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Unless means the same as if...not. Like if, unless is followed by a present tense, a past
tense, or a past perfect tense (never by a conditional). Unless is used instead of if...not in
conditional sentences of all types. The order of the clauses doesn't matter with
sentences using unless.
You will be sick if you don't stop eating. You'll be sick unless you stop eating.
I won't pay if you don't provide the goods I won't pay unless you provide the goods
immediately. immediately.
If you don't study dilligently, you'll never Unless you study dilligently, you'll never
understand trigonometry. understand trigonometry.
If he wasn't very ill, he would be at work. Unless he was very ill, he would be at work.
I wouldn't eat that food if I wasn't really I wouldn't eat that food unless I was really
hungry. hungry.
She would be here by now if she wasn't She would be here by now unless she was
stuck in traffic. stuck in traffic.
Our director would not have signed the Our director would not have signed the
contract if she hadn't had a lawyer contract unless she had had a lawyer
present. present.
I wouldn't have phoned him if you hadn't I wouldn't have phoned him unless you'd
suggested it. suggested it.
They would have shot her if she hadn't They would have shot her unless she'd
given them the money. given them the money.
These two sentences can be joined using if or unless. Note that unless means if not and
hence it would be wrong to use another not in clauses with unless.
Notes
Note that in clauses with if and unless, we use a present tense to refer to the future.
If you do not work hard, you will not pass. (NOT If you will not work hard, you will not
pass.)
Unless you work hard, you will not pass. (NOT Unless you will work hard, you will not
pass.)
1] The body cannot perform any function, if there are no specific nutrients.
(Rewrite using ‘unless’)
Ans: The body cannot perform any function unless there are specific nutrients.
2] Your science teacher says, If you do not heat the solution properly, you will
not get the expected result.(How would you say the same thing using ‘unless’)
Ans: Unless you heat the solution properly, you will not get the expected result.
6] Unless they are willing to defend to the last, they will not conquer.
(Use If…..not)
Ans : If they are not willing to defend to the last, they will not conquer.
9] If I had never dropped in on that course in college, the Mac would have never had
multiple typefaces, (using ‘unless’)
Ans: Unless I had ever dropped in on that course in college, the Mac would have never
had multiple typefaces.
12] You won’t pass, unless you work hard. (Use if…..not)
Ans: You won’t pass, if you do not work hard.
13] I shall not read this report, unless you allow me. (Use if ….not)
Ans: I shall not read this report, if you do not allow me.
14] If you cannot do this, do not make war upon us.(Use ‘unless’)
Ans: Unless you can do this, do not make war upon us.
17] If you do not study hard, you will fail in the exam. (Rewrite using unless)
Ans: Unless you study hard, you will fail in the exam.
18] They will not bite a man, unless he touches or hurts them.
(Rewrite using’ if……not’)
Ans : They will not bite a man, if he doesn’ t touch or hurt them.
19] If you are brave, you will not fear. (Rewrite using ‘unless’)
Ans : Unless you are brave, you will fear.
20] Unless you work hard, you will not succeed in life.
(Rewrite the sentence using If… not)
Ans: If you do not work hard, you will not succeed in life.
21] Unless you follow the traffic rules, you will be punished.
(Rewrite the sentence using ‘If… not’)
Ans : If you do not follow the traffic rules, you will be punished.
23] Unless you study hard, you will not pass the examination.
(Rewrite the sentence using If… not)
Ans: If you do not study hard, you will not pass the examination.
24] You will never know, unless you try. (use If… not)
Ans: You will never know, if you don’t try.
25] You have not seen a tree if you haven’t seen its shadow from the sky.
(Rewrite the sentence using ‘unless’)
Ans: You haven’t seen a tree, unless you have seen its shadow from the sky.
26] I asked her when she gets time to play. (Rewrite using’ if)
Ans: I asked her if she gets time to play.
29] The body can perform its function only if it is abundantly supplied with all ts
essential nutritional factors. (Rewrite the sentence using ‘unless’)
Ans: The body cannot perform its function unless it is abundantly supplied with all
its essential nutritional factors.
30] You are likely to be punished, if you do not express your regret.
(Rewrite using ‘unless’)
Ans: You are likely to be punished, unless you express your regret.
AS SOON AS
An Adverbial Subordinating Conjunction of Time
Used to introduce depending clause in sentence
Used to indicate an action which immediately happens after the completion of first one
Used earlier or before noun or pronoun in the sentence
We find minimum time gap between two different actions
Used with Simple Present to declare future action
NO SOONER…THAN
Used to indicate that one thing happens immediately after another
Generally used to indicate past actions
Rarely used with present tense
No sooner indicates first occurred things
than indicates second occurred things
than is used to connect two sentences
No sooner is always used at the beginning of sentence
No sooner did the students see the the teacher than they ran away.
No sooner did I go to bed than I fell asleep.
No sooner had I arrived at the station than the train came.
No sooner had we reached there than the rain started.
No sooner does the bell ring than the students start to come out.
No sooner did I see my father than I ran away.
No sooner had he graduated than he decided to settle in USA.
No sooner did I read the book than I became rather inspired.
Exercise 1:
He will enjoy to his heart’s content, as soon as No sooner does the summer vacation begin than
the summer vacation begins. he will enjoy to his heart’s content.
They will drive you out, as soon as you enter No sooner do you enter their house than they
their house. will drive you out.
As soon as you become rich, people will stop No sooner do you become rich than people will
humiliating you. stop humiliating you.
No sooner does the rain stops than we shall go
We shall go to market, as soon as the rain stops.
to market.
Jack burst into laughter, as soon as Peter No sooner did Peter cracked a joke than Jack
cracked a joke. burst into laughter.
He went mad, as soon as he learned the news of No sooner did he learn the news of his being
his being bankrupt. bankrupt than he went mad.
As soon as they opened the door, they saw police No sooner did they open the door than they saw
at the doorstep. police at the doorstep.
I wake up, as soon as the alarm starts ringing at No sooner does the alarm start ringing at
6:00am. 6:00am than I wake up.
As soon as I reached the college, I started No sooner did I reach the college than I started
working on my laptop. working on my laptop.
I will clean the entire house, as soon as I get No sooner do I get some days off from my job, I
some days off from my job. will clean the entire house.
He startled, as soon as the doorbell rang at No sooner did the doorbell ring at midnight
midnight. than he startled.
As soon as I receive your mail, I will reply to No sooner do I receive your mail than I reply to
you. you.
Everybody had already left, as soon as I entered No sooner did I enter the office than everybody
the office. had already left.
No sooner did she speak to him than he went
As soon as she spoke to him, he went away.
away.
People will go back to their normal routine, as No sooner does the pandemic end than people
soon as the pandemic ends. will go back to their normal routine.
As soon as he rose as the star, people showered No sooner did he rise as the star than people
laurels upon him. showered laurels upon him.
She got down from the train, as soon as it No sooner did it reach the destination than she
reached the destination. got down from the train.
No sooner do I turn the fan on than I start
As soon as I turn the fan on, I start sneezing.
sneezing.
It causes me headache, as soon as the volume of No sooner does the volume of the TV go louder
the TV goes louder. than it causes me headache.
As soon as he appeared on the stage, people No sooner did he appear on the stage than
started whistling. people started whistling.
Get done with this work, as soon as you will be No sooner will you be able to do it than get done
able to do it. with this work.
Make sure that you have submitted your form, No sooner do you get time than make sure that
as soon as you get time. you have submitted your form.
Come to my cabin, as soon as you reach the No sooner do you reach the office than come to
office. my cabin.
You will get ready for the function, as soon as No sooner do you come back home than you will
you come back home. get ready for the function.
No sooner did I go downstairs than I saw a
As soon as I went downstairs, I saw a crowd of
crowd of students in front of the principal’s
students in front of the principal’s office.
office.
My eyes filled with tears, as soon as I met my No sooner did I meet my childhood friend after
childhood friend after ages. ages than my eyes filled with tears.
As soon as she broke the pencil, her father No sooner did she break the pencil than her
scolded her. father scolded her.
He got over-excited, as soon as he received the No sooner did he receive the call-letter for
call-letter for interview. interview than he got over-excited.
As soon as I gave a wrong answer, students No sooner did I give a wrong answer than
laughed at me. students laughed at me.
They had thrown a party, as soon as their son No sooner did their son succeeded in the
succeeded in the competitive exam. competitive exam than they had thrown a party.
She demands chocolates, as soon as she No sooner does she complete her work than she
completes her work. demands chocolates.
He was felicitated, as soon as he became a high- No sooner did he become a high-rank officer
rank officer. than he was felicitated.
I felt ashamed of myself, as soon as I realised No sooner did I realise my mistake than I felt
my mistake. ashamed of myself.
He had stopped playing tennis, as soon as he No sooner did he enter 40s than he stopped
entered 40s. playing tennis.
Exercise 2
No sooner did she sing a song than everybody As soon as she sang a song, everybody
applauded. applauded.
No sooner did I see him than I handed over his As soon as I saw him, I handed over his
envelope to him. envelope to him.
No sooner was he stung by the scorpion than he He started moaning with pain, as soon as he
started moaning with pain. was stung by the scorpion.
No sooner did we take the ice-cream out of the It started melting, as soon as we took the ice-
fridge than it started melting. cream out of the fridge.
No sooner did I open the newspaper than I read As soon as I opened the newspaper, I read a
a very shocking news. very shocking news.
No sooner did he deliver the speech than he was He was criticized by people strongly, as soon as
criticized by people strongly. he delivered the speech.
No sooner did we go to the park than children Children felt so amused, as soon as we went to
felt so amused. the park.
No sooner did she go to the salon than she had She had got her hair cut, as soon as she went to
got her hair cut. the salon.
No sooner did David propose a marriage to her Clara had felt embarrassed, as soon as David
in public than Clara had felt embarrassed. proposed a marriage to her in public.
No sooner was the vacation declared than we As soon as the vacation was declared, we
planned for a picnic. planned for a picnic.
No sooner had they realised their They got legally separated, as soon as they had
incompatibility with each other as a partner realised their incompatibility with each other as
than they got legally separated. a partner.
No sooner had I had that sandwich than I As soon as I had had that sandwich, I started
started feeling sick. feeling sick.
No sooner did the fight take off to London than She had started chanting the names of God
she had started chanting the names of God desperately with her eyes closed, as soon as the
desperately with her eyes closed. flight took off to London.
No sooner did he feel utterly hungry than he He finished all the fruits, as soon as he felt
finished all the fruits. utterly hungry.
No sooner did the boss enter the office than As soon as the boss entered the office, everyone
everyone stood up to greet him. stood up to greet him.
No sooner did she read a letter than she had She had crumpled and thrown it into the trash
crumpled and thrown it into the trash can. can, as soon as she read the letter.
No sooner did she lose in the dance competition Jane had started crying, as soon as she lost in
than Jane had started crying. the dance competition.
No sooner did I finish my project than I sighed As soon as I finished my project, I sighed with
with relief. relief.
No sooner were their classes finished than the The boys left for home, as soon as their classes
boys left for home. were finished.
No sooner did they see a dead body in the street As soon as they saw a dead body in the street,
than they informed the police. they informed the police.
No sooner did Flora notice her ex-boyfriend at As soon as Flora noticed her ex-boyfriend at the
the party than she lost her temper and got away. party, she lost her temper and got away.
No sooner does this pandemic come to an end People will feel relieved and at ease, as soon as
than people will feel relieved and at ease. this pandemic comes to an end.
No sooner do I get into the mall than I will buy I will buy many things, as soon as I get into the
many things. mall.
No sooner do you pluck it from the tree than This flower will wither, as soon as you pluck it
this flower will wither. from the tree.
No sooner did I get there than I was surrounded As soon as I got there, I was surrounded by my
by my old friends. old friends.
No sooner did Lucy look at her than Jane Jane winked at her, as soon as Lucy looked at
winked at her. her.
No sooner did I receive the phone than the call As soon as I received the phone, the call had got
had got disconnected. disconnected.
No sooner did she recover from Covid-19 than As soon as she recovered from Covid-19, she
she started going to office. started going to office.
No sooner did the wind start blowing than the As soon as the wind started blowing, the door
door banged. banged.
No sooner did the mother caress it, the baby The baby calmed down, as soon as the mother
calmed down. caressed it.
No sooner did he start playing flute than As soon as he started playing flute, everybody
everybody was spellbound. was spellbound.
No sooner did she see an accident than it gave It gave her goosebumps, as soon as she saw an
her goosebumps. accident.
No sooner did they encounter a hissing snake Children got frightened, as soon as they
than children got frightened. encountered a hissing snake.
No sooner did the police catch his sight than the As soon as the police caught his sight, the man
man was arrested. was arrested.
No sooner did the rain stop than the lights went The lights went on again, as soon as the rain
on again. stopped.
No sooner was the construction completed than We got the possession of new our house, as soon
we got the possession of new our house. as the construction was completed.
No sooner did he find her all alone in the street He had started eave teasing her, as soon as he
than he had started eave teasing her. found her all alone in the street.
No sooner did she hear the weird sounds in the She screamed with fear, as soon as she heard
forest than she screamed with fear. the weird sounds in the forest.
No sooner did he exercise hard than he started As soon as he exercised hard, he started
sweating all over. sweating all over.
No sooner did he finish his performance than Audience kept clapping for a while, as soon as
audience kept clapping for a while. he finished his performance.
No sooner do I get home back than I will have I will have forty-winks, as soon as I get home
forty-winks. back.
No sooner did he get into the train than she saw She saw him off tearfully, as soon as he got into
him off tearfully. the train.
No sooner was the class over than the students The students made noise, as soon as the class
made noise. was over.
No sooner did he catch the sight of numerous Wordsworth composed a beautiful poem, as
daffodils beside the lake than Wordsworth soon as he caught a sight of numerous daffodils
composed a beautiful poem. beside the lake.
No sooner did they learn about the noble cause They had supported him, as soon as they
he had been fighting for than they had learned about the noble cause he had been
supported him. fighting for.