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Grasso

Refrigeration Division

Ammonia Liquid Chiller


DX Series
LR compact
200 ... 800 kW

Product Information

2002.03/1 _634471_pi_dxlrc__gbr_.doc
 Copyright Grasso GmbH Refrigeration Technology
The contents of this documentation and the enclosed drawings, sketches and diagrams are intended only for plant
users and operating personnel. They may be neither duplicated nor divulged to third parties or firms without
written consent.
The technical data, figures, dimensions and weights presented in the documentation may be more closely defined
or otherwise specified as a result of contractual agreement and are binding only after our confirmation in writing.
The stipulations set forth in the contract have precedence over those in this documentation.
We reserve all rights to introduce technical modifications in the course of further development.
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