Name:Mark Kiptoo

Key Concept:Change
Related Concept:Power and process
Global Context:Fairness and development
Conceptual Understanding:Change wis a product of power and processes
Statement of Inquiry:Changes in power and processes may result in justice ,peace and conflict
management.

Formulate a clear and focused research question

To what extent has the United Nations helped or contributed toward the 20th Century promotion
of peace and conflict resolutions?

Justify the relevance of the research question to the state statement of inquiry

The research question is going to tell or provide the attributes and contribution of the United
Nations towards the 20th century peace and conflict management without living behind how it
has contributed in the provision of justice to all despite the nationality or state.

List of the primary and secondary sources of research I would use

PRIMARY SOURCES
Interviews
Diaries
Speeches
Podcasts

SECONDARY SOURCES
Newspaper articles
Encyclopedia
Biography
Websites

State methods of data collection

Software
Documenting
Filing
Reflect on the research process
In this investigation ,I used the website source so as to get enough information about the
contribution of the UN towards the 20th Century peace and conflict resolution.

Limitations of the methods or the sources used

While researching I came to know that the website was not the best research source as I could
find some unnecessary information .It would also give shallow information and other
information that was too wide for me to analyze.

General conclusion of the research

While conducting the research,I not only found information about United Nations’
attributes and contribution towards the 20th Century peace and conflict resolutions but also its
concern about or towards human rights and security and also food 1security .Haivng these
concerns,it has helped the United Nations in promotion of peace and conflict neutralization
globally and amongst its member states.

The DAILY NATIONS

THE UNITED NATIONS’ CONTRIBUTION TO 20TH CENTURY PEACE AND CONFLICT RESOLUTION
By Mark Kiptoo

UN peacekeeping missions operate in the most dangerous and difficult environments in the world, dealing with
conflicts – or their aftermath – which others cannot or will not address. We can achieve what others can’t, but
success is never guaranteed.
We have built up an impressive record of peacekeeping achievements over more than 70 years of our existence,
including winning the Nobel Peace Prize.

1
Since 1948, the UN has helped end conflicts and foster reconciliation by conducting successful peacekeeping
operations in dozens of countries, including Cambodia, El Salvador, Guatemala, Mozambique, Namibia and

Tajikistan.

UN peacekeeping has also made a real difference in other places with recently completed or on-going operations
such as Sierra Leone, Burundi, Côte d’Ivoire, Timor-Leste, Liberia, Haiti and Kosovo. By providing basic
security guarantees and responding to crises, these UN operations have supported political transitions and
helped buttress fragile new state institutions. They have helped countries to close the chapter of conflict and
open a path to normal development, even if major peacebuilding challenges remain.

In other instances, however, UN peacekeeping – and the response by the international community as a whole –
have been challenged and found wanting, for instance in Somalia, Rwanda and the former Yugoslavia in the
early 1990s. These setbacks provided important lessons for the international community when deciding how
and when to deploy and support UN peacekeeping as a tool to restore and maintain international peace and
security.

What factors are required for success?

As past experience shows, there are several factors that are essential for a successful peacekeeping operation. It
must:

Be guided by the principles of consent, impartiality and the non-use of force except in self-defense and defense of
the mandate;
Be perceived as legitimate and credible, particularly in the eyes of the local population;
Promote national and local ownership of the peace process in the host country.
Other important factors that help drive success include:

Genuine commitment to a political process by the parties in working towards peace (there must be a peace to
keep);
Clear, credible and achievable mandates, with matching personnel, logistic and financial resources;
Unity of purpose within the Security Council, with active support to UN operations in the field;
Host country commitment to unhindered UN operations and freedom of movement;
Supportive engagement by neighboring countries and regional actors;
An integrated UN approach, effective coordination with other actors on the ground and good communication
with host country authorities and population;
The utmost sensitivity towards the local population and upholding the highest standards of professionalism and
good conduct (peacekeepers must avoid becoming part of the problem).

A recent story: United Nations Operation in Côte d'Ivoire successfully completed its mandate on 30 June 2017

123 Your Street, Your City, ST 12345

REFERENCE LIST

https://www.google.com/search?q=failures+of+un+on+peace+and+conflict+resolution&tbm=is
ch&chips=q:failures+of+un+on+peace+and+conflict+resolution,online_chips:the+un:OdH1d8xG
OgA%3D&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiYvbjKmsz9AhVVrycCHdeAAwEQ4lYoA3oECAEQKA&biw=
1080&bih=707#imgrc=NX-oeNLH3tGQEM

https://www.trtworld.com/americas/twelve-times-the-un-has-failed-the-world-21666

https://www.google.com/search?q=methods+of+data+collection&client=safari&hl=en-GB&sxsrf
=AJOqlzU3A1tVe2w7reBL90Ql_OvQyiFbzA:1678259408626&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ve
d=2ahUKEwjmj5G_48v9AhVnMOwKHaqlDEAQ_AUoAXoECAEQAw&biw=1121&bih=734&dpr=2
https://peacekeeping.un.org/en/our-successes

https://library.bowdoin.edu/research/primary-and-secondary-sources.shtml