PHYSICS INVESTIGATORY

PROJECT

TOPIC
To Determine the Combined Focal Length Of The Lens
System
PREPARED BY
NAME: CHINMAY UPADHYAYA
CLASS: XII-A
ROLL NO: 26606912
SESSON: 2023-24
SUPERVISED BY: NEETA SIKRI
 OBSERVATIONS
Serial Lenses Focal Combined focal Combined focal
no. length(cm) length. length.
(with formula) (experimentally)

1. Convex(L1) 10
2. Concave(L2) 15

Serial Lenses Focal Combined focal Combined focal

no. length(cm) length. length.
(with formula) (experimentally)

1. Convex(L1) 10
2. Convex(L1) 10

Serial Lenses Focal Combined focal Combined focal

no. length(cm) length. length.
(with formula) (experimentally)

1. Concave(L2) 15
2. Concave(L2) 15
 CALCULATIONS
1/F = 1/f1 + 1/f2 - d/f1f2
1/F = 1/10 + 1/(-9) - 7.2/(10)(-9)
1/F = -1/90 + 7.2/90 = 6.2/90
F = 90/6.2 cm
Therefore, F = 14.516 cm

SOURCES OF ERROR
 The uprights may not be the vertical.

 Parallax removal may not be perfect.

PRECAUTIONS
 Tips of the object and image needles should lie at the same height as
the centre of the lens.

 Parallax should be removed from tip to tip by keeping eye at a

distance at least 30cm away from the needle.

 The object needle should be placed at such a distance that only real,
inverted image of it is formed.

CONCLUSION
The combined focal length of one convex and one concave lenses having
focal length 10 cm and 9 cm respectively and separated by a distance of
7.2 cm is 14.516 cm.

So on combination of the one convex and one concave lens the effective
focal length increases and hence its effective power decreases.

The effective nature of the combined lens system is converging i.e.

convex lens since focal length for the system comes out to be positive.
BIBLOGRAPHY
• Comprehensive Pratical Physics Class XII
• NCERT Physics Part – II
• Experimental Physics
• www.wikipedia.com

THANKYOU