AIM: To determine the pH values of the given samples of (1) dilute HCl (2) dilute H2SO4

(3) NaOH (4) CH3COOH (5) NH4OH (6) NaHCO3

THEORY: pH is the negative logarithm of H3O+ ion concentration.
pH = -log [H3O+]
A solution having
(a) pH < 7 is acidic
(b) pH > 7 is basic
(c) pH = 7 is neutral

MATERIALS REQUIRED: Test tubes with test tube stand, glass droppers, beakers,
solutions of HCl, H2SO4, NaOH, CH3COOH, NH4OH, NaHCO3, pH papers, pH chart and
universal indicator solution.

PROCEDURE:
1. Taken the given samples of different solutions in different test tubes and numbered them
as 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6.
2. Taken one drop of solution from test tube 1 and put on the pH papers.
3. Noted the colour of pH paper and matched against the pH chart.
4. Noted the approximate pH value given with the matched colour.
5. Repeated the steps 2 to 4 with the solutions in other test tubes one by one.
6. Added 1-2 drops of universal indicator solution in test tube 1 and matched the colour of
the solution with chart given with universal indicator solution and noted its pH.
7. Repeated the step 6 with solutions in other test tubes one by one.

OBSERVATIONS:
Test tube Solution pH paper Universal Nature of
number Indicator Solution

Colour Value Colour Value

1 Dil. HCl
2 H2SO4
3 CH3COOH
4 NaOH
5 NH4OH
6 NaHCO3

RESULT:
In the given samples of different solutions, there are _____ solutions of acidic nature, _____
solutions of basic nature and ____ solutions of neutral nature.