JABATAN KEJURUTERAAN

AWAM POLITEKNIK UNGKU

OMAR

SESI SEPTEMBER 2022

COURSE CODE DCC 30112

COURSE NAME GEOTECHNICAL & HIGHWAY ENGINEERING
LABORATORY
ASSESMENT LABORATORY REPORTS
CLASS DKA3B
LECTURER PN. NOR MAIZAN BT. ABU BAKAR

DATE OF 15-11-2022
SUBMISSION

REGISTRATION NAME CLO MARKS

NUMBER

01DKA21F1038 KIRTIGAN S/O

MAHALINGAM
01DKA21F1054 MUHAMM
AD
HAZLAMI
BIN ABDUL
HALIM

1
CONTENT

 OBJECTIVE…………………………………………………………………….... 3

 INTRODUCTION……………………………………………………………...... 3

 APPARATUS…………………………………………………………………..… 4

 PROCEDURE……………………………………………………………………. 6

 DATA AND CALCULATION………………………………………………….. 7

 GRAPH…………………………………………………………………………... 8

 CONCLUSION…………………………………………………………….……. 9

 REFERENCES………………………………………………………………….. .9

2
OBJECTIVE

To determine the strength (Marshall's stability value) and flexibility (flow value) for the
given bituminous mixture. To determine the suitability of the bituminous mixture to meet the
specified criteria for the surface course.

INTRODUCTION

Flexible pavement design consists of two main elements that is design thickness and mix
design. Mix design is focused on a mixture of substances used as binder layers and wear
layers These materials must be through a proper mix design, there are various methods of mix
design, but the Marshall Mix design method is the most popular.

Apart from determining the optimum bitumen content, this method can also specify aggregate
grading on the most suitable mix design. The Marshall method outlines the procedure
beginning with specimen preparation until the determination of optimum bitumen content.

Marshall Method is as following:

1. Aggregate Grading

2. Aggregate Blending

3. Preparation of mixed groups

4. Compaction

5. Unit Weight Determination

6. Marshall Stability Test

7. Hollow Computation

8. Determination of Optimum Bitumen Content

The test described above will be conducted in accordance with procedures established by the
Malaysian Standard (MS), British Standard (BS) and the American Society for Testing
Materials (ASTM)

3
 APPARATUS

BIL APPARATUS PICTURE

1. Test machine Marshall

2. Marshall compactor machine

3. Extrusion jack

4. Weighing scale

5. Mould and sieve

4
6. Bitumen

7. Aggregate

8. Cement

9. Sand

5
PROCEDURE

Preparation of Test Specimen

1. 1200 grams of aggregate blended in the desired proportions is measured and heated in
the oven to the mixing temperature.
2. Bitumen is added at the mixing temperature to produce viscosity of 170 ± centi-stokes
at various percentages.
3. The materials are mixed in a heated pan with heated mixing tools.
4. The mixture is returned to the oven and reheated to the compacting temperature (to
produce viscosity of 280±30 centi-stokes).
5. The mixture is then placed in a heated Marshall mould with a collar and base and the
mixture is spaded around the sides of the mould. A filter paper is placed under the
sample and on top of the sample.
6. The mould is placed in the Marshall Compaction pedestal.
7. The material is compacted with 50 blows of the hammer (or as specified), and the
sample is inverted and compacted in the the other face with same number of blows.
8. After compaction, the mold is inverted. With collar on the bottom, the base is
removed and the sample is extracted by pushing it out the extractor.
9. The sample is allowed to stand for the few hours to cool.
10. The mass of the sample in air and when submerged is used to measure the density of
specimen, so as to allow, calculation of the void properties.

Marshal Test Procedure

1. Specimens are heated to 60 ± 1 °C either in a water bath for 30 - 40 minutes or in an

oven for minimum of 2 hours.
2. The specimens are removed from the water bath or oven and place in lower segment
of the breaking head. The upper segment of the breaking head of the specimen is
placed in position and the complete assembly is placed in position on the testing
machine.
3. The flow meter is placed over one of the post and is adjusted to read zero.
4. Load is applied at a rate of 50 mm per minute until the maximum load reading is
obtained.
5. The maximum load reading in Newton is observed. At the same instant the flow as
recorded on the flow meter in units of mm was also noted.

6
DATA & CALCULATION

7
GRAPH

8
CONCLUSION

From the result of mix design, we can conclude the asphalt content is low. This is
justification for use of a modified mix design criteria that produces lower asphalt content.
Result of bitumen content AC14 is 6.1%,its higher than the specification JKR and the result
is fail. Next, result of average thickness is 69.93 and its in between specification JKR so
results is pass. Result of density is 2.22 and its lower than specification JKR so the result is
fail. Result of stability is 1173 and its too lower than specification JKR so the results is fail.
Result of flow is 8.9 and its higher than the specification JKR so the result is fail. Result of
stiffness is 153.50 and its lower from the specification JKR so the result also fail. Result of
voids in total mix 10.2 and its higher from the specification JKR so the result is fail. Result of
voids aggregate filled with bitumen is 58.5 and its lower than the specification JKR so the
results is fail.

So, base on our final results gained from the tests we can conclude that the mix design is fail
and not capable to be used as the road pavement material because of the value we get from all
the tests are not up to specification.

REFERENCES
- Priyanh Singh (2016) “Marshall Mix Design: Lab Report”
https://www.slideshare.net/PriyanshSingh1/marshall-mix-design-lab-report
- Rania Sabbah (2014) “Marshall Test”
https://www.academia.edu/7532017/Marshall_Test
- Unknown (2017) “MARSHALL METHOD OF ASPHALT-CONCRETE MIX DESIGN”
https://uotechnology.edu.iq/dep-building/LECTURE/construction%20engineering%20&
%20managemnt/third_class/Highway%20Engineering/11-MARSHALTEST.pdf