ABSTRACT

This is an Android-based application that implements an automatic alarm ringing mechanism. It

focuses on the interaction between the doctor and the patient. Patients do not have to remember when
to take their medications because they can set an alarm. The alert can be set for numerous medicines
and times, as well as the date, time, and medication description. A notification will be issued to them
via email or message within the system, as preferred by the patients. They might look for a doctor by
disease. Patients will be given contact information of doctors based on their availability. Users can
also view various articles connected to medical professions and healthcare suggestions. The system
prioritizes simple navigation and an appealing user interface. Many similar Medical Reminder
Systems have been established where new hardware is necessary, but in our work, we attempted to
develop a system that is cost-effective, timesaving, and aids in medication adherence.
 Index

CHAPTER TITLE PAGE NO.

NO.
Title
Certificate from Institute
Certificate from Student
Abstract

1. INTRODUCTION
1.1 Motivation for work
1.2 Objective of the work
1.3 Goals

2. LITERATURE SRRVEY
2.1 Introduction

2.2 Research
2.3 Reasons for low medication adherence
3. SYSTEM ANALYSIS
3.1 Limitations
3.2 Proposed application
3.3 Advantages of the proposed application

3.4 Setting alarm

3.5 Getting Notifications

4. IDEA IMPLEMENTATION

5. FUTURE ENHANCEMENT AND

CONCLUSION
5.1 Future enhancement

5.2 Result and Conclusion

5.3 Reference
 INTRODUCTION

All human beings are included in the group of patients, including teachers, students, businesspeople,
housewives, and children, and we all have a rigorous schedule. Life today is full of duties and stress.
As a result, people are vulnerable to many ailments, and it is our responsibility to keep ourselves fit
and healthy. If the patient stays at home, he or she may have someone look after him or her, but if the
patient is not at home, is out of the city or state away from home, it is difficult for family members to
phone and remind them of their dosage schedules every time. In our ever changing and
technologically dependent world, we rely entirely on devices, particularly smart phones. Nowadays,
everyone owns a smartphone. This allows us to better utilize technology and make it more beneficial
to us. It also plays a vital role in our daily lives and helps us keep fit in a variety of ways. The
remarkable difficulty is that people forget to take the correct drugs in the proper proportions and at
the proper time. [1]. Medication non-adherence is a widespread, difficult, and costly issue that
contributes to poor treatment and takes health care resources.

Am android application whose goal is to remind patients of their dosage times via an Alarm Ringing
system, allowing them to remain fit and healthy. They can use navigation to find doctors, hospitals,
and contact information, allowing them to receive adequate treatment on time. This software is
designed for folks who forget to take their medications on time. It allows users to create an alarm in
addition to the date, time, and medicine description sections, allowing them to set alarms for
numerous medicines at different time intervals. Following the activation of an alert, the notification
system will send a notification. The user has the option to activate or deactivate the notifications.

Goals:

It can be useful in the defense industry and in emergencies (accidents), as well as in spreading health
care knowledge. It is a lifesaving, money-saving, and time-saving application that is simple to use
and has an appealing user interface.

Motivation for work:

It is a lifesaving, money-saving, and time-saving tool with an easy-to-use user interface. A

medication reminder synchronization system sends OMA (open mobile alliance) and DS (data
synchronization) messages to a remote medical staff with the patient's medication data and device
setup data. It also synchronizes data (including medication schedules) modified/generated in the
medication server by these personnel. Prasad B has explained the Medicine reminder pro method. It
is a free application that allows for up to 10 reminders. The user can choose between repeating and
non-repeating alarms. Any hourly time interval between alerts can be chosen, with a minimum of 1
hour. The application will generate a notification with an alarm, vibration, or LED signal at the
specified time
 They do not offer disease-specific searches for doctors, simply mandatory notifications, and no
facilities for organizing appointments with doctors. Some systems have a preset alarm tone that users
cannot modify. The planned reminder suggests any type of medicine, a dose of medicine, and so on
without a doctor's prescription, which can hurt people. Finally, many of the available solutions
necessitate the acquisition of specialized hardware. As a result, because it is free and simple to use,
this software would be extremely beneficial to people of all ages.

Objective of the work:

Developing an android application in future whose goal is to remind patients of their dosage times
through an alarm system, allowing them to stay healthy and do not forget the medication timings.
They can use navigation to find doctors, hospitals, and contact information so that they can receive
adequate treatment on time. An app must be designed for people who forget to take their medications
on time. It allows users to set an alarm in addition to the fields of date, time, and medicine
description, allowing them to set alarms for numerous medicines at different time intervals. After you
set an alarm, the notification system will give you a notification. The user can choose whether to
activate or deactivate the notification. It will be sent via email or message, depending on the user's
preference.
 LITERATURE SURVEY

Introduction :

According to the WHO, Poor adherence can be dangerous to one’s health. For example, the risk of
hospitalized patients with diabetes, arrhythmia, high blood pressure, who did not follow prescribed
treatment are higher than the rest of the population. Even in the strictly controlled and monitored
environment of a clinical test, the rate of nonadherence might vary greatly. Patients with long-term
diseases are less likely to follow prescriptions than those in an acute state.

Research:

The efficacy of a therapy or treatment is directly proportional to a patient's capacity and willingness
to adhere to a specified schedule. The patient's ability to read and comprehend drug instructions is
critical. Patients who struggle to grasp the directions in a prescription, resulting in low adherence and
poor medication management and consumption. Low literacy issues must be identified, and actions
developed with this constraint in mind. According to a 2011 study published in Health Affairs, a
patient with heart failure who does not take prescribed medication or forgets to take their medication
costs the U.S. healthcare system almost $8,000 per year. The figures for other diseases are also
expensive: about $4,000 per patient with high blood pressure, over $3,700 per patient with diabetes,
and around $1,200 per patient with high cholesterol. Since 2010, Dr. Brennan and a team of
researchers at Brigham and Women's Hospital in Boston have been examining this issue by
reviewing pharmaceutical insurance claims data. They've identified various reasons for not taking
correct medication, one of which is that patients who take multiple medications for a range of
diseases face a greater risk of problems. There are currently roughly 80 million people in the United
States who have various chronic diseases and drugs to manage. Patients who have multiple
prescriptions are hesitant to take medications because they may struggle to manage a regimen that
includes taking several different medications throughout the depending.

Reasons for low medication adherence:

Several articles were read when creating and planning this thesis because it was extremely difficult to
do the job with minimal understanding. Taking into account the Geriatric and disabled populations,
we surveyed them, inquiring about their fundamental drug needs.

We questioned people in non-governmental organizations about their medication problems and what
type of feasibility they expected from the medication reminder. Various studies concerning
medication reminders were also considered. "Automatic Pill Dispenser" In this study, a gadget with
no human influence is described. This system employs the concept of rotating compartments in a
circular stepwise motion utilizing a stepper motor to store the pills. It also has a built-in warning
system with a gadget that includes an LED and a buzzer to signal the time of medication. The
fundamental downside of this method is that it requires manual system handling. They also utilized a
smartphone, which is rarely used by senior individuals. The "Pill Dispenser with Alarm Via Smart
Phone Notification" system proposes a dispenser that includes an alarm system that assists in
receiving alerts in the form of notifications on smartphones.

They used available technology to deliver notifications to smartphones. After getting the notification,
the user must hit the dispenser button situated on the pill dispenser unit. However, in this
arrangement, the user must press a button on the dispensing machine, which costs energy.
Furthermore, it requires use of a smartphone, which many older folks do not have.The healthcare
provider will construct a medication schedule with an Android app and load drugs into the gadget.
The patient receives a text message reminder to take the tablets at the appointed time. The Android
app uses Bluetooth to send signals to the device. The patient must flip the device so that one pill is
trapped in the tip of the cone and dispensed using the vibrator. As a result, specific protocols must be
followed for medication dispensing, which is a difficult task for the elderly and crippled. There are
also multiple patents for various types of drug administration devices. Below is a quick summary of
the products offered by each patent: Medicine Dispenser with Timer: This product is essentially a
timed dispenser that will notify the user about the drug. To acquire the correct dosage, the pills must
first be prepared in the dispenser machine.

Several web articles detailed the risks and issues that people are experiencing with their medications
these days. Following doctor's prescriptions on time has become a major difficulty for many these
days, according to these publications. Several web articles detailed the risks and issues that people
are experiencing with their medications these days. Following doctor's prescriptions on time has
become a major difficulty for many these days, according to these publications.
 SYSTEM ANALYSIS

This section discusses the application. Because the application should be created in Python, users
only need to run the main Python executable with the required arguments specified throughout this
section to use it. A more extensive explanation of the system's files and data can be found in the
attachments section, under the User Guide section.

Limitations:

To move forward with the system's implementation, we must first establish the requirements that will
allow us to complete it. We can summarize the primary system requirements that must be considered
throughout system implementation.

Which of the following is correct:

1. The app should not fail under any circumstances.

2. The database should be carefully maintained.

3. The alarm should function properly and without error.

4. The hardware system would be software friendly.

Uses the notion of rotating compartments in a circular stepwise manner using a stepper motor to store
the tablets. A smartphone notification is provided.

Elderly patients rarely use smartphones. Blind people cannot use it since they must press the
button on the dispensing machine.
They should use available technology to deliver notifications to smartphones application. After
getting the notification, the user must hit the dispenser button situated on the pill dispenser unit.
Proposed Application:

The application should be based on the Android operating system and will remind users to take their
medications on time via notification and an alarm-sounding system. The application should concern
the main group of Android users because they are greater in comparison to IOS users. The framework
is intended to make component reuse and integration easier. A necessary file is used to build Android
apps. At compile time, the manifest file values are bound to the program. It gives important
information to an Android system for managing an application. A manifest file may contain
information like as descriptions of the app's contents.

The information provided by the patient into the system is referred to as input, and it comprises the
date, time, medicine name, doctor’s name, and so on. The system’s output focuses on “Medication
Adherence”. Medication adherence often refers to whether or not patients take their drugs as
prescribed and whether or not they continue to take a prescribed medication. Medication
nonadherence is an increasing concern for doctors, healthcare systems, and other stakeholders (for
example, payers) due to evidence that it is widespread and associated with negative outcomes and
greater healthcare expenditures.

Advantages of proposed application:

Users will also receive notifications through message. It will provide information on the time to take
the medications. The should schedule appointment with the doctor, including contact information,
visiting time, venue etc. In case of missed appointment, a new appointment will be scheduled as a
result. The approach aims to increase the rate of attendance at medical appointments. Personal phone
notifications and reminders can help improve medication adherence tactics significantly. It facilitates
simple deployment because it is less expensive, dependable, scalable, available to anybody with a
smartphone, and does not require separate devices, packaging, or additional hardware. If the user's
phone is turned off and he has set the alarm and the notification is turned on, he will still be able to
get notifications by email or message (on his device as well as on other registered numbers), thus it
works even when the battery is running low. A facility for keeping the record of doctor's next visit
has also been focused on in the system. In addition, It will be basically a reminder app for the
patients.

System Design and Implementation:

Drug reminder apps help in maintaining the proper dosages and eliminate the dosage errors. The
Reminder system is divided into two parts: setting the alarm and receiving notifications.

Setting alarm-:
It aids in the recall of medications. The user can enter information about his dose schedules. Using
the date column, one can input the starting and finishing dates for taking medications. It allows
patients’ records to be accessed at any time. They can alter the alarm ringtone from the ringtones
saved in the devices.

Receiving notifications :-

When the alarm is set, the user receives a notification. This can be activated or deactivated by the
users. If he does not need the notice, he can disable it. If he requires this system, he will receive a
notification on his device.
 IDEA IMPLEMENTATION

The goal is to develop a system that supports patients or those who are medically vulnerable by sending out
regular reminders about dosage and health-related issues. The Raspberry Pi-based drug dispenser system is
intended to provide a thorough understanding of its design, with high-level comprehension required to
comprehend its more sophisticated components. Prescription collecting, which decides the number of pills to
take and when to take them, and pill storage are both inputs to the system. Android is used to create interesting
mobile applications that maximize the capabilities of a handset. Because of its enormous market dominance,
the system is exclusively defined on the Android operating system. Android provides an application
development framework that includes services for building graphical user interface (GUI) applications, data
access, and other component kinds.The framework attempts to facilitate component reuse and integration.

The app’s summary includes the patient’s information, such as the date, time, and medicine image. The output
of the system focuses on “Medication Adherence,” which is becoming a growing concern for doctors,
healthcare systems, and stakeholders due to its pervasive impact on negative outcomes and increased
healthcare costs.
 FUTURE ENHANCEMENT

A new strategy for improving drug adherence in healthcare has been developed. The device can read
doctors' handwriting and save prescriptions or reports in digital form, making them easier for patients
to grasp. The mobile application can be developed and hosted in the cloud, giving clinicians access
to patient data and the ability to plan appointments. The method is inexpensive, simple to use, and
improves drug adherence. Medication noncompliance reduces treatment efficacy and creates
financial strain on healthcare systems. Patients will be given a schedule of drug in-take times,
descriptions, starting and finishing dates, notification via message or email, an alarm ringing system,
and a navigation system. The technology protects patients and prevents improper dosing. Patients can
also search for doctors based on their ailment, saving time and money.

Doctors can monitor scheduled appointments and establish new ones. The emphasis is on enhancing
the overall performance of the system, with a particular emphasis on video conferencing and secure
prescriptions. The system's goal is to improve patient-doctor communication and prescription
security.
 RESULT

The app has an easy-to-use layout, constant reminders, and tools to help with drug adherence.
According to a survey of 100 people of various ages, the combination of these traits is good. The
majority of users, almost 40%, thought it was useful to search for a doctor by disease. For 58 percent
of the population, geographic location was also an excellent choice. The appointment scheduling tool
was especially useful for those under the age of 55, as older people are more likely to miss
medication schedules and appointments. Users are given a schedule of medicine in-take times,
descriptions, start and end dates, message or email notifications, an automatic alarm ringing system,
and a navigation system. The feature of automatic alarm ringing was discovered to benefit 100% of
the population.

The application also caters to young people who are Interested in innovative medical treatments and
healthcare
 CONCLUSION

After taking the reference of many projects, research papers, articles, which were solely based on the
medication dispensers as well as considering the problems and the challenges faced by the differently
abled individuals who cannot take the medications on their own and so on. I have concluded a
system application which can help in eliminating all these problems and disadvantages of the
existing systems.

It is a mobile phone based application(mainly Android based) which is a medication reminder app. It
has the potential that can reduce the medication adherence and blood pressure, diabetes etc in the
patients. They will receive a pre planned schedule of medication in-take times, an image of the
required medicine, the start of the alarming system and notification reminder system and the doctor’s
contact information. The application should not advise any prescription that wasn’t prescribed by a
doctor, to ensure the patient safety and avoid error dosages. And that will be done without any extra
cost.
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https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5544449/

This is a gov. website article from where we got the Idea.

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