Congestive heart failure (CHF) Concept Map

Definition: your heart is not able to pump enough blood to your body’s needs.

Signs & symptoms:

 Fatigue and weakness
 Edema
 tachycardia
 Persistent coughing/wheezing
 Weight gain
 Nausea and vomiting
 Difficulty concentrating or decreased alertness
 Chest pain
 Shortness of breath/crackles
 Malnutrition
 Cyanosis, pale, cool skin, decreased perfusion to extremities
 Cardivascular: S3
 Murmurs
 Jugular vein distention

Causes:
 Coronary artery disease and heart attack
 Myocardial infarction
 Cardiomyopathy
 Pulmonary hypertension
 Hypertension
 Myocarditis
 Congenital heart defects
 Excess work demands (pressure, volume, perfusion)
 Thrombosis

Risk factors:
 Congenital heart defects
 Hypertension
 High cholesterol
 Diabetes
 Obesity
 COPD & CAD patients
 Age 60+
 African American
 Heart attack
 Irregular heartbeats
 Sleep apnea

This study source was downloaded by 100000830563221 from CourseHero.com on 09-12-2023 19:05:11 GMT -05:00

https://www.coursehero.com/file/210301737/CHF-Concept-Mapdocx/
  Viruses
 Alcohol use
 Kidney conditions

Diagnosis:
 Diagnostics tests:
o ECG
o Echocardiogram
o Ultrasound
o Heart catheterization
o Angiography
o BNP
o MUGAscan

Treatment:
 Medications
o ACE inhibitors
o Angiotensin II receptor blockers(ARBs)
o Digoxin
o Beta blockers
o Diuretics
o Aldosterone antagonists
 Surgery & medical devices
o heart valve repair or surgery
o coronary artery bypass graf
o heart transplant
o Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT)
o Heart pumps (lef ventricular assist device or LVADs)
 Lifestyle
o Stop smoking
o Reduce salt, fat, alcohol, & cholesterol in diet
o Reduce stress
o Sleep
o Exercise
o Weigh yourself daily

This study source was downloaded by 100000830563221 from CourseHero.com on 09-12-2023 19:05:11 GMT -05:00

https://www.coursehero.com/file/210301737/CHF-Concept-Mapdocx/
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