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Oral-Histology-Quiz-Scientific Term
Oral-Histology-Quiz-Scientific Term
EMBRYOLOGY
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20- The main blood vessels that supplied the branchial arches.
21-The arteries that are supplied the first arch.
22 The artery that supplied the second arch.
23-The posttrematic nerve that is supplied the first arch.
24- The pretrematic nerve that is supplied the first arch.
25- The external shallow depressions that separate the branchial arches.
26- The deep depressions that separate the branchial arches from the
pharyngeal side.
27-The pouch which give raise the tonsillar fossa.
28- A condition occurs as a result of lack of union between the maxillary
and mandibular processes
29- A condition occurs as a result of lack of fusion between the medial and
lateral nasal processes with maxillary processes.
30- Structure that gives rise to oral vestibule.
31- V shape line that separates that anterior 2/3 and the posterior 1/3 of the
developing tongue.
32- The nerve supply of the circumvallate and foliate papillae.
33- A condition results when the alveololingual groove fails to separate the
tip of the tongue from the floor of the mouth.
34- The secondary cartilaginous center in the mandible that function till
the age of 20 years of life.
35-The process of maxillary sinus enlargement.
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KEY answers
EMBRYOLOGY
1-Nasal pit 21-The external and internal carotid arteries
2-Embryonic period 22- The facial artery
3-Meckel's cartilage 23- Mandibular nerve
4-Buccopharyngeal membrane 24- Chorda tympani
5-Macrostomia 25- Branchial clefts
6-Oblique facial cleft 26- Pharyngeal pouches.
7-Palatine shelves 27-Second pharyngeal pouch
8-Two lateral lingual swellings 28-Macrostomia
9-proliferation period 29-Oblique facial cleft
10-embryonic period 30-Vestibular lamina
11-embryonic period 31-Sulcus terminals.
12-fetal 32-Glossopharyngeal nerve.
13-neural crest cells. 33- Tongue tie
14-buccopharyngeal membrane. 34-Condylar cartilage
15-. Rathke's pouch 35- Pneumatization
16-branchial arches
17-Meckel's cartilage
18- Muscles of mastication
19- Muscles of facial expression
20-The aortic arch.
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TOOTH DEVELOPMENT
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KEY answers
Answers of Tooth Development
1- Vestibular lamina
2- Successional dental lamina
3-The initiation stage
4-An oral vestibule
5-The bud stage.
6-Dental papilla.
7- dental sac (follicle).
8-The cap stage.
9- The cervical loop
10- Alkaline phosphatase
11-Epithelial pearls.
12- Apposition stage.
13- Stratum intermedium
14-Enamel cord
15- Epithelial rests of Malassez.
16-Concrescence
17-Enamel pearls.
18-Dilaceration
19- Flexion
20- Predentin
21- Vestibular lamina.
22-Enamel organ
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TOOTH ERUPTION
1-Is the axial occlusal movement of the tooth from its developmental
position to its functional position in occlusion.
2- The phase that begins in the early bell stage and ends at the
beginning of root formation.
3- Type of growth characterized by one part of the developing tooth germ
remains stationary and the remainder continues to grow leading to a shift
in its center.
4-In a dried skull, it represented by holes that identified in the jaws on the
lingual aspects of the anterior deciduous teeth.
5- The phase that begins after the tooth has reached its functional position
in the occlusal plane and continues through the whole life of the tooth.
6- It is compensated by a process known as mesial drift.
7- The theory that supposes the existence of cushion- hammock ligament,
running across the base of the socket from to provide a fixed base for the
growing root to react against.
8- The theory that proposes that the cells and fibers of the periodontal
ligament pull the tooth into occlusion.
9-The theory supposes that a local increase in tissue fluid pressure in the
periapical region is sufficient to move the tooth.
10- It is a condition characterized by fusion of cementum or dentin to
alveolar bone.
11-Condition characterized by a cessation of eruption of a tooth.
12-They are particularly prone to impaction because they erupt last, when
the least room is available.
13- It is eruption of a developing tooth beyond the range of the normal
eruption path.
14- It is a bluish, opaque asymptomatic swelling overlays an erupting tooth
due to the accumulation of tissue fluid in the dilated follicular sac around
the eruption crown.
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KEY answers
Answers of Eruption
1- Eruption phase
2-Pre-eruptive phase
3-Eccentric
4-Gubernacular canal.
5- Post eruptive phase
6- The interproximal wear
7-Root formation theory
8-Periodontal ligament traction theory
9-Vascular pressure theory
10-Ankylosis
11-Impaction
12-The third molars
13- Ectopic eruption
14- Eruption hematoma
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SHEDDING
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KEY answers
Answers of Shedding
1-Shedding
2- Odontoclasts
3- Howship's lacunae.
4- Odontoclasts
5- Apoptosis
6- Upper lateral incisor.
7- Premolar region
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ENAMEL
1-Is the physiological wearing away of the tooth hard substance as a result
of tooth to tooth contact.
2- It is the predominant organic portion of mature enamel.
3-The dental tissue that lines fissures, grooves and pits.
4-The property that enables enamel to withstand the mechanical forces
applied during tooth functioning.
5- The ions that help killing cavity-causing bacteria. So, it used as topical
application on the teeth to minimize caries.
6- The structures that interdigitate with the surface of the forming enamel
giving it a picket fence appearance.
7- It determines the orientation of hydroxyapatite crystals and so
responsible for the rod structure of enamel.
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KEY answers
Answers of Enamel
1-Attrition
2-Enamelin.
3-The enamel
4-Hardness.
5-Fluoride
6-Tomes' processes
7-Tomes' processes
8-Transitional stage
9-The reduced dental epithelium
10-Stippled material.
11-Secondary maturation
12-gnarled enamel
13-Neonatal line
14-Enamel spindle.
15-Developmental
16-Type B lamella
17-Type C lamella
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DENTINE
15- Structure could be seen in all deciduous teeth as well as in the first
permanent molar.
16-Type of dentin develops by odontoblasts after root formation has been
completed.
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17- The type of dentin with no tubules at all.
18- The type of dentin characterized by calcification of dentinal tubules,
where the odontoblastic processes undergo fatty degeneration and then
calcification.
19-Dentin areas characterized by degeneration of their odontoblastic
processes.
20-The type of dentin which is surrounded and isolated by a narrow zone
of sclerotic dentin.
21- The theory contends that a dental stimulus excites the odontoblastic
process which then transmits the excitation to the adjacent nerve plexus.
22- The theory proposes that fluid movement through the tubules distorts
the local pulpal environment and is sensed by the free nerve endings in the
plexus of Raschkow.
23- The type of dentin which showed trapped forming cells.
KEY answers
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Answers of Dentin
1-Dentin
2-Dentin
3-Odontoblasts
4- Direct neural stimulation
5- Matrix vesicles
6- Matrix vesicles
7- Globular calcification (calcospherite)
8- The "secondary curvatures"
9- Enamel spindles
10- Inter-tubular dentin.
11- Peri-tubular or "intratubular" dentin
12- Inter-globular dentin.
13- Tomes' granular layer.
14- Contour line of Owen
15- Neonatal line
16- Regular secondary
17- Atubular dentin
18- Sclerotic dentin
19- Dead tracts.
20- Dead tract
21- Odontoblastic transduction theory
22- Fluid or hydrodynamic
23- Osteodentin
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2- The cell layer of dental organ which induce the neighboring cells of the
dental papilla to differentiate into odontoblasts.
3-The cells that remain after loss of the continuity of the epithelial root
sheath of Hertwig..
4- The cells entrapped in the mineralized cementum and occupy lacunae.
5-It consists of a mineralized matrix, which contains neither collagen
fibrils nor embedded cells and covering the cervical portion of enamel.
6-They are derived from periodontal fibers, which are not calcifiable in
their original location but they will calcify after they have become
embedded in bone and cementum only.
7-Its formation starts at the end of enamel maturation when the cells of the
reduced enamel epithelium be lost or detached from the enamel.
8- Areas of human teeth are covered with thick cementum layers before
they emerge into the oral cavity.
9- Mineralized tissue is unique in that it is avascular, does not undergo
continuous remodeling like bone, but continues to grow in thickness
throughout life.
10-Dental tissue contains 45% to 50% inorganic substances and 55% to
50% organic materials.
11- It covers the root dentin starting from the amelo-cemental junction till
the apex, but it is often missing at the apical third.
12- Cells have processes directed toward the periodontal surface to provide
nutrition.
13-Incremental Lines are highly mineralized with less collagen and more
ground substance.
14-It is an abnormal thickening of cementum.
15- Increase of cementum in good function teeth to permit more
periodontal fibers to be attached to the tooth.
16-Iincrease of cementum in a non-functioning tooth or in an embedded
tooth.
KEY answers
Answers of Cementum
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1-Cementogenesis
2-Inner dental epithelium
3-The epithelial rests of Malassez
4-Cementocytes
5-Acellular afibrillar cementum
6- Sharpey’s fibers
7-Acellular afibrillar cementum
8- The furcations
9- Cementum
10-Cementum
11- Acellular cementum
12- cementocytes
13- Incremental Lines of Salter
14-Hypercementosis
15- Cementum hypertrophy
16- Cementum hyperplasia
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1- Thin branching tubes of varying lengths that connect the terminal
portions with the striated ducts of salivary glands.
2- Large cells with a small pyknotic nucleus and abundant cytoplasm,
mainly in the parotid and submaxillary glands.
3- The ducts of the salivary glands that are lined by a single layer of tall
columnar cells with radially arranged mitochondria.
KEY answers
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Saliva & Salivary Glands
1- Intercalated duct.
2- Oncocytes.
3- Striated duct.
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1- A process of bone remodeling where bone resorption takes place in the
maxillary sinus internal walls and bone deposition on the outer surface of
maxilla.
2- A unicellular gland which pours its mucin secretion by rupturing the
apical cell membrane which will again regenerate (apocrine gland).
KEY answers
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The Maxillary Sinus
1- Pneumatization.
2- The goblet cell.
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1- Specialized structure of the cell surface consisting of adjacent cell
membranes (trilaminar membrane), a pair of intracellular attachment
plaque with tonofilaments and an intervening extracellular structure
(electron dense material often containing several laminae).
2- That part of the oral mucous membrane which surrounds the teeth and
covers part of the alveolar bone from the vestibular and lingual surfaces of
both jaws.
3- A shallow groove lined by non keratinized epithelium, the bottom of
which is at the point of separation of the attachment epithelium from the
tooth.
4- The portion of the gingiva, which fills the interproximal space between
the two adjacent teeth and thus extends below the contact area.
5- Stratum corneum consists of flat tightly packed scales and the nuclei are
completely absent. This type constitutes 15%.
6- Stratum corneum consists of flat horny scales, which retain pyknotic
nuclei or remnants of nuclear material. This type constitutes 75%.
7- The junction between tooth hard substance and the gingiva.
8- The actual movement of teeth towards occlusal plane.
9- The gradual exposure of the crown by separation of attached epithelium
from the tooth surface.
10- Intraepithelial structure, barrel or ovoid with rounded base resting on
basement membrane and end with narrow opening toward the epithelial
surface and called taste pore. Flattened small epithelial cells surround the
taste pore.
11- Small rounded or oval elevations due to aggregation of
lymphatic nodules in the underlying C.T of the tongue.
KEY answers
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Oral Mucous Membrane
1- The desmosomes.
2- The gingival.
3- Gingival sulcus.
4- The interdental papilla.
5- Orthokeratinized epithelium.
6- Pararkeratenized epithelium.
7- Dento-Gingival Junction.
8- Active eruption.
9- Passive eruption.
10- Taste buds.
11- Lingual tonsil.
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