Professional Documents
Culture Documents
com/
By : M.M. Khan
DOWNLOAD MORE PDF FOR GOVERNMENT EXAM CLICK HERE >>> https://pdfexam.com/
DOWNLOAD MORE PDF FOR GOVERNMENT EXAM CLICK HERE >>> https://pdfexam.com/
THE INSTITUTE
šerce keâes
Ùen Notes Øemlegle keâjles ngS yeÌ[er KegMeer keâer DevegYetefle nes jner nw~ Ùen Notes meYeer One
Day Exam kesâ hewšve& keâes OÙeeve ceW jKekeâj yeveeÙee ieÙee nw~ Deepe yeoueles ngS One Day hewšve& keâes
osKeles ngS Ùen Notes, One Day Exam kesâ DeYÙeefLe&ÙeeW kesâ efueS ceooieej meeefyele nesiee~ FmeceW
DeveeJeMÙekeâ YeücehetCe& meeceeef«eÙeeW mes hejnspe efkeâÙee ieÙee nw Deewj nj Skeâ Meyo keâes Deehekesâ efueS GheÙeesieer
yeveeves keâer keâesefMeMe keâer ieÙeer nw~
FmeceW cewhe, Ûeeš& Deewj «eeheâ kesâ peefjS efJe<eÙe keâes Deefle mejue yeveeÙee ieÙee nw~ Ùen Notes
keäueeme ueskeäÛej keâes Supplement keâjves kesâ efueS yeveeÙee ieÙee nw~ Ùen mebheeove keâeÙe& keäueeme ueskeäÛej kesâ
meeLe efceuekeâj mebhetCe& neslee nw Deewj Ùen keäueeme ueskeäÛej keâes megÂCe keâjves kesâ efueS yeveeÙee ieÙee nw~ efyevee
keäueeme ueskeäÛej kesâ Ùen Notes DeOetje nw~
FmeceW yeepee™ meeceeef«eÙeeW kesâ meYeer $egefšÙeeW keâes otj efkeâÙee ieÙee nw Deewj DevÙe Øekeâej keâer $egefšÙeeW
keâes megOeejves keâer hetjer keâesefMeMe keâer ieÙeer nw Ùeefo Fmekesâ yeeo Yeer keâesF& ceeveJeerÙe Ùee ceMeerveer ieueleer ngF& nes
lees mebmLee #eceeØeeLeea nw~
Fmekesâ Deefleefjòeâ Ùen Notes Deehe meYeer kesâ menÙeesie mes yevee nw Deewj FmeceW efkeâmeer Yeer Øekeâej keâe
megPeeJe meowJe mJeerkeâeÙe& nw~ mebmLee Deheves Úe$eeW mes Ùen Gcceero keâjlee nw efkeâ Úe$e Fme Notes keâe hetje
GheÙeesie keâjsiee Deewj mebmLee kesâ GcceeroeW hej Keje Glejsiee keäÙeeWefkeâ Deehe JeneB heÌ{les nQ ‘peneB mesueskeäMeve
OevÙeJeeo
C. Shekhar
(THE INSTITUTE)
DOWNLOAD MORE PDF FOR GOVERNMENT EXAM CLICK HERE >>> https://pdfexam.com/
DOWNLOAD MORE PDF FOR GOVERNMENT EXAM CLICK HERE >>> https://pdfexam.com/
Hkkjr dk Hkwxksy& bl Hkkx esa HkkSfrd] vkfFkZd ,oa lkekftd Hkwxksy ls lacfa /kr iz'u gksx
a As
♦ fLFkfr o lhek,¡ LFkyh; lhekvks
lhekvksa ij fLFkr Hkkjrh; jkT;
lhek ij vofLFkr Hkkjrh;
Hkkjr ,f'k;k egk}hi dk ,d ns'k gS] tks ,f'k;k ds ns'k
jkT;
nf{k.kh Hkkx esa fgUn egklkxj ds 'kh"kZ ij rhu vksj xqtjkr] jktLFkku] iatkc]
leqnzksa ls f?kjk gqvk gSA iwjk Hkkjr mÙkjh xksyk)Z esa • ikfdLrku ¼4½ tEew vkSj d'ehj
iM+rk gSA • vQxkfuLrku ¼1½ tEew vkSj d'ehj
tEew vkSj d'ehj] fgekapy
Hkkjr dk v{kka'kh; foLrkj 8°4' mÙkjh v{kka'k ls 37°6'
• phu ¼5½ izn's k] mÙkjkapy] flfDde]
mÙkjh v{kka'k rd gSA v#.kkpy izn's k
Hkkjr dk ns'kkUrj foLrkj 68°7' iwohZ ns'kkUrj ls 97°25' mÙkj izn's k] mÙkjkapy] fcgkj]
• usiky ¼5½ if'peh caxky] flfDde
iwohZ ns'kkUrj rd gSA
flfDde] if'peh caxky]
Hkkjr dk {ks=Qy 32,87,263 oxZ fdeh- gSA • HkwVku ¼4½ vle] v#.kkpy izn's k
{ks=Qy dh n`f"V ls lalkj esa Hkkjr dk lkrok¡ LFkku if'peh caxky] vle] es?kky;]
• ckaXykns'k ¼5½ f=iqjk] fetksje
gSA ;g :l ds {ks=Qy dk yxHkx 1/5, la-jk- vesfjdk
v#.kkpy izn's k] ukxkyS.M]
ds {ks=Qy dk 1/3 rFkk vkWLVªfs y;k ds {ks=Qy dk 2/5 • E;kaekj ¼4½ ef.kiqj] fetksje
gSA
tula[;k dh n`f"V ls lalkj esa Hkkjr dk phu ds ckn iM+kslh ns'kksa ds e/; lhek foLrkj
• Hkkjr&ckaXykns'k lhek 4096 fdeh-
nwljk LFkku gSA • Hkkjr&phu 3439 fdeh-
fo'o dk 2.4% Hkwfe Hkkjr ds ikl gS tcfd fo'o dh • Hkkjr&ikd lhek 3310 fdeh-
yxHkx 17.5% tula[;k Hkkjr esa jgrh gSA • Hkkjr&usiky lhek 1761 fdeh-
• Hkkjr&E;kuekj lhek 1643 fdeh-
Hkkjr ds mÙkj esa usiky] HkwVku o phu] nf{k.k esa Jhyadk • Hkkjr&HkwVku lhek 587 fdeh-
,oa fgUn egklkxj] iwjc esa ckaXykns'k] E;kaekj ,oa caxky
dh [kkM+h rFkk if'pe esa ikfdLrku ,oa vjc lkxj gSA
& eq[; fcUnq &
ddZ js[kk (Tropic of Cancer) Hkkjr ds chpks&chp ls
Hkkjr dks Jhyadk ls vyx djus okyk leqnzh {ks= eUukj
xqtjrh gSA
dh [kkM+h (Gulf of Mannar) rFkk ikd tyMe:e/; Hkkjr dks ik¡p izkÑfrd Hkkxksa esa ck¡Vk tk ldrk gSA
(Palk Strait) gSA • mÙkj dk ioZrh; izn's k
izk;}hi Hkkjr dk nf{k.kre fcUnq & dU;kdqekjh gSA • mÙkj dk fo'kky eSnku
• nf{k.k dk izk;}hih; iBkj
Hkkjr dk lqnwj nf{k.kre fcUnq & bfUnjk IokbaV ¼xsV • leqnzrVh; eSnku
fudksckj esa gS½A • Fkkj e#LFky
Hkkjr dk mÙkjh vfUre fcUnq & bafnjk dkWy gSA Hkkjr dk ekud le; (Indian Standard Time) bykgkckn ds
ikl uSuh ls fy;k x;k gS] ftldk ns'kkUrj 82°30' iwohZ gSA
¼orZeku esa fetkZiqj½ ;g xzhufop ek/; le; (GMT) ls 5
ns'k dh prqfnZd lhek fcUnq ?k.Vs 30 feuV vkxs gSA
Hkkjr dh yEckbZ mÙkj ls nf{k.k rd 3214 fdeh- rFkk
• nf{k.kre fcUnq& bfUnjk IokbaV ¼xzV
s fudksckj }hi½ iwoZ ls if'peh rd 2933 fdeh- gSA
Hkkjr dh leqnzh lhek 7516-6 fdeh- yEch gS tcfd
• mÙkjh fcUnq& bfUnjk dksy ¼tEew&d'ehj½
LFkyh; lhek dh yEckbZ 15]200 fdeh- gSA Hkkjr dh
• if'peh fcUnq& jktgj dhd ¼xqtjkr½ eq[; Hkwfe dh rVjs[kk 6]100 fdeh- gSA
{ks=Qy dh n`f"V ls jktLFkku Hkkjr dk lcls cM+k jkT; gSA
• iwoZ fcUnq& okykaxw ¼v#.kkpy izn's k½ tula[;k dh n`f"V ls mÙkj izn's k ns'k dk lcls cM+k
• eq[; Hkwfe dh n-
n- lhek& dU;kdqekjh ¼rfeyukMq½ jkT; gSA
{ks=Qy dh n`f"V ls xksok Hkkjr dk lcls NksVk jkT; gSA
{tgk¡ lsysD'ku ,d ftn gS-} lehj Iyktk] eueksgu ikdZ] dVjk] ckale.Mh ds lkeus] bykgkckn (3)
Qksu ua- % 0532-3266722] 9956971111] 9235581475
DOWNLOAD MORE PDF FOR GOVERNMENT EXAM CLICK HERE >>> https://pdfexam.com/
DOWNLOAD MORE PDF FOR GOVERNMENT EXAM CLICK HERE >>> https://pdfexam.com/
'kh"kZ ik¡p {ks=Qy okys jkT; {ks=Qy dh n`f"V ls y{k}hi lcls NksVk dsUnz&'kkflr
jkT; {ks=Qy oxZ fdeh-
fdeh- izn's k gSA
• jktLFkku 3422239 tula[;k dh n`f"V ls fnYyh lcls cM+k dsUnz 'kkflr
• e/; izn's k 308245 izn's k gSA
tula[;k dh n`f"V ls y{k}hi lcls NksVk dsUnz 'kkflr
• egkjk"Vª 307713
izn's k gSA
• vkU/kz izn's k 275069
e/; izn's k Hkkjr dk lcls cM+k iBkjh jkT; gSa
• mÙkj izn's k 240928 jktLFkku Hkkjr dk lcls cM+k e#LFkyh; jkT; gSA
e/; izn's k esa ou ¼taxy½ lcls vf/kd gSA
'kh"kZ ik¡p HkkSxksfyd] {ks= okys ftys Hkkjr esa }hiksa dh dqy la[;k 248 gS caxky dh [kkM+h esa
ftyk {ks=Qy oxZ fdeh-
fdeh- 223 rFkk vjc lkxj esa 25 }hi gSAa
• dPN 45652 Hkkjr ds lcls nf{k.kh Nksj dk uke ^bfUnjk IokbaV* gS
• ysg 45110 vkSj ;g caxky dh [kkM+h esa xzVs fudksckj (Great
• tSlyesj 38428 Nicobar) }hi ij fLFkr gSA Hkkjr dk lcls mÙkjh fcUnq
bfUnjk dkWy] tEew&d'ehj esa fLFkr gSA
• ckM+esj 28387
iwohZ ?kkV dks dksje.My rV ds uke ls tkuk tkrk gSA
• chdkusj 27284 if'peh ?kkV dks ekykckj rV ds uke ls tkuk tkrk gSA
Hkkjr ds ftu jkT;ksa esa ls gksdj ddZ js[kk xqtjrh gS]
tula[;k dh n`f"V ls flfDde Hkkjr dk lcls NksVk os gS& a xqtjkr] jktLFkku] e/; izn's k] NÙkhlx<+]
jkT; gSA >kj[k.M] if'peh caxky] f=iqjk vkSj fetksjeA
{ks=Qy dh n`f"V ls v.Meku&fudksckj }hi lewg lcls Hkkjrh; ekud le; dh ns'kkarj js[kk (82°30') mÙkj izn's k]
cM+k dsUnz&'kkflr izn's k gSA e/; mÙkhlx<+] mM+hlk ,oa vkU/kzinz s'k ls xqtjrh gSA
{tgk¡ lsysD'ku ,d ftn gS-} lehj Iyktk] eueksgu ikdZ] dVjk] ckale.Mh ds lkeus] bykgkckn (4)
Qksu ua- % 0532-3266722] 9956971111] 9235581475
DOWNLOAD MORE PDF FOR GOVERNMENT EXAM CLICK HERE >>> https://pdfexam.com/
DOWNLOAD MORE PDF FOR GOVERNMENT EXAM CLICK HERE >>> https://pdfexam.com/
mÙkj izn's k dh lhek lcls vf/kd jkT;ksa (8) dks Nwrh izeq[k pSuy@tyMe:e/;
gS& mÙkjkapy] fgekpy izn's k] gfj;k.kk] jktLFkku] e/; foHkkftr LFky [k.M pSuy@[kkM+h@LVªVs
izn's k] NÙkhlx<+] >kj[k.M ,oa fcgkjA • bfUnjk IokbaV&b.Mksufs 'k;k xzV
s pSuy
Hkkjr esa lokZf/kd uxjksa okyk jkT; mÙkj izn's k gS tcfd • y?kq vaMeku&fudksckj 10° pSuy
es?kky; esa lcls de uxj gSAa • feuhdkW;&y{k}hi 9° pSuy
Hkkjr esa lokZf/kd uxjh; tula[;k okyk jkT; egkjk"Vª 8° pSuy
• ekynho&feuhdk;
gS tcfd lcls de uxjh; tula[;k flfDde esa gSA
• Hkkjr&Jhyadk eékj dh [kkM+h
Hkkjr esa dk;Z'khy O;fDr;ksa dh tula[;k 4-02 djksM+ gSA
Hkkjr esa lM+d ekxZ dh dqy yEckbZ 18]43]420 fdeh- • ikd dh [kkM+h ikd LVªVs
gSA
Hkkjr dk lcls yEck jk"Vªh; jktekxZ la[;k 7 gS tks ♦ fgeky; ioZr
cukjl ls dU;kdqekjh rd tkrk gS ¼2369 fdeh-½A fgeky; ¼fge $ vky;½ dk vFkZ gS ^fge dk ?kj*
Hkkjr esa jsyekxZ dh dqy yEckbZ 64]140 fdeh- gSA (Abode of snow)A
fr#vuUriqje ,oa dksphu ¼dsjy½ uxjksa esa ekulwu dh bldh dqy yEckbZ yxHkx 5000 fdeh- gS rFkk bldh
loZiFz ke o"kkZ gksrh gSA vkSlr Å¡pkbZ 2000 ehVj gSA bldh vkSlr pkSM+kbZ 240
fdeh- gS rFkk {ks=Qy yxHkx 5 yk[k oxZ fdeh- dk gSA
{tgk¡ lsysD'ku ,d ftn gS-} lehj Iyktk] eueksgu ikdZ] dVjk] ckale.Mh ds lkeus] bykgkckn (5)
Qksu ua- % 0532-3266722] 9956971111] 9235581475
DOWNLOAD MORE PDF FOR GOVERNMENT EXAM CLICK HERE >>> https://pdfexam.com/
DOWNLOAD MORE PDF FOR GOVERNMENT EXAM CLICK HERE >>> https://pdfexam.com/
fgeky; ioZr Js.kh dks rhu Hkkxksa esa ck¡Vk x;k gS& lriqM+k ioZr
1- egku ;k o`gr fgeky; ;k fgekfnz
fgekfnz • lriqM+k if'pe esa jktihiyk ls vkjEHk gksdj
(The Great Himalayas or The Himadri) NksVk ukxiqj ds iBkj rd foLr`r gSA
• bldh vkSlr Å¡pkbZ 6000 ehVj gSA • egknso vkSj eSdky igkfM+;k¡ Hkh bl ioZrekyk
• ;g fgeky; ioZr dh lcls mÙkjh ,oa lcls Å¡ph dk fgLlk gSAa 1350 eh- Å¡ph /kwix<+ pksVh
Js.kh gSA fgeky; ds lHkh loksZPp f'k[kj blh Js.kh bldh lcls Å¡ph pksVh gSA
esa gS]a tSl&s ,ojsLV ¼8850 eh-½] daputaxk ¼8598 if'peh ?kkV ;k lg~;kfnz
eh-½] edkyw ¼8481 eh-½] /kkSykfxjh ¼8172 eh-½] pks • bldh vkSlr Å¡pkbZ 1200 ehVj gS vkSj ;g
vksÅ ¼8153 eh-½] uaxk ioZr ¼8126 eh-½] vUuiw.kkZ ioZrekyk 1600 fdeh- yEch gSA
¼8078 eh-½] uUnk nsoh ¼7817 eh-½ vkfnA buesa • bl Js.kh esa nks ize[ q k njsZ gS&
a Fkky?kkV ¼;g
daputaxk] uaxkioZr vkSj uUnknsoh Hkkjr dh lhek ukfld dks eqEcbZ ls tksM+rk gS½ ,oa Hkksj?kkV
esa gSa vkSj 'ks"k usiky esa gSAa ¼blls eqEcbZ&dksydkrk jsyekxZ xqtjrk gS½A
• bl Js.kh esa Hkkjr ds izeq[k njsZa vofLFkr gSAa buesa • rhljk njkZ iky?kkV ¼blls rfeyukmq o dsjy
f'kidh yk vkSj ckjkykpk yk fgekpy izn's k es]a tqM+rs gS½a bl Js.kh ds nf{k.kh fgLls dks eq[;
cftZyk vkSj tksftyk d'ehj es]a uhfr yk] fyiqy[s k Js.kh ls vyx djrk gSA
vkSj Fkkx yk mÙkjkapy esa rFkk tsyis yk vkSj ukFkw iwohZ ?kkV
yk flfDde esa fLFkr gSAa • bldh vkSlr Å¡pkbZ 615 ehVj gS vkSj ;g
• ekmUV ,ojsLV&8850 V& ehVj ¼bls usiky esa lkxj Js.kh 1300 fdyksehVj yEch gSA
ekFkk o phu esa D;kseksykaxek dgrs gSAa ½ ;g nqfu;k • iwohZ ?kkV ds varxZr nf{k.k ls mÙkj dh vkSj
dh lcls Å¡ph pksVh gSA igkfM+;ksa dks ikydksM a +k] vUukeykbZ] tkoknk
• daputaxk& 8598 ehVj ¼;g Hkkjr esa fgeky; dh vkSj f'kojk; dh igkfM+;ksa ds uke ls tkuk
lcls Å¡ph pksVh gS& flfDde es½a A tkrk gSA
2- y?kq fgeky;] e/; fgeky; ;k fgekpy • bl Ük`[ a kyk dh lcls Å¡ph pksVh egsUnzfxjh
(Outer Himalayas or The Shiwaliks) ¼1501 ehVj½ gSA
• ;g fgeky; dh lcls nf{k.kh Js.kh gSA bldh uhyfxfj ;k uhys ioZr
vkSlr Å¡pkbZ 1000 eh- gSA blesa feV~Vh vkSj dadM+ • uhyfxfj dh igkfM+;k¡] if'peh ?kkV o iwohZ
ds cus Å¡ps eSnku feyrs gSa ftUgsa nqu ;k }kj dgrs ?kkV dh feyu LFkyh gSA
gSa (Dehradun, Haridwar) blds i'pkr~ Hkkjr ds
• uhyfxfj dh lcls Å¡ph pksVh nksn~nkcsV~Vk
fo'kky eSnku dh 'kq#vkr gksrh gSA
(Doddabetta) gSA
uksV& Hkkjr dh lcls Å¡ph pksVh ds&2 ¼dkjkdksje½ ;k
xkWMfou vkWfLVu gS ¼Å¡pkbZ % 8611 eh-½ tks uksV&
dkjkdksje Js.kh esa gS u fd fgeky; esAa ;g lqnwj&nf{k.k esa byk;ph dh igkfM+;k¡ gSAa
ikd&vf/kÑr d'ehj esa gS rFkk o`gr~ fgeky; bUgsa bYykeykbZ igkM+h Hkh dgrs gSAa
ds mÙkj esa fLFkr gSAa izk;}hih; Hkkjr dk lcls Å¡ph pksVh
fgeky; ds vykok mÙkj&iwoZ Hkkjr esa dqN vU; ioZr vUukbZeqMh ¼2695 ehVj½ gS tks vUukeykbZ
Jsf.k;k¡ Hkh gS&
a igkfM+;ksa esa gSA
• tLdj o yík[k Js.kh& d'ehj esa leqnzry ls Å¡pkbZ
ioZr pksVh ns'k
• iVdbZ] yq'kkbZ] xkjks] [kklh] t;fUr;k] cqe] ehtks ¼ehVj es½a
Js.kh& iwohZ jkT;ksa esAa • ekm.V ,ojsLV usiky 8]850
3- izk;}hih; ioZr • daputaxk Hkkjr 8]598
vjkoyh ioZr • edkyw usiky 8]481
• ;g jktLFkku ls ysdj fnYyh ds • /kkSykfxfj usiky 8]172
nf{k.k&if'pe rd foLr`r gSA budh dqy 8]126
• uaxk ioZr Hkkjr
yEckbZ yxHkx 880 fdeh- gSA
• véiw.kkZ usiky 8]078
• ;g fo'o dh lcls iqjkuh ioZrekyk gSA
• uUnk nsoh Hkkjr 7]817
• xq# f'k[kj 1722 ehVj budh lcls Å¡ph pksVh gSA
bl ij izfl) i;ZVu&LFky ekm.V vkcw fLFkr gSA • ukepcjok frCcr 7]756
foU/;kpy ioZ ioZr
Hkkjr ds izeq[k njsZ
• ;g ioZrekyk if'pe esa xqtjkr ls ysdj iwoZ
esa mÙkj&izn's k rd tkrh gSA djkdksje njkZ& ;g tEew&d'ehj jkT; ds yík[k {ks=
• ;g foU/;kpy] Hkkjusj] dSewj o ikjlukFk esa djkdksje Jsf.k;ksa esa fLFkr gSA bldh leqnz ry ls Å¡pkbZ
igkfM+;ksa dk lfEefyr :i gSA 5]654 ehVj gSA
• foU/;kpy ioZr gh mÙkj o nf{k.k Hkkjr dks tksftyk njkZ& ;g tEew&d'ehj jkT; ds tkldj Js.kh
Li"V :i ls vyx djrk gSA bldh vkSlr esa fLFkr gSA Jhuxj ls ysg tkus dk ekxZ blh njsZ ls
Å¡pkbZ 900 eh- gSA xqtjrk gSA bldh Å¡pkbZ 3529 ehVj gSA
{tgk¡ lsysD'ku ,d ftn gS-} lehj Iyktk] eueksgu ikdZ] dVjk] ckale.Mh ds lkeus] bykgkckn (6)
Qksu ua- % 0532-3266722] 9956971111] 9235581475
DOWNLOAD MORE PDF FOR GOVERNMENT EXAM CLICK HERE >>> https://pdfexam.com/
DOWNLOAD MORE PDF FOR GOVERNMENT EXAM CLICK HERE >>> https://pdfexam.com/
ihjikatky njkZ& ;g tEew&d'ehj jkT; ds Fkky ?kkV& ;g egkjk"Vª jkT; ds if'peh ?kkV dh
nf{k.k&if'pe esa fLFkr gSA ;g ihjikatky ds e/; 3494 Jsf .k;ksa esa fLFkr gSA bldh Å¡pkbZ 583 ehVj gSA ;gk¡ ls
ehVj Å¡pk gSA gksd j fnYyh&eq acbZ ds iz eq[k jsy o lM+d ekxZ xqt jrs
gS aA
Hkkjr dh Hkw&vkÑfrd bdkb;ka Hkksj?kkV& ;g njkZ Hkh egkjk"Vª jkT; ds if'peh ?kkV
bdkb;k¡ {ks=Qy dqy {ks=Qy dk Jsf.k;ksa esa fLFkr gSA iq.ks&csyxk¡o jsyekxZ vkSj lM+d ekxZ
¼oxZ fdeh- blh njsZ ls xqtjrs gSAa
fdeh- es½a izfr'kr
iky?kkV& ;g dsjy jkT; ds e/; iwoZ esa uhyfxfj dh
mÙkjh ioZr Jsf.k;k¡ 5]78]000 17-9 igkfM+;ksa esa fLFkr gSA bldh Å¡pkbZ 305 ehVj gSA
fo'kky eSnku 5]50]000 17-7 dkyhdV&f=pwj ls dks;ca Vwj&bankSj ds jsy o lM+d ekxZ
Fkkj e#LFky 1]75]000 5-4 blh njsZ ls gksdj xqtjrs gSAa
e/;orhZ mPp Hkwfe 3]36]000 10-4
izk;}hih; iBkj 12]41]000 38-5 iBkj
rVh; eSnku 3]35]000 10-4 izk;}hih; iBkj
}hih; lewg 8]300 0-3 e/;orhZ mPp Hkwfe nDdu dk iBkj
• vjkoyh Js.kh • lriqM+k Js.kh
ckfugky njkZ& ;g tEew&d'ehj jkT; ds nf{k.k&if'pe esa
ihjikatky Jsf.k;ksa esa fLFkr gSA bldh Å¡pkbZ 2882 ehVj gSA • iwohZ jktLFkku dh • egkjk"Vª dk iBkj
tEew ls Jhuxj dk ekxZ blh njsZ ls xqtjrk gSA mPp Hkwfe
f'idhyk njkZ& ;g njkZ fgekpy izn's k jkT; ds tkLdj • ekyok dk iBkj • egkunh csflu
Js.kh esa fLFkr gSA bl njsZ ls gksdj f'keyk ls frCcr tkus • cqUnsy[k.M dk iBkj • mM+hlk mPp Hkwfe
dk ekxZ gSA
• foU/;kyp&c?ksy[k.M • n.M dkj.;
jksgrkax njk& fgekpy izn's k esa ihjikatky Jsf.k;ksa esa iBkj
;g njkZ fLFkr gSA bldh Å¡pkbZ 4631 ehVj gSA
• NksVk ukxiqj iBkj • rsyx
a kuk ¼vkU/kz½ iBkj
ckM+kykpk njkZ& ;g fgekpy izn's k esa tkldj Js.kh esa
fLFkr gSA bldh Å¡pkbZ 4512 ehVj gSA eaMh ls ysg tkus • es?kky; dk iBkj • rfeyukMq iBkj
okyk ekxZ blh njsZ ls gksdj xqtjrk gSA • if'peh ?kkV
ekuk njkZ& ;g mÙkjk[k.M ds dqek;wa Js.kh esa fLFkr gSA • iwohZ ?kkV
bl njsZ ls gksdj Hkkjrh; rhFkZ;k=h ekuljksoj >hy vkSj
dSyk'k ioZr ds n'kZu gsrq tkrs gSAa ;g Hkw&Hkkx mÙkj esa xaxk&lrqyt eSnku ls rFkk 'ks"k
rhuksa fn'kkvksa esa leqnz ls f?kjk gSA
uhfr njkZ& ;g njkZ Hkh mÙkjk[k.M ds dqek;wa Js.kh esa
Hkz'a k ?kkVh esa cgus okyh ueZnk bl iBkj dks eq[; :i
fLFkr gSA ;g 5389 ehVj Å¡pk gSA ;gk¡ ls Hkh ekuljksoj ls nks Hkkxksa esa ck¡V nsrh gS& mÙkj esa ekyok dk iBkj
>hy o dSyk'k ?kkVh tkus dk jkLrk [kqyrk gSA rFkk nf{k.k esa nDdu dk iBkjA
ukFkqyk njkZ& ;g flfDde jkT; esa MksxDs ;k Js.kh esa nDdu dk iBkj fØVsf'k;l&bvksfluk ;qx (Cretaceous-
fLFkr gSA Hkkjr ,oa phu ds chp ;q) esa ;g vius lkefjd Eocene Era) esa ykok fudyus ls fufeZr gSA
egRo ds dkj.k vf/kd ppkZ esa jgkA ;gk¡ ls nkftZfyax vkSj csrok] ikoZrh] dkyh fla/k] ekgh vkfn ufn;k¡ ekyok ds
pqca h ?kkVh gksdj frCcr tkus dk ekxZ gSA iBkj ls gksdj cgrh gSAa
ekyok iBkj ds nf{k.k esa foU/; iBkj fLFkr gSA
tsyis yk njkZ& ;g njkZ Hkh flfDde jkT; esa gSA HkwVku
tkus okyk ekxZ blh njZ ls gksdj xqtjrk gSa cqna ys [k.M iBkj ekyok iBkj ds mÙkj o mÙkj&iwoZ esa fLFkr gSA
buds iwoZ esa NksVk ukxiq j dk iBkj gS ftldk lcls
cksefMyk njkZ& ;g v#.kkpy izn's k ds mÙkj&if'peh cM+k Hkkx jkaph dk iBkj gSA ;gk¡ [kfutksa dh Hkjekj
Hkkx esa fLFkr gSA cksefMyk ls rokax gksdj frCcr tkus dk gSA
ekxZ gSA nDdu dk iBkj Hkkjr esa lcls cM+k iBkj gSA blds
;kaX;ki njkZ& v#.kkpy izn's k ds mÙkj&iwoZ esa fLFkr varxZr egkjk"Vª] e/; izn's k] xqtjkr] dukZVd vkSj vkU/kz
bl njsZ ds ikl ls gh czãiq= unh xqtjrh gSA ;gk¡ ls phu izn's k jkT;ksa ds Hkw&Hkkx vkrs gSAa
ds fy, Hkh ekxZ [kqyrk gSA xksnkojh unh bls nks Hkkxksa esa foHkDr dj nsrh gS&
fnQw njkZ& v#.kkpy izn's k ds iwoZ esa Hkkjr&E;kaekj rsyx a kuk iBkj o dukZVd iBkjA
lhek ij ;g njkZ fLFkr gSA bldh mÙkjh lhek rkIrh unh cukrh gSA
{tgk¡ lsysD'ku ,d ftn gS-} lehj Iyktk] eueksgu ikdZ] dVjk] ckale.Mh ds lkeus] bykgkckn (7)
Qksu ua- % 0532-3266722] 9956971111] 9235581475
DOWNLOAD MORE PDF FOR GOVERNMENT EXAM CLICK HERE >>> https://pdfexam.com/
DOWNLOAD MORE PDF FOR GOVERNMENT EXAM CLICK HERE >>> https://pdfexam.com/
eSnku
Hkkjr dk fo'kky eSnku fo'o ds lcls vf/kd mitkÅ
o ?kuh vkcknh okys Hkw&Hkkxksa esa ls ,d gSA
bl fo'kky eSnku dk fuekZ.k ufn;ksa }kjk cgkdj yk;s
x;s fu{ksiksa ls gqvk gSA
bldh eksVkbZ xaxk ds eSnku esa lcls T;knk o if'pe esa
lcls de gSA
bldh if'peh lhek jktLFkku e#Hkwfe esa foyhu gks
x;h gSA
dsjy esa bu eSnkuksa esa leqnzh ty Hkj tkrk gS vkSj ;s ySxwu
cu tkrs gSaA ;gk¡ bUgsa d;ky (Kayals or Backwaters) dgk
tkrk gSA buesa lcls cM+k ySxwu oSEckun >hy (Vembanad
Lake) gSA tks dsjy esa fLFkr gSA
{tgk¡ lsysD'ku ,d ftn gS-} lehj Iyktk] eueksgu ikdZ] dVjk] ckale.Mh ds lkeus] bykgkckn (8)
Qksu ua- % 0532-3266722] 9956971111] 9235581475
DOWNLOAD MORE PDF FOR GOVERNMENT EXAM CLICK HERE >>> https://pdfexam.com/
DOWNLOAD MORE PDF FOR GOVERNMENT EXAM CLICK HERE >>> https://pdfexam.com/
feV~Vh dh fo'ks"krk vkSj <ky ds vk/kkj ij bUgsa izeq[k • ckaxj izn's k& ;g ufn;ksa }kjk ykbZ x;h iqjkuh
rkSj ij pkj Hkkxksa esa ck¡Vk x;k gS& tyks<+ feV~Vh ls fufeZr gksrk gSA blesa dadM+ Hkh
• HkkHkj izn's k& fgeky;h ufn;ksa }kjk ioZrh; {ks=ksa ls ik;s tkrs gSa tks dSfY'k;e ls cus gksrs gSAa
VwVdj fxjs iRFkjks& a dadM+ksa dks ykus ls cuk eSnku • [kknj izn's k& ;g izR;sd o"kZ ufn;ksa }kjk ykbZ
HkkHkj dgykrk gSA blesa ikuh /kjkry ij ugha feV~Vh ls fufeZr gksrk gSA bldh moZjk 'kfDr lcls
Bgjrk gSA T;knk gksrh gSA
• rjkbZ iz n s'k& HkkHkj ls uhps rjkbZ iz ns 'k QS yk
jgrk gSA ;g fuEu lery eS nku gS ] tgk¡
Hkkjr ds }hi
ufn;ksa dk ikuh b/kj&m/kj nynyh {ks=ksa dk Hkkjr esa lcls yach rV js[kk (Coast line) xqtjkr jkT;
fuekZ.k djrk gSA dh] fQj vkU/kz izn's k jkT; dh vkSj fQj egkjk"Vª jkT;
dh gSA
gSujs&dSujs }hi
ukjdksMa e }hi
Hkrdy Jh gfjdksVk }hi
cSju }hi
vxkrh}hi
dokjÙkh
iEcu }hi
fefudk;
dPpkfrcw }hi
bfUnjk ikWbUV
Hkkjrh; lhek esa fuEufyf[kr }hi 'kkfey gS& a xzVs fudksckj lcls nf{k.k esa fLFkr gS vkSj
v.Meku vkSj fudksckj }hi lewg b.Mksufs 'k;k ds lqek=k }hi ls dsoy 147
;g }hi lewg caxky dh [kkM+h esa fLFkr gSA fdeh- nwj gSa
v.Meku lewg esa 204 }hi gS] ftuesa e/; csju (Barren) ,oa ukjdksUMe (Narcondam)
v.Meku (Middle Andaman) lcls cM+k gSA Tokykeq[kh; }hi gSa tks vaMeku fudksckj }hi
;g fo'okl fd;k tkrk gS fd ;s }hi lewg ns'k lewg esa fLFkr gSA
ds mÙkj&iwoZ esa fLFkr ioZr Ük`a[kyk dk foLrkj gSA Madu iSlt s (Duncan Passage) nf{k.k
mÙkj v.Meku esa fLFkr dSM a y ihd (Sadale v.Meku ,oa fyfVy v.Meku ds chp gSA
Peak) lcls Å¡ph ¼737 ehVj½ pksVh gSA 10 fMxzh pSuy fyfVy v.Meku ,oa dkj
fudksckj lewg esa 19 }hi gSa ftuesa xzV s fudksckj ds chp gSA ;g v.Meku dks fudksckj
fudksckj lcls cM+k gSA ls vyx djrk gSA
{tgk¡ lsysD'ku ,d ftn gS-} lehj Iyktk] eueksgu ikdZ] dVjk] ckale.Mh ds lkeus] bykgkckn (9)
Qksu ua- % 0532-3266722] 9956971111] 9235581475
DOWNLOAD MORE PDF FOR GOVERNMENT EXAM CLICK HERE >>> https://pdfexam.com/
DOWNLOAD MORE PDF FOR GOVERNMENT EXAM CLICK HERE >>> https://pdfexam.com/
y{;}hi lewg /kzqoh; {ks=ksa ds ckgj Hkhrj esa ¼dkjkdksje rFkk fgeky;
;s }hi vjc lkxj esa fLFkr gSA Jsf.k;ks½a fo'o ds lcls cM+s Xysf'k;j feyrs gSAa
bl lewg esa 25 }hi gSA a ;s lHkh ew¡xs ds }hi dkjkdksje Js.kh ds dqN eq[; Xysf'k;j fuEu gS& a
(Coral Islands) gSa ,oa izoky fHkfÙk;ksa (Coral • fl;kfpu ¼fo'o esa lcls cM+k½& 72 oxZ fdyksehVj
Reefs) esa f?kjs gSAa ¼{ks=Qy½A
• QsMfpudks (Fedchenko)
buesa rhu }hi eq[; gS& a y{k}hi ¼mÙkj es½a ]
feuhdkW; ¼nf{k.k es½a ] dkokjÙkh ¼e/; es½a A • fgLij (Hispar)
• fc;kQks (Biafo)
9 fMxzh pSuy dkokjÙkh dks feuhdkW; ls vyx
djrh gSA • cyrksjks (Baltoro)
8 fMxzh pSuy feuhdkW; }hi ¼Hkkjr½ dks Hkkjr % unh iz.kkyh
ekynho ls vyx djrk gSA
Hkkjr esa ufn;ksa dks eq[; :i ls nks Hkkxksa esa foHkDr
fgeun (Glacier) fd;k tk ldrk gS&
• fgeky;h; ufn;k¡ ,oa
fgeun (Glacier) ,d cQZ lagfr gS tks mPp LFky ls
fuEu LFky dh vksj /khjs&/khjs f[kldrh jgrh gSA • izk;}hih; ufn;k¡
{tgk¡ lsysD'ku ,d ftn gS-} lehj Iyktk] eueksgu ikdZ] dVjk] ckale.Mh ds lkeus] bykgkckn (10)
Qksu ua- % 0532-3266722] 9956971111] 9235581475
DOWNLOAD MORE PDF FOR GOVERNMENT EXAM CLICK HERE >>> https://pdfexam.com/
DOWNLOAD MORE PDF FOR GOVERNMENT EXAM CLICK HERE >>> https://pdfexam.com/
• bl unh dh yackbZ 2880 fdeh- gS] tcfd Hkkjr esa uke mn~xe LFky laxe@ yaEckbZ
bldh yackbZ 709 fdeh- gSA ;g varr% ikfdLrku eqgkuk fdeh--
fdeh
ls gksdj vjc lkxj esa foyhu gks tkrh gSA ;equk cUnjiw¡N ds if'peh <ky xaxk unh 1375
• fla/kq unh ds lkFk cgus okyh lgk;d ufn;ksa esa ij fLFkr ;equks=h esa fgekuh ¼bykgkckn½
tEew&d'ehj dh ufn;k¡ gS&a xjrkax] ';ksd] f'kxkj] pEcy e/;izn's k esa egw ds lehi ;equk unh 1050
uqczk] fxyfxrA fLFkr tukiko igkM+h
?kk?kjk eRlkrqxa fgekuh xaxk unh 1080
• ckdh ufn;k¡ o mn~xe LFky bl izdkj gS& a x.Md usiky xaxk unh 425
dkslh xkslkbZ /kke pksVh ds xaxk unh 730
uke mn~xe LFky laxe@ yaEckbZ mÙkj esa
eqgkuk fdeh-
fdeh- csrok foU/;kpy ioZr ;equk unh 480
lryt ekuljksoj >hy ds lehi fpukc unh 1050 lksu vejd.Vd dh igkfM+;k¡ xaxk unh 780
fLFkr jkdl rky • ;equk] xaxk dh lcls cM+h lgk;d unh gSA pacy]
jkoh dkaxM+k ftys esa jksgrkax fpukc unh 720 fla/k] csrck vkSj dsu bldh Lo;a dh lgk;d
njsZ ds lehi ufn;k¡ gSAa
O;kl jksgrkax njsZ ds lehi ry lryt unh 770 • gqxyh unh ¼dksydrk es½a xaxk dh ,d izeq[k
>sye cjsukx ¼d'ehj½ ds lehi fpukc unh 725 forfjdk (Distributary) gSA
• xaxk dks ckaXykns'k esa in~ek ds uke ls tkuk tkrk gSA
'ks"kukx >hy in~ek] czãiq= ¼ftldk caXykns'k esa uke&tequk gS½ ls
fpukc ckjkykpk njkZ flU/kq unh 1800 fey tkrh gS vkSj caxky dh [kkM+h esa fxj tkrh gSA
¼ykgksy&LQhfr½ xaxk o czãiq= ckaXykns'k esa fo'o dk lcls cM+k MsYVk]
lqUnjou MsYVk dk fuekZ.k djrh gSA
iatkc&gfj;k.kk dk eSnku& bl eSnku dk fuekZ.k
• caxky dh [kkM+h esa fxjus ls igys in~ek esa ls es?kuk
lryt] jkoh vkSj O;kl ufn;ksa }kjk gqvk gSA bldh vkSlr
Å¡pkbZ 250 ehVj gSA ;g eSnku eq[;r% ckaxM+ ls fufeZr gSA (Meghna) uked ,d izeq[k forfjdk fudyrh gSA
bl eSnku esa ufn;ksa ds fdukjs ck<+ ls izHkkfor ,d ladjh 3- czãiq= unh ra=
isVh ikbZ tkrh gSA ftls csV dgk tkrk gSA nks ufn;ksa ds • ;g 2900 fdeh- yach unh ekuljksoj >hy ds ikl
chp dh Hkwfe dks nksvkc dgk tkrk gSA fLFkr phek;qx a nqx
a fgekuh ls fudyrh gSA
1- fo"V nksvkc % O;kl ,oa lryt ds chp • frCcr ¼phu½ esa bldk uke lkaXiks (Tsang po) ,oa
2- ckjh nksvkc % O;kl ,oa jkoh ds chp Hkkjr eas izo's k djus ij v:.kkpy izn's k esa fngkax
3- jpuk nksvkc % jkoh ,oa psuko ds chp (Dihang) gSA
4- pkt nksvkc % psukc ,oa >sye ds chp • vle esa bls czãiq= dgk tkrk gS vkSj ckaXykns'k esa
5- fla/k lkxj nksvkc % >sye] psukc ,oa fla/kq ds chp
uksV % tequk dgk tkrk gSA
lryt unh frCcr ds ukjh [kksjlu (Nari • bldh lgk;d ufn;k¡ lqculsjh] dkesx a ] /kulhjh]
Khorsan) izkar esa ,d vlk/kkj.k dSfu;u dk fuekZ.k ekul] rhLrk vkfn gSAa
djrh gS tks dksykajkMks unh ¼vesfjdk½ ds xzkM a • xaxk o czãiq= fo'odk lcls cM+k MsYVk ¼lqUnjou½
dSu;u (Grand Canyon) ds leku gSA cukrh gSAa
lu~ 1960 bzZ- esa Hkkjr vkSj ikfdLrku ds chp gqbZ
uksV&
fla/kq ty laf/k ds vuqlkj] Hkkjr fla/kq] >sye vkSj ;g /;ku nsus ;ksX; ckr gS fd Hkkjr esa cgus ds
fpukc ufn;ksa dk dsoy 20% ty gh mi;ksx esa
yk ldrk gSA vuqlj lcls yEch unh xaxk gS vkSj Hkkjr esa
• >sye dk laLÑr uke forLrk gS] fpukc dk izokfgr gksus okyh ufn;ksa dh dqy yackbZ ds vk/kkj
vfLduh vFkok panzHkkxk] jkoh dk iq:".kh vFkok ij czãiq= lcls yach unh gSA
bjkorh] O;kl dk foiklk vFkok vfxZfd;k czãiq= Hkkjr dh lcls cM+h unh (Largest river of
rFkklryt dk 'krqUnzhA India) ¼ty dh ek=k ds fglkc ls½ gSA
{tgk¡ lsysD'ku ,d ftn gS-} lehj Iyktk] eueksgu ikdZ] dVjk] ckale.Mh ds lkeus] bykgkckn (11)
Qksu ua- % 0532-3266722] 9956971111] 9235581475
DOWNLOAD MORE PDF FOR GOVERNMENT EXAM CLICK HERE >>> https://pdfexam.com/
DOWNLOAD MORE PDF FOR GOVERNMENT EXAM CLICK HERE >>> https://pdfexam.com/
{tgk¡ lsysD'ku ,d ftn gS-} lehj Iyktk] eueksgu ikdZ] dVjk] ckale.Mh ds lkeus] bykgkckn (12)
Qksu ua- % 0532-3266722] 9956971111] 9235581475
DOWNLOAD MORE PDF FOR GOVERNMENT EXAM CLICK HERE >>> https://pdfexam.com/
DOWNLOAD MORE PDF FOR GOVERNMENT EXAM CLICK HERE >>> https://pdfexam.com/
{tgk¡ lsysD'ku ,d ftn gS-} lehj Iyktk] eueksgu ikdZ] dVjk] ckale.Mh ds lkeus] bykgkckn (14)
Qksu ua- % 0532-3266722] 9956971111] 9235581475
DOWNLOAD MORE PDF FOR GOVERNMENT EXAM CLICK HERE >>> https://pdfexam.com/
DOWNLOAD MORE PDF FOR GOVERNMENT EXAM CLICK HERE >>> https://pdfexam.com/
{tgk¡ lsysD'ku ,d ftn gS-} lehj Iyktk] eueksgu ikdZ] dVjk] ckale.Mh ds lkeus] bykgkckn (15)
Qksu ua- % 0532-3266722] 9956971111] 9235581475
DOWNLOAD MORE PDF FOR GOVERNMENT EXAM CLICK HERE >>> https://pdfexam.com/
DOWNLOAD MORE PDF FOR GOVERNMENT EXAM CLICK HERE >>> https://pdfexam.com/
d'kjn _rqd Hkkjr ds eSnkuksa esa de ncko dk {ks= bruk izcy ugha jgrk
'kjn _rq m".k cjlkrh ekSl e ls 'kq"d o 'khr fd og ekulwuh iouksa dks vkdf"kZr dj ldsAa
ekSl e ds e/; laØe.k dk dky gS A 'kjn _rq dk flracj e/; rd ekulwuh iousa iatkc rd o"kkZ djrh
vkjaHk flracj e/; esa gksrk gSA ;g og le; gS tc gSAa e/; vDVwcj rd e/; Hkkjr esa o uoacj ds
nf{k.k&if'pe ekulwu ykS Vrk gS & ykS Vrs ekulwu ds vkjfEHkd lIrkgksa esa nf{k.k Hkkjr rd ekulwuh iousa o"kkZ
nkS jku rkieku o vknzZ rk vf/kd gksrh gS ftls dj ikrh gSa vkSj bl izdkj Hkkjrh; miegk}hi ls
^^vDVwc j ghV** dgrs gS aA ekulwu ds ykSVus ij ekulwu dh fonkbZ uoacj var rd gks tkrh gSA ;g
izk jaHk esa rkieku c<+rk gS ijarq mlds mijkar fonkbZ pj.kc) gksrh gS blhfy, bls ^^ykSVrrkk
rkieku de gksus yxrk gSA nf{k.k&if'pe ekulwu** dgrs gSAa
rkieku esa deh dk dkj.k ;g gS fd bl vof/k esa lw;Z dh 'kjn _rq esa caxky dh [kkM+h ls pØokr mBrs gSa tks
fdj.ksa ddZ js[kk ls Hkwe/; js[kk dh vksj xeu dj tkrh gSa Hkkjr o ckaXykns'k esa Hk;adj rckgh epkrs gSAa pØokrksa
o flracj esa lh/kh Hkwe/; js[kk ij iM+rh gSAa lkFk gh mÙkj ds dkj.k iwohZ rVksa ij Hkkjh o"kkZ gksrh gSA
{tgk¡ lsysD'ku ,d ftn gS-} lehj Iyktk] eueksgu ikdZ] dVjk] ckale.Mh ds lkeus] bykgkckn (16)
Qksu ua- % 0532-3266722] 9956971111] 9235581475
DOWNLOAD MORE PDF FOR GOVERNMENT EXAM CLICK HERE >>> https://pdfexam.com/
DOWNLOAD MORE PDF FOR GOVERNMENT EXAM CLICK HERE >>> https://pdfexam.com/
T.I. Highlights (ii) Qwyksa okyh ckSNkj % bl o"kkZ ls dsjy o fudVorhZ dgok
mRiknd {ks=ksa esa dgok ds Qwy f[kyus yxrs gSAa
xzh"e _rq esa ekulwu iwoZ dh o"kkZ izkIr gksrh gS tks (iii) dky cSlk[kh % vle vkS j if'pe caxky esa cS lk[k
Hkkjr ds vkSlr okf"kZd o"kkZ dk yxHkx 10 izfr'kr gksrh gSA ds eghus esa 'kke dks pyus okyh ;s Hk;ad j o
fofHkUu Hkkxksa esa bl o"kkZ ds vyx&vyx LFkkuh; uke gSAa fouk'kdkjh o"kkZ ;q Dr iousa gSaA budh dq [ ;kr izÑfr
;Fkk& dk vanktk buds LFkkuh; uke dky cS lk[kh ls
(i) vkez o"kkZ (Mango shower) : xz h "e _rq ds [kRe yxk;k tk ldrk gSA ftldk vFkZ gS & cSlk[k ds
gksrs&gksrs iwoZ ekulwu ckSNkjsa iM+rh gSa] tks dsjy esa eghus esa vkus okyh rckghA pk;] iVlu o pkoy
ds fy, ;s ious vPNh gS aA vle esa bu rwQkuksa dks
;g ,d vke ckr gSA LFkkuh; rkS j ij bl rwQkuh ^ckjnksyh NhM+k * vFkok ^pk; o"kkZ * (Tea Shower)
o"kkZ dks vkez o"kkZ dgk tkrk gS] D;ksafd ;g vkeksa dgk tkrk gSA
dks tYnh idus esa lgk;rk nsrh gSa dukZVd esa bls (iv) yw % mÙkjh eSnku esa iatkc ls fcgkj rd pyus okyh ;s
dkWQh o"kkZ (Coffee shower) ,oa psjh CykWl e dgkk 'kq"d] xeZ o ihM+knk;d iousa gSAa fnYyh vkSj iVuk ds
tkrk gS A chp budh rhozrk vf/kd gksrh gSA
Hkkjr % izkÑfrd ouLifr
Hkkjr esa fuEufyf[kr izdkj ds ou ik;s tkrs gS&
a
{tgk¡ lsysD'ku ,d ftn gS-} lehj Iyktk] eueksgu ikdZ] dVjk] ckale.Mh ds lkeus] bykgkckn (17)
Qksu ua- % 0532-3266722] 9956971111] 9235581475
DOWNLOAD MORE PDF FOR GOVERNMENT EXAM CLICK HERE >>> https://pdfexam.com/
DOWNLOAD MORE PDF FOR GOVERNMENT EXAM CLICK HERE >>> https://pdfexam.com/
e#LFkyh; ouLifr okf"kZd o"kkZ 10&50 ls- jktLFkku ds if'peh >kfM+;k¡ nwj&nwj QSys dSdVl] dk¡Vns kj
HkkxA jgrs gSAa >kfM+;k¡ vkfnA
fgeky; ouLifr o"kkZ 75 lseh- ls 125 fgeky; ds igkM+h Å¡pkbZ ds lkFk pkSM+s iÙks vkSj dks.kh;
lseh- ds chp {ks=] tEew vkSj d'ehj] ouLifr esa ifjorZu vkdkj ds o`{k eq[;
fgekpy izn's k] gksrk gSA ouLifr gSAa
flfDde] v#.kkpy tSl& s ikbu] vksd]
izn's kA phM+] nsonkj] Cyw
ikbu] flYoj Qj
vkfn ¼if'pe fgeky;
es½a vkSj vksd] ykWjy s
vkSj psLVuV ¼iwohZ
fgeky; {ks= esa½A
nynyh xjku vkSlru 40 ls 200 dqN LFkkuksa ij cgqr Tokj ds dkj.k [kkjk lqUnjh] ukfj;y]
(Mangrove) ouLifr lseh- o"kkZ okys {ks= ?kuk&if'peh ?kkV] ikuh LoPN ikuh ls ikbu] dsoM+k] csar] Øw
xaxk] egkunh] Ñ".kk] fupys rVh; {ks= esa vkfn
dkosjh vkSj xksnkojh feydj ,sls ouLifr
MsYVkA lUnjou lcls ds mitus esa enn
mi;qZDr mnkgj.kA djrs gSa ftuesa
voLrEHk tM+sa (Stilt
Root) vkSj tks vla[;
vkjksgh yrk;sa ;qDr
gksrh gSAa
miks".k vknzZ igkM+h o"kkZ 150&300 ls- eh- iwohZ fgeky; esa 900 dks.k/kkjh o`{k vkSj ikbu vkSj vksd
ou ds chp eh- ls Åij vkSj i`Fkqi.khZ o`{k dk fefJr
if'peh fgeky; okys ou
{ks=A
'khrks".k ou 1830 eh- ls vf/kd lnkcgkj dks.k/kkjh nsonkj] Hkkjrh;
Å¡pkbZ ij iwohZ ou psLVuV] eSxuksfy;k]
fgeky; esa vkSj 1500 Cyw ikbu] vksd
a vkSj
eh- ls vf/kd Å¡pkbZ gseykWdA
ij if'peh fgeky;
okys {ks= esAa
vYikbu ou iwohZ fgeky; esa 3650 ikS/ks brus NksVs vkSj Lizwl] Qj] opZ]
eh- Å¡pkbZ rd ,d nwljs ls brus lVs twfuij vkSj
gq, gksrs gSa fd os jksMksMUs MªkWuA vYikbu
eqyk;e dkyhu dh ouLifr vkSj ?kkl dh
rg yxkrs gSAa ouLifr ds Åij
iFkjhys Hkkx esa feyrs
gSa tgk¡ dqN dkbZ vkSj
dqN tM+h cwfV;k¡
feyrh gS tc rd fd
LFkk;h fge js[kk ugha
igq¡p tkrh gSA
{tgk¡ lsysD'ku ,d ftn gS-} lehj Iyktk] eueksgu ikdZ] dVjk] ckale.Mh ds lkeus] bykgkckn (18)
Qksu ua- % 0532-3266722] 9956971111] 9235581475
DOWNLOAD MORE PDF FOR GOVERNMENT EXAM CLICK HERE >>> https://pdfexam.com/
DOWNLOAD MORE PDF FOR GOVERNMENT EXAM CLICK HERE >>> https://pdfexam.com/
{tgk¡ lsysD'ku ,d ftn gS-} lehj Iyktk] eueksgu ikdZ] dVjk] ckale.Mh ds lkeus] bykgkckn (19)
Qksu ua- % 0532-3266722] 9956971111] 9235581475
DOWNLOAD MORE PDF FOR GOVERNMENT EXAM CLICK HERE >>> https://pdfexam.com/
DOWNLOAD MORE PDF FOR GOVERNMENT EXAM CLICK HERE >>> https://pdfexam.com/
Hkkjr % fefV~V;k¡ tkrh gSA ble rFkk if'pe caxky ds mÙkjh Hkkx esa
Hkkjr esa eq[; :i ls vkB izdkj dh fefV~V;k¡ ik;h Hkh ;g feV~Vh ik;h tkrh gSA bldh iz/kku mit
tkrh gS& a pk;] dkWQh vkfn gSA
1- tyks<+ feV~Vh Vh (Alluvial Soil)– 5- e#LFkyh; feV~Vh (Desert Soil)–
• vjkoyh Js.kh ds if'peh esa tyok;q dh 'kq"drk rFkk
• mÙkj Hkkjr ds fo'kky eSnkuksa esa ;g feV~Vh ufn;ksa
}kjk ykdj tek dh x;h gS rFkk leqnzh rVksa ij Hkh"k.k rki ds dkj.k uaxh pV~Vkus fo[kf.Mr gksdj ;s
leqnzh ygjksa }kjkA ;g feV~Vh nks mioxksZa esa c¡Vh feV~Vh cukrh gSAa ;g feV~Vh jktLFkku rFkk gfj;k.kk
gqbZ gS& u;h feV~Vh ¼[kknj½ ,oa iqjkuh tyks<+ ds nf{k.k&if'peh Hkkx esa ik;h tkrh gSAa blesa flapkbZ
feV~Vh ¼ckaxj½A /kku] xsgw¡] nygu] frygu] xUuk dh miyC/krk ds }kjk Ñf"k dk;Z lEHko gSA
,oa twV dh [ksrh ds fy, ;g feV~Vh cgqr mi;qDr 6- ou ,oa ioZrh; feV~Vh (Forests and Mountain Soil)–
• bl izdkj dh feV~Vh vf/kdka'kr% ouksa ,oa ioZrh;
gSA ;g 46-2 izfr'kr {ks= esa gSA
2- dkyh feV~Vh (Black Soil or Regur Soil)– {ks=ksa esa feyrh gSA ;s fefV~V;k¡ mu {ks=ksa dks ?ksjrh
• ;g feV~Vh eq[;r% nDdu ds ykok {ks= esa ikbZ
gS]a tgk¡ ;k rks ioZrh; <ky gks ;k oU; {ks=ksa esa
tkrh gSA bl feV~Vh dk jax xgjk dkyk gksrk gS ?kkfV;k¡ gksAa blesa tSfod inkFkksZa rFkk ukbVªkt
s u dh
D;ksfa d blesa yksgk] ,Y;wehfu;e vkSj eSXuhf'k;e vf/kdrk gksrh gSA
• ;g fgeky; ds ioZrh; Hkkxksa rfeyukMq] dukZVd]
yo.k dh ek=k vf/kd gksrh gSA bl feV~Vh ds d.k
?kus gksrs gSa ftlds dkj.k ueh /kkj.k djus dh ef.kiqj] vkfn txgksa ij feyrh gSA
{kerk vf/kd gksrh gSA bldk {ks= egkjk"Vª] xqtjkr] 7- yo.kh; ,oa {kkjh; feV~Vh (Saline and Alkaline Soils)–
• ;s vuqoZj ,oa vuqRiknd jsg] Ålj ,oa dYyj ds
e/; izn's k] dukZVd vkSj vkU/kz izn's k esa QSyk gqvk
gSA ;g feV~Vh dikl dh Qly ds fy, vPNh :i esa Hkh tkuh tkrh gSA ;s fefV~V;k¡ vius esa
gksrh gSA lksfM;e] dSfY'k;e] eSXuhf'k;e lekfgr djrh gSAa
• mÙkjh Hkkjr ds lw[ks ,oa v)Z lw[ks {ks=ks]a ;Fkk&
3- yky feV~Vh (Red Soil)–
• bldk fuekZ.k Losnkj vkXus; 'kSy tSls xzu s kbV rFkk iatkc] mÙkj izn's k] gfj;k.kk] jktLFkku rFkk fcgkj
ful ds fo[k.Mu ls gqvk gSA dgha&dgha bldk jax ds dqN fgLlksa esa bl feV~Vh dk foLrkj gSA
ihyk] Hkwjk] pkWdysVh vkSj dkyk Hkh ik;k tkrk gSA 8- ihV ,oa tSfod feV~Vh (Prary and Marshy Soils)–
• mPp ?kqyu'khy yo.k ,oa tSfod inkFkksZa ls ;qDr
jax dh fofHkUurk dk dkj.k yksgs ds va'k dh
fofHkUurk gSA eq[; :i ls ;g feV~Vh nf{k.kh Hkkjr ihV feV~Vh dsjy ds vyIih o dksêk;e ftys]
esa feyrh gSA bl feV~Vh dh iz/kku mit fcgkj ds iwoksZRrj Hkkx] rfeyukMq] mÙkj izn's k rFkk
Tokj&cktjk] nygu] rEckdw vkfn gSA if'pe caxky ds dqN {ks=ksa esa feyrh gSA
4- ySVsjkbV feV~Vh (Laterite Soil)–
'kh"kZ ik¡p yo.kh; e`nk okys jkT;
• bldk fuekZ.k ekulwuh tyok;q ds fo'ks"k
jkT; {ks=Qy yk[k gsDVs;j
y{k.k&vknzZ ,oa 'kq"d ekSle ds Øfed ifjorZu ds
dkj.k fu{kkyu dh izfØ;k (leaching away) }kjk • xqtjkr 12-16
gksrk gSA blesa flfydk dh deh gksrh gSA blesa 8-20
• i- caxky
yksgk rFkk ,sY;qehfu;e vf/kd gksrk gSA Å¡pkbZ okys
• vkU/kz izn's k 5-88
{ks=ksa esa feyus okyh ySVsjkbV fuEu {ks= esa ikbZ tkus
okyh ySVsjkbV dh rqyuk esa T;knk vEyh; gksrh gSA • gfj;k.kk 5-00
;g feV~Vh >kj[k.M ds jktegy] iwohZ vkSj if'peh
• rfeyukMq 4-70
?kkVksa ds {ks=ksa ,oa es?kky; ds igkM+h {ks=ksa esa ik;h
{tgk¡ lsysD'ku ,d ftn gS-} lehj Iyktk] eueksgu ikdZ] dVjk] ckale.Mh ds lkeus] bykgkckn (20)
Qksu ua- % 0532-3266722] 9956971111] 9235581475
DOWNLOAD MORE PDF FOR GOVERNMENT EXAM CLICK HERE >>> https://pdfexam.com/
DOWNLOAD MORE PDF FOR GOVERNMENT EXAM CLICK HERE >>> https://pdfexam.com/
{tgk¡ lsysD'ku ,d ftn gS-} lehj Iyktk] eueksgu ikdZ] dVjk] ckale.Mh ds lkeus] bykgkckn (21)
Qksu ua- % 0532-3266722] 9956971111] 9235581475
DOWNLOAD MORE PDF FOR GOVERNMENT EXAM CLICK HERE >>> https://pdfexam.com/
DOWNLOAD MORE PDF FOR GOVERNMENT EXAM CLICK HERE >>> https://pdfexam.com/
{tgk¡ lsysD'ku ,d ftn gS-} lehj Iyktk] eueksgu ikdZ] dVjk] ckale.Mh ds lkeus] bykgkckn (22)
Qksu ua- % 0532-3266722] 9956971111] 9235581475
DOWNLOAD MORE PDF FOR GOVERNMENT EXAM CLICK HERE >>> https://pdfexam.com/
DOWNLOAD MORE PDF FOR GOVERNMENT EXAM CLICK HERE >>> https://pdfexam.com/
40- Mphxe vHk;kj.k tEew d'ehj gkaxqy ¼d'ehjh e`x½ bls jsM MkVk cqqd
esa mYysf[kr fd;k x;k gSA
41- flVh QkjsLV ¼lyhu vyh½ vHk;kj.k tEew d'ehj &
42- tynkikjk oU; tho vhk;kj.k if'pe caxky &
43- lqUnj ou Vkbxj fjtoZ if'pe caxky &
44- dkUgk fdlyh jk"Vªh; m|ku e/; izn's k ck?k] phrk] rsna qvk] ckjgflagk
45- iape<+h vHk;kj.k e/; izn's k &
46- ck/ko x<+ jk"Vªh; m|ku e/; izn's k &
47- xka/kh lkxj oU; tho vHk;kj.k e/; izn's k &
48- iUuk jk"Vªh; m|ku e/; izn's k &
49- flaFkkSyh oU; tho vHk;kj.k e/; izn's k &
50- gtkjh ckx oU; tho vHk;kj.k >kj[k.M phrk] Hkkyw] rsna qvk
51- MksYek oU; tho vHk;kj.k >kj[k.M gkFkh] rsna qvk] fgj.k
52- rksipkph vHk;kj.k >kj[k.M &
53- osryk oU; tho vHk;kj.k >kj[k.M &
54- dSewj oU; tho vHk;kj.k fcgkj ck?k] uhy xk;] ?kfM+;ky
55- jktxhj vHk;kj.k fcgkj &
56- xkSre cq) oU; tho vHk;kj.k fcgkj &
57- baVkXQh oU; tho vHk;kj.k ukxkyS.M &
58- MkEi oU; tho vHk;kj.k fetksje &
59- jkl vkbyS.M jk"Vªh; m|ku vaMeku uhdksckj }hi lewg &
60 f'kdVh nsoh oU; tho vHk;kj.k fgekapy izn's k &
61- jksgyk jk"Vª m|ku fgekapy izn's k &
62- uksØd s fjtoZ es?kky; &
63- oky iØe vHk;kj.k es?kky; &
64- eqnqeykbZ oU; tho vHk;kj.k rfeyukMq &
65- oknkUraxy i{kh fogkj rfeyukMq &
66- dkoy oU; tho vHk;kj.k vkU/kz izn's k &
67- ukykiV~Vh i{kh fogkj vkU/kz izn's k &
68- dksYys: ,fydsujh vkU/kz izn's k &
69- ik[kky oU; tho vHk;kj.k vkU/kz izn's k &
{tgk¡ lsysD'ku ,d ftn gS-} lehj Iyktk] eueksgu ikdZ] dVjk] ckale.Mh ds lkeus] bykgkckn (23)
Qksu ua- % 0532-3266722] 9956971111] 9235581475
DOWNLOAD MORE PDF FOR GOVERNMENT EXAM CLICK HERE >>> https://pdfexam.com/
DOWNLOAD MORE PDF FOR GOVERNMENT EXAM CLICK HERE >>> https://pdfexam.com/
Ñf"k lEcU/kh jkT;okj mRiknu 'kh"kZ ik¡p catj Hkwfe okys jkT;
¼vojksgh Øe esa½ jkT; ¼2005½ catj Hkwfe HkkSxks- {ks- dk %
mRiknu gtkj Vu esa ¼o"kZ 2009&10 es½a oxZ fdeh-
fdeh-
pkoy (Rice) • jktLFkku 101454 29-64
¼1½ if'pe caxky ¼2½ iatkc ¼3½ mÙkj izn's k • tEew&d'ehj 70202 69-24
xsgw¡ (Wheat) • e- iz- 57134 18-53
¼1½ mÙkj izn's k ¼2½ iatkc ¼3½ gfj;k.kk • egkjk"Vª 49275 16-01
Tokj (Jowar) • vkU/kz izn's k 45267 16-45
¼1½ egkjk"Vª ¼2½ dukZVd ¼3½ e/; izn's k
cktjk (Bazra)
¼1½ jktLFkku ¼2½ mÙkj izn's k ¼3½ gfj;k.kk Hkkjr % [kfut lalk/ku ,oa m|ksx
eDdk (Miaze)
¼1½ dukZVd ¼2½ vka/kz izn's k ¼3½ egkjk"Vª
dqy [kk|ké dks;yk (Coal)
¼1½ mÙkj izn's k ¼2½ iatkc ¼3½ e/; izn's k dks;yk ns'k esa ÅtkZ dk ize[q k lzksr gSa vkSj ns'k dh
puk (Gram) O;kolkf;d ÅtkZ dh [kir esa bldk ;ksxnku 67 izfr'kr gSA
¼1½ e/; izn's k ¼2½ egkjk"Vª ¼3½ vkU/kz izn's k blds vykok ;g bLikr vkSj dkcks& Z jlk;fud m|ksxksa esa dke
vjgj (Pulse) vkus okyk vko';d inkFkZ gSA dks;ys ls izkIr 'kfDr [kfut rsy
¼1½ egkjk"Vª ¼2½ e/; izn's k ¼3½ dukZVd ls izkIr dh x;h 'kfDr ls nksxquh] izkÑfrd xSl ls ik¡p xquh
rFkk ty&fo|qr 'kfDr ls vkB xquk vf/kd gksrh gSA blds
ew¡xQyh (Groundnut) egRo ds dkj.k bls dkyk lksuk dh miek nh tkrh gSA dks;ys
¼1½ xqtjkr ¼2½ vkU/kzizn's k ¼3½ rfeyukMq ds Hk.Mkjksa dh n`f"V ls Hkkjr dk fo'o esa nwljk LFkku gSA
jsilhM vkSj ljlks Hkkjrh; feujy bZ;j cqd (IMYB) 2009 ds vuqlkj ns'k esa 1200
¼1½ jktLFkku ¼2½ gfj;k.kk ¼3½ e/; izn's k ehVj dh xgjkbZ rd lqjf{kr dks;ys dk Hk.Mkj 26721.0 djksM+
dikl ¼gtkj csYl½ (Cotton) Vu FkkA
¼1½ xqtjkr ¼2½ egkjk"Vª ¼3½ vkU/kzizn's k dks;ys ds ik¡p 'kh"kZ Hk.Mkjd jkT;
twV (Jute) gtkj csYl jkT; Hk.Mkj.k ¼djksM+ Vu es½a
¼1½ if'pe caxky ¼2½ fcgkj ¼3½ vle • >kj[k.M 7671.1
dkQh (Coffee) • vksfM'kk 6522.6
¼1½ dukZVd ¼2½ dsjy ¼3½ rfeyukMq
• NÙkhlx<+ 4448.3
pk; (Tea)
¼1½ vle ¼2½ if'pe caxky ¼3½ rfeyukMq • i- caxky 2832.6
izkÑfrd jcM+ (Natural Rubber) • e- iz- 2098.1
¼1½ dsjy ¼2½ rfeyukMq ¼3½ dukZVd lzksr % IMYB 2009
ukfj;y (Coconut)
¼1½ dsjy ¼2½ rfeyukMq ¼3½ dukZVdk • o"kZ 2008–09 ds nkSjku dks;ys dk dqy mRiknu 492.9
xUuk (Sugar Cane) fefy;u Vu FkkA
¼1½ mÙkj izn's k ¼2½ egkjk"Vª ¼3½ dukZVd • ns'k esa dks;ys ds leLr mRiknu dk yxHkx 77% Hkkx
rEckdw (Tobacco) fctyh mRiknu esa [kir gksrk gSA
¼1½ vkU/kzizn's k ¼2½ xqtjkr ¼3½ dukZVd
vkyw (Potato) dks;yk mRiknd 'kh"kZ ik¡p jkT;
¼1½ mÙkj izn's k ¼2½ if'pe caxky ¼3½ fcgkj jkT; mRiknu % esa
dqy js'ke ¼gtkj fdxzk-½ (Silk) • NÙkhlx<+ 20.7
¼1½ vkU/kz izn's k ¼2½ dukZVd ¼3½ if'pe caxky • vksfM'kk 20.0
dsyk (Banana) • >kj[k.M 19.5
¼1½ egkjk"Vª ¼2½ rfeyukMq ¼3½ xqtjkr • e/; izn's k 14.4
dkyh fepZ (Black Pepper) • vkU/kz izn's k 9.0
¼1½ dsjy ¼2½ dukZVd ¼3½ rfeyukMq
lks;kchu Hkkjr esa dks;ys ds izdkj
¼1½ e/;izn's k ¼2½ egkjk"Vª ¼3½ jktLFkku dkcZu] ok"i o ty dh ek=k ds vk/kkj ij Hkkjrh; dks;yk
frygu fuEu izdkj dk gS&
¼1½ e/; izn's k ¼2½ jktLFkku ¼3½ xqtjkr 1. ,UFkszlkbV dks;yk (Anthracite Coal) : ;g dks;yk lcls
HksM+ ¼gtkj½ (Sheep) mÙke gSA blesa dkcZu dh ek=k 80 ls 95 izfr'kr] ty dh
¼1½ vka/kzizn's k ¼2½ jktLFkku ¼3½ dukZVd ek=k 2 ls 5 izfr'kr rFkk ok"i 25 ls 40 izfr'kr rd gksrh
dqy nw/k (Milk) gSA tyrs le; ;g /kqv ¡ k ugha nsrk rFkk rki lcls vf/kd
¼1½ mÙkj izn's k ¼2½ iatkc ¼3½ jktLFkku nsrk gSA ;g tEew&d'ehj jkT; ls izkIr gksrk gSA
{tgk¡ lsysD'ku ,d ftn gS-} lehj Iyktk] eueksgu ikdZ] dVjk] ckale.Mh ds lkeus] bykgkckn (24)
Qksu ua- % 0532-3266722] 9956971111] 9235581475
DOWNLOAD MORE PDF FOR GOVERNMENT EXAM CLICK HERE >>> https://pdfexam.com/
DOWNLOAD MORE PDF FOR GOVERNMENT EXAM CLICK HERE >>> https://pdfexam.com/
2. fcVqfeul dks;yk (Bituminous Coal) : ;g f}rh; Js.kh • /kuckn ftys esa fLFkr >fj;k dks;yk {ks= >kj[k.M
dk dks;yk gSA blesa dkcZu dh ek=k 55% ls 65%, ty jkT; dk lcls cM+k dks;yk mRiknd {ks= gSA ns'k ds
dh ek=k 20% ls 30% rFkk 35% ls 50% gksrh gSA ;g 90% ls vf/kd dksfdax dks;ys ds Hk.Mkj ;gk¡ fLFkr
tyrs le; lk/kkj.k /kqv ¡ k nsrk gSA xksM
a okuk dky dk gSAa dks;yk /kksou 'kkyk,¡ lqnkeMhg
keMhg rFkk eksfuuMhg
Mhg esa
dks;yk blh izdkj dk gSA fLFkr gSAa
3. fyXukbV dks;yk (Lignite Coal) : ;g ?kfV;k fdLe dk • fxfjMhg {ks= % >kj[k.M jkT; esa fLFkr] ;gk¡ ds dks;ys
Hkwjk dks;yk gSA blesa dkcZu dh ek=k 45 izfr'kr ls 55 dh eq[; fo'ks"krk ;g gS fd blls vfr mÙke izdkj
izfr'kr] ty dk va'k 30 izfr'kr ls 55 izfr'kr rFkk ok"i dk LVhe dksd rS;kj gksrk gS tks /kkrq 'kks/ku ds fy,
35 izfr'kr ls 50 izfr'kr gksrh gSA ;g dks;yk jktLFkku] mi;qDr gSA
es?kky;] vle] osYyksj] fr#oukyksj ¼rfeyukMq½] nkftZfyax
• cksdkjks {ks= % ;g gtkjhckx esa fLFkr gSA ;gk¡ Hkh dksd
¼i- caxky½ esa feyrk gSA
cukus ;ksX; mÙke dks;yk feyrk gSA ;gk¡ eq[; ;g
djxkyh gS tks yxHkx 66 ehVj eksVh gSA
dks;yk
yk {ks= • djuiqjk {ks= % ;g Åijh nkeksnj dh ?kkVh esa cksdkjks
¼d½ xksM
a okuk dks;yk {ks= % xksM a okuk {ks= ds vUrxZr nkeksnj {ks= ls rhu fdyksehVj if'pe esa fLFkr gSA
?kkVh ds ize[q k dks;yk {ks= fuEu gS&a
• lkslkus ?kkVh dks;yk {ks= % bl {ks= dsvUrxZr e/; izn's k
• jkuhxat {ks= % i- caxky dk jkuhxat dks;yk {ks=
Åijh nkeksnj ?kkVh esa gS tks ns'k dk lcls egRoiw.kZ ds lksgkxiqj] fla}kjkSyh] rkrkikuh] jkedksyk vkSj
,oa cM+k dks;yk {ks= gSA bl {ks= ls ns'k dk yxHkx mM+hlk ds vkSjaxk] gqVkj ds {ks= vkrs gSAa
35% dks;yk izkIr gksrk gSA • egkunh ?kkVh dks;yk {ks= % bl {ks= ds vUrxZr
mM+hlk ds rypj vkSj lEHkyiqj {ks=] e/; izns'k ds
'kh"kZ rhu fyXukbV Hk.Mkjd jkT; lksugV rFkk foJkeiqj&y[kuiqj {ks= eq[; gSAa
• NÙkhlx<+ esa dksjck {ks= dh [kkus gSAa bldk
jkT; % ek=k
mi;ksx fHkykbZ ds bLikr dkj[kkus esa gksrk gSA
• rfeyukMq 80.36
dksjck ds iwoZ esa jk;x<+ dh [kkusa gSAa pyoj [kkusa
• jktLFkku 11.65 czkºe.kh unh ?kkVh esa gSAa
• xqtjkr 6.81
• vkU/kz izns'k ds flaxjSuh {ks= esa mPp fdLe dk dks;yk
feyrk gSA
dks;yk mRiknd izeq[k {ks= ¼[k½ flaxjSuh ;qx ds dks;yk {ks= % lEiw.kZ Hkkjr dk 2 izfr'kr
{ks= jkT; dks;yk Vf'kZ;jh ;qx dh pêkuksa ls izkIr gksrk gSA blds eq[;
• >fj;k >kj[k.M {ks= jktLFkku] vle] es?kky;] v#.kkpy izn's k] tEew&d'ehj
• dkykdksM tEew&d'ehj vkSj rfeyukMq gSAa jktLFkku esa fyXukbV dks;ys ds Hk.Mkj
• mejlkj xqtjkr iykuk] cjflaxjlj]
jlj] fcFkuksd ¼chdkusj½ diwjdM+h] tkfyIik
• iykuk jktLFkku ¼ckM+esj½ vkSj dluÅ&bX;kj ¼ukxSj½ esa gSA
• ckgqj ikafMpsjh • rfeyukMq jkT; ds nf{k.k esa vdkZV ftys esa uosyh
tEew&d'ehj uked LFkku ij fyXukbV dks;yk feyrk gSA fyXukbV
• fupkgkse
dk lokZf/kd Hk.Mkj rFkk mRiknd rfeyukMq esa gksrk
• cjdyk dsjy gSA eékjxqM+h ¼rfeyukMq½ esa fyXukbV dk lcls cM+k
• uosyh rfeyukMq Hk.Mkj vofLFkr gSA
ukxfpd uke v#.kkpy izn's k
•
[kfut rsy vFkok isVªkfs y;e
fyXukbV mRiknd 'kh"kZ rhu jkT; (Mineral Oil or Petroleum)
jkT; % va'k esa isVªkfs y;e Vf'kZ;jh ;qx dh tyt volknh (Aqueous
• rfeyukMq 65.7 sedimntary rocks) 'kSyksa dk ^pêkuh rsy* gSA tks gkbMªkd s kcZu
;kSfxdksa dk feJ.k gSA blesa isVªksy] Mhty] bZFkj] xSlksyhu] feêh
• xqtjkr 31.1
dk rsy] fpdukbZ rsy ,oa ekse vkfn izkIr gksrk gSA Hkkjr esa
• jktLFkku 3.08
dPps isVªkfs y;e dk mRiknu 2008-09 esa 33.5 fefy;u Vu FkkA
ftlesa vfHkrVh; (Onshore) {ks= dk ;ksxnku 11.21 fefy;u Vu
dks;ys ds ik¡p 'kh"kZ mi;ksx {ks= rFkk virVh; (Offshore) {ks= dk ;ksxnku 22.3 (66.6%)
{ks= % va'k esa fefy;u Vu FkkA
• rkih; la;U= 74.6 Hkkjr esa volknh csfluksa dk foLrkj 720 fefy;u oxZ fdeh-
• bZVa ksa ds Hkês 9.9 {ks= ij gS ftlesa 3.140 fefy;u oxZ fdeh- dk egk}hih; rV
{ks= lfEefyr gSA bu volknh csfluksa esa 28 fcfy;u Vu
• bLikr m|ksx 3.7 gkbMªk&
s dkcZu ds Hk.Mkj vuqekfur fd;s x;s gS]a ftuesa l 2008-
• lhesUV m|ksx 3.5 2009 rd 7-70 fcfy;u Vu Hk.Mkj LFkkfir fd;s tk pqds gSAa
• moZjd 1.0 gkbMªkd
s kcZu esa 70% rsy ,oa 30% izkÑfrd xSl feyrh gSA izkfIr
;ksX; Hk.Mkj 2.60 fcfy;u Vu gksus dk vuqeku gSA
{tgk¡ lsysD'ku ,d ftn gS-} lehj Iyktk] eueksgu ikdZ] dVjk] ckale.Mh ds lkeus] bykgkckn (25)
Qksu ua- % 0532-3266722] 9956971111] 9235581475
DOWNLOAD MORE PDF FOR GOVERNMENT EXAM CLICK HERE >>> https://pdfexam.com/
DOWNLOAD MORE PDF FOR GOVERNMENT EXAM CLICK HERE >>> https://pdfexam.com/
[kfut rsy {ks= % Hkkjr esa pkj ize[q k rsy mRiknd {ks= gSaA dPps rsy vkSj izkÑfrd xSl dk Hk.Mkj
;Fkk& {ks=@jkT; dPpk rsy izkÑfrd xSl
1- czãiq= ?kkVh ¼fefy;u Vu ¼fcfy;u
2- xqtjkr rV es½a D;wfcd eh-
eh-½
Hkkjr 773.30 1115.27
3- if'peh virVh; {ks= ¼d½ virVh; 452.46 840.09
4- iwohZ virVh; {ks= ¼[k½ rVh; 320.84 27517
1- czãiq= ?kkVh % ;g ns'k dh lcls iqjkuh rsy dh isVh gS tks • lEiw.kZ Hkkjr 773.30 1115.27
fnfgax ?kkVh ls lqjek ?kkVh rd 1300 fdeh- {ks= esa foLr`r 3- if'peh virVh; {ks= % bl {ks= ls ns'k ds leLr dPps
gSA ;gk¡ ds izeq[k rsy mRiknd dsUnz gSa& fMxcksbZ ¼fMczx
q <+½] rsy mRiknu dk 67 izfr'kr mRikfnr fd;k tkrk gSA blds
ukgjdfV;k] eksjugq}kjhtu] #nzlkxj&ydok rFkk vUrxZr rhu {ks= lfEefyr fd;s tkrs gSAa ;Fkk&
lqjek?kkVhA • cEcbZ&gkbZ rsy {ks= ns'k dk fo'kkyre rsy mRiknd
2- xqtjkr rV % ;g {ks= ns'k dk yxHkx 18 izfr'kr rsy {ks= gS ftldk jk"Vªh; mRiknu esa 60% ls vf/kd
mRiknu djrk gSA ;gk¡ rsy mRiknu dh nks isfV;k¡ gSAa ;ksxnku gSA ;g eqEcbZ ds 176 fdeh- nf{k.k if'pe esa
;Fkk& yxHkx 2500 oxZ fdeh- {ks= ij foLr`r gSA vfrnksgu
• [kEHkkr dh [kkM+h ds iwohZ rV ds lgkjs] tgk¡ vadys'oj ds dkj.k bldk mRiknu fujUrj ?kV jgk gSA
rFkk [kEHkkr izeq[k rsy {ks= gSAa • cslhu rsy {ks= cEcbZ gkbZ ds nf{k.k if'pe esa
fLFkr gSA bl {ks= ds rsy Hk.Mkj cEcbZ gkbZ ls
• [ksM+k ls eglkuk rd] tgk¡ dyksj] lkuUn] uoxk¡o] vf/kd cM+s gSAa
esglkuk
lkuk rFkk cpkjth ize[q k rsy {ks= gSAa Hk:p]
esglkuk] vgenkckn] [ksM+k] cM+ksnjk rFkk lwjr ize[q k • vfy;kcsV rsy {ks= Hkkouxj ls 45 fdeh- nwj
rsy mRiknd ftys gSAa [kEHkkr dh [kkM+h esa fLFkr gSA
4- iwohZ virVh; {ks= % isVªkfs y;e rFkk izkÑfrd xSl Ñ".kk]
• vadys'oj rsy {ks= Hk:p ftys esa 30 oxZ fdeh- {ks= xksnkojh rFkk dkosjh ufn;ksa ds csfluksa rFkk MsYVkvksa esa
ij foLr`r gSA v'kq) rsy dks;yh rFkk VªkEcs esa izkIr gq, gSAa Ñ".kk&xksnkojh virVh; csflu esa fLFkr
ifj"Ñr fd;k tkrk gSA jok {ks= esa rsy izkIr gqvk gSA vU; rsy {ks= veykiq#
• [kEHkkr % yqut s {ks=] ftls ^xkU/kkj {ks=* Hkh dgrs gSa] ¼vkU/kz izn's k½] ukfjekue rFkk dksbjdykiYyh ¼dkosjh
cM+kns jk ds 60 fdeh- if'pe esa fLFkr gSA csflu½ esa fLFkr gSa v'kq) rsy psébZ ds fudV iukbxqfM+
esa ifj"Ñr fd;k tkrk gSA
• vgenkckn&dyksj {ks= [kEHkkr csflu ds mÙkj esa
vgenkckn ds pkjksa vksj fLFkr gSA • v'kq) rsy dkosjh MsYVk] Tokykeq[kh ¼fgekpy
izn's k½ rFkk ckM+esj ¼jktLFkku½ esa Hkh izkIr gqvk gSA
izkÑfrd xSl ds 'kh"kZ mRiknd {ks=@jkT; 2008&09 • eékj dh [kkM+h ¼fr#usyosyh rV½] ikbUV dkyhehj
{ks=@jkT; ek=k fefy;u D;wfcd eh-
eh- esa rFkk tQuk izk;}hi ,oa voUrkaxh] djkbZdqMh rV]
1- virVh; 24086 (73.3%) caxky dh [kkM+h] d'ehj ls if'peh mÙkj izn's k rd
2- xqtjkr 2605 (7.93%) foLr`r isVh] v.Meku }hi ds if'pe esa virVh;
3- vlkse 2603 (7.92%) {ks= vkfn esa Hkh rsy izkfIr dh lEHkkouk gSA ljdkj
us u;h [kkst ykblsUl uhfr ds rgr 48 u;s {ks=ksa
4- vkU/kz izn's k 1524 (4.63%)
esa rsy dh [kkst ds fy;s fons'kh dEifu;ksa ls
5- rfeyukMq 1542 fufonk vkefU=r fd;s FksA
6- f=iqjk 553 ;wjfs u;e
lEiw.kZ Hkkjr 32849 (100%) bldh izkfIr /kkjokM+ rFkk vkfdZ;u Js.kh dh pêkuks& a
• lkoZtfud {ks= 25265 (76.9%) isXesVkbV] eksukstkbV ckyw rFkk psjkykbV esa gksrh gSA
;wjfs u;e ds izeq[k v;Ld fiapCysM a ] lkWejLdkbV ,os
• futh {ks= 7584 (23.0%)
Fksfj;kukbV gSA >kj[k.M dk tknwxksMk ¼flagHkwe½ {ks=
;wjfs u;e [kuu ds fy, lqifz l) gSA flagHkwe ftys esa gh
dPps rsy ds 'kh"kZ mRiknu {ks=@jkT; HkkfVu] ukjok] igkM+ vkSj ds#vkMwx a jh esa Hkkjh ;wjfs u;e ds
{ks=@jkT; ek=k ¼gtkj Vu es½a lzksrksa dk irk yxk gSA jktLFkku esa ;wjfs u;e dh izkfIr
1- virVh; 22232 (66.35%) HkhyokM+k] cwna h vkSj mn;iqj ftyksa ls gksrh gSA
2- xqtjkr 5944 (17.74%) Fkksfj;e
3- vlkse 4673 (13.94%) Hkkjr fo'o dk lokZf/kd Fkksfj;e mRiknd jk"Vª gSA
4- rfeyukMq 289 Fkksfj;l eksukstkbV jsr ls izkIr fd;k tkrk gS] ftldk
5- vkU/kz izn's k 265 fuekZ.k izh&dSfEcz;u dky dh pêkuksa ds fo/oa'k pw.kZ ls gqvk
• lEiw.kZ Hkkjr 33506 gSA tks eq[;r% dsjy ds rVorhZ Hkkxksa esa feyrk gSA blds
• lkoZtfud {ks= 28832 (86.0%) vykok ;g uhyfxfj ¼rfeyukMq½] gtkjhckx ¼>kj[k.M½ vkSj
mn;iqj ¼jktLFkku½ ftyksa esa rFkk if'peh rVksa ds xzus kbV
• futh {ks= 4674 (13.94%)
{ks=ksa esa joksa ds :i esa Hkh izkIr gksrk gSA
{tgk¡ lsysD'ku ,d ftn gS-} lehj Iyktk] eueksgu ikdZ] dVjk] ckale.Mh ds lkeus] bykgkckn (26)
Qksu ua- % 0532-3266722] 9956971111] 9235581475
DOWNLOAD MORE PDF FOR GOVERNMENT EXAM CLICK HERE >>> https://pdfexam.com/
DOWNLOAD MORE PDF FOR GOVERNMENT EXAM CLICK HERE >>> https://pdfexam.com/
{tgk¡ lsysD'ku ,d ftn gS-} lehj Iyktk] eueksgu ikdZ] dVjk] ckale.Mh ds lkeus] bykgkckn (27)
Qksu ua- % 0532-3266722] 9956971111] 9235581475
DOWNLOAD MORE PDF FOR GOVERNMENT EXAM CLICK HERE >>> https://pdfexam.com/
DOWNLOAD MORE PDF FOR GOVERNMENT EXAM CLICK HERE >>> https://pdfexam.com/
jkT; {ks=
• orZeku le; esa fo'o esa ykSg v;Ld ds mRiknu esa
• e/; izn's k rjsxkao] eyt[k.M ¼ckyk?kkV ftyk½ Hkkjr dk prqFkZ LFkku (9.8%) gSA feujy bZ;j cqd
• jktLFkku [ksrM+h&fla?kkuk] [kks&njhok&Hkxksuh 2009 ds vuqlkj&2008&09 esa ns'k esa ykSg v;Ld dk
¼>q>
a quw vkSj vyoj ftys½ mRiknu 215437 fefy;u Vu FkkA
• >kj[k.M ekslkckuh] /kksokuh] lqjnk] ikFkjxksM+k] ykSg v;Ld mRiknd 'kh"kZ ik¡p jkT;
jk[kk] lksukek[kh ¼flagHkwe iwohZ½ Øe jkT;
vfXuxq.My] xuh ¼xq.Vwj ftyk½ • izFke vksfM'kk
• vkU/kz izn's k
• f}rh; dukZVd
• flfDde HkksVkax] ikps;[kkuh • r`rh; xksok
• ns'k esa rk¡ck dk mRiknu vko';drk ls de gksrk gSA • prqFkZ NÙkhlx<+
dkj.kLo:i ;w-,l-,-] dukMk ,oa eSfDldksa vkfn ns'kksa • iape >kj[k.M
ls bldk vk;kr fd;k tkrk gSa KkrO; gS fd fjQkb.M
rkez ds mRiknu esa Hkkjr dk fo'o esa nlok¡ LFkku gSA
bl v;Ld ds mRiknu ,oa Hk.Mkj dh n`f"V ls Hkkjr • ns'k ds ykSg v;Ld mRiknd izeq[k {ks= v/kksfyf[kr gS
esa rhu egRoiw.kZ ftysa >q>a qu ¼jktLFkku½] ckyk?kkV ¼e- ;Fkk&
iz-½ ,oa flagHkwfe ¼>kj[k.M½ gSA jkT; {ks=
ykSg v;Ld (Iron Ore) • NÙkhlx<+ Mkyh jktgjk igkM+h] csykMksyk]
ykSg&v;Ld pkj izdkj dk gksrk gSA ;Fkk& ¼nqxZ vkSj nUrsokM+k ftyk½
(1) eSXusVkbV (Fe2O4) : ;g dkys jax dk loksÙZ ke fdLe • dukZVd ckckcwnu] dqna zse[q k] caxkjdy]
dk pqEcdh; ykSg v;Ld gSa ftlesa /kkrq dk va'k 72 izfr'kr vuknqxkZ ¼csykjh vkSj fp=nqxZ
ik;k tkrk gSA bl /kkrq esa oSufs M;e] VkbVsfu;e rFkk Øksfe;e ds ftys½
Hkh va'k ik;s tkrs gSAa bl v;Ld dk 87% Hkkx nf{k.kh {ks= esa • vksfM'kk xq#efglkuh] iksEikn] cknke
ik;k tkrk gSA tSls dukZVd] vkU/kz izns'k ,oa rfeyukMqA
• >kj[k.M iafljkcq#] cM+koq#] uksoke.Mh
(2) gseV s kbV v;Ld (Fe2O3) : blesa /kkrq dk izfr'kr 60 ¼flagHkwe vksj D;ks> a j ftys½
ls 70 rd gksrk gSA ;g vkWDlhtu vkSj yksgs dk lfEeJ.k gksrk
gSA yksgs dk ;g nwljk loksÙZ ke fdLe gSA bl v;Ld dk 60% • vkU/kz izn's k vksx
a ksy&xq.MyDdek] Nkcyh
iwohZ {ks= esa ik;k tkrk gSA tSls& >kj[k.M vksfM'kk] NÙkhlx<+ ¼vksx
a ksy vkSj xq.Vwj ftys½
vkfnA Hkkjr dk vf/kdka'k yksgk blh izdkj gSA • xksok vnqyekys] mlka] ¼mÙkjh vkSj
(3) fy;ksukbV (2Fe2O33H2O) : ;g ty;ksftr yksgk nf{k.kh xksvk½
vkWDlkbM dgykrk gS] ftlesa 40 ls 50 izfr'kr yksgs dk vuqikr • if'peh caxky nkewnk Js.kh ¼o)Zeku ftyk½
gksrk gSA ;g volknh 'kSyksa ls ikIr fd;k tkrk gSA
{tgk¡ lsysD'ku ,d ftn gS-} lehj Iyktk] eueksgu ikdZ] dVjk] ckale.Mh ds lkeus] bykgkckn (28)
Qksu ua- % 0532-3266722] 9956971111] 9235581475
DOWNLOAD MORE PDF FOR GOVERNMENT EXAM CLICK HERE >>> https://pdfexam.com/
DOWNLOAD MORE PDF FOR GOVERNMENT EXAM CLICK HERE >>> https://pdfexam.com/
eSx
a uht (Manganese) izeq[k m|ksx
orZeku esa Hkkjr fo'o eSx a thu mRiknu dk 6.7% mRikfnr lwrh oL=& egkjk"Vª] xqtjkr] rfeyukMq] mÙkj
dj lalkj esa ikapoka LFkku j[krk gSA ykSg&bLikr m|ksx esa ,d izn's k] if'pe caxky] e/; izn's kA
ize[q k dPps eky ds :i esa iz;qDr gksrk gSA blds fofo/k mi;ksx
gS]a ;Fkk& 'kq"d cSVfj;ksa ds fuekZ.k] QksVksxzkQh esa iz;Dq r yo.kksa esa] twV& if'pe caxky] vkU/kz izn's k] fcgkj] mÙkj
peM+k rFkk ekfpl m|ksxksa esa] dk¡p dks jaxus] ikWVjh] isUV] jaxhu izn's kA
bZVa sa vkfn cukus esa ;g iz;Dq r gksrk gSA js'keh oL=& dukZVd] if'pe caxky] fcgkjA
• eSaxuht Hkkjr dh /kkjokM+ 'kSyksa esa izkÑfrd vkWDlkbM Åuh oL=& iatkc] egkjk"Vª] mÙkj izn's kA
ds :i esa feyrk gSA lkbyksfeysu rFkk czkuW kbV 90% yksgk rFkk bLikr& te'ksniqj ¼>kj[k.M½] cuZiqj ¼if'pe
eSaxuht v;Ld dk fuekZ.k djrh gSA bldh izkfIr caxky½] Hknzkorh ¼dukZVd½] cksdkjks
ikbjksywlkbV] eSaxsVkbV] jksMksØkslkbV tSls v;Ldksa ls ¼>kj[k.M½] jkmjdsyk ¼mM+hlk½] nqxkZiqj
Hkh gksrh gSA
¼if'pe caxky½] fHkykbZ ¼NÙkhlx<+½]
'kh"kZ eSx
a uht mRiknd ik¡p jkT; lkyse ¼rfeyukMq½] fo'kk[kkiV~Vue
jkT; % va'k
¼vkU/kz izn's k½A
• vksfM'kk 32.0
• e-iz- 25.0 ,sY;qehfu;e& ghjkdqM a ] dksjkiwr ¼mM+hlk½] jsud
q wV ¼mÙkj
• egkjk"Vª 24.0 izn's k½] dksjck ¼e/; izns'k½] jRukfxfj
• dukZVd 12.0 ¼egkjk"Vª½] feV~Bqj ¼rfeyukMq½A
• vkU/kz izn's k 6.0 rk¡ck& [ksrM+h ¼jktLFkku½] flagHkwfe
¼>kj[k.M½A
'kh"kZ ik¡p ty fo|qr mRiknd jkT; jsy yksdks
dkseksfVo& fpÙkjatu] okjk.klh] te'ksniqj] HkksikyA
jkT;
jkT; va'k % esa
jsy ds fMCcs& iSjkEcwj ¼rfeyukMq½] diwjFkyk ¼iatkc½]
• dukZVd 12-6
caxykSj] dksydkrkA
• iatkc 12-0
ty;ku& dksphu] eaqcbZ] dksydkrk]
• vkU/kz izn's k 8-9
fo'kk[kkiV~Vue] e>xkaoA
• dsjy 8-8
6-3 moZjd& flUnjh ¼fcgkjh½] ukaxy ¼iatkc½] usoy s h
• egkjk"Vª
¼rfeyukMq½] VªkEcs ¼egkjk"Vª½]
'kh"kZ ik¡p iou ÅtkZ mRiknd jkT;
jkmjdsyk] nqxkZiqj] xksj[kiqj] dksphu]
jkT; va'k esxkokV esa
okjk.klh] uke:i ¼vle½] dkuiqj]
• rfeyukMq 2893 fo'kk[kkiV~Ve] dksVk] cM+kns jkA
• egkjk"Vª 1001 vkS"kf/k& fiEijh ¼iq.ks½] _f"kds'kA
• dukZVd 585 phuh& mÙkj izn's k] egkjk"Vª] rfeyukMq] vkU/kz
• jktLFkku 358 izn's k] dukZVd] fcgkjA
• xqtjkr 338 Hkkjh e'khu& jk¡ph] fo'kk[kkiV~Vue] nqxkZiqj]
fr#fpjkiYyh] eqca bZ] uSuhA
dqN vU; [kfut mRiknd jkT; ,p-
,p-,e- Vh-(HMT)– cSx
,e-Vh- a ykSj] fiUtkSj] gSnjkckn] dkykelsjh]
1- ØksekbV (Cromite) Jhuxj] fldUnjkckn] vtesjA
¼1½ mM+hlk ¼2½ dukZVd ¼3½ egkjk"Vª Hksy (BHEL)– Hkksiky] gfj}kj] jkepUnziqje] caxykSj]
2- Lo.kZ (Gold) txnh'kiqj] tEewA
¼1½ dukZVd ¼2½ >kj[k.M fgUnqLrku ,sjks& caxykSj] dkuiqj] ukfldA
3- pk¡nh (Silver)
¼1½ jktLFkku ¼2½ dukZVd ¼3½ >kj[k.M ukWfVDl fyfeVsM& gSnjkckn] dksjkiwr] y[kuÅA
4- fVu (Tin)
¼1½ NÙkhlx<+ dkxt mRiknd 'kh"kZ 4 jkT;
5- lYQj (Sulpher)
¼1½ gfj;k.kk ¼2½ xqtjkr ¼3½ i- caxky jkT; mRiknu ¼% es½a
6- MksyksekbV (Dolomite) • vkU/kz izn's k 18-0
¼1½ mM+hlk ¼2½ e/; izn's k ¼3½ NÙkhlx<+
7- QsYlujh (Felsphar) • egkjk"Vª 13-0
¼1½ vkU/kzizn's k ¼2½ jktLFkku ¼3½ >kj[k.M • i- caxky 10-5
8- eSXuslkbV (Magnesite)
• mM+hlk 8-0
¼1½ rfeyukMq ¼2½ mÙkjk[k.M ¼3½ dukZVd
{tgk¡ lsysD'ku ,d ftn gS-} lehj Iyktk] eueksgu ikdZ] dVjk] ckale.Mh ds lkeus] bykgkckn (29)
Qksu ua- % 0532-3266722] 9956971111] 9235581475
DOWNLOAD MORE PDF FOR GOVERNMENT EXAM CLICK HERE >>> https://pdfexam.com/
DOWNLOAD MORE PDF FOR GOVERNMENT EXAM CLICK HERE >>> https://pdfexam.com/
{tgk¡ lsysD'ku ,d ftn gS-} lehj Iyktk] eueksgu ikdZ] dVjk] ckale.Mh ds lkeus] bykgkckn (30)
Qksu ua- % 0532-3266722] 9956971111] 9235581475
DOWNLOAD MORE PDF FOR GOVERNMENT EXAM CLICK HERE >>> https://pdfexam.com/
DOWNLOAD MORE PDF FOR GOVERNMENT EXAM CLICK HERE >>> https://pdfexam.com/
{tgk¡ lsysD'ku ,d ftn gS-} lehj Iyktk] eueksgu ikdZ] dVjk] ckale.Mh ds lkeus] bykgkckn (31)
Qksu ua- % 0532-3266722] 9956971111] 9235581475
DOWNLOAD MORE PDF FOR GOVERNMENT EXAM CLICK HERE >>> https://pdfexam.com/
DOWNLOAD MORE PDF FOR GOVERNMENT EXAM CLICK HERE >>> https://pdfexam.com/
dq,a % (I) vfuR;okgh ugjsa % ;s ugjsa unh ls lh/ks fcuk fdlh cka/k
flapkbZ esa dqvksa dk izpyu izkphu dky ls jgk gSA fuekZ.k ;k csjkt ds fudkyh tkrh gSAa ;s ugjs o"kkZ ty
dksey 'kSy rFkk Å¡ps HkkSe ty Lrj okys {ks=ksa ¼tgk¡ ij vk/kkfjr gksrh gSa vr,o o"kkZ _rq esa gh ;s ugjsa
tyLrj dh xgjkbZ 15 ehVj ls vf/kd ugha ikbZ tkrh½ esa ;s lfØ; jgrh gSAa ,slh ugjksa dk mi;ksx jch dh Qly
vf/kd ik, tkrs gSAa mÙkjh Hkkjr esa iatkc ls fcgkj rd ds fy, fo'ks"k ugha gksrh D;ksfa d uoacj&fnlacj esa buesa
xaxk ds eSnku esa dq,a lcls vf/kd ik, tkrs gSAa iwohZ ikuh ugha gksrkA vfuR;okgh ugjsa iatkc esa lryqt unh
jktLFkku] xqtjkr] vka/kz izn's k] dukZVd] egkjk"Vª] e/; izn's k
ls fudkyh xbZ gSAa
,oa rfeyukMq esa Hkh dq,a feyrs gSAa xqtjkr esa dqvksa vkSj
uydwiksa }kjk yxHkx 87 izfr'kr flafpr {ks= dh flapkbZ (II) fuR;okgh ugjsa % fuR;okgh ugjsa fgekPNkfnr {ks=ksa ls
gksrh gSa blds ckn iatkc] mÙkj izn's k] jktLFkku] e/; izn's k] fudyus okyh lnk okfguh ufn;ksa ls cka/k cukdj
fcgkj] egkjk"Vª vkSj rfeyukMq jkT;ksa dk LFkku gS tgk¡ buls fudkyh tkrh gSAa Hkkjr esa vf/kdka'k ugjsa fuR;okgh gSAa
dkQh vf/kd 'kq) flapkbZ {ks= lhapk tkrk gSa dqvksa ls ikuh mÙkj izn's k] iatkc] gfj;k.kk] jktLFkku ,oa fcgkj esa ,slh
pkj rjg ls fudkyk tkrk gS& mÙkksyd fof/k ¼fcgkj] vka/kz dbZ ugjsa gSAa izk;}hih; {ks= esa ugjksa dk fodkl ufn;ksa
izn's k½] vkur ry fof/k ¼mÙkj izn's k½] jgV fof/k ¼iatkc] dh fupyh ?kkfV;ksa ,oa MsYVk Hkkx esa ik;k tkrk gSA ns'k
jktLFkku½ ,oa 'kfDr lapkfyr iai ¼uydwi½ }kjk ftlesa 15 esa 60 izfr'kr ls vf/kd ugjsa flafpr {ks= mÙkj izn's k]
ehVj ls vf/kd xgjkbZ ls ikuh fudkyk tkrk gSA vka/kz izn's k] gfj;k.kk] jktLFkku] fcgkj] e/; izn's k ,oa
% esa dqvk¡ flafpr 'kh"kZ ik¡p jkT;
iatkc jkT;ksa esa fLFkr gSAa blds vykok 27 izfr'kr ls
• izFke xksok (73.9%) vf/kd ugjsa egkjk"Vª] dukZVd] mM+hlk] rfeyukMq o
egkjk"Vª 64.6% NÙkhlx<+ jkT;ksa esa ikbZ tkrh gSAa
• f}rh;
• r`rh; jktLFkku (54.1%) 'kh"kZ ik¡p ugj flafpr jkT;
• prqFkZ xqtjkr (50.9%) • izFke mÙkj izn's k
• iape rfeyukMq (41.5%) • f}rh; jktLFkku
• r`rh; vkU/kz izn's k
• prqFkZ ia
tkc
uydwi % • iape dukZVd
ns'k esa vkt flapkbZ dk lcls yksd fiz; lk/ku
uydwi gSA bldh 'kq #vkr 1930 esa gqbZ FkhA Hkkjr esa
uydwi ljdkjh vkS j futh {ks= esa feyrs gS a ftudh ns'k dh izeq[k ugjsa
la[ ;k 45 yk[k ls Hkh vf/kd gks xbZ gSA buds }kjk jkT; ugj fdl unh ls
vf/kd xgjkbZ ls tyd"kZ.k fd;k tkrk gS A mÙkj iz ns'k fudkyh x;h
esa bu uydwiksa dh la[ ;k lcls vf/kd gSA ;gk¡ vf/kdka'k gS
uydwi futh {ks= esa gSA ;s uydwi ?kk?kjk unh ds mÙkj iatkc 1- ljfgUn ugj lryt unh
,oa nf{k.k esa lcls vf/kd dsUnzhHkwr gSaA gfjr Økaf r dh 2- Åjh ckjh nksvkc ugj jkoh unh
lQyrk esa uydwi dk vge ;ksxnku jgk gS A mÙkjh 3- ukaxy cka/k ugj lryt unh
Hkkjr esa vf/kdka'k uydwi ik, tkrs gS a ogha nf{k.kh Hkkjr 4- fcLr nksvkc ugj lryt unh
esa iFkjhys /kjkry ds dkj.k uydwiksa dk izpyu de gSA 5- Hkk[kM+k ugj lryt unh
dqvksa vkS j uydwi }kjk yxHkx 36 fefy;u gsD Vs;j 'kq) 6- iwohZ ugj jkoh unh
Ñf"k {ks= dh flapkbZ dh tkrh gSA gfj;k.kk 1- if'peh ;equk ugj ;equk unh
2- xqMx+ k¡o ugj ;equk unh
'kh"kZ ik¡p uydwi flafpr jkT; mÙkj izn's k 1- if'peh ;equk ugj ;equk unh
• izFke mÙkj izn's k ,oa 2- vkxjk ugj ;equk unh
• f}rh; iatkc mÙkjkapy 3- Åijh xaxk ugj xaxk unh
• r`rh; fcgkj ¼gfj}kj ds
• prqFkZ jktLFkku lehi½
vkU/kzizn's k 4- fupyh xaxk ugj xaxk unh
• iape
¼ujkSjk]
cqyUn'kgj½
ugjsa % 5- 'kkjnk ugj 'kkjnk unh
Hkkjr esa ugj flapkbZ ds lk/kuksa esa nwl jk egRoiw.kZ 6- csrok ugj csrok unh
lk/ku gSA blesa yxHkx 28 izf r'kr 'kq) flaf pr {ks= ¼>kalh ds
vkrk gSA fo'o dk lcls cM=k ugjksa dk usVodZ Hkkjr lehi ifjPNk
esa gS ftldh yackbZ 1 yk[kfdeh- ls Hkh vf/kd gSA ugjsa uked LFkku
nks rjg dh gksrh gS a& ls½
{tgk¡ lsysD'ku ,d ftn gS-} lehj Iyktk] eueksgu ikdZ] dVjk] ckale.Mh ds lkeus] bykgkckn (32)
Qksu ua- % 0532-3266722] 9956971111] 9235581475
DOWNLOAD MORE PDF FOR GOVERNMENT EXAM CLICK HERE >>> https://pdfexam.com/
DOWNLOAD MORE PDF FOR GOVERNMENT EXAM CLICK HERE >>> https://pdfexam.com/
{tgk¡ lsysD'ku ,d ftn gS-} lehj Iyktk] eueksgu ikdZ] dVjk] ckale.Mh ds lkeus] bykgkckn (33)
Qksu ua- % 0532-3266722] 9956971111] 9235581475
DOWNLOAD MORE PDF FOR GOVERNMENT EXAM CLICK HERE >>> https://pdfexam.com/
DOWNLOAD MORE PDF FOR GOVERNMENT EXAM CLICK HERE >>> https://pdfexam.com/
fjgUn cka/k ifj;kstuk % ;g mÙkj izn's k dh lcls cM+h bafnjk xka/kh ugj ifj;kstuk % bafnjk xka/kh ugj
cgq&mís'kh; ifj;kstuk gSA blds vUrxZr lksu dh lgk;d ifj;kstuk fo'o dh lcls cM+h flapkbZ ifj;kstuk gS ftlls
fjgUn unh ij fiijh xkao ds ikl ,d 934 eh- yack vkSj 91 jktLFkku ds 'kq"d vkSj v)Z 'kq"d {ks=ksa dh vkFkZO;oLFkk dks
u;k :i fn;k tk;sxkA blds fy, O;kl unh ij cus cka/k ls
eh- Å¡pk daØhV dk cka/k cuk;k x;k gSA blds }kjk ty dks ty fn;k tk jgk gSA blds vUrxZr lryqr&O;kl laxe ds
xksfoUn cYyHk iUr lkxj tyk'k; esa laxzghr fd;k x;k gSA lehi fLFkr gjsd cjkt ls jktLFkku QhMj ugj] jktLFkku
cka/k ds Hkhrjh Hkkx ds fujh{k.k vkSj lQkbZ d fy, fufeZr eq[; ugj vkSj jtcgkvksa dk fuekZ.k fd;k tk jgk gS ftlds
pkj lqjx a sa bldh eq[; fo'ks"krk gSA bl ifj;kstuk esa dqy iwjk gksus ls jktLFkku ds xaxk uxj] chdkusj vkSj tSlyesj
37-5 djksM+ #i;s [kpZ gq, gSAa cka/k ds uhps vkscjk esa ,d ftyksa dh yxHkx 12-58 yk[k gs- Hkwfe dh flapkbZ gks ldsxhA
300 esxkokV {kerk dk fo|qr x`g LFkkfir fd;k x;k gSA ;g bldk fuekZ.k dk;Z nks pj.kksa esa iwjk fd;k tk jgk gSA ;g
fctyh mÙkj izn's k ikoj fxzM dks nh tkrh gS ftlls iwohZ ,d egRokdka{kh ifj;kstuk gS ftlds }kjk flapkbZ ls u
dsoy 9-50 yk[k Vu vfrfjDr [kk|kUuksa dk mRiknu gks
mÙkj izn's k dk iwoZ esa cfy;k ls if'pe esa cgjkbp vksj
ldsxk oju~ O;kolkf;d Qlyksa dh Ñf"k] Msjh] eRL; ikyu]
dkuiqj rd {ks= ykHkkfUor gksrk gSA HksM+ ikyu] vkS|ksfxdj.k vkfn dks izkRs lkgu feysxkA
pEcy ifj;kstuk % ;equk dh lgk;d pEcy ,d ekSleh ueZnk ?kkVh ifj;kstuk % ueZnk Hkkjr dk ikapoha lcls
unh gS tks e`nk vijnu vkSj vlE; {ks=ksa ds fy, izfl) gSA cM+h unh gSA bldh ty lalk/ku laHkkO;rk lryqt] jkoh ,oa
pEcy ifj;kstuk jktLFkku vkSj e/; izn's k jkT;ksa dk la;qDr C;kl dh lfEefyr lEHkkO;rk ls c<+dj gSA loZiFz ke lu~
miØe gSA bldk mís'; {ks= dh flapkbZ] fo|qr mRiknu] 1945&46 esa ueZnk csflu esa flapkbZ] fo|qr mRiknu vkSj ck<+
e`nk laj{k.k vkSj vkfFkZd fodkl gsrq unh ty dk mi;ksx fu;a=.k gsrq ,d foLr`r dk;Z ;kstuk rS;kj gqbZ Fkh ftlds
djuk gSA rgr 1961 esa dk;Z 'kq: fd;k x;kA bl ifj;kstuk ds
vUrxZr ueZnk unh ij vusd cka/k cuk;s tk;sx a s ftuesa
ghjkdqM a ifj;kstuk % bl ifj;kstuk dk mís'; egkunh ljnkj ljksoj ¼xqtjkr½ vkSj ueZnk lkxj ¼e/; izn's k½ cka/k
ij ghjkdqM a ] fVdjikM+k vkSj ujkt ds ikl rhu cka/kksa dk izeq[k gSAa ifj;kstuk ls yxHkx 19-32 yk[k gsDVs;j flapkbZ
fuekZ.k dj 10 yk[k gs- {ks= dh flapkbZ] 270-2 esxkokV {kerk ds lkFk 3000 esxkokV fo|qr mRiknu gks ldsxkA
fctyh dk mRiknu vkSj NÙkhlx<+ dh lhek ds lgkjs ia- fVgjh cka/k ifj;kstuk % bl cka/k dk fuekZ.k HkkxhjFkh
caxky rd 561 fdeh- yEcs vkSj 3 eh- xgjs tyekxZ dk unh ij HkkxhjFkh vkSj fHkykaxuk ds laxe ds uhps mÙkjk[kaM
fuekZ.k djkuk gSA ;g dk;Z nks pj.kksa esa dqy 97 djksM= #- ds fVgjh ftys esa fd;k tk jgk gSA bldk eq[; mís';
dh ykxr iwjk fd;k x;k gSA HkkxhjFkh vkSj fHkykaxuk ds ck<+ ds ty dk laxzg dj]
flapkbZ] ck<+ fu;a=.k] fo|qr mRiknu vkSj i;ZVu dks c<+kok
rqx
a Hknzk ifj;kstuk % rqx
a Hknzk Ñ".kk unh dh ,d lgk;d
nsuk gSA bl ifj;kstuk ds fuekZ.k gsrq :l }kjk rduhdh
unh gS tks fpdexywj ds fudV lákfnz igkfM+;ksa ls vkSj foÙkh; lgk;rk yh tk jgh gSA
fudydj dukZVd ds f'keksxk] /kkjokM+] csYyksjh vkSj jk;pwj bl ifj;kstuk dh LohÑfr 1972 esa ;kstuk vk;ksx }kjk nh
ftyksa ls xqtjrh gqbZ dquwZy ds ikl Ñ".kk ls feyrh gSA xbZ ftlds ckn mÙkj izn's k ds flapkbZ foHkkx }kjk bldk fuekZ.k
bldh ?kkVh ds Åijh Hkkx esa 425 lseh- ijarq fupys Hkkx esa dk;Z 5 vizy S ] 1978 ls 'kq: fd;k x;kA blds fy, ,d fVgjh ty
yxHkx 50 lseh- o"kkZ gksrh gS ftlls ;s {ks= Øe'k% ck<+ vkSj fo|qr fodkl fuxe dh LFkkiuk dh xbZ gS fVgjh cka/k ns'k dk
lw[kk ls izHkkfor jgrs gSAa ;g dukZVd vkSj vka/kz izn's k jkT;ksa lcls Å¡pk ¼260-5 eh-½ cka/k gksxk ftlls fufeZr tyk'k; 467 oxZ
dk la;qDr miØe gS ftlds rgr flapkbZ] ty fo|qr fdeh- {ks= ¼fVgjh 'kgj lfgr 172 xkao tyeXu] 125000 yksx
foLFkkfir½ ij foLr`r gksxk ftlesa 345 fefy;u ?ku ehVj ty
mRiknu] ck<+ fu;a=.k vkSj lw[kk fuokj.k gsrq rqx a Hknzk ds ty
laxgz dh {kerk gksxhA ifj;kstuk ls if'peh mÙkj izn's k ,oa
ds mi;ksx dh ;kstuk cukbZ xbZ gSA mÙkjk[kaM dk 270000 gs- {ks= flafpr gksxk] fnYyh uxj dks 300
ukxktqZu lkxj ifj;kstuk % blds vurxZr uUnh D;weDs l is; ty dh vkiwfrZ gksxhA
dks.Mk ds ikl Ñ".kk unh ij ,d cka/k cuk;k x;kgSa ftlls fVgjh cka/k ifj;kstuk ds fojks/k ds eq[; dkj.k bldh
fudkyh xbZ tokgj vkSj yky cgknqj 'kkL=h ugjksa ls HkwdEi izo.k {ks= esa fLFkfr] i;kZoj.k dks {kfr vkSj yksxksa ds
[kEee] i- xksnkojh] xq.Vwj] dquy wZ vkSj usYykSj ftyksa dh dqy foLFkkiu ls tqM+s gSAa blds vxz.kh fpidks vkanksyu ds iz.ksrk
8-95 yk[k gs- Hkwfe dh flapkbZ dh tk jgh gSA cka/k ds ikl iz[;kr i;kZoj.k lqUnj yky cgqxq.kk gSA
cus 'kfDrx`g ls 210 esxkokV fctyh dk mRiknu fd;k tk T.I. Highlights
jgk gS ftls egcwc uxj] uyxksM a k] gSnjkckn] fot;okM=k ifj;kstuk lEcU/k unh
vkSj [kEee ds lehi ds m|ksxksa esa fd;k tk jgk gSA &
• ladks'k ifj;kstuk Hkkjr&HkwVku
e;wjk{kh ifj;kstuk % e;wjk{kh gqxyh dh lgk;d unh gS
• pq[kk ifj;kstuk Hkkjr&HkwVku okaXpw
tks NksVk ukxiqj iBkj ls fudyrh gSA bl ifj;kstuk dk
mís'; flapkbZ] fo|qr mRiknu vkSj ck<+ rFkk vijnu fu;a=.k • iap's oj ifj;kstuk Hkkjr&usiky egkdkyh
gSA blesa e;wjk{kh unh ij fryikM+k ds ikl dukMk cka/k] nks • Vudiqj ifj;kstuk Hkkjr&usiky egkdkyh
flapkbZ ugjksa vkSj ,d 'kfDr x`g dk fuekZ.k fd;k x;k gS • dkslh ifj;kstuk fcgkj&usiky dkslh
ftlls i- caxky ¼eqf'kZnkckn ,oa chjHkwe½ vkSj >kj[kaM • 'kkjnk cSjkt Hkkjr&usiky dkyhunh
¼laFkky ijxuk½ ds {ks= ykHkkfUor gks jgs gSAa HkwVku ckaXpw
• rkyk ifj;kstuk
{tgk¡ lsysD'ku ,d ftn gS-} lehj Iyktk] eueksgu ikdZ] dVjk] ckale.Mh ds lkeus] bykgkckn (34)
Qksu ua- % 0532-3266722] 9956971111] 9235581475
DOWNLOAD MORE PDF FOR GOVERNMENT EXAM CLICK HERE >>> https://pdfexam.com/
DOWNLOAD MORE PDF FOR GOVERNMENT EXAM CLICK HERE >>> https://pdfexam.com/
fo'o tula[;k fnol & 11 tqykbZA tula[;k ?kuRo 382 O;fDr@oxZ fdeh-
Hkkjr esa fo'o dh dqy tula[;k dk 17.5% fuokl djrh 2001 rFkk 2011 dh vof/k esa tu?kuRo esa 57 O;fDr
gS] tcfd {ks=Qy esa Hkkjr dk fgLlk 2.4% gSA izfr oxZ fdeh- dh o`f) gqbZ gSA
Hkkjr tula[;k esa nwljk rFkk {ks=Qy esa lkrok¡ LFkku lokZf/kd tu?kuRo okys jkT;&
j[krk gSA 1½ fcgkj ¼1102½ 2½ i- caxky ¼1029½
fo'o dk gj NBk O;fDr Hkkjrh; gSA
ns'k esa izFke tux.kuk 1872 esa ykMZ es;ks ds le; gqbZ FkhA 3½ dsjy ¼859½ 4½ mÙkj izn's k ¼828½
okLrfod :i ls Hkkjr esa lu~ 1881 ls izR;sd nl o"kZ ds U;wure tu ?kuRo okys jkT;&
vUrjky ij fu;fer :i ls tux.kuk ykMZ fjiu ds 1½ v#.kkpy izn's k ¼17½ 2½ fetksje ¼52½
le; ls djkbZ tk jgh gSA
1921 dks tula[;k bfrgkl esa egku foHkktd o"kZ dgk 3½ flfDde ¼86½ 4½ ef.kiqj ¼119½
tkrk gSA D;ksfa d 1921 ds i'pkr gh ns'k dh tula[;k lokZf/kd tu?kuRo okys dsUnz'kkflr izn's k&
esa rhoz xfr ls o`f) izkjEHk gqbZA 1½ fnYyh ¼11297½ 2½ p.Mhx<+ ¼9252½
Hkkjr dh tula[;k esa lokZf/kd o`f) 1961&71 ds n'kd
esa 24.80% gqbZ rFkk uxjh; tula[;k esa 1971&1981 ds 3½ ikf.Mpsjh ¼2598½ 4½ neu ,oa }ho (2169)
n'kd esAa U;wure tu?kuRo okys dsUnz'kkflr izn's k&
Hkkjr esa izfr o"kZ bruh tula[;k c<+ tkrh gSA ftruh 1½ v0fu0}h0l0 (46) 2½ nknj ,oa gosyh (698)
vkWLVªfs y;k dh dqy tula[;k gSA 3½ neu ,oa }ho (2013)
2011 dh tux.kuk ds vuqlkj Hkkjr dh dqy tula[;k
1210193422 Fkh ftlesa ( fyaxkuqikr (Sex Ratio)
iq#"k & 623724248 (51.53%)]
efgyk & 586469174 (48.46%) fyaxkuqikr 1000@940
Hkkjr dh dqy tula[;k esa xzkeh.k uxjh; tula[;k lokZf/kd fyaxkuqikr okys jkT;&
xzkeh.k & 742]490]639 (72.2%) 1½ dsjy 1084 2½ rfeyukMq 995
uxjh; & 286]119]689 (27.8%)
Hkkjr esa lokZf/kd tula[;k okys jkT; ?kVrs Øe esa& 3½ vkU/kzizn's k 992 4½ NÙkhlx<+ 991
1½ mÙkj izn's k 2½ egkjk"Vª U;wure fyaxkuqikr okys jkT;&
3½ fcgkj 4½ ia0 caxky 1½ gfj;k.kk & 877 2½ tEew d'ehj & 883
U;wure tula[;k okys jkT; c<+rs Øe esa& 3½ flfDde & 889 4½ iatkc & 893
1½ flfDde 2½ fetksje 3½ v#.kkpy izn's k
lokZf/kd tula[;k okys dsUnz 'kkflr izns'k c<+rs Øe esa& lokZf/kd fyaxkuqikr okys dsUnz 'kkflr izn's k&
1½ fnYyh 2½ iqMqpsjh 3½ p.Mhx<+ 1½ ikf.Mpsjh & 1038 2½ y{k}hi & 946
U;wure tula[;k okys dsUnz 'kflr izn's k& 3½ v-fu-}h-l- & 878
1½ y{;}hi U;wure fyaxkuqikr okys dsUnz'kkflr izn's k&
2½ neu vkSj }hi
3½ nknj ,oa uxj gosyh 1½ neu vkSj }ho & 618 2½ nknj o uxj gosyh&775
3½ p.Mhx<+ & 718
n'kdh; o`f) (Dicadal Growth Rate) lokZf/kd f'k'kq fyaxkuqikr okys jkT; ¼0&6 vk;q oxZ½&
tula[;k esa n'kdh; o`f) 17.64% ftles& a 1½ fetksje & 971 2½ es?kky; & 970
tula[;k esa okf"kZd o`f) 1.64%, 1991-2001-1.93% 3½ NÙkhlx<+ & 964 4½ v#.kkpy izn's k & 960
lokZf/kd n'kdh; o`f) okys jkT; ?kVrs Øe esa&
f'k'kq fyaxkuqikr 914 gSA
1½ es?kky; (27.82%) 2½ v#.kkpy izn's k (25.92%)
3½ fcgkj (25.07%) 4½ tEew&d'ehj (23.71%) U;wure f'k'kq fyaxkuqikr okys jkT;&
U;wure n'kdh; o`f) nj okys jkT; c<+rs Øe& 1½ gfj;k.kk ¼830½
1½ ukxkyS.M (–0.47%) 2½ dsjy (4.86%) 2½ iatkc ¼846½
3½ xksok (8.17%) 4½ vkU/kzizn's k (11.10%) 3½ tEew ,oa d'ehj ¼859½
lokZf/kd n'kdh; o`f) nj okys dsUnz 'kkflr izn's k ?kVrs
4½ jktLFkku@egkjk"Vª ¼883½
Øe es& a
1½ nknj ,oa uxj gosyh (55.5%) lokZf/kd f'k'kq fyaxkuqikr okys dsUnz'kkflr izn's k&
2½ neu ,oa }ho (53.54%) 1½ v-u-f}-l- ¼966½
3½ iqMqpsjh (27.72%) 2½ iqMqpsjh ¼965½
4½ fnYyh (20.96%) 3½ nknj ,oa uxj gosyh ¼926½
U;wure n'kdh; o`f) nj okys dsUnz 'kkflr izn's k c<+rs
U;wure f'k'kq fyaxkuqikr okys dsUnz'kkflr izn's k&
Øe esa
1½ y{k}hi (6.23%) 2½ v-fu-}h-l- (6.68%) 1½ fnYyh ¼866½ 2½ p.Mhx<+ ¼867½
3½ p.Mhx<+ (17.1%) 4½ fnYyh (20.96%) 3½ y{k}hi ¼908½
{tgk¡ lsysD'ku ,d ftn gS-} lehj Iyktk] eueksgu ikdZ] dVjk] ckale.Mh ds lkeus] bykgkckn (36)
Qksu ua- % 0532-3266722] 9956971111] 9235581475
DOWNLOAD MORE PDF FOR GOVERNMENT EXAM CLICK HERE >>> https://pdfexam.com/
DOWNLOAD MORE PDF FOR GOVERNMENT EXAM CLICK HERE >>> https://pdfexam.com/
{tgk¡ lsysD'ku ,d ftn gS-} lehj Iyktk] eueksgu ikdZ] dVjk] ckale.Mh ds lkeus] bykgkckn (37)
Qksu ua- % 0532-3266722] 9956971111] 9235581475
DOWNLOAD MORE PDF FOR GOVERNMENT EXAM CLICK HERE >>> https://pdfexam.com/
DOWNLOAD MORE PDF FOR GOVERNMENT EXAM CLICK HERE >>> https://pdfexam.com/
{tgk¡ lsysD'ku ,d ftn gS-} lehj Iyktk] eueksgu ikdZ] dVjk] ckale.Mh ds lkeus] bykgkckn (38)
Qksu ua- % 0532-3266722] 9956971111] 9235581475
DOWNLOAD MORE PDF FOR GOVERNMENT EXAM CLICK HERE >>> https://pdfexam.com/
DOWNLOAD MORE PDF FOR GOVERNMENT EXAM CLICK HERE >>> https://pdfexam.com/
{tgk¡ lsysD'ku ,d ftn gS-} lehj Iyktk] eueksgu ikdZ] dVjk] ckale.Mh ds lkeus] bykgkckn (39)
Qksu ua- % 0532-3266722] 9956971111] 9235581475
DOWNLOAD MORE PDF FOR GOVERNMENT EXAM CLICK HERE >>> https://pdfexam.com/
DOWNLOAD MORE PDF FOR GOVERNMENT EXAM CLICK HERE >>> https://pdfexam.com/
{tgk¡ lsysD'ku ,d ftn gS-} lehj Iyktk] eueksgu ikdZ] dVjk] ckale.Mh ds lkeus] bykgkckn (40)
Qksu ua- % 0532-3266722] 9956971111] 9235581475
DOWNLOAD MORE PDF FOR GOVERNMENT EXAM CLICK HERE >>> https://pdfexam.com/
DOWNLOAD MORE PDF FOR GOVERNMENT EXAM CLICK HERE >>> https://pdfexam.com/
iwoksZÙkj jkT;ksa esa jsyekxZ foLrkj • jsy bafM;k VsDuhdy ,aM bdksukWfed lfoZlt s fyfeVsM
jkT; jys ekxZ ya- fdeh-
fdeh- ¼jkbV~l½ % ;g Hkkjr rFkk fons'kksa esa ifjogu lac/a kh
• vle 2516 ijke'kZ nsus okyh izeq[k laLFkk gSA
• f=iqjk 45 • bafM;u jsyos daLVªD'ku fyfeVsM ¼bjdku½ % ;g Hkkjr
• ukxkyS.M 13 rFkkfons'kksa esa jsy ifj;kstukvksa dks pkyw vk/kkj ij
• fetksje 02
cukdj nsus dk dk;Z djrh gSA
• bafM;u jsyos Qkbusal dkWjiksj's ku % ;g lkoZtfud _.kksa ds
• v#.kkpy izn's k 01
tfj, /ku bdV~Bk djrk gSA nloha iapo"khZ; ;kstuk esa jsyos
• ef.kiqj 01 dh iqjkuh ykbuksa dks cnyus] u;s iqy cukus] fHkM+arjks/kh
• es?kky; dksbZ jsyekxZ ugha midj.k rFkk j{kk dop yxkus vkfn ij fo'ks"k cy fn;k
tk jgk gSA blds vykok o"kZ 1988 esa xfBr [kUuk lfefr
izeq[k jsyxkfM+;k¡ o Ldhe }kjk izLrqr fjiksVZ ds vuq:i 17000 djksM+ #i;s dk ^jsyos
• nqjarks Vªus % Hkkjrh; jsyos us ubZ Js.kh dh ;k=h okgd lqj{kk dks"k* LFkkfir fd;k x;k gSA
Vªus ^nqjarks* Vªus flracj] 2009 esa 'kq: dh gSA ;g ukEu fotu&2020] 2009 esa iz L rq r djrs gq , jsy ea =h
LVkWi lqijQkLV ;k=h okgd Vªus gS tks ;kf=;ksa dks eerk cuthZ us Li"V fd;k fd 1999&2001 es a tc og
csgrj j¶rkj] vkjke o lqj{kkiznku djrh gSA igyh js yea =h Fkha rc Hkkjrh; js yekxZ yac kbZ dh n` f "V ls
nqjarksa 7 flracj] 2009 dks fl;kyng&ubZ fnYyh ds fo'o esa ,dy iz c a /ku ds va rxZ r jf'k;u js yos ds ckn
chp vkjaHk gqbAZ 2010&11 ds ctV esa dqN nqjarksa lcls cM+k js y us VodZ Fkk( vc ;g f[klddj rhljs
xkfM+;ksa dks fnu esa pykus dk izLrko fd;k x;k gSA LFkku ij vk x;k gS A
• laLÑfr
Ñfr ,Dlizsl % bZikj ckaXyk] vksikj ckaXyk ¼dfoxq: jk"Vªh; jsy fodkl ;kstuk %
jfoUnzukFk VSxksj ds 150osa tueksRlo ds volj ij½ tuojh] 2003 esa jsyos usVodZ dks lqn`<+ cukus ds fy,
• ekr`Hkwfe xkfM+;k¡ ¼21½ % efgyk Lis'ky xkfM+;k¡A jsy fodkl fuxe dh LFkkiuk dh x;hA 15]000 djksM+ #i;s
dkedkth efgykvksa ds fy, dksydkrk] psUubZ] ubZ dh bl egRokdka{kh ifj;kstuk ds rgr fuEufyf[kr rhu
fnyyh vkSj eqca bZ tSls izeq[k 'kgjksa esAa ifj;kstuk,a 'kkfey gS& a
• deZHkwfe xkfM+;k¡ % vke yksxksa ds fy, vukjf{kr xkfM+;k¡ 1- Lof.kZe prqHkqZt ifj;kstuk % blds rgr pkj egkuxjksa
• tUe Hkwfe xkfM+;k¡ % lSfudksa dks lqfo/kk miyc/k djkus ds fnYyh] dksydkrk] eqca bZ o psébZ dks tksMu+ s okyh gkbZ
fy, vgenkckn ls Å/keiqj ds chp lkIrkfgd Vªsu lsokA MSfUlVh jsy ekxksZa dks lqn`<+ fd;k tk,xkA blds rgr
• esew vkSj Msew ijaijkxr iSlt sa j xkfM+;ksa ds lekuA jsy ekxksZa dk nksgjhdj.k] ekydkfM+;ksa dh xfr dks
• vyqvkckM+h&flyhxqM+h vksj U;w tyikbZxqM=h ds chp c<+kdj 100 fdeh- izfr ?kavk djus rFkk VfeZuyksa o
,d fjax jsy fdLe dh lsokA taD'ku LVs'kuksa ds uohuhdj.k vkfn ds dk;Z Hkh
• jk"VªeM a y [ksyksa ds ipkj ds fy, ^^jk"VªeM a y izn'kZu lEikfnr fd, tk,axAs
xkM+h;**A 2- egklsrq fuekZ.k ifj;kstuk % blds rgr xaxk unh ij nks
• Hkkjr rhFkZ xkfM+;k¡ % Hkkjr esa i;ZVu dks c<+kok nsus gsrq iqyksa ¼iVuk ds fudV nh?kk&lksuiqj ds e/; o nwljk
pyk;h tk,axhA ;s fgeky; ls dU;kdqekjh rd] }kjdk eqx
a sj ,oa [kxfM+;k ds e/; jsy lg&lM+d iqy½] czãiq=
ls foa/;ioZr rd] vtesj 'kjhQ ls xaxklkxj rd vkSj unh ij fMczx w <+ ds fudV cksxhchy ij ,d iqy rFkk
enqjS ls iVuk lkfgc rd] Hkkjr dh ^fofo/krk esa ,drk* pkSFkk dkslh unh ij fueZyh o Hkifr;kgh ds chp iqy ds
dks n`<+ djsx a hA fuekZ.k dh ;kstuk 'kkfey gSA
• ;qok Vªus % ^igyh ;qok Vªus *sa eq[; :i ls csjkstxkj 3- canjxkgksa ls nzqr lEidZ ifj;kstuk % bl ifj;kstuk ds
;qokvksa dks y{; esa j[kdj pykbZ xbZ gSAa ;s rgr fu;kZr O;kikj dks lqn`<+ cukus ds fy, canjxkgksa ls
gkoM+k&fnYyh rFkk gtjr futkeqíhu&ckanzk VfeZuy ds tqM+s jsy ekxksZa dks lqn`<+ fd;k tk,xk rFkk
chp izkjaHk dh xbZ gSA blds ek/;e ls de vk;q vko';drkuqlkj ubZ jsy ykbusa fcNkbZ tk,axhA
¼15&45 o"kZ½ oxZ ds ;qok dq[; 'kgjksa ds chp fuEu njksa Hkkjr esa esVªks izkt s Ds V % Hkkjr esa c<+rh tula[;k]
ij ;k=k dj ldsx a As vR;f/kd HkhM+&HkkM+] okguksa dh c<+rh l?kurk] lM+d
• bTtr Vªus % Hkkjrh; jsyos us ^bTtr* uked ,d ubZ nq?kZVukvksa esa o`f)] bZ/a ku dh [kjkch rFkk i;kZoj.kh; izn"w k.k
;kstuk izkjaHk dh gS ftlesa 25 #- ds ,d leku ewY; dks jksdus dh n`f"V ls futh eksM+ dks grksRlkfgr djus rFkk
dk ekfld lhtu fVdV gksxk vkSj mlesa lHkh vf/kHkkj lkoZtfud ifjogu dks c<+kok nsus ds fy, ;s esVªks izkt s Ds V
'kkfey gksx a As ;s fVdVsa mu O;fDr;ksa dks gh fey ldsx a h izkjaHk fd, x, gSAa
tks vlaxfBr {ks= esa dk;Z dj jgs gSa rFkk ftudh lkefiZr eky ;krk;kr xfy;kjk % lefiZr eky ;krk;kr
ekfld vk; 1500 #- ls vf/kd ugha gSA ;s fVdVsa xfy;kjk ifj;kstuk Hkkjrh; jsyos dh ,d egRokdka{kh ifj;kstuk
1@8@2009 ls tkjh dh tk jgh gSAa gSA o"kZ 2009&10 ds jsy ctV esa jsy ea=h eerk cuthZ us bl
• rstJh iklZy lsok % mPp ewY ; okys rFkk ekxZ LFk ifj;kstuk ^Mk;eaM jsy ifj;kstuk* dk uke fn;kA if'peh
lao snh gYds iklZy VªsfQd dks vkdf"kZr djus ds xfy;kjk mÙkj izn's k] gfj;k.kk] fnYyh] jktLFkku] xqtjkr vkSj
fy,] fnYyh& gkoM+k] fnYyh& vgenkckn@ okih& egkjk"Vª ls gksdj xqtjsxkA if'peh lefizr eky xfy;kjs ds
gkoM+k ds chp ^rst Jh&iklZy lsok* uked izhfe;e izHkko esa fnYyh&eqca bZ vkS|kfxd xfy;kjs dkfodkl fd;k tk jgk
iklZ y ,Dliz sl Vsªusa izk ;ksfxd ifj;kst uk ds :i esa
gS ftlesa vkS|ksfxd gc] jsy iksVZ laidZ] ykftfLVd ikdZ rFkk
izk jaHk dh xbZ gSA esxk ikoj IykaV 'kkfey gSAa
{tgk¡ lsysD'ku ,d ftn gS-} lehj Iyktk] eueksgu ikdZ] dVjk] ckale.Mh ds lkeus] bykgkckn (42)
Qksu ua- % 0532-3266722] 9956971111] 9235581475
DOWNLOAD MORE PDF FOR GOVERNMENT EXAM CLICK HERE >>> https://pdfexam.com/
DOWNLOAD MORE PDF FOR GOVERNMENT EXAM CLICK HERE >>> https://pdfexam.com/
ok;q ifjogu jax dk mM+rk gqvk gal gSA gokbZ tgkt dk jax gkFkh ds
?kjsyw ;krk;kr ds vuqlkj vesfjdk] phu rFkk tkiku ds nkar ds jax dk gSA
i'pkr 43-29 fefy;u ?kjsyw ;kf=;ksa ds lkFk Hkkjr pkSFks varjkZ"Vªh; gokbZ vM~Ms % vle&xqokgkVh] vka/kz
LFkku ij jgk gSA fQygky Hkkjr esa 82 gokbZvM~Mksa ls izn's k&gSnjkckn] dukZVd&caxyksj] dsjy&dksphu]
vuqlfw pr gokbZ lsok,a miyC/k gSAa bafnjk xka/kh varjjk"Vªh; fr#ouariqje] xqtjkr&vgenkckn] xksok&okldks Mh xkek]
gokbZ vM~Mk ubZ fnYyh 15&25 fefy;u ;kf=;ksa dks fu;a=.k rfeyukMq&psUubZ] dks;ca Vqj] iatkc&ve`rlj] if'pe
djus ds ekeys esa fo'o esa pkSFks LFkku ij gSA caxky&dksydkrk] egkjk"Vª&eqca bZ] ukxiqj&iq.ks]
Hkkjr esa ok;q;kuksa dh izk;ksfxd mM+kusa 1911 esa izkjEHk dh jktLFkku&t;iqj] fnYyh bafnjk xka/kh gokbZ vM~MkA
x;h Fkh] ysfdu ok;q ifjogu dh okLrfod 'kq#vkr 1927 esa ukxj foekuu %
^ukxfjd mM~M;u foHkkx* dh LFkkiuk ds lkFk gh gks ik;hA 1929
esa ,Eik,j ,;j lfoZlt s ds ok;q;ku Hkkjr esa mrjs vkSj ;gka ls • iwoksZÙkj {ks= esa flfDde esa isd;kax gokbZ vM~Mk ¼xzhu
;kf=;ksa dks fczVsu] Ýkal vkSj gkyS.M ys x;sA blds ckn ;gka QhYM½ dk fuekZ.k dk;Z izkjaHk gSA
1933 esa bafM;u us'kuy ,;jost fyfeVsM] 1936 esa ,;j lfoZlt s • psrw ¼ukxkyS.M½ rFkk bVkuxj ¼v#.kkpy izn's k½ esa
vkWQ bafM;k fyfeVsM rFkk 1937 esa VkVk ,;jost daiuh dh xzhuQhYM gokbZ vM~Mksa ds fuekZ.k gsrq vuqeksnu fy;k
LFkkiuk gqbAZ /khjs&/khjs ,slh futh daifu;ksa dh la[;k c<+us yxhA tk jgk gSA
Qyrk% 1946 esa hkkjr esa mM+ku ds fy, ykblsal ysuk vfuok;Z • ,;j bafM;k ,oa bafM;u ,;jykbUl ds etZj ¼foy;½ ds
dj fn;k x;k vkSj blds fy, blh o"kZ ok;q ifjogu ykblsUl fy, us'kuy ,fo,'ku daiuh vkWQ bafM;k fyfeVsM
cksMZ dh LFkkiuk dh x;hA ebZ 1953 esa ok;q fuxe vf/kfu;e ¼usfly½ dk fuekZ.k 2007 esa fd;k x;k gSA
ikl djds Hkkjr ljdkj us ok;q ifjogu lsok dk jk"Vªh;dj.k usfly dh lgk;r daifu;ka fuEu gS&
a
dj fn;kA bl vf/kfu;e ds varxZr bafM;u ,;jykbal
1- gksVj dkiksZj's ku vkWQ bafM;k fyfeVsM
dkWjiksj's ku vkSj ,;j bafM;k baVjus'kuy dkWjiksj's ku dh LFkkiuk
dh Hkh O;oLFkk dh x;hA bu nksuksa fuxeksa us vxLr 1953 esa 2- ,;j bafM;k ,;j VªkaliksVZ lfoZl
viuh lsok,a izkjEHk dhA 3- ,;j bafM;k bathfu;fjax lfoZlt
s fyfeVsM
ns'k esa rhljs ifjogu lsok ds :i esa 1981 esa 4- ,;j bafM;k pkVZlZ fyfeVsM
ok;q nwr fyfeVsM dh LFkkiuk dh x;hA m/ku iou gal 5- vkbZ,,y ,;j iksVZ lfoZlt
s fyfeVsM
fyfeVsM dh LFkkiuk 13 vDVwc j] 1985 dks dh x;hA
eqacbZ ] dksydkrk] fnYyh vkSj psUubZ ¼vc fr#ouariq je 6- ,;j ykbu ,ykbM lfoZlt
s fyfeVsM
Hkh½ esa varjkZ "Vªh ; gokbZ vM~ Mksa ds fodkl ds fy, Qjojh 7- ok;qnwr fyfeVsM
1972 esa varjkZ "Vªh ; foekuiÙku izkf/kdj.k (International • ,;jiksV~Zl vkWFkkWfjVh vkWQ bafM;k (AAI)– dh LFkkiuk 1
Airport Authority) dh LFkkiuk dh x;hA ds anz ljdkj us vizSy] 1995 esa gqbZA bldk ize[q k dk;Z gokbZ vM~Mksa vkSj
caxykS j ds ikl ^nso ukgkyh* vkSj fcgkj fLFkr x;k esa ukxfjd bUDysOl dh fMtkbu] fodkl dk;kZUo;u ,oa
u;k varjkZ" Vªh ; gokbZ vM~Mk cukus dh eat wjh nh gSA 1 izc/a ku djuk gSA
vizS y] 1994 dks ^ok;q fuxe vf/kdu;e] 1953* dks • Hkkjr ljdkj us 1994 esa ^eq¶r vkdk'k uhfr* (open sky
fujLr dj fn;k x;k] ftlls vc vuq lwf pr gokbZ policy) Lohdkj dh ftlls foekuu {ks= esa futh fuos'k
;krk;kr lsokvksa ij ls ,;j baf M;k vkSj ok;q nwr dk dk izkjaHk gqvkA dqN izeq[k futh foekuu daifu;ka bl
,dkf/kdkj lekIr gks x;k gSA izdkj gSa %
,;j bafM;k % Hkkjr dh lkoZtfud {ks= dh foekuu ► MsDdu ,;jost
s ]
daifu;ksa ,;j bafM;k o baf M;u ,;j ykbal dk foy; gks ► iSjkekmUV ,;jost]
x;k gSA bu dai fu;ksa ds foy; ds ukxfjd mM~M ;u
► fdaxfQ'kj ,;jykbal]
foHkkx ds iz Lrko dks mPpLrjh; eaf =eaMyh; lewg us 21
Qjojh] 2007 dks vuq eksf nr dj fn;kA bls eaf =eaM y dh ► ,;j lgkjk]
eatwjh 31 ekpZ ] 2007 dks izkIr gqbZA ,;j bafM;k o ► tsV ,;jost (Market share = 25%),
bafM;u ,;jykbal ds foy; ds i'pkr~ czk aM dk u;k
► bafMxks]
uke ,;j bafM;k j[kk x;k gSA bldk 'kqHkad j egkjktk
► xks ,;j ,;j ykbal]
,oa u;h bdkbZ dk uke us'kuy ,;jykbu j[kk x;k gSA
u;s ,;jykbu dk ^yksxks* ukjaxh dks.kkdZ pØ ;q Dr yky ► Likbl tsV
• lgh lqefs yr gSa • ^f'kokfyd* 'kSy lewg ds nf{k.k esa Hkkcj {ks= mnkgj.k
lwph&I lwph&II gS &fxfjin dh fLFkfr dk
¼lkxj iqfyu½
yu½ ¼jkT;½ • fgeky; dk ioZr inh; izn's k gS &f'kokfyd
nh?kk & if'pe caxky • fgeky; ds fgeunksa ds fi?kyus dh xfr
xksikyiqj & vksfM'kk &lcls vf/kd gS
dykaxqV & xksok • f'kokfyd Js.kh dk fuekZ.k gqvk
ejhuk & rfeyukMq &lus kstkbd ;qx esa
• Hkkjr fdrus izkÑfrd izn's kksa esa foHkkftr gS \ &4 • ueZnk ,oa rkIrh ufn;ksa ds e/; fLFkr gS
• pkj nf{k.kh jkT; vkU/kz izn's k] dukZVd] dsjy vksj &lriqM+k Jsf.k;ka
rfeyukMq esa ls dkSu lk] lcls vf/kd Hkkjrh; jkT;ksa • Hkkjr ls micU/k iqjkpqEcdh; ifj.kkeksa ls ladsr feyrs
ds lkFk lhekorhZ gS \ gSa fd Hkwrdky esa Hkkjrh; LFkyfiaM ljdk gS
&vka/kz izn's k ,oa dukZVd esa ls izR;sd &mÙkj dks
• fgeky; dh jpuk lekarj oy; Jsf.k;ksa ls gqbZ gS • Hkkjrh; mi egk}hi ewyr% ,d fo'kky Hkw[k.M dk
ftlesa ls izkphure Js.kh gS &o`gr~ fgeky; Js.kh Hkkx Fkk ftls dgrs gSa &xksM
a okukyS.M
• dFku % fgeky;h fefê;ksa esa áwel izpqj ek=k esa ik;k • Hkkjr ds izk;}hih; ioZr fufeZr gq,&iSfy;kstksbd ;qx esa
tkrk gS
• NksVk ukxiqj iBkj &,d vxzxHa khj gS
dkj.k % fgeky; esa lokZf/kd {ks= oukPNkfnr gSA
&dFku xyr fdUrq dkj.k lgh gS • vjkoyh ,oa foa/; Ük`[ a kykvksa ds e/; dkSu lk iBkj
fLFkr gS \ &ekyok dk iBkj
• Hkkjr dk yxHkx 30 izfr'kr {ks= rhu jkT;ksa esa lekfgr
gS ;s rhu jkT; gS &jktLFkku] e/; izn's k ,oa egkjk"Vª • lcls izkphu ioZr Ük`[ a kyk dkSu lh gS \ &vjkoyh
• y?kq fgeky; fLFkr gS • nf{k.k Hkkjr dh lcls Å¡ph pksVh gS \ &vukbeqMh
&f'kokfyd vkSj egku fgeky; ds e/; esa • iwohZ ?kkV ,oa if'peh ?kkV dk feyu LFky gS
• mÙkj Hkkjr esa mi fgeky; {ks= ds lgkjs QSys lery &uhyfxfj
eSnku dks dgk tkrk gS &Hkkcj • vjc lkxj ds ry es]a eqca bZ ls if'pe&nf{k.k if'pe
• ^ekmUV ,ojsLV* dgk¡ gS \ &usiky esa esa yxHkx 455 fdyksehVj nwj] [kksts x;s ,d u;s
1505 ehVj Å¡ps ioZr dk uke j[kk x;k gS
• Hkkjr dh loksZPp ioZr pksVh gS & K2 xkWMfou fou vkWfLVu &jeu lkxj ioZr
• Å¡pkbZ dk lgh Øe gS
• Hkkjr dh dkSu lh ioZr Js.kh dsoy ,d gh jkT; esa
&ekmUV ,ojsLV] xkWMfou vkWfLVu] daputa?kk QSyh gS &vtUrk
• uUnk nsoh pksVh &dqekÅ¡ fgeky; dk Hkkx gS • Hkkjr dh rV js[kk dh yEckbZ gS
• dkSu vDlkbZ fpu dk Hkkx gS \ &yík[k iBkj &eq[;Hkwfe rV js[kk dh yEckbZ 6100 fdeh- fdeh- rFkk
• xq# f'k[kj ioZr pksVh vofLFkr gS &jktLFkku esa lEwi.kZ rV js[kk 7516-
7516-6 fdeh-
fdeh-
• 'ksojk, igkfM+;ka vofLFkr gS &rfeyukMq esa • fdl jkT; dk leqnzh rV lcls vf/kd yEck gS \
• dqYyw ?kkVh ftu ioZr Jsf.k;ksa ds chp vofLFkr gS] os gSa &xqtjkr dk
&/kkS
/kkSyk/kj rFkk ihj iatky • Hkkjr esa fdrus jkT; rVjs[kk ls yxs gSa \ &9
• dksjh fuosf'kdk] ftl ij fLFkr gS] og gS • Hkkjro"kZ ds if'pe rVh; 'kgjksa dk mÙkj ls nf{k.k
&dPN dk ju Øe bl izdkj gS
• ^dsi dkWeksfju* ds uke ls Hkh tkuk tkrk gS &tathjk] fla/kqnqxZ] déwj ,oa ukxjdksby
&dU;kdqekjh dks • egkjk"Vª ,oa dukZVd esa if'peh ?kkV dgykrs gSa
• lqefs yr gS& &lákfnz
&cksefMyk&v#.kkpy izn's k] Hkksj ?kkV&egkjk"Vª] • Hkkjr esa lokZf/kd Å¡pkbZ okyk >juk &dq¡phdy >juk
iky?kkV&ds
iky?kkV&dsjy] Mk¶yk&v#.kkpy izn's k] tksftyk&d'ehj • dkSu if'peh rV ij vofLFkr gS \
• o"kZ 2006 esa dkSu lk ,d] fgeky; njkZ Hkkjr vkSj phu &tathjk ,oa mMqih
ds chp O;kikj c<+kus ds fy, iqu% [kksyk x;k \ • dkMZee igkfM+;ka ftudh lhekvksa ij fLFkr gS] os jkT;
&ukFkqyk gSa &dsjy ,oa rfeyukMq
• fgeky; esa fge js[kk fuEu ds chp gksrh gS \ • flfDde ds lEcU/k esa egRoiw.kZ rF;
&4300 ls 6000 ehVj iwoZ esa &1975 esa ;g Hkkjr dk vfHké vax cu x;k Fkk] bls
• daputa?kk] #UMqu] xaxks=h ,oa dsnkjukFk esa lcls cM+k ouLifr 'kkfL=;ksa dk LoxZ ekuk tkrk gS rFkk blds
fgeun gS &xaxks=h eq[; fuoklh ysIpk] HkksfV;k ,oa usikyh gSAa
{tgk¡ lsysD'ku ,d ftn gS-} lehj Iyktk] eueksgu ikdZ] dVjk] ckale.Mh ds lkeus] bykgkckn (46)
Qksu ua- % 0532-3266722] 9956971111] 9235581475
DOWNLOAD MORE PDF FOR GOVERNMENT EXAM CLICK HERE >>> https://pdfexam.com/
DOWNLOAD MORE PDF FOR GOVERNMENT EXAM CLICK HERE >>> https://pdfexam.com/
• HkksfV;k] [kklh] laFkky ,oa VksMk esa ls dkSu lh • dFku (A) : if'peh ?kkV dh ufn;k¡ MsYVk dk fuekZ.k
tutkfr >wfeax Ñf"k djrh gS \ &[kklh tutkfr ugha djrh gSAa
• Hkkjr dh tutkfr;ka tks cgqifrRo dh izFkk ekurh gS]a dkj.k (R) : os NksVs ekxZ ls rhoz xfr ls dM+h ¼dBksj½
os gSa &tkSulkjh] VksMk pêkuksa ds Åij ls izokfgr gksrh gSA
• izkV s ks&vkWLVªys kW;M ls lEcfU/kr tutkfr gS &laFkky &(A) rFkk (R) nksuksa lgh gSa rFkk (R), (A)
• ^Fkk:* yksxksa dk fuokl dgka gS \ &mÙkj izn's k dk lgh O;k[;k gS
• /kkSyk/kj Js.kh ¼fgekpy izn's k½ {ks= dh izeq[k tutkfr • dFku (A) : ueZnk vius eqgkus ij MsYVk dk fuekZ.k
djrh gSA
& xn~nh
dkj.k (R) : og ,d Hkz'a k ?kkVh esa cgrh gSA
• laFkky fuoklh (Inhabitants) gSa \ &iwohZ Hkkjr ds &(A) xyr gS ijUrq (R) lgh gS
• lqefs yr gS& a • lksu unh dk okLrfod lzksr dgk¡ gS \
Hkhy&xqtjkr tkSulkjh&mÙkjk[k.M &'kgMksy ftys esa vejdaVd ls
Hkhy&jktLFkku ysIpk&flfDde • lgh lqefs yr gSa
jkth&mÙkjk[k.M [kklh&es?kky; lwph&I lwph&II
• _rq&izokl fd;k djrs gSa &HkwfV;k ¼unh½ ¼lgk;d unh½
• cksMks fuoklh gSa &xkjks igkM+h ds xaxk & lksu
• xkjks tutkfr gS &es?kky; dh xksnkojh & eatjk
• Hkkjr dh lcls cM+h tutkfr gS &xksM
a Ñ".kk & Hkhek
• VksMk tutkfr fuoklh gS &uhyfxjh dh igkfM+;ksa dh ;equk & dsu
• ,d tutkfr] tks ljgqy R;ksgkj eukrh gS] og gS • vyduank] dkslh] pEcy ,oa xksnkojh ufn;ksa esa dkSu
&eq.Mk v/;kjksfir unh dk mnkgj.k gS \ &pEcy
• lqefs yr gS
• ladks'k unh fdldh lhek cukrh gS \
&vlkse ,oa if'pe caxky ds chp
fcgw&vlkse vks.ke&dsjy
iksx
a y&rfeyukMq cSlk[kh&iatkc • gaxjh lgk;d unh gS &raxHknzk dh
Hkhy tkfr ik;h tkrh gS &egkjk"Vª] e- e-iz- ,oa jktLFkku esa • lgh lqefs yr gSa
• lgfj;k tutkfr ds yksx] fuoklh gS &jktLFkku ds
f'koleqnze izikr & dkosjh
pqfy;k izikr & pEcy
• fdlh iztkfr dks foyqIr ekuk tk ldrk gS] tc og
vius izkÑfrd vkokl esa ugha ns[kh xbZ gS &50 o"kZ ls tksx izikr & 'kjkorh
/kqvka/kkj izikr & ueZnk
• /kkjikjdj iztkfr dgk¡ ikbZ tkrh gS \
• fpYdk] dksYys:] yksukj ,oa iqyhdV esa ls dkSu nks
&jktLFkku ds lhekorhZ {ks= esa Hkkjrh; jkT;ksa dh lk>snkjh okyh >hy gS \ &iqyhdV
• Hkkjr esa tutkfr;ksa ds fu/kkZj.k dk vk/kkj gS • Hkkjr ds fdl jkT; esa QqYgj >hy fLFkr gS \
&lkaLÑfrd fo'ks"khdj.k vkSj fofHké vkokl &mÙkj izn's k esa
• lqefs yr gS& a • lgh lqefs yr gSa
eksiyk&dsjy eqfj;k&NÙkhlx<+ osEcukn & dsjy
VksMk&rfeyukMq eq.Mk&vksfM'kk yksdVd & ef.kiqj
• 'kksEisu tutkfr ikbZ tkrh gS &fudksckj }hilewg esa My & d'ehj
• Hkkjr ,oa Hkkjrh; miegk}hi esa cksyh tkus okyh iqfydV & vka/kz izn's k rfeyukMq lhek ij
Hkk"kkvksa esa cksyus okyksa dh la[;k ds vk/kkj ij fgUnh • Hkherky] iqyhdV] ÅVh ,oa lkaHkj >hyksa esa ls fdldks
dsa ckn Øe gSa &caxkyh dk vHkh gky esa jk"Vªh; >hy laj{k.k ifj;kstuk ds
viokg rU= vUrxZr lfEefyr fd;k x;k gS \ &Hkherky dks
• xkaxk unh dh ,dek= lgk;d unh ftldk mn~xe • nf{k.k Hkkjr dh ufn;ksa esa lokZf/kd cM+k tyxzg.k {ks=
eSnku esa gS &xkserh gS &xksnkojh dk
• csrok] pEcy] dsu vkSj jkexaxk ufn;ksa esa ls dkSu ,d
• ckaXykns'k esa xaxk unh dks iqdkjk tkrk gS &in~ek
;equk dh lgk;d unh ugha gS \ &jkexaxk • dFku (A) : xaxk cgqr gh iznfw "kr unh gS
• ;equk unh dk mn~xe LFkku gS dkj.k (R) : tks unh ftruh ifo= gksrh gS] og mruh
gh vf/kd iznfw "kr gksrh gS
&cUnjiw¡N igkM+h
&A lgh gS] ijUrq R xyr gS
• xaxk dh tyks<+ e`nk dh xgjkbZ Hkwfe lrg ds uhps • nks jkT;ksa esa igyh ckj nks ufn;ksa dks tksMu
+ s dh
yxHkx &6000 ehVj rd gksrh gS ifj;kstuk ds lEcU/k esa le>kSrs ds Le`fri= ij
• dFku (A) : nkeksnj ?kkVh dkiksZj's ku ds fodkl ds iwoZ gLrk{kj fd, x, gSAa jkT;ksa vkSj ufn;ksa ds uke gSa
nkeksnj unh if'pe caxky esa ^^nq[k dh unh** ekuh &mÙkj izn's k ,oa e/; izn's k&dsu ,oa csrookk
tkeh FkhA • mÙkj izn's k ,oa e/; izn's k jkT;ksa esa la;qDr ^jkt?kkV
dkj.k (R) : nkeksnj vius Åijh Hkkx esa rhozrk ls unh ?kkVh ifj;kstuk* ykxw dh xbZ gS &csrok unh ij
izokfgr gksrh gs ,oa fupys Hkkx esa bldk fgko cgqr • dkSu lh unh ;equk unh ls ugha feyrh gS \ &lksu
/khek gks tkrk gSA • eUnkfduh unh fdl ty izokg vFkok eq[; unh ls
&A vkSj R nksuksa lgh gSa o R, A dk lgh O;k[;k gS lEcfU/kr gS \ &vyduUnk ls
• lgh dFku gS& • Hkkjr dh fdl unh ij fo'o dk lcls Å¡pk iqy
cuk;k tk jgk gS &fpukc ij
&nso iz;ksx vyduank ,oa HkkxhjFkh unh ds laxe ij
fLFkr gS( :nz iz;kx] vyduank ,oa eankfduh unh ds • dsnkjukFk ls :nziz;kx ds e/; cgus okyh unh
laxe ij vofLFkr gS ( vyduank unh cnzhukFk ls cgrh &eUnkfduh
gS rFkk dsnkjukFk vkfn 'kadjkpk;Z }kjk LFkkfir ihB ds • lqefs yr gS
:i esa ugha ekuh tkrh
tkrh gS xksj[kiqj&jkIrh yqf/k;kuk&lryt
tcyiqj&ueZnk lwjr&rkIrh
• Hkkjr dh lcls cM+h okg unh gS &xaxk vgenkckn&lkcjerh gSnjkckn&ewlh
• xaxk unh ds fdukjs lcls cM+k 'kgj gS &dkuiqj ukfld&xksnkojh dksVk&pEcy
• HkkxhjFkh unh fudyrh gS &xkseq[k ls y[kuÅ&xkserh mTtSu&f{kizk
• frCcr esa ekuljksoj >hy ds ikl ftl unh dk lzksr dVd&egkunh vkxjk&;equk
gS] og gS &lryt tyok;q
• ekul unh fdl unh dh miunh gS \ &czãiq= dh • rfeyukMq esa 'kjndkyhu o"kkZ vf/kdka'kr% gksrh gS
&mÙkjh&iwohZ ekulwu ls
• czãiq= unh frCcr esa fdl uke ls tkuh tkrh gS \ • dFku (A) : fgeky; esa HkwL[kyu dh vko`fÙk esa o`f)
&lkaXiks gqbZ gSA
• czãiq= unh dk cgko {ks= gS &frCcr] ckaXykns'k] Hkkjr dkj.k (R) : gky ds o"kksZa esa fgeky; esa cM+s iSekus ij
• ufn;ksa esa ls fduds lzksr fcUnq yxHkx ,d gh gSa \ [kuu dk;Z gqvk gS
&czãiq= vkSj fla/kq ds &(A) vkSj (R) nksuksa lgh gSa rFkk (R), (A) dh lgh
O;k[;k gS
• ueZnk unh dk mn~xe gksrk gS &vejdaVd ls • ns'k ds igys vkink izcU/ku izf'k{k.k laLFkku dh
• dkSulh unh Hkz'a k&nzk.s kh ls gksdj cgrh gS \ &ueZnk LFkkiuk tgka dh tk jgh gS] og gS &ykrwj ¼egkjk"Vª½
• if'pe dh vksj izokfgr gksus okyh ufn;ka gS& a • mÙkjh&iwohZ ekulwu ls lcls vf/kd o"kkZ izkIr djus
&ueZnk ,oa rkIrh okyk jkT; gS &rfeyukMq
• dFku (A) : izk;}hih; Hkkjr dh dsoy nks izeq[k • dFku (A) : Hkkjr ewyr% ,d ekulwuh ns'k gSA
ufn;k¡ gS& a ueZnk ,oa rkIr tks vjc lkxj esa fxjrh gSa dkj.k (R) : mPp fgeky; mls tyok;q lEcU/kh
fof'k"Vrk iznku djrk gSA
dkj.k
dkj. (R) : ;s ufn;ka Hkz'a k&tfur gSa &A vkSj R nksuksa lgh gSa vkSj R, A dk lgh Li"Vhdj.k gS
&A rFkk R nksuksa lgh gS]a rFkk R, A dh lgh O;k[;k • Hkkjr esa ekulwu dk vkxeu gksrk gS &dsjy esa
gS
• lgh dFku gS&
• dkSu lh unh rhu ckj nks /kkjkvksa esa foHkDr gks tkrh &tyok"i fupys ok;qeM a y dh vfr ifjorhZ xSl gS ( 'khr
gS vkSj dqN ehy vkxs tkdj iqu% fey tkrh gS vkSj dfVca/k mHk; xksyk)ksZa esa /kz
/kzqokZeo`Ùk ,oa /kzqoksa ds chp
bl izdkj Jhjaxiêue] f'koleqnze~ vkSj Jhjaxe ds mifLFkr gS rFkk tsV ok;q/kkjk,a vR;f/kd Å¡pkbZ dh gok,a gSa
}hiksa dk fuekZ.k djrh gS \ &dkosjh tks /kjkryh; ekSleh n'kkvksa dks izHkkfor djrh gSa
• dkosjh unh xqtjrh gS &dukZVd ,oa rfeyukMq ls • Hkkjr esa xzh"e dkyhu ekulwu ds izokg dh lkekU;
• lksu] ueZnk rFkk egkunh fudyrh gSa &vejdaVd ls fn'kk gS &nf{k.k&if'pe ls mÙkj&iwoZ
• dkSu lh unh ,Lpqvjh cukrh gS \ • Hkkjr dks m".k dfVca/k vkSj miks".k dfVca/k esa
&ueZnk] rkIrh ,oa ek.Moh foHkktu djus ds vk/kkj ds :i esa ekuh xbZ tuojh
dh lerki js[kk gS &18°C
• ufn;ksa ds ?kkVksa esa fduesa ty dk vHkko gS \ • rfeyukMq esa ekulwu ds lkekU; eghus gSa
&lkcjerh ?kkV ,oa rkIrh ?kkV &uoEcj&fnlEcj
• nkeksnj unh fudyrh gS &NksVk ukxiqj ds iBkj ls • Hkkjrh; ekulwu ekSleh foLFkkiu ls bafxr gS ftldk
• nkskesnj fdldh lgk;d unh gS \ &gqxyh dh dkj.k gS &LFky rFkk leqnz dk foHksnh rkiu
• Hkwfecaf/kr unh gS &ywuh • Hkkjr dh lokZf/kd o"kkZ eq[;r% izkIr gksrh gS \
• dkSu lh unh dk lzksr fgeunksa esa ugha gS \ &dkslh &nf{k.k&if'pe ekulwu ls
{tgk¡ lsysD'ku ,d ftn gS-} lehj Iyktk] eueksgu ikdZ] dVjk] ckale.Mh ds lkeus] bykgkckn (48)
Qksu ua- % 0532-3266722] 9956971111] 9235581475
DOWNLOAD MORE PDF FOR GOVERNMENT EXAM CLICK HERE >>> https://pdfexam.com/
DOWNLOAD MORE PDF FOR GOVERNMENT EXAM CLICK HERE >>> https://pdfexam.com/
• dkSu lk ckny vR;f/kd rhoz o"kkZ ds fy, mÙkjnk;h • feV~Vh esa [kkjkiu ,oa {kkjh;rk dh leL;k dk
gksrk gS \ &o"kkZ&Lrjh (Nimbo-Stratus) lek/kku gSA &[ksrksa esa ftIle
ftIle dk mi;ksx
• Hkkjr esa lcls de o"kkZ okyk LFkku gS &ysg • Hkkjr esa fld {ks= esa e`nk vijnu (Soil Erosion) dh
• Hkkjr ds fdu {ks=ksa esa vkSlr nks lkS feyhehVj o"kkZ leL;k xEHkhj gS \ &f'kokfyd igkfM+;ksa ds ikn {ks= esa
gksrh gS \ &tEew
tEew vkSj d'ehj • Ñ"; Hkwfe esa fdlds ikS/ks mxkus ls Hkwfe dk vijnu
• Hkkjr dk lcls vf/kd ck<+xzLr jkT; gS &fcgkj vf/kdre rhozrk ls gksrk gS \ &lks?kZe ds
• dFku (A) : Hkkjr esa vUrnsZ'kh; ty ekxksZa dk i;kZIr • Hkkjr dk dkSu lk {ks= e`nk vijnu ¼bjkstu½ ls
fodkl ugha gqvk gSA vR;f/kd izHkkfor gS \ &pEcy ?kkVh
dkj.k (R) : Hkkjr ds vf/kdrj Hkkxksa esa o"kkZ lky ds • fdl izdkj dh e`nk dh ty&/kkj.k {kerk lcls de
pkj eghuksa esa gh gksrh gSA gksrh gS \ &cyqbZ nkseV
&A vkSj R nksuksa lgh gSa rFkk R, A dh lghlgh O;k[;k gS • bl feV~Vh dks flapkbZ dh de vko';drk gksrh gS]
• Hkkjr ds mÙkjh eSnkuksa esa 'khr_rq esa o"kkZ gksrh gS D;skfa d og ikuh cpkrh gS &dkyh
&i- fo{kksHkksa ls • fdu dk mi;ksx tSo&moZjrk ds :i esa fd;k tkrk
• Hkkjr esa 'kjndkyhu o"kkZ ds {ks= gSa &iatkc&rfeyukMq gS\ &,tksyk] uhy gfjr 'kSokky y ,oa vYQkYQk
• dFku (A) : Hkkjr ds mÙkjh eSnku esa tkM+ksa esa dqN o"kkZ • Hkkjr esa lcls cM+k feêh dk oxZ gS &dNkjh feêh
gks tkrh gSA • if'peh jktLFkku dh feV~Vh esa fdlh ek=k vf/kd gS \
dkj.k (R) : tkM+s esa mÙkj&iwohZ ekulwu lfØ; gksrh &dSfY'k;e dh
gSA • Qly tks e`nk dks ukbVªkt s u ls Hkjiwj dj nsrh gS
&A rFkk R nksuksa lgh gSa ijUrq R, A dh lgh O;k[;k &eVj
ugha gS • dkSu lk e`nk izk:i yksgs dk vfrjsd gksus ds dkj.k
• psjkiw¡th vofLFkr gS &es?kky; jkT; esa vuqoZj gksrk tk jgk gS \ &ysVsjkbV
• dFku (A) : if'pe rV dh rqyuk esia wohZ rV pØokrksa • dkSu&lh feê pk; ckxkuksa ds fy, mi;qDr gS \
}kjk vf/kd izHkkfor gSA &vEyh;
dkj.k (R) : Hkkjr dk iwohZ rV mÙkj&iwohZ O;kikfjd • xaxk ds eSnku dh iqjkuh dNkjh feV~Vh dgykrh gS
gokvksa dh es[kyk esa iM+rk gSA &ckaxj
&A vkSj R nksuksa lgh gSa ijUrq R, A dh lgh O;k[;k • ikWMtksy gS
ugha gS &dks.k/kkjh ou izn's kksa esa ik;h tkus okyh feêh
• dFku (A) : egkjk"Vª ds dk;uk {ks= ds fudV] Hfo"; • lqefs yr gS&
esa vf/kd HkwdEi izHkkfor gksus dh laHkkouk gSA gfYn;k&i- caxky tkeuxj&xqtjkr
dkj.k (R) : dks;uk cka/k ,d iqjkus Hkz'a k&ry ij uqekyhx<+&vle iukxqMh&rfeyukMq
vofLFkr gS tks dks;uk tyk'k; esa ty&Lrj ds
ifjorZu ds lkFk vf/kd lfØ; gks ldrk gSA • fdl jkT; esa Hkkjr dh lcls cM+h vUrnsZ'kh; yo.kh;
&A rFkk R nksuksa lgh gSa rFkk R, A dh lgh O;k[;k gS vknzZHkwfe gS \ &xqtjkr esa
• lokZf/kd izkÑfrd vkink,a vkrh gSa &vksfM'kk esa izkÑfrd ouLifr
• dkSu lk {ks= mPp rhozrk dh HkwdEih; es[kyk esa ugha • Hkkjr ds dqy HkkSxksfyd {ks= esa l?ku oukoj.k dk
vkrk gSA &dukZVd iBkj izfr'kr gS &yxHkx 12 izfr'kr
feV~Vh • lgh dFku gSa
&e/; izn's k esa lokZf/kd ou{ks= gS ( v#.kkpy izn's k esa
• dFku (A) : dkyh feêh dikl dh Ñf"k ds fy,
lokZ
lokfZ /kd ?kuk ou{ks= gS ( fetksje Hkkjr dk lokZf/kd
mi;qDr gksrh gSa oukPNkfnr jkT; gS ( ,oa gfj;k.kk Hkkjr dk cls de
dkj.k (R) : mlesa ukbVªkt s u rFkk tSo inkFkZ izpqj oukPNkfnr jkT; gS ,oa gfj;k.kk Hkkjr dk lcls de
ek=k esa ik, tkrs gSAa &A lgh gS] ijUrq R xyr gS oukPNkfnr jkT; gS
• Hkkjr esa lokZf/kd {kkjh; {ks= gSa &xqtjkr jkT; esa • Hkkjr ds jkT;ksa dk muds oukPNknu ¼dqy {ks= ds lanHkZ
• Hkkjrh; e`nkvksa esa ftl lw{e rRo dh lokZf/kd deh esa ou {ks= dk izfr'kr½ ds lanHkZ esa vojksgh Øe
gS] og gS &tLrk &ef.kiqj > vksfM'kk > egkjk"Vª > gfj;k.kk
• ekyok iBkj dh izeq[k feêh gS &dkyh feêh • lkxkSu rFkk lky fdlds mRikn gSa \
• ^jsxM+* (Regur) fdldk uke gS \ &dkyh feêh dk &m".k dfVcU/kh; 'kq"d ir>M+h ou ds
• jsxM+ (Regur) feV~Vh lcls T;knk gS &egkjk"Vª esa • vlkse] dsjy] NÙkhlx<+ ,oa i- caxky esa ls fdl jkT;
• dFku (A) : nf{k.kh VªSi dh jsxM+ fefê;ka dkyh gksrh gSa esa fludksuk o`{k ugha mxrk gS \ &NÙkhlx<+ esa
dkj.k (R) : muesa áwel izpqj ek=k esa gksrk gSA • dFku (A) : ,Y;qfefu;e gjh /kkrq gSA
&A lgh gS fdUrq R xyr gS dkj.k
dkj. (R) : og ydM+h dk LFkku ysdj ouksa dks cpkrh
• ykok fefê;ka ikbZ tkrh gSa &ekyok iBkj esa gSA &(A) lgh gS] ijUrq (R) xyr gS
• dikl dh [ksrh ds fy, lcls mi;qDr feêh gS &dkyh • fgekpy izn's k] v#.kkpy izn's k] es?kky; ,oa flfDde esa
• ysVsjkbV fefê;ksa dk izk/kkU; gS&ekykckj rVh; izn's k esa ls fdl jkT; esa dqy {ks=Qy dk lokZf/kd izfr'kr
• ysVsjkbV feêh feyrh gS &egkjk"Vª esa oukPNkfnr gS \ &v#.kkpy izn's k
lehj Iyktk] eueksgu ikdZ] dVjk] ckale.Mh ds lkeus] bykgkckn (49)
Qksu ua- % 0532-3266722] 9956971111] 9235581475
DOWNLOAD MORE PDF FOR GOVERNMENT EXAM CLICK HERE >>> https://pdfexam.com/
DOWNLOAD MORE PDF FOR GOVERNMENT EXAM CLICK HERE >>> https://pdfexam.com/
• lkekftd okfudh esa iz;qDr cgqmís'kh; o`{k dk ,d • dkSu lk o`{k leqnz ry ls lokZf/kd Å¡pkbZ ij ik;k
mnkgj.k gS &[kstjh tkrk gS \ &nsonkj
• yhlk izkIr gksrk gS &phM+ ds o`{k ls • fdl jkT; ds ouksa dk oxhZdj.k v)Z&m".k&dVca/kh;
• Hkkjr esa i- caxky ds ckn eSx a zkso dk nwljk lcls cM+k ds :i esa fd;k tkrk gS \ &e/; izn's k
{ks= ik;k tkrk gS &xqtjkr rV ds lgkjs • fgeky;h ouLifr dh iztkfr ugha gS &egksxuh dh
• Hkkjr esa dkSu lk LFkku eSx a zkso ouLifr ds fy, izfl) • lqefs yr gS&
a
gS\ &lqUnjcu lqUnjcu&if'pe caxky fHkrjdfudk&vksfM'kk
• jkelj lEesyu lacfa /kr Fkk &uo Hkwfe ds laj{k.k ls fipoje&rfeyukMq osEcukM&dsjy
• tSo fofo/krk ds lUnHkZ esa Hkkjr esa dkSu lk {ks= ^gkWV • dFku (A) : vksfM'kk rV Hkkjr esa lokZf/kd
LikWV* ekuk tkrk gS \ pØokr&izo.k {ks= gSA
&if'peh ?kkV] iwohZ fgeky; ,oa E;kaekj&Hkkjr lhek] dkj.k (R) : egkunh MsYVk {ks= esa Hkkjh ek=k esa eSx
a zkso
¼vaMeku fudksckj }hi lewg lfgr½ dk fuoZuhdj.k gqvk gSA
• dkSu lk dkjd tSo fofo/krk ds gzkl ds fy, lokZf/kd &A rFkk R nksuksa lgh gSa rFkk R, A dh lgh O;k[;k gS
egRoiw.kZ dkjd gS \ &izkÑfrd okl dk fouk'k
• thoe.My vkjf{kr ifjj{k.k {ks= gS ikfjfLFkfrdh rFkk i;kZoj.k ,oa izn"w k.k
&vkuqokaf'kd fofHkUurk ds
• Hkkjrh; if{k;ksa xksYMu vksfjvksy] xzVs bafM;u cLVMZ] • Hkkjr esa lokZf/kd tSo&fofo/krk ikbZ tkrh gS
bafM;u QSuVsy fift;u ,oa xzVs bafM;u lucMZ esa &'kkUr ?kkVh esa
dkSu&lh vR;f/kd ladVkiUu fdLe gS \ • Hkkjr ds vf/kdka'k oU; tho lajf{kr {ks= f?kjs gq;s gSa
&xzVs bafM;u cLVMZ &?kus taxyksa ls
• Hkkjr esa mi;qDr ikfjfLFkfrd larqyu cuk, j[kus ds • Hkkjr dh lcls cM+h eNyh gS &Ogsy 'kkdZ
fy, oukPNknu gsrq U;wure laLrqr Hkwfe&{ks= gSa • ekuo&tfur i;kZoj.kh; izn"w k.k dgykrs gSa
&33% &,aFkzkis kstfs ud
• jk"Vªh; ou uhfr esa Hkkjr ds dqy HkkSxksfyd {ks= ds • gfjr x`g izHkko dk vFkZ gS
fdrus izfr'kr ij ou j[kus dk y{; gS \ &,d&frgkbZ &ok;qeM a y esa xzhu gkml xSlksa ds ?kuhdj.k ds dkj.k
• Hkksti= o`{k feyrk gS &fgeky; esa ok;qeM a y ds rkieku dk c<+uk
• Hkkjr ds {ks=Qy esa ouksa dk {ks=Qy fdruk gS • ^^ikfjfLFkfrdh LFkk;h ferO;f;rk gS** & ;g fdl
&23.84% vkUnksyu dk ukjk gS &fpidks vkUnksyu dk
• ou {ks= izfr'kr vf/kdre gS Øe'k% • iykphekM+k tks i;kZoj.k dh vikj {kfr ds dkj.k ppkZ
&fetksje] uxkySM a ] v#.kkpy izn's k] ef.kiqj ,oa esa Fkk] vofLFkr gS &dsjy esa
es?kky; esa • Hkkjr esa ^^jSyh QkWj oSyh** izkxs zke dk vk;kstu fdl ,d
• Hkkjr esa fuoZuhdj.k dk izHkko gS leL;k dks mtkxj djus ds fy, fd;k x;k FkkA
&fgeky; esa ty lzksrksa dk lw[ku ( tSo fofo/krk dh &ueZnk ?kkVh ds foLFkkfirksa ds iquokZl dh leL;k
gkfu rFkk e`nk vijnu • ekSle vuqJo.k ;qfDr lksMkj LFkkfir gS
• if'peh fgeky; dh 'khrks".k isVh (Temperate Zone) esa &dSxk rFkk dyiDde esa
fdl ,d o`{k dk ckgqY; gS \ &nsonkj • dkSu ls i;kZoj.k larqyu ds laj{k.k ls lEcfU/kr gSa \
• dFku (A) : ou uohdj.kh; lalk/ku gSAa 1- ou uhfr] 2- i;kZoj.k ¼lqj{kk½ vf/kfu;e] 1986
dkj.k
dkj. (R) : ;s i;kZoj.k dh xq.koÙkk dks c<+krs gSAa 3- vkS|ksfxd uhfr] 4- f'k{kk uhfr &1 rFkk 2
&A rFkk R nksuksa lgh gSa ij R, A dh lgh O;k[;k • dkSu&lk o`{k i;kZoj.kh; ladV ekuk tkrk gS
ugha gS &;wdfs yfIVl
• fdl ikS/ks esa Qwy ugha gksrs \ &QuZ esa • lqna jcu] eUukj dh [kkM+h] dPN dk j.k ,oa uhyfxfj esa
• o`{kkPNkfnr {ks= lokZf/kd gSa ls dkSu ,d ;wusLdks ds tSoeaMy fup; dh lwph esa ugha
&iwohZ nDdu ¼{ks=Qy es½a @if'peh rV ¼izfr'kr es½a gS \ &dPN dk j.k
• lqefs yr gS&
a • lgh lqefs yr gSa
lkxkSu&e/; Hkkjr nsonkj&fgeky; ds mPp {ks= fleyhiky & vksfM'kk
lqUnjh&lqUnjcu fludksuk&fgeky; dh rjkbZ uksdjsd & es?kky;
• lqefs yr gS&
a fngkax fnckax & v#.kkpy izn's k
m".k dfVca/kh; vknZ i.kZikrh & rjkbZ vxLR;eykbZ & dsjy&rfeyukMq
m".k dfVca/kh; 'kq"d i.kZikrh & e/; xaxk eSnku • dFku (A) : e`nk izn"w k.k vkS|ksfxd izn"w k.k dh vis{kk
vYikbu & v#.kkpy izn's k vf/kd [krjukd gksrk gSA
m".k dfVca/kh; lnkcgkj & lákfnz dkj. (R) : moZjd rFkk dhVuk'kd Hkkstu dh Ük`[a kyk
dkj.k
• yEch tM+ksa vksj uqdhys dkaVksa vFkok 'kwy;qDe >kfM+;ksa esa izo's k djrs gSAa
vkSj y?kq o`{kksa okys vkjf{kr vo#) ou lkekU; :i ls &(A) rFkk (R) nksuksa lgh gSa rFkk (R), dh lgh O;k[;k
ik, tkrs gSa &iwoksZÙkj rfeyukMq esa gS
{tgk¡ lsysD'ku ,d ftn gS-} lehj Iyktk] eueksgu ikdZ] dVjk] ckale.Mh ds lkeus] bykgkckn (50)
Qksu ua- % 0532-3266722] 9956971111] 9235581475
DOWNLOAD MORE PDF FOR GOVERNMENT EXAM CLICK HERE >>> https://pdfexam.com/
DOWNLOAD MORE PDF FOR GOVERNMENT EXAM CLICK HERE >>> https://pdfexam.com/
• Hkkjr ds fdl egkuxj esa okf"kZd izfr O;fDr lokZf/kd • dkUgk] ekul] isp
a ,oa lfjLdk esa ls dkSu lk ck?k
Bksl vif'k"V mRiUu gksrk gS \ &fnYyh esa vkjf{kr {ks= nks jkT;ksa esa foLr`r gS \ &isp
a
• ^jsM MkVk cqd* dk lEcU/k gS • uhyfxjh dh ^^es?k cdfj;ka** ikbZ tkrh gSa
&foyqfIr ds ladV ls xzLr tho tUrqvksksa ls &bjkohdqye jk"Vªh; ikdZ esa
• Hkkjr dk lokZf/kd iznfw "kr uxj gS &vadys'oj • lgh lqefs yr gSa
• i;kZoj.k&vuqdy w miHkksDrk&mRiknksa dks fpfUgr djus lwph&I lwph&II
ds fy, ljdkj us vkjEHk fd;k gS &bdksekdZ ¼vHk;kj.;@jk"Vªh; m|ku½ ¼eq[; lajf{kr oU; i'kq½
• izn"w k.k fu;a=.k ds mís'; ls jk"Vªh; >hy laj{k.k ;kstuk dkthjaxk xSM
a k
ds varxZr ftu 'kgjh {k=ksa esa iM+us okyh tyeXu Hkwfe fxj 'ksj
dks pquk x;k gS] muesa 'kkfey gS lqUnjcu ck?k
&Hkkst ¼e/; izn's k½] lq[kuk ¼paMhx<+½] fipksyk isfj;kj gkFkh
¼jktLFkku½ • fpukj oU; tho fogkj vofLFkr gS &dsjy esa
jk"Vªh; m|ku@vHk;kj.; • rfeyukMq dk i{kh fogkj vofLFkr gS &dkjhfdyh esa
• ikap ekSleksa dk ckx fLFkr gS &egjkSyh ds lehi • ^^oYMZ gsjhVst lkbV** ¼fo'o /kjksgj LFky½ ?kksf"kr gqvk
• taxyh xngksa dk vHk;kj.; dgka gS \ &xqtjkr esa gS &uUnk nsoh tSoe.My fjtoZ
• Hkkjr esa gkFkh ifj;kstuk dh 'kq#vkr dh xbZ Fkh • leLr fo'o esa phrksa dh lokZf/kd vkcknh Hkkjr esa gSA
&Qjojh 1992 esa budh vuqekfur la[;k gS &6000
• ou vuql/a kku laLFkku LFkkfir gS &nsgjknwu esa • ,d lhax okyk xSM a k ik;k tkrk gS
• lgh lqefs yr gSa &if'pe caxky ,oa vlkse esa
lwph&I lwph&II • jktho xk¡/kh jk"Vªh; m|ku vofLFkr gS &dukZVd esa
¼ck?k vkjf{kr {ks=½ ¼jkT;½ • ^Qwyksa dh ?kkVh* vofLFkr gS &mÙkjk[k.M esa
esy?kkV & v#.kkpy izn's k • fdl jkT; esa lkbcsfj;u lkjl s fy;s vkn'kZ izkÑfrd
cqDlk & if'pe caxky fuokl gS \ &jktLFkku esa
idqbZ & egkjk"Vª • ^lkfye vyh jk"Vªh; m|ku* fLFkr gS
egku fgeky;h jk"Vªh; m|ku & dqYyw &tEew o d'ehj esa
jktkth jk"Vªh; m|ku & gfj}kj • Hkkjr dk izFke frryh m|ku dgka ij fLFkr gS \
dsoyknso jk"Vªh; m|ku & Hkjriqj &céj?kêk tSfodh m|ku] caxyq#
ou fogkj jk"Vªh; m|ku & Hkksiky • Hkkjrh; oU; tho laLFkku fLFkr gS &nsgjknwu esa
ekul & vlkse • jkT; ftlesa oU; tho vH;kj.; ¼us'kuy ikdZ vkSj
fleyhiky & vksfM'kk vHk;kj.;½ dh la[;k lokZf/kd gS
• lgh lqefs yr gS &e/; izn's k ,oa v.Meku fudksckj }hi lewg esa ¼9&9
fxj jk"Vªh; m|ku & xqtjkr oU;
oU; thou vH;kj.;½
dkUgk jk"Vªh; m|ku & e/; izn's k • O;k?kz vH;kj.; ugha gS &dkthjaxk
dkthjaxk jk"Vªh; m|ku & vlkse
• cDlk ck?k ifj;kstuk fLFkr gS &if'pe caxky esa
dkcsZV jk"Vªh; m|ku & mÙkjk[kaM
ckanhiqj jk"Vªh; m|ku & dukZVd • fo'o ds oU; tho] Hkkjr esa ik, tkrs gSa &5%
lat; jk"Vªh; m|ku & e/; izn's k • ;wusLdks us vUrjkZ"Vªh; ekU;rk iznku dh gS
• lgh lqefs yr gSa &uhyfxfj] uUnk nsoh] lqUnjcu] eékj dh [kkM+h]
lwph&I lwph&II iape<+h] uksØds ,oa fleyhiky
fleyhiky tSo e.Myksa dks
¼vHk;kj.;½ ¼jkT;½ flapkbZ
xeZ ikuh & vlkse • xr 25 o"kksZa esa uydwi flapkbZ dk lokZf/kd 'kkunkj
ukenQk & v#.kkpy izn's k fodkl gqvk gS &lj;w ikj eSnku esa
ik[ky & vka/kz izn's k • ehBs ikuh dh dYilj ifj;kstuk vofLFkr gS
lfjLdk & jktLFkku &xqtjkr esa
• lqefs yr gSa • eaxye flapkbZ ifj;kstuk gS &dsjy esa
cka/kox<+&e/; izn's k ckanhiqj&dukZVd • Hkkjr esa ekyk ugj ra= dks izLrkfor fd;k Fkk
jksgyk&fgekpy izn's k fxj&xqtjkr &fnu'kksa ts- nLrwj us
• lqefs yr gSa • lkj.k (Saran) flapkbZ ugj fudyrh gS &xaMd ls
uokcxat i{kh&fogkj & méko • bafnjk xka/kh ugj dk mn~xe LFky gS &gfjds cSjkt
vks[kyk i{kh&fogkj & xkft;kckn • jktLFkku ¼bafnjk½ ugj dgk¡ ls fudyrh gS &lryt ls
leliqj i{kh&fogkj & jk;cjsyh
• fo'o dh lcls iqjkuh o fodflr ugj O;oLFkk Hkkjr esa
ikoZrh vjaxk i{kh&fogkj & xksM a k
dkSu lh gS \ &xax ugj
• dkcsZV jk"Vªh; m|ku ty izkIr djrk gS
• lqby unh ifj;kstuk fLFkr gS &fgekpy izn's k esa
&jkexaxk unh ls
• ljnkj ljksoj ls lokZf/kd ykHk feyrk gS &xqtjkr dks
• fgekpy izn's k cka/k vc lryt unh ij cuk;k tk jgk • lgh lqefs yr gS&
a
gS] bl ck¡/k dks cukus dk eq[; mís'; D;k gS Hkznk & dukZVd
&Hkk[kM+k cka/k esa vkus okyh ryNV feêh dks jksduk dyiDde & rfeyukMq
• Hkk[kM+k&ukaxy ,d la;qDr ifj;kstuk gS jk.kkizrki lkxj & jktLFkku
&gfj;k.kk&iatkc&jktLFkku dh ujksjk & mÙkj izn's k
• Hkk[kM+k&ukaxy cka/k cuk;k x;k gS &lryt unh ij rkjkiqj & egkjk"Vª
• ueZnk cpkvks vkUnksyu fdl cka/k dh Å¡pkbZ c<+kus ds • lgh lqefs yr gS& a
fu.kZ; dk fojks/k dj jgk gS &ljnkj ljksoj tokgj lkxj & jktLFkku
• f'koleqnze tyizikr vofLFkr gS &dkosjh unh ij ukxktqZu lkxj & vka/kz izn's k
• rfeyukMq&dukZVd tyfookn lacfa /kr gS &dkosjh ls Hkokuh lkxj & rfeyukMq
f'koleqnze & dukZVd
• dkSu egkjk"Vª] rfeyukMq] vkU/kz izn's k rFkk dukZVd dk xka/kh lkxj & e/; izn's k
la;qDr dk;Z gS \ &rsyqxw xaxk ifj;kstuk nqygLrh & fpukc
• ukxktqZu lkxj cka/k fdl unh ij vk/kkfjr gS \ mdkbZ & rkih
&Ñ".kk ij • rhLrk yks MSe izkt s Ds V&r`rh;] rhLrk unh ij izLrkfor
• ukxktqZu lkxj ifj;kstuk gS &vkU/kz izn's k esa gSA bl izkt s Ds V dk LFky gS
• ghjkdq.M cka/k cuk;k x;k gS &egkunh ij &if'pe caxky esa
• dkSu ls cka/k ueZnk unh ij gS \ • lgh lqefs yr gS& a
&cjxh] vksd
a kjs'oj ,oa bafnjk lkxj fjgUn ifj;kstuk & fjgUn
• dkSu lh ifj;kstuk Hkkjr us HkwVku ds lg;ksx s ls cukbZ jkuh y{ehckbZ ck¡/k ifj;kstuk & csrok
xbZ gS \ &pqDdk cka/k fVgjh cka/k ifj;kstuk & HkkxhjFkh
• cgqmís'kh; unh ?kkVh ifj;kstukvksa dks ^vk/kqfud Hkkjr jke xaxk ifj;kstuk & jke xaxk
ds eafnj* fdlus dgk Fkk \ &tokgj yky usg: us • fdl tyk'k; esa e/; izn's k dk gjlwn dLck tyeXu
• lqefs yr gS& a gqvk \ &bafnjk lkxj
dkosjh&esVwj Ñ".kk&vyeêh • dkSu Hkkjr dk lcls iqjkuk ty&'kfDr mriknu dsUnz
isfj;kj&bMqDdh pacy&xka/kh lkxj gS \ &f'koleqnze
• lqefs yr gS& a • lqefs yr gS&
esVwj&rfeyukMq e;wjk{kh&if'pe caxky QjDdk&if'pe caxky ?kkV izHkk&dukZVd
ukxktqZu lkxj&vkU/kz izn's k ghjkdqM a &vksfM'kk ghjkdqM a &vksfM'kk ddjkikj&xqtjkr
csrok&ekrkVhyk xksnkojh&ikspEikn • rqycqy ifj;kstuk dk lac/a k gS &>sye unh ls
• xka/kh lkxj cka/k fdldk Hkkx gS &pEcy ifj;kstuk dk • lqefs yr gS
• fVgjh cka/k mÙkjk[k.M izn's k esa fufeZr fd;k tk jgk gS fjgUn&mÙkj izn's k & mdkbZ&xqtjkr
&HkkxhjFkh unh ij ghjkdqM a &vksfM'kk & dks;uk&egkjk"Vª
• 'kkjnk lgk;d lekns'k fodkl ifj;kstuk ds eq[; y{; gfYn;k fjQkbujh & if'pe caxky
gSa dqna zes q[k igkfM+;k¡ & dukZVd
&Ñf"k mRiknu c<+kuk] cgq&Qlyh [ksrh }kjk • dkykx<+ cka/k fdl unh ij cuk gqvk gS \
Hkwfe&mi;ksx ds izk:i dks cnyuk rFkk Hkw&izcU/ku dk &jkexaxk ij
lq/kkj • pEcy unh ?kkVh ifj;kstuk ls ykHk izkIr gksrk gS
• dkYiksx a tyfo|qr ifj;kstuk vofLFkr gS &jktLFkku ,oa e/; izn's k dks
&vaMeku o fudksckj }hi lewg esa • rok ifj;kstuk dgka ls lEcfU/kr gS
• Hkkjr esa lcls iqjkuk tyfo|qr LVs'ku gS &gks'kaxkckn ¼e/; izn's k½ ls
&flnzkckx • egkRek xka/kh lsrq fLFkr gS &fcgkj esa
• gfjds cSjkt ¼bfUnjk xk¡/kh ugj dk izeq[k ty lzksr½ • vksda kjs'oj ifj;kstuk] fdl unh ls lEc) gS \
fdu ufn;ksa ds laxe ij gS \ &O;kl vkSj lryt &ueZnk ls
• bafnjk xka/kh ugj ty izkIr djrh gS • cxfygkj iksaoj izkt s Ds V] ftlds fo"k; esa ikfdLrku }kjk
&O;kl] jkoh ,oa,oa lryt ls fo'o cSd a ds le{k fookn mBk;k x;k] Hkkjr }kjk ftl
• lgh lqefs yr gS& a unh ij cuk;k tk jgk gS og gS &fpukc unh
lwph&I lwph&II • riksou vkSj fo".kqx<+ tyfo|qr ifj;kstuk,a vofLFkr gSa
¼ifj;kstuk½ ¼vofLFkfr½ &mÙkjk[k.M esa
Hkk[kM+k & lryt Ñf"k ,oa lac) {ks=
ghjkdq.M & egkunh • Hkkjr esa Ñf"k dks le>k tkrk gS
bMqDdh & isfj;kj &thfodksiktZu dk lk/ku
ukxktqZu lkxj & Ñ".kk
• Hkkjr esa jklk;fud moZjdksa ds nks cM+s miHkksDrk gSa
• egkdkyh laf/k Hkkjr vkSj fdl ns'k ds e/; gS \ &mÙkj izn's k ,oa vka/kz izn's k
&usiky
{tgk¡ lsysD'ku ,d ftn gS-} lehj Iyktk] eueksgu ikdZ] dVjk] ckale.Mh ds lkeus] bykgkckn (52)
Qksu ua- % 0532-3266722] 9956971111] 9235581475
DOWNLOAD MORE PDF FOR GOVERNMENT EXAM CLICK HERE >>> https://pdfexam.com/
DOWNLOAD MORE PDF FOR GOVERNMENT EXAM CLICK HERE >>> https://pdfexam.com/
• yksfc;k] <sp
a k] ewx
a ,oa lubZ esa ubZ lq/kkjh xbZ Ålj • fdl jkT; esa dgok dh [ksrh dk {ks= lokZf/kd ik;k
Hkwfe esa gjh [kkn ds fy, mi;qDr Qly gS &<spa k tkrk gS \ &dukZVd esa
• lUrqfyr moZjd iz;ksx fd, tkrs gSa • o"kZ 2007&08 esa fo'o esa pk; ds mRiknu vkSj miHkksx
&mRiknu c<=kus ds fy;s] [kk| dh xq.koÙkk mUur es]a Hkkjr dk LFkku jgk Fkk &izFke
djus gsrq ,oa Hkwfe dh mRikndrk cuk, j[kus gsrq • dFku (A) : Hkkjr pk; esa egRoiw.kZ fu;kZrd ns'k gS
• dsjy rV] rfeyukMq rV] rsyaxkuk ,oa fonHkZ esa nf{k.kh dkj.k (B) : Hkkjr esp a k; dh ?kjsyw [kir cgqr de gS
Hkkjr esa mPp Ñf"k mRikndrk dk {ks= &rfeyukMq rV &(A) lgh gS] ijUrq (R) xyr gS
• iquHkZj.k ;ksX; HkkSe ty lalk/ku esa lcls lEié jkT; gS • xzhu xksYM D;k gS \ &pk;
&mÙkj izn's k • psuk] Qst.s Mk] >wfeax ,oa feYik esa ls dkSu ,d pyoklh
• Hkkjr esa Bsdns kjh Ñf"k dks ykxw djus esa vxz.kh jkT; gS Ñf"k ugha gS \ &Qst.s Mk
&iatkc • xk; dh tks uLy vf/kd nw/k nsrh gS] og gS &lkfgoky
• Hkkjr esa ladk;Z ¼pkyw½ tksrksa dk lcls cM+k vkSlr • Hkkjr dk og jkT;] tks vukt mRiknu esa vf/kdre
vkdkj gS &jktLFkku esa va'knku djrk gS &mÙkj izn's k
• ^gfjr ØkfUr* ds QyLo:i xsgwa dk izfr ,dM+ mRiknu • Qly dk izdkj ftlesa gok ls u=tu lafpr djus dh
dk fjdkMZ vad Fkk &2000 fdxzk- {kerk gksrh gS &nkysa
• ^uhyh Økafr* lEcfU/kr gS &eRL; ikyu ls • xqtjkr xsg]wa xék] cktjk ,oa ukfj;u esa ls fdl ,d ds
• eSdksjkuh xsgwa lcls mi;qDr fdu ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa gS \ eq[; mRikndksa esa ls ,d gSa \ &cktjk
&vflafpr ifjfLFkfr;ksa ds fy, • nyguh Qlyksa ds mRiknu gsrq dkSu&lk rRo vko';d
• CykLV] fVDdk] MLV ,oa jLV esa ls dkSu lk ,d xsgwa gS \ &dksckYV
dh Qly dk jksx gS &jLV • lgh lqefs yr gS&
• dY;k.k lksuk ,d fdLe gS &xsgwa dh bZjh js'ke & vlkse
• Hkkjr esa dkSu lk jkT; pkoy dk lcls cM+k mRiknd ewx
a k js'ke & vlkse
gS \ &if'pe caxky 'kgrwr js'ke & >kj[kaM
• elwj] vylh] ljlksa ,oa lks;kchu esa ls dkSu&lh ,d Vlj js'ke & >kj[kaM
[kjhQ dh Qly gS &lks;kchu • lgh lqefs yr gS&
• jkT;ksa dk pkoy mRiknu ds lanHkZ esa vkjksgh Øe gS lwph&I lwph&II
&rfeyukMq] iatkc] mÙkj izn's k] vka/kz izn's k] if'pe ¼Qly½ ¼jkT;½
caxky ewx
a Qyh & xqtjkr
• Hkkjr o"kZ esa pkoy dh [ksrh mu {ks=ksa esa gksrh gS tgk¡ ljlksa & jktLFkku
okf"kZd o"kkZ &100 lseh-h- ls vf/kd gS lks;kchu & e/; izn's k
• Hkkjr esa pkoy dh [ksrh ds vUrxZr lokZf/kd {ks= ik;k ukfj;y & dsjy
tkrk gS &mÙkj izn's k esa twV & if'pe caxky
pk; & vlkse
• dikl ds js'ks izkIr gksrs gSa &cht ls jcj & dsjy
• 'kDdj uxj phuh dk ,d izeq[k mRiknd dsUnz gS xUuk & mÙkj izn's k
&vka/kz izn's k esa • izlaLdj.k gsrq vkyw dh lcls vPNh fdLe gS
• Hkkjr dk ^'kDdj dk I;kyk* dgykrk gS &mÙkj izn's k &dqQjh fpIlkSuk&2
• fuEufyf[kr esa ls fdu dkjdksa us mÙkjh Hkkjr ls nf{k.kh • lgh lqefs yr gS&a
Hkkjr esa phuh m|ksx ds LFkkfud LFkkukurj.k esa vjgj & cgkj
lgk;rk dh \ vylh & uhye
1- xUus dk izfr ,dM+ mPprj mRiknu ewx
a Qyh & pUnzk
2- xUus esa 'kdZjk dk vf/kd gksuk elwj & iUr ,y&406
3- isjkbZ dk vf/kd yEck ekSle ljlksa & o#.kk
4- lLrk Je &1] 2 ,oa 3 us • Hkkjr esa twV m|ksx izeq[kr% dsfUnzr gS
• xUus esa iztuu dk dk;Z fd;k tk jgk gS &dks;EcVwj esa &if'pe caxky esa
• Hkkjr esa frygu dk lcls cM+k mRiknd jkT; gS • vjgj dk tUe LFkku gS &Hkkjro"kZ
&e/; izn's k • ykSxa dh [ksrh gksrh gS &dsjy esa
• puk] ljlks]a dikl ,oa xsgwa esa ls jktLFkku fdl oLrq • puk] jktek] eVj ,oa ewx a esa ok;qeMa y ds u=tu dk
dk ns'k esa izeq[k mRiknd gS \ &ljlksa fLFkjhdj.k u djus okyh nyguh Qly gS &jktek
• Hkkjr dks rhu&pkSFkkbZ ls vf/kd dPpk js'ke izkIr gksrk • Hkkjr esa ^rEckdw* ds lcls cM+s mRiknd nks jkT; gSa \
gS &dukZVd ,oa vka/kz izn's k ls &Øe'k% vka/kz izn's k ,oa mÙkj izn's k
• ewxa k js'ke dh ,d ,slh fdLe gS] tks iwjs fo'o esa dsoy • dkSu Qlysa vf/kdka'kr% fuokZgewyd Ñf"k ds vUrxZr
Hkkjr esa gksrh gS &vlkse esa iSnk dh tkrh gS \ &eksVs vukt rFkk pkoy
• Hkkjr esa jcM+ dk lcls cM+k mRiknd gS &dsjy
{tgk¡ lsysD'ku ,d ftn gS-} lehj Iyktk] eueksgu ikdZ] dVjk] ckale.Mh ds lkeus] bykgkckn (54)
Qksu ua- % 0532-3266722] 9956971111] 9235581475
DOWNLOAD MORE PDF FOR GOVERNMENT EXAM CLICK HERE >>> https://pdfexam.com/
DOWNLOAD MORE PDF FOR GOVERNMENT EXAM CLICK HERE >>> https://pdfexam.com/
• Hkkjr esa dkSu lk {ks= dikl dk vf/kdre ek=k esa • dslj dk okf.kfT;d Lrj ij lokZf/kd mRiknu fdl
mRiknu djrk gS \ &mÙkj&if'peh vkSj if'peh Hkkjr jkT; esa gksrk gS \ &tEew vkSj d'ehj esa
• egkjk"Vª esa dkSu lh ,d Qly ^'osr Lo.kZ* ds uke ls • pyoklh Ñf"k igkM+h {ks=ksa dh izeq[k leL;k gS
tkuh tkrh gS \ &dikl &vlkse rFkk >kj[k.M dh
• Hkkjr dk lcls cM+k dikl mRiknd jkT; gS • eDdk dh Qly idus dh vof/k gS &140 fnu
&xqtjkr • ykSx
a izkIr gksrk gS &iq"idyh ls
• Hkkjr esa pkj xék mRiknd jkT;ksa dk ?kVrs gq, • vnjd dk ruk tks feêh esa mxrk gS vkSj [kk| dk
(Decreasing Order) Øe esa lgh vuqØe gS laxzg.k djrk gS] og dgykrk gS &izdna
&mÙkj izn's k] egkjk"Vª] rfeyukMq] dukZVd • fdl ,d dh [ksrh] ikS/k dk izfrjksi.k djds dh tkrh
• xés esa 'kdZjk dh ek=k ?kV tkrh gs] ;fn gS \ &I;kt
&idus dh vof/k esa ikyk fxj tk, • dkSu lk Qly pØ iwohZ mÙkj izn's k ds fy, lokZf/kd
• Hkkjr esa phuh ds izFke rhu vxz.kh mRiknd gSa mi;qDr le>k tkrk gS &/kku&eDdk xsgwa
&egkjk"Vª] mÙkj izn's k] dukZVd • cjkd ?kkVh dh egRoiw.kZ Qly gS &pk;
• Hkkjrh; nygu vuql/a kku laLFkku fLFkr gS &dkuiqj esa • Hkkjrh; Ñf"k esa fuEu mRikndrk dk dkj.k gS
• ^ihr ØkfUr* lacfa /kr gS &frygu mRiknu ls &vko';drk ls vf/kd yksxksa dk Ñf"k dk;ksZa esa yxk
• dkSu vukt ds nkuksa dk mRikn gS \ &vksV uhy jguk] tksr dk NksVk vkdkj ,oa mRiknu dh fiNM+h
• 'kq"d Hkwfe ds fy, lokZf/kd mfpr Qly gS &ew¡xQyh rduhd
• dkSu ,d fryguh Qly gS \ &lw;Zeq[kh • lCth mRiknu esa Hkkjr dk LFkku fo'o esa gS &f}rh;
• lokZf/kd js'ke iSnk djus okyk jkT; gS &dukZVd • yfyr ftldh mér fdLe gS] og gS &ve:n
• ns'k dk vk/ks ls vf/kd mRikfnr pkoy ftu pkj jkT;ksa • lqefs yr gS&
ls izkIr gksrk gS] os gSa rEckdw&vkU/kz izn's k dsyk&xqtjkr
&if'pe caxky] vkU/kz izn's k] mÙkj izn's k vkSj iatkc vkyw&mÙkj izn's k ukfj;y&dsjy
• Hkkjr dk lcls cM+k jcM+ mRiknd jkT; gS &dsjy • ,d ,slk {ks= tgk¡ okf"kZd o"kkZ 200 lseh- ls vf/kd
• Hkkjr ds fdl jkt; esa dgok] jcM+ rFkk rEckdw lHkh gksrh gS vkSj <yko igkM+h LFky gS] [ksrh ds fy,
dh Ñf"k dh tkrh gS \ &dukZVd esa mi;qDr gS &pk; dh
• Hkkjr esa dgok ¼dkWQh½ dk lcls cM+k mRiknd gS • Hkkjr ds ftl jkT; esa mlds {ks=Qy dk vf/kdre
&dukZVd izfr'kr jk"Vªh; m|kuksa ds vUrxZr gS] og gS &flfDde
• dkSu lh udnh Qly ls Hkkjr dks vf/kdre fons'kh
eqnzk fu;kZr ls izkIr gksrh gS \ ¼2010ds vkadM+ksa ds [kfut
vk/kkj ij½ &dPph dikl ls
• lgh dFku gS
• Hkkjr loZJ"s B mRiknd ,oa miHkksDrk gS &nky dk &ykSg v;Ld dk lcls lEiUu Hk.Mkj dukZVd esa
• Hkkjr dk lcls cM+k pk; mRiknd jkT; gS &vlkse ik;k tkrk gS] Hkkjr fo'o esa ykSg v;Ld dk pkSFkk lcls
• Hkkjr esa ckxkuh Ñf"k ds varxZr mxk;s tkus okys eq[; cM+k mRiknd gS rFkk Hkkjr esa vksfM'kk ykSg v;Ld dk
'kL; gS &pk;] jcM+] ukfj;y] dgok lcls cM+k mRiknd gS
• dFku (A) : Hkkjr pk; dk egRoiw.kZ fu;kZrd ns'k gS • rkack] xkjusV] eSx
a uht vkSj ikbjkbV esa ls fdls vki
dkj.k
dkj. (R) : Hkkjr esa pk; dh ?kjsyw [kir cgqr de gS dk;karfjr pêkuksa ¼esVkekWjfQd pêku½ ls lac) djsx a s
&(A) lgh gS] ijUrq (R) xyr gS &xkjusV ¼rkeM+k½
• >wfeax vFkok iSM+k i)fr D;k gS • >kj[kaM] e/; izn's k] jktLFkku ,oa vka/kz izn's k esa ls dkSu
&taxy dkVdj [ksrh ds fy, lw[kus dks NksMu+ k ,d vHkzd dk mRiknu ugha djrk gS &e/; izn'k s'k
• >wfeax lokZf/kd O;oâr gS \ &uxkyS.M esa • lgh lqefs yr gSa
• Hkkjr dk og jkT; tks dikl] ew¡xQyh] ued o nw/k ds dks;yk & djuiqjk
mRiknu esa izFke LFkku ij gS &xqtjkr Lo.kZ & gV~Vh
• Hkkjr dk lokZf/kd iVlu&mRiknd jkT; gSa vHkzd & usYyksj
&if'pe caxky eSx
a uht & HkaMkjk
• Hkkjr esa twV dk lokZf/kd {ks=Qy gS • lgh lqefs yr gS&
a
&i- caxky jkT; esa vexqjh & isVªkfs y;e
• ^vkWijs'ku ¶yM* dk lac/a k gS ykatx<+ & ckWDlkbV
&nw/k mRiknu ,oa forj.k ls dkEiVh & dks;yk
• rEckdw dk lokZf/kd mRiknu djus okyk jkT; csykjh & ykSg v;Ld
&vka/kz izn's k • lgh lqefs yr gS&
a
• lgh dFku gS veykbZ & e/; izn's k
&phu fo'o esa rEckdw dk o`gÙke mRiknd gS ,oa Hkkjr cYykjiqj & egkjk"Vª
fo'o esa Tokj dk o`gÙke mRiknd gS ctjktuxj & vksfM'kk
jkteqUnzh & vkU/kz izn's k
lehj Iyktk] eueksgu ikdZ] dVjk] ckale.Mh ds lkeus] bykgkckn (55)
Qksu ua- % 0532-3266722] 9956971111] 9235581475
DOWNLOAD MORE PDF FOR GOVERNMENT EXAM CLICK HERE >>> https://pdfexam.com/
DOWNLOAD MORE PDF FOR GOVERNMENT EXAM CLICK HERE >>> https://pdfexam.com/
• lgh lqefs yr gSa • Hkkjr es]a vkU/kz izn's k] e/; izn's k] vksfM'kk ,oa i- caxky
Mkyh&jktgjk & ykSg v;Ld esa ls dkSu loZizeq[k dks;yk mRiknd gS \
jk[kk & rkack &vksfM'kk
usYyksj & rkack@vHkzd • fdu ftyksa esa Hkkjr dh lcls cM+h vHkzd (Mica) es[kyk
vejdaVd & ckWDlkbV ik;h tkrh gS
• lgh lqefs yr gS& a >kjhckx] x;k vkSj eqx a sj
vk¡oyk & moZjd • Hkkjr esa isVªkfs y;e dk vxz.kh mRiknd jkT; gS
usikuxj & dkxt &xqtjkr
flUnzh & moZjd • yqut s isVªky
s mRiknd {ks= fdl jkT; esa fLFkr gS
ujkSjk & v.kq'kfDr &xqtjkr
• lgh lqefs yr gSa • ^gkbMªkt s u fotu&2025** lEcfU/kr gS
cztjkt uxj & dkxt &isVªkfs y;e mRikn ds HkaMkj.k ls
dSewj & lhesVa • ns'k dks dPps rsy dh vkiwfrZ esa #dkoV ls i`Fkd j[kus
gfYn;k & isVªk& s jlk;u gsrq] Hkkjr us ^bf.M;k LVªVs ftd isVªkfs y;e fjtoZ fy-*
Qwyiqj & moZjd dh LFkkiuk dh gSA bl gsrq og rhu LFkkuksa ij Hkwfexr
• Hkkjr esa fVu lalk/ku okyk ,dek= jkT; gS &NÙkhlx<+ LVksjt s dk fuekZ.k djsxkA ;s LFkku gSa
• fdl jkT; dk ØksekbV mRikn esa yxHkx ,dkf/kdkj gS &fo'kk[kkiêue] eaxyksj ,oa iknqj
&vksfM'kk dk • dkSu Hkkjr dh lcls iqjkuh rsy&'kks/ku bdkbZ gS
• lgh lqefs yr gSa &fMXcksbZ
csykfMyk & NÙkhlx<+ • Hkkjr esa rsy vUos"k.k dk dk;Z fd;k tkrk gS \
dsekuxq.Mh & dukZVd &vks,uthlh ,oa vkW;y bafM;k fyfeVsM }kjk
flagHkwfe & >kj[k.M • uwuekVh dk rsy 'kks/kd dkj[kkuk vofLFkr gS
e;wjHkat & vksfM'kk &vlkse jkT; esa
• cSykfMyk [kku fdl [kfut ls lEcfU/kr gS \ • ,p-ch-ts- ikbiykbu }kjk izkÑfrd xSl dk ifjogu
&ykSg v;Ld ls dgka ls gksrk gS &nf{k.kh csflu ls
• lgh lqefs yr gS& • Hkkjr esa 'kfDr [k.M esa ÅtkZ lzksrksa ds Hkkx dk lgh
lwph&I lwph&II Øe gS &rkih; > tyh; > vkf.od > ok;q
¼dks;yk&mRiknd {ks=½ dks;yk [knku • lgh lqefs yr gS
nkeksnj ?kkVh & cjkdj canjiqj & fnYyh
lksu ?kkVh & mefj;k gjnqvkxat & mÙkj izn's k
xksnkojh ?kkVh & flaxjsuh mrkju & xqtjkr
egkunh ?kkVh & rkypsj ikjl & egkjk"Vª
• lgh lqefs yr gS& a • gky ds o"kksZa esa vkSlr vf[ky Hkkjrh; rkih; IykUV
xSl IykaV & vkSjS;k yksM QSDVj ¼ih-,y-,Q-½ ifjofrZr gksrk jgk gS
,Y;qfefu;e & dksjck &70&75 izfr'kr ds chp
isVªkfs y;e & dksph
• fdl ns'k ds lg;ksx ls vkscjk rki fo|qr dsUnz dh
• lgh lqefs yr gSa LFkkiuk dh xbZ Fkh \ &:l ds
lwph&I lwph&II
,LcsLVl & vka/kz izn's k • rfeyukMq ds dqMudqye esa :l ijek.kq fj,DVlZ dh
fudsy & vksfM'kk fdruh bdkb;ka yxkus gsrq jkth gqvk gS \ &dqy 6
tLrk & jktLFkku • lgh lqefs yr gSa
• Hkkjr esa eSxa uht dk vxzx.; mRiknd gS &vksfM'kk lwph&I lwph&II
¼;wjfs u;e dsUnz½ ¼jkT;½
¼jkT;½
• lgh lqefs yr gS& a nksekbZlku & es?kky;
iykew ¼>kj[k.M½ & vHkzd yackiqj & vka/kz izn's k
gtkjhckx ¼>kj[k.M½ & ckDlkbV jksgys & jktLFkku
[ksrM+h ¼jktLFkku½ & rkack xksxh & dukZVd
D;ks>a j ¼vksfM'kk½ & eSx a uht
• o"kZ 2010&11 esa Hkkjr esa dqy mRikfnr ÅtkZ esa
• rkypsj ,d izfl) dks;yk {ks= gS &vksfM'kk esa ukfHkdh; ÅtkZ dk izfr'kr Fkk
• dFku (A) : dks;ys dk vUrjkZT;h; ifjogu] jsyos }kjk &2-61 izfr'kr
lEiUu fd, tkus okys ifjogu dk ,d izeq[k ?kVd gSA • Hkkjr ds fdl jkT; dk fctyh dh izfr O;fDr {kerk
dkj.k
dkj. (R) : caxky&>kj[k.M dks;ys dh [knkusa vkSj mRiknu esa izFke LFkku gS
if'peksÙkj jkT;ksa dks dks;yk vkiwfrZ dk izeq[k lzksr gSA &egkjk"Vª
&(A) rFkk (R) nksuksa lgh gSa rFkk (R), (A) dh lgh
O;k[;k gS • Hkkjr esa ÅtkZ&mRiknu esa lokZf/kd va'k gS
&rkih; ;k Å"eh; ¼FkeZy½ ÅtkZ dk
{tgk¡ lsysD'ku ,d ftn gS-} lehj Iyktk] eueksgu ikdZ] dVjk] ckale.Mh ds lkeus] bykgkckn (56)
Qksu ua- % 0532-3266722] 9956971111] 9235581475
DOWNLOAD MORE PDF FOR GOVERNMENT EXAM CLICK HERE >>> https://pdfexam.com/
DOWNLOAD MORE PDF FOR GOVERNMENT EXAM CLICK HERE >>> https://pdfexam.com/
• jk.kk izrki lkxj ij fo|qr x`g LFkkfir gS &dksVk esa • NksVk ukxiqj vkS|ksfxd {ks= dk fodkl lEcfU/kr jgk gS
• fdl ,d ds fy, lrkjk izfl) gS \ &iou Å ÅtkZ
tkZ la;a= &dks;yk dh [kkst ls
• Hkkjr esa Tokjh; ÅtkZ dh lokZf/kd laHkkouk,a dgka ij • lgh lqefs yr gS
gSa &Hkkouxj ¼xqtjkr½ esa vkf.od la;a= pkyw gksus dk o"kZ
• lqefs yr gSa dksVk 1973
[kfut rsy&xqtjkr ftIle&jktLFkku ddjkikj 1993
lksuk&dukZVd ckWDlkbV&vksfM'kk dSxk 2000
• LVsuysl LVhy cukus ds fy, D;k iz;ksx esa yk;k tkrk dyiDde 1984
gS \ &Øksfe;e vkSj fudsy • fdld ^nf{k.k xaxks=h* ds uke ls tkuk tkrk gS
• LVsuysl LVhy feJ /kkrq gS &yksgs vkSj Øksfe;e dh &Hkkjr dk izke vaVkdZfVd 'kks/k dsUnz
m|ksx • [ksrksa esa iz;qDr gksus okys vkStkjksa vkSj e'khuksa ij 'kks/k
vkSj fodkl dk;Z ^lsUVªy bULVhV~;Vw vkWQ bathfu;fjax&
• pk;] twV] ykSg ,oa bLikr rFkk phuh esa ls dkSu lk
esa fd;k tk jgk gS] tks fLFkr gS &Hkksiky esa
,d m|ksx Hkkjr ds fy, lcls vf/kd fons'kh eqnzk
dekrk gS &ykSg ,oa bLikr
bLikr • NÙkhlx<+ esa dksjck dk egRo gS
&,Y;qfefu;e m|ksx ds dkj.k
• lgh lqefs yr gS
fHkykbZ & NÙkhlx<+ • lqefs yr gS& a
nqxkZiqj & if'pe caxky ckYdks&cksdkjks fg.Mkydks&js.kqdVw
te'ksniqj & >kj[k.M ukYdks&Hkqous'oj ,p-lh-,y-&[skrM+h
jkmjdsyk & vksfM'kk • Mhty jsy bUtu cuk, tkrs gSa
• jkmjdsyk bLikr la;a= dks ykSg v;Ld dh vkiwfrZ gksrh &eMqokMhg ¼okjk.klh½esa
gS &D;ks>
a j ls • lqefs yr gSa
• lgh lqefs yr gS Hkkjh bathfu;fjax m|ksx & jkaph
lwph&I lwph&II e'khu vkStkj & fiatkSj
¼dsUnz½ ¼m|ksx½ ,Y;qehfu;e & js.kqdVw
vk¡oyk & moZjd moZjd & flanzh
eksnhuxj & jcj • ,xekdZ gS &xq.koÙkk xkj.Vh dh eksgj
ckjkcadh & ikWyhQkbcj • ftlds fy, pqukj izfl) gS] og gS
dkuiqj & foLQksVd &lhesVa m|ksx
• lgh lqefs yr gS • dkSu lhesV a dk eq[; la?kVd gS \ &pwuk iRFkj
Mhty yksdkseksfVo & okjk.klh • lqefs yr gS
bafM;u VsyhQksu baMLVªht & jk;cjsyh fo'kk[kkiêue~ & iksr fuekZ.k
Hkkjr bysDVªkWfuDl fy- & xkft;kckn ewjh & ,Y;qehfu;e
rsy'kks/ku dk;Z & eFkqjk xqMx + k¡o & eksVj xkfM+;k¡
• e/; izn's k dk dkSu lk uxj dhVuk'kd m|ksx gsrq iudh & moZjd
izfl) gS \ &Hkksiky • dsUnzh; 'kq"d Hkwfe&[ksrh vuql/a kku laLFkku
• lgh lqefs yr gS &gSnjkckn esa
jkekxq.Me & moZjd
fprjatu & yksdkseksfVo ifjogu ,oa iÙku
dksjck & ,Y;qehfu;e
fiEijh & moZjd • jk"Vªh; jktekxZ fodkl ifj;kstuk ls lacfa /kr lgh
• Hkkjr dk lcls cM+k isVªks jlk;u dkj[kkuk fdl jkT; dFku gSa
esa fLFkr gS &xqtjkr esa &bldh dqy yEckbZ 5846 fdyksehVj gS] mÙkj&nf{kk
• fHkykbZ LVhy IykUV Hkkrj ljdkj rFkk fdl ns'k dk xfy;kjk Jhuxj&dU;kdqekjh dks tksM+rk gS] ,oa iwoZ
la;qDr miØe gS \ &:l if'pe xfy;kjk flypj dks iksjcanj ls tksM+rk gS
• LVhy vFkkWfjVh vkWQ bf.M;k dh LFkkiuk dk o"kZ gS • Hkkjr esa fdl jkT; esia zn's k jktekxZ dh yEckbZ lokZf/kd
&1974 gS \ &egkjk"Vª esa
• jkT; ftlesa lokZf/kd dkxt feysa fLFkr gS]a gS • lgh lqefs yr gS
&if'pe caxky gfYfn;k&bykgkckn & jk"Vªh; tyekxZ
• lgh lqefs yr gS ukfld&iq.ks & jk"Vªh; jktekxZ&50
lwph&I lwph&II nqxkZiqj&dksydkrk & ,Dlizsl jktekxZ
¼m|ksx½ ¼dsna z½ fldanjkckn & nf{k.kh e/; jsyos dk
js'ke oL= & eSlwj eq[;ky;
isVªks jlk;u & tokgj uxj • fuEufy[kr jkT;ksa dk muds jk"Vªh; jktekxZ dh yEckbZ
moZjd & rkypsj ds vk/kkj ij vojksgh Øe gSA
vkS"kf/k&fuekZ.k & _f"kds'k &v#.kkpy izn's k > fetksje > uxkySM a > flfDde
{tgk¡ lsysD'ku ,d ftn gS-} lehj Iyktk] eueksgu ikdZ] dVjk] ckale.Mh ds lkeus] bykgkckn (58)
Qksu ua- % 0532-3266722] 9956971111] 9235581475
DOWNLOAD MORE PDF FOR GOVERNMENT EXAM CLICK HERE >>> https://pdfexam.com/
DOWNLOAD MORE PDF FOR GOVERNMENT EXAM CLICK HERE >>> https://pdfexam.com/
jk"Vªh; egRo ds laLFkku • dsUnzh; eRL; ikyu vkSj leqnzh bathfu;jh izf'k{k.k
laLFkku] dksphu
os jk"Vªh; laLFkku tgka vkj{k.k ykxw ugha gksxkA
• dsUnzh; Ñf"k vuql/a kku laLFkku] iksVZ Cys;j
• gkseh HkkHkk uS'kuy baLVhV~;V w ] eqca bZ
• dsUnzh; izn"w k.k fu;a=.k cksMZ] ubZ fnYyh
• HkkHkk vVkWfed fjlpZ lsV a j] VªkWEcs
• dsUnzh; fpfM+;k?kj izkf/kdj.k] ubZ fnYyh
• bafnjk xka/kh vVkWfed fjlpZ lsV a j] dyiDde
• o"kkZ ou vuql/a kku laLFkku] tksjgkV ¼vle½
• lkgk ijek.kq HkkSfrdh laLFkku] dksydkrk
• ou vkuqokaf'kdh rFkk o`{k iztuu laLFkku] dks;ca Vwj
• jktk jeUuk lsV a j QkWj ,MokaLM VsDuksykWth] bankSj
• Hkkjrh; ekud C;wjks] fnYyh
• baLVhV~;V w QkWj IykTek fjlpZ] xka/khuxj
• jk"Vªh; ijh{k.k x`g] dksydkrk
• osfj,cy ,uthZ lkbDykWVªku lsV a j dksydkrk
• uSuksa dsna z] caxyq#
• baLVhV~;V w vkWQ fQftDl] Hkqous'oj
• bafM;u baLVhV~;Vw vkWQ VªkWfidy ehfVfj;ksykWth] iq.ks
• baLVhV~;V w vkWQ eSFksefs Vdy lkbal] psUubZ
• tyok;q ifjorZu laLFkku] iq.ks
• gjh'kpanz fjlpZ baLVhV~;V w ] bykgkckn
• jk"Vªh; fgeky; fgeun foKku dsna z] nsgjknwu
• VkVk eseksfj;y lsV a j] eqca bZ
• uSuks lkbal ,.M VsDuksykWth laLFkku] eksgkyh
• uS'kuy czu s fjlpZ lsVa j] xqMx + kao
• Hkkjrh; [kxksy HkkSfrdh laLFkku] caxyq#
• fQftdy fjlpZ yScksjV s jh] fr#ouariqje
• bafM;u baLVhV~;Vw vkWQ ftvkseSxusfVTe] eqEcbZ
• bafM;u baLVhV~;V w vkWQ fjeksV lsfa lax] nsgjknwu
• vk;ZHkV~V vuql/a kku os/k'kkyk] uSuhrky
• VkVk baLVhV~;V w vkWQ QaMkesVa y fjlpZ] eqca bZ
• Hkkjrh; jk"Vªh; foKku vdkneh] ubZ fnYyh
• ukWFkZ bZLVuZ bafnjk xka/kh baLVhV~;V w vkWQ gsYFk ,aM
esfMdy dkWyt s ] f'kykax • Hkkjrh; jk"Vªh; bathfu;fjax vdkneh] ubZ fnYyh
• usg: lsV a j QkWj ,MokaLM lkbafVfQd fjlpZ] caxyq# • bysDVªkWfud dkWiksZj's ku vkWQ bafM;k fyfeVsM] gSnjkckn
vU; egRoiw.kZ jk"Vªh; laLFkku LFkku • ijek.kq [kfut vuql/a kku vkSj vUos"k.k funs'kky;]
• bafnjk xka/kh jk"Vªh; ekuo laxzgky;] Hkksiky gSnjkckn
• dYiuk pkoyk Lekjd rkjkeaMy] diwjFkyk • IykTek vuql/a kku laLFkku] vgenkckn
• Hkkjrh; okuLifrd losZ{k.k foHkkx] dksydkrk • Hkkjrh; jk"Vªh; egklkxj vkSj lwpuk lsok dsUnz]
gSnjkckn
• Hkkjrh; izk.kh losZ{k.k foHkkx] dksydkrk
• yky cgknqj 'kkL=h rVorhZ vuql/a kku ,oa mPp v/;;u
• Hkkjrh; ou losZ{k.k foHkkx] nsgjknwu laLFkku] eqEcbZ
• bafnjk xka/kh QkWjsLV vdkneh] nsgjknwu • Hkkjrh; varnsZ'kh; tyekxZ izkf/kdj.k] uks,Mk
• lsUVªy ,fjM tksu fjlpZ baLVhV~;V w ] tks/kiqj • fgUnqLrku f'ki;kMZ fyfeVsM] fo'kk[kkiÙkue
• bafM;u QkWjsLV eSut s esVa ] Hkksiky • jk"Vªh; tyØhM+k laLFkku] xksok
• jk"Vªh; ir>M+ ou vuql/a kku dsUnz] tcyiqj • dsUnzh; e`nk rFkk inkFkZ vuql/a kku dsUnz] ubZ fnYyh
• oqM lkbal ,aM VsDuksykWth lsUVj] caxyq# • jk"Vªh; ty foKku laLFkku] #M+dh
• QkWjsLV tsufs Vd lsUVj] dks;ca Vwj • jk"Vªh; dsfedYl ,oa QfVZykbtlZ fyfeVsM] VªkWEcs
• jk"Vªh; [kk| izkS|ksfxdh m|e'khyrk ,oa izc/a ku laLFkku] • fganqLrku ,aVhck;ksfVDl fyfeVsM] fiEijh ¼iq.ks½
dqMa yh ¼lksuhir½] gfj;k.kk
• Hkkjrh; [kku C;wjks] ukxiqj
• fVM~Mh psrkouh laxBu] pks/kiqj
• fgUnqLrku ftax fyfeVsM] mn;iqj
• dsUnzh; vkyw vuql/a kku laLFkku] dqQjh ¼f'keyk½
• dsUnzh; ty rFkk fo|qr vuql/a kku dsUnz] [kM~xoklyk]
• jk"Vªh; ikS/k laj{k.k ,oa izf'k{k.k laLFkku] gSnjkckn ¼iq.ks½
• pkS/kjh pj.k flag jk"Vªh; Ñf"k foi.ku laLFkku] t;iqj • jk"Vªh; ifj;kstuk fuekZ.k fuxe fyfeVsM] ubZ fnYyh
• dsUnzh; pkjk cht mRiknu QkeZ] gSlj?kV~Vk ¼caxyq#½ • Hkkjr dk lqukeh psrkouh dsUnz] gSnjkckn
• dsUnzh; dikl vuql/a kku laLFkku] ukxiqj gkbZ flD;qfjVh ,fuey fMtht lsVa j] Hkksiky ¼cMZ ¶yw
ls lacfa /kr ekeyksa dk ijh{k.k ;gha gksrk gSA½
***************
{tgk¡ lsysD'ku ,d ftn gS-} lehj Iyktk] eueksgu ikdZ] dVjk] ckale.Mh ds lkeus] bykgkckn (60)
Qksu ua- % 0532-3266722] 9956971111] 9235581475
DOWNLOAD MORE PDF FOR GOVERNMENT EXAM CLICK HERE >>> https://pdfexam.com/
DOWNLOAD MORE PDF FOR GOVERNMENT EXAM CLICK HERE >>> https://pdfexam.com/
lko/kku
One Day dh fjfDr;ksa dks /;ku esa j[krs gq,
vkt dbZ laLFkku [kqy x, gSa tgk¡ vuqHkoghu
f'k{kd Nk=ksa ds Hkfo"; ls f[kyokM+ djrs gSAa
,sls laLFkku flQZ One Day ds fjfDr;ksa dh
?kks"k.kk dk bUrtkj djrs gSaA ;gk¡ u dksbZ
Research Work gksrk gS u gh Material
DevelopmentA
;s flQZ xk¡o ds Hkksys&Hkkys Nk=ksa dks cjxyk
dj dekbZ dj jgs gSaA tkx:d cus ,oa ges'kk
vuqHkoh] izfrf"Br laLFkku dks pqu]sa tgk¡ xq.koÙkk]
bZekunkjh ,oa lQyrk dh iwtk dh tkrh gS vkSj
tgk¡ Kku ugha lsyDs 'ku fn;k tkrk gSA
THE INSTITUTE
tgk¡ lsysD'ku ,d ftn gS-
DOWNLOAD MORE PDF FOR GOVERNMENT EXAM CLICK HERE >>> https://pdfexam.com/
DOWNLOAD MORE PDF FOR GOVERNMENT EXAM CLICK HERE >>> https://pdfexam.com/
DOWNLOAD MORE PDF FOR GOVERNMENT EXAM CLICK HERE >>> https://pdfexam.com/