1/9/24, 3:00 PM How to Specify a Pressure Gauge ~ Learning Instrumentation And Control Engineering

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Pressure gauges are ubiquitous devices. They are everywhere you go. In a process plant, pressure gauges and Specifications
sensors are the eyes of the plant. If there is a process irregularity, the first point is usually a pressure gauge Instrumentation Books for Ins
somewhere in the plant that has indicated to us that something is not right with the process. Engineers and Technicians
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Given their importance and the fact that they are common place, we tend to take them for granted and in the How to Calibrate a Pressure G
process avoidable mistakes are made. When you need to replace a bad pressure gauge, most often we just buy a
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replacement with similar product and range. But this could be dangerous! How can you then specify the correct Calculator
gauge to avoid mistakes? We intend to achieve that with this article.
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Parts of a Pressure Gauge
Before you can accurately specify a pressure gauge, you need to know the various parts that make up
the gauge:

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1/9/24, 3:00 PM How to Specify a Pressure Gauge ~ Learning Instrumentation And Control Engineering

Minor, Figure and Total Graduations

In the Dial of a pressure gauge, you have minor graduation, figure
graduation and total graduation as shown in the diagram
overleaf. When specifying a pressure gauge, the minor and figure
graduation are required to be specified.

How to Specify a Pressure Gauge

To specify a pressure gauge accurately, the common parts of the
gauge and other parameters will need to be specified. These
CATEGORIES
common parts of the pressure gauge and other parameters required are tabulated below for a guide should you
need to specify a gauge for your application: Control Valves (
Parts of Flow meters (
Pressure Temperature sen
Descriptions
Gauge to
Specify
( 22 ) Calibration
Instrumentation Diagram
Process DP Transmitters ( 15
Specify the process fluid where the gauge will be used e.g Natural gas, air , water etc
Fluid Measurement ( 15 )
Temperatur Specify maximum process temperature and ambient temperature where the pressure Plates ( 12 ) Transmitte
e gauge will be installed Thermocouples ( 11 ) Pn
Systems ( 10 ) Pressure
Pressure ( 10 ) Process Control (
Specify the pressure range e.g 0 - 100 bar, 0 - 300 psi etc
Range ( 9 ) pressure sensors
Figure Electricals ( 7 ) Electrical N
Specify the figure interval required for the pressure gauge HART Protocol ( 6 ) Pressur
Interval
( 6 ) 4 - 20mA Signals ( 5 )
Minor Instrumentation ( 4 ) Digital
Specify the minor graduation required for the pressure gauge
Graduation Multimeters ( 2 ) Fluke pressure
Specify the expected accuracy performance of gauge. 0.1% of full scale for test ( 2 ) Instrumment Engineer
Nominal Thermowells ( 2 ) Electric Mo
gauges: 0.5 to 1% of full scale for industrial gauges; 1 to 3% of full scale for utility
Accuracy Instrument Engineers ( 1 ) M
quality gauges.
terminology ( 1 ) Motor Nameplate (
Specify Dial size of gauge. Common dial size of pressure gauges are : 1 in. (25 mm),
Dial Size 1.5 in. (40 mm), 2 in. (50 mm), 2.5 in. (63.5 mm), 3.5 in. (89 mm), 4 in. (100 mm),
4.5 in. (114 mm), 6 in. (150 mm), 10 in. (250 mm).
Specify case material for the pressure gauge. Case materials are available in drawn
steel, cast iron, aluminum, brass, polypropylene, phenolic resin materials or stainless
steel.
Drawn steel is the most economical selection.
Case Cast iron case is desired where ruggedness is the goal
Material Brass is selected for decorative value and for anti-magnetic applications
Aluminum is utilized on limited-weight installations.
Phenolic resin or polypropylene case materials are used in corrosive atmospheres.
Stainless steel cases are used for special applications such as the sanitary industry.
Common stainless steel (SS) variants are 304SS and 316SS
Specify the pressure gauge case style in accordance with your application. Common
Case Style case styles includes open front, solid front, cylindrical case, rear blowout disk, rear
blowout back
Specify the ring material for the pressure gauge. In most cases case material and ring
Ring
material are same for a pressure gauge but differences could occur. Common ring
Material
materials 304 SS and 316 SS

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1/9/24, 3:00 PM How to Specify a Pressure Gauge ~ Learning Instrumentation And Control Engineering

Specify the lens or window material of the gauge. Pressure gauge lens are available in
Window/Len
a variety of materials, including shatterproof, flat, and beveled glass or cellulose
s
acetate, acrylic, and non-electrostatic plastics.
Dial Specify the dial material and colour of the pressure gauge. Gauge dials are made of
Material/Col steel, brass, aluminum, solid plastic, or laminated plastic, with black graduations on
our white background or in other color combinations
Specify the gauge pointer material and style. The most common pointer material is
Gauge
Aluminium black. Adjustable pointers and maximum pointer pressure gauges are also
Pointer
available in certain applications.
Bourdon Specify the materials of the sensing element for the pressure gauge. Most pressure
Tube gauge has the C-shaped Bourdon tube as the movement or sensing element. e.g
(Sensing Phosphor bronze, alloy steel, 316 or 403 stainless steel, beryllium copper, Monel, or
Element) Ni-Span C.
Socket
Specify the socket materials. Typical socket material is the 316L SS
Material
Connection Specify the NPT connection size of the pressure gauge. Typical connection sizes for
Size gauges include 1/8'', 1/4'' , 1/2'' , 1'' etc.
Connection
Specify whether it is going to be lower or back of gauge case
Location
Weather Will the pressure gauge have weather protection? Is the gauge being installed in a
Protection harsh environment? Specify the weather protection class e.g IP 54, IP 65, NEMA 4X etc
Specify the mounting position of the pressure gauge. Typical mounting positions
Mounting
include stem , panel mounting, flush or surface.
Specify the type of liquid fill required for the pressure gauge. In applications where
pulsation or vibrations are significant, liquid filled pressure gauges are the desired
Liquid Fill
application choice. Typical liquid fill include Glycerin (most common), Silicone and
Halocarbon

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Learning Instrumentation And Control Engineering

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