1 Olympiads School gr 12 Biology Homework: Macromolecules

Section Due /50 Name:

2 Th 5 Aug

RESOURCES:

• ppt slides on Google Drive Page | 1

• Online text: https://openstax.org/details/books/biology (view online or download)
o Chapter 3: Biological Macromolecules
• Online text: https://courses.lumenlearning.com/wmopen-biology1/ (view online)
o Module 3: Important Biological Molecules
• Animations
o Glucose in Water: https://www.stolaf.edu/people/giannini/glucoseinwater.html
o Lipids: https://www.wisc-online.com/learn/career-clusters/health-
science/ap13204/biomolecules---the-lipids
o
o Amino acids & protein: http://www.johnkyrk.com/aminoacid.html
o Protein Organization: https://www.stolaf.edu/people/giannini/proteinorganization.html
o Protein Folding: https://www.stolaf.edu/people/giannini/proteinfolding.html
o Nucleic Acids: http://www.johnkyrk.com/DNAanatomy.html
o
• Interactive Tutorial:
http://www.cpalms.org/Public/PreviewResourceStudentTutorial/Preview/111955
• Video: monosaccharides & stereochemistry https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dVI5UPkCKE8

1. a. What is the tertiary structure of a protein?

/1

b. What types of chemical interactions are responsible for stabilizing this structure? In your
answer, include where these interactions occur.

Chemical Interaction Where found in the tertiary structure?

/4

2. a. What is the difference between a saturated fatty acid and an unsaturated fatty acid?
/1

b. What implications does this have for a cell?

/2

3. a. The monosaccharide ribose contains five carbon atoms. What is the molecular formula of this
sugar?
/1
b. How does this monosaccharide show the characteristic functional groups and properties of
2 Olympiads School gr 12 Biology Homework: Macromolecules

sugars?

/3

4. Outline the key chemical difference between a phospholipid and a triglyceride.

Page | 2

/2 5. Describe how monomers are linked together to form polymers using dehydration synthesis
reactions. (You may answer in a paragraph or in a well-labelled diagram – that is different from
those present in your notes.)

/3

6. Using examples, explain how the isomeric structure of a carbohydrate may affect its chemical
behaviour. Note: Include examples of all 3 types of isomers in your answers.

/9
Type of Carbohydrate Isomer Examples How they differ chemically

7. Discuss the structural differences between the following polysaccharides explaining how the
differences in structure contribute to the functional properties of the molecule.
a. starch (amylose) and glycogen

/2

b. cellulose and starch (amylose)

/2

8. a. What makes each of the 20 amino acids found in proteins unique?

/1
b. State the 4 groups can the amino acids be clustered into.

/1
3 Olympiads School gr 12 Biology Homework: Macromolecules

9. Identify the secondary (2o) structures of proteins and explain how they are stabilized (be precise
about where the stabilizing occurs).

/3

10. The monomer of a nucleic acid is a nucleotide. Sketch a general diagram of this molecule below, Page | 3
and label the subunits involved. Also, number the carbons in the sugar.

/3

11. Why is RNA thought to be the precursor to DNA?

/2

2. Identify 3 roles of RNA aside from carrying the DNA code to the ribosomes to make protein.

/3

3. Compare and contrast DNA, RNA and nucleotides/dinucleotides.

Each space in the Venn Diagram below should have a minimum of 1 point in it.

/7 DNA

RNA

ATP & dinucleotides

like NADP+