.) 不相容，不合 【衍】redolence (n.) 芳香
The software is incompatible with your My grandmother's house always seemed to be
version of OS. redolent with the aroma of baking bread.
Kyoto is a city redolent of antiquity.
passive (a.) [ˋpæsɪv] 被動的，消極的
【衍】passivity (n.) 被動，消極
Sometimes passive resistance works better
than active rebellion.

pathetic (a.) [pəˋθɛtɪk] 可悲的

The homeless man made a pathetic attempt at
dressing respectably.

pathogenic (a.) [͵pæθəˋdʒɛnɪk] 致病的

【衍】pathogen (n.) 病原體
In many countries, untreated drinking water
may be pathogenic.

psychopath (n.) [ˋsaɪkə͵pæθ] 精神病患者

【衍】psychopathic (a.) 精神病的
The psychopath brought a gun to the school
and started shooting indiscriminately.

od, ol: smell

odor (n.) [ˋodɚ] 氣味，味道

【衍】odorous (a.) 味道重的
There is a musty odor in the damp cellar.

odious (a.) [ˋodɪəs] 可憎的，可惡的

The perpetrator of the odious crime was
sentenced to death.

17
 表示「表現」的字根

phan, phen: show

diaphanous (a.) [daɪˋæfənəs] 透明的，看得穿的

The bride wore a diaphanous veil.

phenomenal (a.) [fəˋnɑmənl] 驚人的

【衍】phenomenon (n.) 現象，奇觀
The phenomenal success of the young
company is truly amazing.

phantom (n., a.) [ˋfæntəm] 幽靈，魅影；幽靈般

的
Many claim to have seen a phantom at the
opera house.
The company was a phantom organization set
up to wash money.

18
 TOEFL
ENGLISH

TIME TOEFL GRE SAT

八週破百分班
課程策劃 ·英 文 刺 客（ 台 大 國 企 校 友 ）

授課大師 ·英 文 美 聲 天 后 Nana 〉TOEFL、IELTS高分名師 英國華威大學博士班

·英 文 取 分 天 后 Sophie 〉TOEFL、SAT高分名師 TOEFL iBT���分
·英 文 聽 力 王 Lawrence 〉SAT、TOEFL高分名師 加拿大名校UBC暨台大GMBA畢
·英 文 鋼 鐵 王 Will 〉GRE字彙 ���分 常春藤 哥倫比亞大學畢（外師）
·英 文 說 寫 天 后 Vicnie 〉名校UCLA畢 獨創心理學 說寫高分密技（外師）
·英 文 寫 作 王 子 Marco 〉TOEFL ���分 （聽/讀/寫滿分）名校MBA（外師）

課
課程程班
班別別
期別 課程名稱 老師 週數 星期 時段 起迄時間
愛上 閱讀班 [Reading] L �
前
八週破百分班 愛上 口說班 [Speaking] W �

愛上 聽力班 [Listening] L �
��,���元 後
愛上 寫作班 [Writing] W �

ＯＫＥ保留課程調整權利，正確課表，以開課日公佈為準。

上課時間 晨班 ��:�� ~ ��:�� 午班 ��:�� ~ ��:�� 晚班 ��:�� ~ ��:��

TOEFL金榜：【馬厚德 北科大 ���分】

【謝致有 台大資工 ���分】【羅為禾 台大生機 ���分 】【吳語涵 台大心理 ���分】
【呂燕妮 台科應外 ���分】【張瑋 台大經濟 ���分 】【楊惠雯 台大電信 ���分】
【石季平 康橋高二 ���分】【陳博彥 台大電機 ���分 】【王榆昇 台大機械 ���分】
【洪千惠 北伊利諾 ���分】【呂昕臻 台大土木 ���分】【陳琬其 台大國企 ���分】
【楊惟庭 師大東亞 ���分】【王偉宜 台大機械 ���分】【徐聖甯 台大化學 ���分】
【郭芳岑 台大國企 ���分】【吳映葦 台大電機 ���分】【廖世高 台大工海 ���分】
【 歐陽如昕 台大外文 ���分】【張景皓 台大電機 ���分】【羅翊嘉 台大會計 ���分】
【孫育鈴 台大物理 ���分】【戴欣儀 台大公衛 ���分】【莊雅雯 台大財金 ���分】
【陳泓廷 台大電機 ���分】【宇德安 台大光電 ���分】 【宋品賢 台大資工 ���分】
【邱心妍 台大國企 ���分】【孫晨瑜 台大化工 ���分】 【吳懿軒 台大財金 ���分】
【楊靖平 台大網媒 ���分】【鄧楊翰 清大電機 ���分】 【呂恩瑄 台大機械 ���分】
【林慈軒 台大國企 ���分】【施勝安 台大物理 ���分】 【段 戎 北一女中 ���分】
TOEFL高分人數眾多，謹向未列出同學致歉！

·歡迎來電 / 粉專諮詢。
·早鳥、舊生、團報各有優惠。 ２０２１.０�.��

地址：台北市大安區羅斯福路三段���號�樓（台電大樓對面，孫東寶牛排樓上） 電話：��-����-����
 表示「生」與「死」的字根
vit (viv): live, life
revive (v.) [rɪˋvaɪv] 復活，振興
【衍】revival (n.) 復活，振興
The plant may revive if you water it
immediately.
The aborigine is trying to revive a lost
handicraft.
vital (a.) [ˋvaɪtl]
維持生命必需的，生氣勃勃的，重要的
The patient just lost all vital signs.
The economy remains vital despite the energy
crisis.
Foreign trade is vital to national economy.
vitality (n.) [vaɪˋtælətɪ] 生命力，活力
The economy has lost vitality, so the
government is studying ways to revitalize it.
convivial (a.) [kənˋvɪvɪəl] 歡樂的，宴飲的
【衍】conviviality (n.) 歡樂，宴飲交際
The party had a convivial atmosphere.
viable (a.) [ˋvaɪəbl] 可以存活的，可行的
【衍】viability (n.) 存活能力，可行性
The seeds in the bag remain viable after two
years.
The plan is not economically viable.
vivid (a.) [ˋvɪvɪd] 鮮明的，生動的
【衍】vividness (n.) 鮮明，生動
The kid used vivid colors in her painting.
He gave a vivid description of his adventure
in the wild.
19
bio: life
symbiosis (n.) [͵sɪmbaɪˋosɪs] 共生關係
【衍】symbiotic (a.) 共生的
Clownfish and sea anemones live in
symbiosis.
biotechnology (n.) 生物科技
Cloning and other forms of biotechnology
have greatly increased agricultural
productivity.
bionic (a.) [baɪˋɑnɪk] 生物電子科技的
【衍】bionics (n.) 生物電子科技
The man can leave his wheelchair now
because he has a bionic leg.
biosphere (n.) [ˋbaɪə͵sfɪr] 生物圈
The earth’s biosphere extends from equatorial
to polar regions.
nat: born
nationalism (n.) [ˋnæʃənəlɪzəm] 民族主義
Chauvinism is nationalism taken to extremes.
innate (a.) [͵ɪnˋet] 與生俱來的，固有的
Humans have an innate desire for freedom.
Many animals have an innate sense of
direction.
naïve (a.) [nɑˋiv] 天真的，無知的
【衍】naivety (n.) 天真，無知
Don’t be so naïve: there’s no such thing as a
free lunch.
nascent (a.) [ˋnæsnt] 剛萌牙的，剛開始的
【衍】nascence (n.) 發生，起源
The starlet ruined her nascent movie career by
taking drugs.
naturalize (v.) [ˋnætʃərə͵laɪz] 歸化，入籍
【衍】naturalization (n.) 歸化，入籍
T.S. Eliot became a naturalized British citizen
in 1927.
pregnant (a.) [ˋprɛgnənt] 懷孕的
【衍】pregnancy (n.) 懷孕
Please yield priority seats to the elderly, the
handicapped, and pregnant women.
mort: death
immortal (a., n.) [ɪˋmɔrtl] 不朽的，不死的；神
【衍】immortality (n.) 不死，永生
Shakespeare won immortal fame through the
36 plays he wrote.
The immortals on Mount Olympus decided
the outcome of the battle for Troy.
mortician (n.) [mɔrˋtɪʃən] 殯葬業者
A mortician works in a mortuary.
morbid (a.) [ˋmɔrbɪd] 病理的，病態的，恐怖的
【衍】morbidity (n.) 病態，發病
Ever since the accident, he has been suffering
from a morbid fear of driving.
The suicidal youth has a morbid fascination
with death.
moribund (a.) [ˋmɔrə͵bʌnd] 垂死的，即將滅亡的
The moribund patient needs a priest now.
This moribund political party is about to be
disbanded.
20
mortify (v.) [ˋmɔrtə͵faɪ] 羞辱，抑制
【衍】mortification (n.) 屈辱，苦行
When I was about to pay, I was mortified to
find that I didn’t have my wallet.
The ascetic mortified the flesh in pursuit of
spiritual enlightenment.
mortgage (n., v.) [ˋmɔrgɪdʒ] 抵押貸款
Can you lend me some money to pay my
monthly mortgage?
The man mortgaged his house to fund his
business.
postmortem (a., n.) [postˋmɔrtəm]
死後的；驗屍，事後檢討
The coroner collected some postmortem
tissue specimens.
The medical examiner conducted a
postmortem on the corpse.
Party leaders are conducting a postmortem of
the election to find out what went wrong.
cide: kill
suicide (n.) [ˋsuə͵saɪd] 自殺
【衍】suicidal (a.) 自殺的
The terminal patient committed suicide to end
his pains.
No suicides can be buried in the churchyard.
ecocide (n.) [ˋɪkə͵saɪd] 生態滅絕
Nuclear warfare might cause widespread
ecocide.
genocide (n.) [ˋdʒɛnə͵saɪd] 種族滅絕，大屠殺
Six million Jews were victims of the worst
genocide in history.
homicide (n.) [ˋhɑmə͵saɪd] 殺人案，殺人犯
【衍】homicidal (a.) 有殺人傾向的
The number of homicides rose after capital
punishment was abolished.
No one is born a homicide.

pesticide (n.) [ˋpɛstɪ͵saɪd] 殺蟲劑，農藥

No pesticide may be used in the cultivation of
organic vegetables.

21
 表示「社會」與「城市」的字根
soci: join, group
society (n.) [səˋsaɪətɪ] 社會，協會
The US has a capitalist society.
The National Geographic Society was
founded in 1888.
Socialism advocates collective ownership.
Sociology is the study of human societies.
A social worker is looking after the poor old
man.
socialize (v.) [ˋsoʃə͵laɪz] 交際應酬
The PR officer is good at socializing with all
sorts of people.
The retired movie star is a famous socialite.
antisocial (a.) [͵æntɪˋsoʃəl] 孤僻的，反社會的
You may be considered antisocial if you
refuse to socialize with others.
Terrorists engage in such antisocial behavior
as planting bombs and killing innocents.
associate (v., n., a.) [əˋsoʃɪɪt] 聯想；夥伴；副的
Lung cancer is often associated with smoking.
That man is a business associate of mine.
He is an associate professor at this
department.
association (n.) [ə͵sosɪˋeʃən] 聯想，協會
The psychologist is using free association to
treat his patient.
The YMCA is a worldwide association.
dissociate (v.) [dɪ͵sosɪˋeʃən] 分離，分開
【衍】dissociation (n.) 分離，分開
The gangster has turned a politician and is
trying to dissociate himself from the past.
22
sociopolitical (a.) [͵sosɪopəˋlɪtəkəl] 社會政治的
After drastic sociopolitical changes, the
country was thoroughly modernized.
There were several sociopolitical forces at
work behind the change.
civi (citi): city, government
civilization (n.) [͵sɪv!əˋzeʃən] 文明
【衍】civilize (v.) 文明化，開化
In The Story of Civilization, Will Durant
compares “civilization” with “culture” thus:
civilization comes from the growth of cities,
whereas culture comes from agriculture,
cultivation of the land.
civic (a.) [ˋsɪvɪk] 公民的，市民的
【衍】civics (n.) 公民學
It is your civic duty to serve as a juror when
required.
Out of civic pride, many cities are trying to
build the tallest building in the world.
citadel (n.) [ˋsɪtədl] 城堡，要塞
The citadel on the Rhine protects the city
behind.
This university is a citadel of advanced
learning.
citizenship (n.) [ˋsɪtəzn͵ʃɪp] 公民權，國籍
【衍】citizen (n.) 市民，公民
citizenry (n.) 全體公民
The government official is attacked for
holding joint citizenship.
The citizenry on the whole is against the
reform project.
civilian (a., n.) [sɪˋvɪljən] 平民（的）
The civilian population refers to those over 15
but not in the armed forces.
Many civilians were killed or injured during
the war.
civil (a.) [ˋsɪvl] 有禮的，公民的，民事的
【衍】civility (n.) 禮貌
I’m sure we can work out our differences in a
civil manner.
The couple treated each other with civility but
not much warmth.
A government official is a civil servant.
If you break civil law, you can settle out of
court; with criminal law it’s different.
Building a bridge is a civil engineering
project.
The Civil War lasted five years.
polis (polit): city, government
policy (n.) [ˋpɑləsɪ] 政策
It is company policy to recycle waste paper
and materials.
politics (n.) [ˋpɑlətɪks] 政治
【衍】political (a.) 政治的
You don’t need to study politics to run for
office.
metropolis (n.) [məˋtrɑpəlɪs] 大都會
【衍】metropolitan (a.) 都會的
Los Angeles is a modern metropolis.
Have you been to the Metropolitan Opera
House?
politician (n.) [͵pɑləˋtɪʃən] 政客
That man is a politician, but he is far from
being a statesman.
23
cosmopolitan (a.) [͵kɑzməˋpɑlətn]
世界性的，國際化的
This city is increasingly cosmopolitan, with
people from all over the world.
polite (a.) [pəˋlaɪt] 禮貌的，客氣的
【衍】politeness (n.) 禮貌
The child is well-liked because he is always
polite.
politic (a., v.) [ˋpɑlə͵tɪk] 精明，於己有利的；競
選，拉票
It will not be politic for you to offend your
supervisor.
The Congressman is always politicking for
reelection.
demo: people
democracy (n.) [dɪˋmɑkrəsɪ] 民主
【衍】democratic (a.) 民主的
People in a democracy have the right to vote.
demographic (a., n.) [͵diməˋgræfɪk]
人口統計學的；特定族群
【衍】demography (n.) 人口統計學
demographics (n.) 人口統計資料
The latest demographic trend is one toward
ever larger percentages of senior citizens.
This magazine appeals specifically to a young
demographic.
The town’s demographics suggest that the
restaurant will do well there.
pandemic (a., n.) [pænˋdɛmɪk]
全國流行的；大規模疫情
The disease has reached pandemic
proportions.
The flu pandemic claimed millions of lives.
endemic (a.) [ɛnˋdɛmɪk] 地方性的，某地特有的
Dengue fever is endemic to tropical regions.

24
 表示「司法」與「懲罰」的字根

prejudice (n., v.) [ˋprɛdʒədɪs] 成見；使產生成見

jur (jus): right, law Employment policies of this company do not
allow any racial or sexual prejudice.
justice (n.) [ˋdʒʌstɪs] 正義，司法，法官 The malicious rumor may have prejudiced the
In a Western, the job of a sheriff is to uphold voters against the candidate.
justice. This is an unprejudiced report.
The nine Justices in the Supreme Court hold
life tenure.

justify (v.) [ˋdʒʌstə͵faɪ] 證明…有理，為…辯護

leg: law
【衍】justification (n.) 辯解，證明
Some believe that the end justifies the means. legal (a.) [ˋligl] 法律的，合法的
It was the only thing I could do—I need no 【衍】legality (n.) 合法性
justification. legalize (v.) 合法化
You should ask your legal advisor for help.
judicial (a.) [dʒuˋdɪʃəl] 司法的 The recreational use of marijuana is legal in
The judicial system is badly in need of several states now.
reform. Gay activists are pushing to legalize same-sex
marriage.
judicious (a.) [dʒuˋdɪʃəs] 明智的
The judicious thing to do at this moment is to legislation (n.) [͵lɛdʒɪsˋleʃən] 立法，法律
wait. 【衍】legislate (v.) 立法
legislative (a.) 立法的
jurisdiction (n.) [͵dʒʊrɪsˋdɪkʃən] 司法管轄權 The state has passed legislation that makes it
The local court has no jurisdiction over this illegal to smoke in public places.
case. Congress represents the legislative branch of
“You’re out of your jurisdiction,” said the the government.
sheriff to the Federal agent. The party is mobilizing its legislators to block
the bill.
jury (n.) [ˋdʒʊrɪ] 陪審團
【衍】juror (n.) 陪審團員 legislature (n.) [ˋlɛdʒɪs͵letʃɚ] 議會，立法機關
The jury has returned its verdict. 【衍】legislator (n.) 議員
Every juror found the defendant guilty. The state legislature will meet tomorrow to
discuss new legislation.
jurist (n.) [ˋdʒʊrɪst] 法學家
Chief Justice Earl Warren was a famous
jurist.

25
legitimate (a.) [lɪˋdʒɪtəmɪt] 合法的，合理的
【衍】legitimacy (n.) 合法性，合理性
The military government is not legitimate
because it obtained power through a coup.
All legitimate expenditures will be
recompensed.
Even an illegitimate child has basic rights.
penitentiary (n.) [͵pɛnəˋtɛnʃərɪ] 監獄
The criminal is now serving sentences in the
state penitentiary.
punitive (a.) [ˋpjunɪtɪv] 懲罰性的
To save energy, the government has imposed
punitive taxes on large cars.
The villagers are suing the polluting factory
for punitive damages.

pen (pun): pain, punish repent (v.) [rɪˋpɛnt] 悔改

【衍】repentant (a.) 悔改的
punishment (n.) [ˋpʌnɪʃmənt] 懲罰 repentance (n.) 悔改
【衍】punish (v.) 懲罰 The minister urges the congregation to repent,
Capital punishment does not seem to deter stressing that the end is near.
crime. The man repented of his sins, and the priest
absolved him.
penal (a.) [ˋpinl] 刑罰的，當受刑罰的
Australia was once a penal colony.
Bearing false witness is a penal offense.

penalize (v.) [ˋpinə͵laɪz] 處罰，對…不公

【衍】penalty (n.) 處罰
The airline company was penalized for failing
to meet safety requirements.
This law would unfairly penalize immigrants.
The maximum penalty for this crime is three
years.

impunity (n.) [ɪmˋpjunətɪ] 不受懲罰，不付代價

Humans cannot expect to go on polluting the
environment with impunity.
Thanks to lax oversight, students cheated in
the exam with impunity.

penitent (a.) [ˋpɛnətənt] 懺悔的

【衍】penitence (n.) 懺悔
The criminal felt penitent and turned himself
in.
The hardened criminal remains impenitent.

26
 表示「正直」與「欺騙」的字根

rect (rig): straight, right ver: true

direct (v., a.) [dəˋrɛkt] 指導；直接的 verify (v.) [ˋvɛrə͵faɪ] 驗證，查證

【衍】direction (n.) 指導，方向
The movie was directed by Stephen
Spielberg.
This is a direct flight to Paris.
In which direction did the car go?
Read the directions on the manual before
using the machine.
You can find the company in the telephone
directory.
【衍】verification (n.) 驗證，查證
An editor must verify a story before printing
it in the newspaper.
The story requires verification.
veracious (a.) [vəˋreʃəs] 誠實的，真實可靠的
【衍】veracity (n.) 誠實，真實
My friend is a veracious man.
The veracity of his story is indisputable.

rectangular (a.) [rɛkˋtæŋgjəlɚ] 長方形的，直角的 aver (v.) [əˋvɝ] 斷言，堅稱

【衍】rectangle (n.) 長方形
There is a rectangular clearing in the woods.
erect (a., v.) [ɪˋrɛkt] 直立的，挺直的；豎立，建立
The man walks with an erect posture.
Many buildings are being erected on the
waterfront.
incorrigible (a.) [ɪnˋkɔrɪdʒəbl] 無可救藥
“You’re incorrigible,” said the woman to her
boyfriend.
I aver that my friend is innocent.
verdict (n.) [ˋvɝdɪkt] （陪審團的）判決
After the jury returned the verdict, the judge
gave his sentence.
verity (n.) [ˋvɛrətɪ] 真實性，真理
The verity of the story is self-evident.
The philosophy professor likes to talk about
the eternal verities.

rectify (v.) [ˋrɛktə͵faɪ] 矯正，訂正

【衍】rectification (n.) 矯正，訂正
rectifiable (a.) 可以矯正
It is not too late to rectify the unpopular
policy.
The mistake is rectifiable.

rectitude (n.) [ˋrɛktə͵tjud] 正直

Our manager is a man of unquestionable
moral rectitude.

27
 多意義字根
gen: born, produce, kind
generate (v.) [ˋdʒɛnə͵ret] 生產
【衍】generation (n.) 生產
generator (n.) 發電機
The hydroelectric plant generates enough
electricity for the whole city.
generation (n.) [͵dʒɛnəˋreʃən] 世代
There is no generation gap between me and
my daughter.
generalization (n.) [͵dʒɛnərəlaɪˋzeʃən]
通則，概括，歸納
【衍】generalize (v.) 歸納
Such a generalization about immigrants
smacks of racial prejudice.
gender (n.) [ˋdʒɛndɚ] 性別
Discrimination based on gender is illegal.
The feminist movement is fighting for gender
equality.
engender (v.) [ɪnˋdʒɛndɚ] 引起，產生出
The tax hike has engendered protests.
carcinogen (n.) [kɑrˋsɪnədʒən] 致癌物
【衍】carcinogenic (a.) 致癌的
Cigarettes contain several carcinogens.
congenital (a.) [kənˋdʒɛnətl] 先天性的
The child was born with congenital heart
disease.
indigenous (a.) [ɪnˋdɪdʒɪnəs]
土產的，原生種的，自製的
This is a botanical garden of indigenous trees.
28
genitals (n.) [ˋdʒɛnətəlz] 生殖器官
【衍】genitalia (n.) 生殖器官
Organisms of the same species have
compatible genitals.
genealogy (n.) [ˌdʒiːnɪˈælədʒi] 世系，家譜
I learned where we came from after I studied
the genealogy of my family.
genesis (n.) [ˋdʒɛnəsɪs] 創始，肇始
This book tells about the genesis of the Green
Party.
genetics (n.) [dʒəˋnɛtɪks] 遺傳學
Genetics is primarily the study of genes.
genre (n.) [ˋʒɑnrə]（文藝作品的）類型
Mysteries and horrors are two different movie
genres.
homogeneous (a.) [͵homəˋdʒinɪəs]
同質性高的，整齊的
【衍】homogeneity (n.) 同質性
This is a culturally homogenous
neighborhood: almost all families are Asian
Americans.
miscegenation (n.) [͵mɪsɪdʒəˋneʃən] 異族通婚
Miscegenation often produces exceptionally
vital offspring.
ingenious (a.) [ɪnˋdʒinjəs] 聰明的，巧妙的
【衍】ingenuity (n.) 聰明，巧妙
He came up with an ingenious solution to
return the company to profitability.
genuine (a.) [ˋdʒɛnjʊɪn] 真正的，誠摰的
The signature is genuine.
He felt a deep and genuine affection toward
her.
temp: time, season, mix
temperate (a.) [ˋtɛmprɪt] 溫和的，溫帶的
【衍】temperature (n.) 溫度
The nation lies in the temperate zone.

temporary (a., n.) [ˋtɛmpə͵rɛrɪ] 暫時的；臨時僱員

hum: ground, low, wet
Stopping the leak with chewing gum is only a
temporary measure.
humble (a.) [ˋhʌmbl] 謙卑的，卑微的 The student is working here as a temporary,
【衍】humility (n.) 謙卑 for the summer only.
The great industrial tycoon remains a humble
man. extemporaneous (a.) [ɛk͵stɛmpəˋrenɪəs]
Abraham Lincoln came from humble origins. 即興創作的
Humility is a virtue. 【衍】extemporize (v.) 即興演出
The winner made an extemporaneous speech,
humid (a.) [ˋhjumɪd] （氣候）潮濕的 in which he thanked a lot of people.
【衍】humidity (n.) 濕度
The island has a humid climate, with rains all temper (n., v.) [ˋtɛmpɚ]
year round. 脾氣，性情；鍛鍊，調和
When humidity reaches saturation, it begins 【衍】temperament (n.) 性情，氣質
to rain. My sister has a really bad temper.
Tempered steel does not easily shatter.
humiliate (v.) [hjuˋmɪlɪ͵et] 羞辱，侮辱 The old judge has learned to temper justice
【衍】humiliation (n.) 羞辱，侮辱 with mercy.
The lady felt humiliated when she failed to
receive an invitation to the big party.
After the humiliation of last year’s defeat, our tempestuous (a.) [tɛmˋpɛstʃəs] 狂暴的，劇烈的
team finally won the championship this year. 【衍】tempest (n.) 風暴
After one final, tempestuous fight, the couple
inhume (v.) [ɪnˋhjum] 埋葬入土 broke up.
【衍】inhumation (n.) 埋葬入土
No suicides can be inhumed in the tempo (n.) [ˋtɛmpo] 節奏，節拍
churchyard.
The inspector asked that the corpse be Toward the end of the symphony, there was a
exhumed. change of tempo.

posthumous (a.) [ˋpɑstjuməs] 身後的

The officer left behind a posthumous child.
The posthumous publication of the novel won
the author undying fame.

29
 pend (pens, pond, pons):
hang, weigh, pay
expense (n.) [ɪkˋspɛns] 開銷，支出
【衍】expensive (a.) 昂貴的
expend (v.) 支出，花費
Living expenses are high in major cities.
A lot of his time is expended on keeping the
garden tidy.
pendant (n.) [ˋpɛndənt] 墜子，吊飾
She wore a necklace with a diamond pendant.
appendix (n.) [əˋpɛndɪks] 附錄，盲腸
【衍】append (v.) 附加
There are three appendices to the book.
The sailor had his appendix removed before
going out to sea.
appendage (n.) [əˋpɛndɪdʒ]
附屬物，附加物；肢體
The committee is a mere appendage of the
council and has no power of its own.
The seahorse has several small leaf-like
appendages.
compensation (n.) [͵kɑmpənˋseʃən]
補償，校正，報酬
【衍】compensate (v.) 補償，校正
Victims of the pollution are negotiating with
the factory for compensation.
The sharpshooter aimed slightly to the right,
to compensate for the wind.
I’m going to quit because the work and the
compensation are disproportionate.
pensive (a.) [ˋpɛnsɪv] 沈思的，若有所思的
The woman is in a pensive mood.
30
indispensable (a.) [͵ɪndɪsˋpɛnsəbl] 不可或缺的
If you plan to camp in these mountains, warm
clothing is absolutely indispensable.
Let’s dispense with the introduction and go
down to business.
pending (a., prep.) [ˋpɛndɪŋ] 懸而未決；等待…
The case is still pending, but my lawyer is
optimistic.
The project was put on hold, pending
approval by the board.
pendulum (n.) [ˋpɛndʒələm] 鐘擺
That grandfather clock has a rather large
pendulum.
Fluctuations on the real estate market are
simply swings of the pendulum.
ponder (v.) [ˋpɑndɚ] 衡量，思考
The fresh graduate is pondering his future.
imponderable (a.) [ɪmˋpɑndərəbl] 無法衡量的
You can only be awed facing the
imponderable vastness of space.
ponderous (a.) [ˋpɑndərəs] 笨重的，沈悶的
I heard ponderous footsteps coming upstairs.
He fell asleep during the ponderous lecture.
sponsor (n., v.) [ˋspɑnsɚ] 主辦者，贊助人；主
辦，資助
Who is the sponsor for your studies in the
US?
A few words from your sponsor.
The show is sponsored by a tobacco
company.
suspense (n.) [səˋspɛns] 懸疑
The reader is kept in suspense right up to the
last page.
suspend (v.) [səˋspɛnd] 懸浮，懸吊，暫停，停職
【衍】suspension (n.) 懸浮，懸吊，暫停，停職
Plankton lives suspended in water.
The builders worked on wooden platforms,
suspended by ropes from the roof of the
building.
The cable car service has been suspended
because of the thunderstorm.
He was suspended for four games after
arguing with the referee.
arch: chief, ancient, rule
architecture (n.) [ˋɑrkə͵tɛktʃɚ] 建築
【衍】architect (n.) 建築師
architectural (a.) 建築的，結構的
The young man studied architecture in
college.
archrival (n.) [ɑrtʃˋraɪvl] 頭號對手
Pepsi is Coca Cola’s archrival in the soft
drink market.
hierarchy (n.) [ˋhaɪə͵rɑrkɪ] 階級制度
【衍】hierarchical (a.) 階級制度的
The expression “pecking order” originally
refers to the social hierarchy of birds.
matriarch (n.) [ˋmetrɪ͵ɑrk] 女家長，女統治者
【衍】matriarchal (a.) 女家長的，母系社會的
In a matriarchal society, the matriarch holds
supreme power.
My grandfather is the patriarch of an
extended family.

archaeology (n.) [͵ɑrkɪˋɑlədʒɪ] 考古學

【衍】archaeologist (n.) 考古學家
archaeological (a.) 考古學的
The man is an expert on the archaeology of
ancient Egypt.

anarchy (n.) [ˋænɚkɪ] 無政府主義，混亂

【衍】anarchist (n.) 無政府主義者
After the revolution, France quickly slipped
into a state of anarchy.

archaic (a.) [ɑrˋkeɪk] 古老的，老式的

【衍】archaism (n.) 古文體，古風
“Thou shalt love thy neighbour” is an archaic
way of saying “You should love your
neighbor.”

31
 Reading: The Southern EW Cross-Island Highway
The Southern EW Cross-Island Highway, or
Provincial Road No. 20, connects Tainan in the
west and Haiduan in the east, with 212 kilometers
of varied landscape in between. Starting from the
metropolis of Tainan, the road goes through
affluent suburbs, graceful countryside, aboriginal
reservations high in the sublime Central
Mountain Range, primeval forests, magnificent
river valleys, and fertile farming lands on the
eastern side.
This is an atypical or even unique road because
along the way you are exposed to subtropical,
temperate, and frigid climates, with a full
spectrum of annual, perennial, deciduous and
evergreen plants on view. If you’re planning a
vacation on this road, here’s an itinerary
suggestion.
After departing from Tainan you come directly to
Yujing. You may have heard about Yujing mangoes,
because mangoes produced here reign supreme on
the market. With the many different varieties
available, you can get fresh mangoes from early
summer all through late fall. Most people find the
mangoes here irresistible. Alternatively, if you
come in winter, you can always buy preserved
mangoes, which are provided in profusion
year-round.
Next you come to Jiaxian, a secluded town
surrounded by mountains. Roll down your car
windows and follow your nose—that exquisite
smell will lead you to one taro product or another.
There are taro ice cream, taro crackers, taro pies,
and an infinite variety of others. Jiaxian is the
original taro capital of Taiwan.
The next stop is Baolai, a hot-spring resort. The
water temperature here is about 50 degrees
centigrade; you can drink from as well as bathe in
32
it. It’s an invaluable “beauty spring”; advocates
claim that the water makes your skin tender. If you
have a scar somewhere on your body, the water is
supposed to remove it after repeated bathing. If you
don’t like any of the plentiful hot-spring hotels in
Baolai, you can always go upstream to one of the
exposed natural springs that can be used free.
If you prefer the excitement of white-water rafting,
you’re in luck. Baolai is the port where rafting at
Laonung River starts. This is a four-star route,
which means it’s double the difficulty of the
Xiuguluan River route, a two-star one. It takes
about two hours to traverse the 12.5 kilometers of
rapids and currents. The best time for rafting is
from May through October. However, consecutive
rainy days and the near-saturation humidity
sometimes cause landslides that obstruct traffic
and imperil motorists. You can avert disaster and
ensure free locomotion by checking the weather
before you go.
From Baolai you proceed to Meishan, the
southwestern portal to Yushan National Park.
There’s a tourist center here that provides all sorts
of travel information. You can also visit Taiwan’s
first botanical garden of indigenous plants, of
which some 50 different varieties have been
assembled here. It will be a memorable experience.
Meishan is inhabited by the Bunoon aborigines,
who pursue traditional farming. There is one
majestic suspension bridge to either side of the
village. The view around here is spectacular.
Meishan is the final settlement on the western side
of the Central Mountain Range. From here on it's a
slow, tortuous ascent, climbing some 1,500 meters
in altitude in less than 30 kilometers. The climb
may be too much a test on your car if it’s
superannuated.
Hopefully, without any malfunction or mishap,
your car manages to take you to Zongziguan, where
a footpath leads up to Tienchi, a small mountain
lake at 2,290 meters. It is credited to be a spot
especially plentiful in spiritual energy. The
3.5-kilometer path is a renovated section of the
Guanshan Yueling Old Trail.
Along the path there are forests from primeval
times, with the occasional ancient ruins from the
Japanese occupation. You’ll find the gradient small
and the exercise not disagreeable, even if you’re of
a sedentary nature. This path is so high up that
mosquitoes are nonexistent, so you can leave your
insecticide behind, although other hexapods can
still be found.
Back on the road, you’re heading for Kuaigu, or
Juniper Valley. At 2,454 meters, this is the largest
expanse of primitive forests along the road. These
forests conserve water, with which Tienchi is
replenished. Often you can’t see the tops of the
gigantic junipers, partly because they’re so tall, and
partly because there’s always a mist in the humid
valley. Unfortunately, even here some of the trees
are disfigured by graffiti, inscribed with the
initials of ignorant tourists.
After Kuaigu, you encounter the highest part of the
whole road—Daguanshan Tunnel, at 2,722 meters.
Take out your altimeter and check it out, if you
have one in your car. I suggest that you stop your
car before the tunnel. You’ll see a disused logging
road on your left—the Yakou Forestry Road. It is
closed to automobile traffic, but open to
courageous hikers. Take a walk down the small
road, keep your eyes open for evidence of animal
activities there, and sense the ambience. It will be
an interesting digression. Conserve your energy,
however, and avoid abrupt motions, or you may
have trouble with the tenuous air.
33
When you’ve driven through the 615-m tunnel,
park again. You’ll be perplexed to find everything
altered—the view, the plants and animals, and even
the climate! You have just ventured through the
very vertebrae of the Central Mountain Range and
come out on the east side. Instead of firs, now you
see pines. If there’s a thermometer in your car, you
may notice the temperature difference is as much
as five degrees centigrade. There’s a large parking
lot near the eastern terminal of the tunnel. That’s
an excellent observation platform for appreciating
the sea of clouds.
A bit further on, you come to the Yakou Country
Inn, a simple facility run by the China Youth Corps
and the first accommodation available since
Meishan. This is also a superb spot to admire the
immense sea of clouds. The perpendicular cliff
and the bottomless valley can give you vertigo. The
Inn is also used as a base camp for mountaineers to
conquer some of the most majestic mountains
along the road—Xiangyangshan and the adjoining
Daguanshan. An admonition: be sure to make
reservations if you plan to dine at the Inn.
The next spot of civilization is Lidao, a Bunoon
village. After a good night’s sleep you’ve fully
recuperated and are ready for further adventures
ahead: the nine-kilometer Xinwu Luxia, a
vertiginous valley hundreds of meters deep. The
road winds along its edge and goes in and out of
tunnels. Be sure to keep your eyes on the road and
don’t be distracted by the majestic cascades.
Soon after Wulu, you come to Haiduan, the eastern
terminal of the Southern EW Cross-Island
Highway and the junction with the Huadong NS
Valley Highway. From here you have the
alternative of going north to Hualian or south to
Taidong—another scenic road, but that’s another
journey.
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6OJWFSTJUZ
PG
$BMJGPSOJB
4BO
%JFHP 6$4%

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