The Philippine

Independence Act
of 1943 or
Tydings-Mcduffie
Act
Presented by Arumpac & Tumagad
What is Tydings-Mcduffie Act?
also known as the Philippine Commonwealth and
Independence Act.
A U.S statute that provided for the Philippine
independence, to take effect on July 4, 1946, after
a 10 year transitional period of commonwealth
government.
the bill was signed by U.S. Pres. Franklin D.
Roosevelt on march 24, 1934, and was sent to the
Philippine senate for approval. It was approved on
May 1, 1934.
 Provisions of Act:
The Tydings-McDuffie Act set a 10-year transition
period during which the Philippines would be prepared
for self-government.
It provided for the establishment of a formal
constitution and a Commonwealth government for
the Philippines during the transition period.
FRANKLIN D. ROOSEVELT
MANUEL L. QUEZON
Spanish-mestizo
born in 1878
1903, attended his law degree on
Colegio de San Juan de Letran
(CSJL) and the University of Santo
Thomas (UST)
1904, he placed fouth at the Bar
exams.
became a member of the Philippine
Assembly in 1907.
1916, he was the senate president
1944, he died due to tuberculosis
SERGIO OSMENA
Born in Cebu City on 1878
educated at CSJL and UST
1903, he placed second in the bar
exam
was elected to the Philippine
Assembly in 1907 and was
appointed to become the speaker.
served as senator from 1922 until
1935 before being elected vice-
president to Quezon.
he assumed the presidency of
Commonwealth government. Held
the position until 1946.
MANUEL ROXAS
Born in 1892 in Capiz.
Educated at the University of the
Philippines and also is a bar top in
1913.
served in his home province as a
councilor and as a governor
because he was elected to
Philippine Assembly in 1922 and as
senator in 1941
He was elected as the first
president of the Third Philippine
Republic in 1946.
CARLOS P. ROMULO
he represented the
Philippines in Congress as
the Resident Commissioner,
representing the country
during the Tydings-
McDuffie Act's transitional
phase.
 The Philippine Independence Act
(Tydings-McDuffie Act)
March 23, 1934

AN ACT TO PROVIDE FOR THE COMPLETE INDEPENDENCE

OF THE PHILIIPPINE ISLAND, TO PROVIDE FOR ADOPTION OF
A CONSTITUTION AND A FORM OF GOVERNMENT FOR THE
ISLANDS, AND OTHER PURPOSES.
Convention to Frame Constitution for
Philippine Islands (Section 1)
Character of Constitutions — Mandatory
Provisions (Section 2)
Relations with the United States Pending
Complete Independence (Section 6)
Section 7
Section 8
Recognition of Philippine Independence and
Withdrawal of American Sovereignty (Section
10)
Tariff Duties After Independence (Section 13)
Immigration After Independence (Section 14)
 Section 1
Convention for Constitution to frame Philippine Island

The Philippine Legislature is authorized to elect delegates for a

constitutional convention to draft a constitution for the
Commonwealth of the Philippine Islands. The convention will meet
in the House of Representatives and will govern the territory ceded
to the United States by the 1898 treaty of peace and the islands
embraced in the 1900 treaty.
 Section 2
Character of Constitutions — Mandatory Provisions

(a) The constitution, drafted in a republican form, shall include a bill of rights
and provisions stating that, pending the US's complete withdrawal of
sovereignty over the Philippine Islands -

1. All citizens of the Philippine Islands shall owe allegiance to the United
States.
2. Before assuming their duties, all officers of the Commonwealth of the
Philippine Islands must take an oath of office, acknowledging the supreme
authority of the United States.
 Section 2
3. The policy ensures absolute toleration of religious sentiment, prohibiting any person or
organization from being molested due to their religious beliefs or worship practices.
4. The United States' property, cemeteries, churches, and other religious, charitable, or
educational-use lands, buildings, and improvements are exempt from taxation.
5. Trade relations between the Philippine Islands and the United States shall be upon the
basis prescribed in section 6.
6. The Philippine Islands' public debt and branches must not exceed US Congress's limits,
and foreign loans require US President approval before contracting.
7. The new government will assume and pay the existing debts, liabilities, and obligations of
the Philippine Government, its provinces, municipalities, and instrumentalities upon the
adoption of the constitution.
 Section 2
8. The provision is made for the establishment and maintenance of an adequate public
school system, primarily conducted in English.
9. The President of the United States must approve any acts affecting currency, coinage,
imports, exports, and immigration before they become law.
10. The United States will be in direct control and supervision of foreign affairs.
11. The Philippine Commonwealth's Legislature must report all acts to the United States
Congress.
12. The Philippine Islands acknowledge the US's right to expropriate property, maintain
military and reserves, and call Philippine government-organized forces into service upon
President's order.
 Section 2
13. The Supreme Court of the United States will review the decisions of the courts of the
Commonwealth of the Philippine Islands, as per paragraph 6 of section 7.
14. The United States has the right to intervene in the Commonwealth of the Philippine
Islands through Presidential proclamation, ensuring the preservation of government,
protection of life, property, and individual liberty.
15. The United States High Commissioner's authority to govern the Commonwealth of the
Philippine Islands, as outlined in this Act, shall be recognized.
16. The United States citizens and corporations are entitled to all civil rights in the
Commonwealth of the Philippine Islands.
 Section 2
(b) The constitution will include provisions effective from the President's proclamation
recognizing the independence of the Philippine Islands.

1. The United States and the Philippine Islands are to promptly adjust and settle their
property rights, ensuring that all existing US citizens and corporations' rights are
respected and safeguarded.
2. Officials elected under the Act are constitutional officers of the Philippine Islands'
free and independent government, qualified to function as if directly elected, and
serve their full terms.
 Section 2
(b) The constitution will include provisions effective from the President's proclamation
recognizing the independence of the Philippine Islands.

1. The United States and the Philippine Islands are to promptly adjust and settle their
property rights, ensuring that all existing US citizens and corporations' rights are
respected and safeguarded.
2. Officials elected under the Act are constitutional officers of the Philippine Islands'
free and independent government, qualified to function as if directly elected, and
serve their full terms.
 Section 2
3. The Philippine Islands' free and independent government will assume valid debts and
liabilities after the US withdraws sovereignty. If bonds are issued, the Philippine
Government will provide funds for interest and principal payments, making these
obligations a first lien on taxes collected in the Philippines.
4. The Philippine Islands' government will fulfill all obligations owed to the United States
under the treaty of peace with Spain, upon independence.
5. The Philippine Islands Government assures the United States that they will incorporate
the provisions mentioned in the treaty, except for paragraph (2).
 Section 6
Relations with the United States Pending
Complete Independence
Trade ties between the United States and the Philippine Islands will continue as
currently established by law following the date of the Commonwealth of the Philippine
Islands government's inauguration, with the following exceptions:

(a) A levy, collection, and payment is required for any refined sugars exceeding fifty
thousand long tons, including almost eight hundred thousand long tons of unprocessed
sugar thousands of long tons that enter the country from the Philippine Islands in any
given calendar year are subject to the same rates of duty that must be applied,
collected, and paid according to US law, just like goods that are imported from other
nations.
 Section 6
(b) The same rates of duty that are required by US law to be imposed, collected,
and paid on similar items imported from other nations shall be applied to all
coconut oil entering the US from the Philippine Islands in any calendar year that
exceeds 200,000 long tons.
(c) All hard fibers, including Manila (abaca) yarn, twine, cord, cordage, rope, and
cable, imported from the Philippine Islands into the United States, must be
levied, collected, and paid at the same rates as foreign articles.
 Section 6
(d) If the Philippine Islands reach the limit for free-duty exports to the US,
the amount of articles produced or manufactured will be allocated
proportionately to producers or manufacturers under export permits.
However, unrefined sugar will be allocated to sugar-producing mills based
on average annual production for 1931, 1932, and 1933. The government of
the Philippine Islands is authorized to adopt laws and regulations for this
allocation.
 Section 6
(e) The Commonwealth of the Philippine Islands government will impose an export
tax on all articles free of duty from the Philippine Islands, including those in
subdivisions (a), (b), and (c), within specified limits.

1. The new government will impose a 5% export tax on imported articles within
six years of inauguration, following the US's duty rates.
2. The new government will impose a 10% export tax on imported articles from
foreign countries within seven years of inauguration.
3. The new government will impose a 15% export tax on imported articles from
foreign countries within eight years of inauguration.
 Section 6
4.The new government will impose a 20% export tax on imported articles from
foreign countries within nine years of inauguration.
5. After the ninth year of the new government, the export tax will be 25% of the
US duty rates on imported articles.

Islands, provinces, municipalities, and instrumentalities until such indebtedness has

been fully discharged. When used in this section in a geographical sense, the term
"United States" includes all Territories and possessions of the United States, except
the Philippine Islands, the Virgin Islands, American Samoa, and the island of Guam.
 Section 7
Until the final and complete withdrawal of American sovereignty over the Philippine
Islands-
1. The Commonwealth of the Philippine Islands' constitution must be approved by the US
President within six months, and if approved, it becomes part of the constitution.
2. The US President can suspend laws, contracts, or executive orders of the
Commonwealth of the Philippine Islands government if they fail to fulfill contracts,
meet bonded indebtedness, provide sinking funds, impair currency reserves, or violate
US international obligations.
3. The Chief Executive of the Commonwealth of the Philippine Islands is required to
provide an annual report to the US President and Congress on its government's
operations.
 Section 7
4. The President appoints a United States High Commissioner to the Commonwealth of the
Philippine Islands, with Senate approval. This representative represents the President in
the Philippines and is recognized by the government, military forces, and civil officials.
They have access to government records and can request information from the Chief
Executive.

The Commonwealth of the Philippine Islands government must pay any bonded or
indebtedness or interest due to its contracts. The United States High Commissioner must
report the situation to the President, who may direct the High Commissioner to manage
customs offices and apply revenue for payment. The High Commissioner must also
perform additional duties as directed by the President.
 Section 7
The US High Commissioner will receive the same compensation as the Governor-General
of the Philippine Islands and have appropriate staff and assistants. The US will cover the
salaries and expenses of the High Commissioner and his staff.

The first United States High Commissioner appointed under this Act will assume office
upon the inauguration of the new government of the Commonwealth of the Philippine
Islands.
 Section 7
5. The Commonwealth of the Philippine Islands government will select a Resident
Commissioner to the United States, who will represent the government and have a seat in
the House of Representatives. The Commissioner's salary and expenses will be fixed by the
Philippine Islands government. Current law governing Resident Commissioner
appointments will continue until qualified.

6. The Supreme Court of the United States will review cases from the Philippine Islands,
including those involving the constitution of the Commonwealth of the Philippine Islands.
 Section 10
Recognition of Philippine Independence and
Withdrawal of American Sovereignty
(a) On July 4th, the US President will withdraw all US possession, supervision,
jurisdiction, control, or sovereignty over the Philippine Islands, including military and
other reservations, after ten years of the new government's inauguration. The US will
recognize the Philippines as a separate, self-governing nation and acknowledge its
authority and control under the current constitution.

(b) The US President is authorized to negotiate with the Philippine Islands

Government within two years of recognizing their independence, adjusting and
settling US naval reservations and fueling stations, while maintaining their current
status.
 Section 13
Tariff Duties After Independence

The Philippine Islands will be subject to duties on all articles imported

into the United States after independence. A conference of
representatives from the United States and the Commonwealth of the
Philippine Islands will be held one year before independence to
formulate recommendations for future trade relations. The President of
the United States will determine the time, place, and manner of the
conference.
 Section 14
Immigration After Independence

After American sovereignty is removed from the Philippine

Islands, immigration laws from the United States will apply to
individuals born in the islands, including those ineligible for
citizenship.
Thank
You!