Good evening, ladies, and gentlemen. First of all, let me thank you all for coming here today.

Let me introduce myself. I’m Juan Sena and I’m the chief of surgery from the Cleveland Clinic in
Ohio. As you can see on the screen, our topic today is “Parkinson disease.” The topic is very
important for all of us because it will help us to understand about the people with Parkinson
and the proper management of this disease. By the end of this talk, you will be familiar with
concepts such as Parkinson, levodopa/carbidopa and WHO.

I’ve divided my presentation into three parts. I’ll start off by explaining the concept and
characteristics of Parkinson disease. Then, I will continue on to speak about the assessment
and care. And by the end of this presentation, I will tell you about the WHO responses, and I
will give you time for questions.

To begin with, I ´d like to give a definition of Parkinson disease. It can be defined as a

degenerative condition of the brain associated with motor symptoms (slow movement,
tremor, rigidity and imbalance) and other complications including cognitive impairment,
mental health disorders, sleep disorders and pain and sensory disturbances.

Now, that we ´ve discussed about what Parkinson disease is main concepts (main concepts?
Solo hablaste de la definicion tarado, para hablar en plural de conceptoSSS, necesitas dos
temas y solo hablaste definicion), I ´d like to move on to some examples about the assessment
and care. There are lots of examples such as medicines, surgical treatment and alternative
therapies that treat or diminish the symptoms of PD; For example, Levodopa/carbidopa
remains the most common and effective medication and is on the WHO Model List of Essential
Medicines.

Other medications, such as anticholinergics or therapies such as, deep brain stimulation can
also treat symptoms of PD, especially tremors as well as to reduce medicine intake. However,
many medications and surgical resources are not accessible, available or affordable
everywhere.

As with many degenerative neurologic disorders, nonpharmacological management such as

rehabilitation can offer relief, this includes, specific types of physiotherapy including strength
training, gait and balance training, and hydrotherapy can help improve functioning and quality
of life for people with PD and other movement disorders.

Now, let´s look at the last point. It is about the WHO response; For example, the WHO
endorsed the Intersectoral global action plan on epilepsy and other neurological disorders for
2022–2031. The action plan will address the challenges and gaps in providing care and services
for people with epilepsy and other neurological disorders such as PD that exist worldwide and
ensure a comprehensive, coordinated response across sectors. This includes raising policy
prioritization and providing effective and responsive diagnosis, implementing strategies for
promotion and prevention.

To recap briefly on the first issue, the key point I want to emphasize is that It can be defined as
a degenerative condition of the brain associated with motor symptoms. Regarding the second
topic, I want to place special emphasis on the types of treatment that include medications
such as levodopa, carbidopa, these medications have effects on the nervous system and
increase dopamine levels, this can be related to Brave (valiente? No se que quisiste decir aqui
o si es el nombre de alguna farmaceutica o medicina) new world since dopamine not only has
effects in body movements but also in depressive symptoms and personality such as the SOMA
in the novel (novel siginfica novela, tampoco se que quisiste decir aca).
The final point in this presentation is about the action plan by the WHO to ensure the correct
treatment of people with Parkinson's disease including the basic principles of bioethics:
Autonomy, Beneficence, No maleficence and Justice, These four basic principles are created
and developed by Bioethical Committees in Argentina and the rest of the countries, to ensure
patient safety and proper conducts between patient-doctor relationship.

To summarize, I would like to say that health providers must work ethically in their practices,
to carry out that vision they must respect the four basic principles of medical ethics. Autonomy
refers to the fact that people have the right to control what happens to their bodies, so an
informed patient can refuse or accept treatments and medications according to their wishes.
Therefore, before offering a treatment, we must clarify the risks and benefits of each one and
ensure that the patient understands them so that they can make an informed decision. The
principle of beneficence refers to the fact that doctors must improve the health of their
patients so we must know the benefits of each of the treatments for the patient's disease. And
the last and most important principle is that of non-maleficence, which means that all health
providers must avoid causing harm to their patients.

Thank you very much? O terminas hablando de etica?