CHAPTER 1

MACROMOLECULES
BIO091
Semester 1
2022 / 2023

SUB-TOPICS
1.1 Functional groups

1.2 Water

1.3 Introduction to macromolecules

1.4 Amino acids, peptides and proteins

1.5 Structures and functions of carbohydrates

1.6 Structures and functions of lipids

1.7 Structures and functions of nucleic acids

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 LEARNING OUTCOMES
1.1 Discuss some biologically important functional groups.

1.2 Explain the structure of water and describe the properties of water
and its importance.

1.3 Formation of macromolecules from monomers.

1.4 Describe the general structure of amino acids and group them based
on their side chains.
1.4 Describe the formation of dipeptide and polypeptide.
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1.4 Discuss the classification of protein in term of levels of organization,
structure,

1.5 Describe the four groups of carbohydrates.

1.5 Describe the synthesis of disaccharides and polysaccharides.
1.5 Describe the structure and function of starch, glycogen and
cellulose.

1.6 State the types of lipids.

1.6 Describe the synthesis and structure of fat/triglycerides.
1.6 State the functions of lipids.

1.7 Describe the structures and components of nucleic acids.

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1.7 State the types and functions of DNA and RNA.