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SCIENCE9 - Q4 - Mod1 - 2 - Relationshipbetweenprojectileangle-For Students
SCIENCE9 - Q4 - Mod1 - 2 - Relationshipbetweenprojectileangle-For Students
Science
Quarter 4 – Module 2:
Relationship Between the Angle of
Release and the Height and Range
of the Projectile
Science – Grade 9
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 4 – Module 2: Relationship Between the Angle of Release and the Height
and Range of the Projectile
First Edition, 2020
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Science
Quarter 4 – Module 2:
Relationship Between the Angle of
Release and the Height and Range
of the Projectile
Introductory Message
This Self-Learning Module (SLM) is prepared so that you, dear learners can continue
your studies and learn while at home. Activities, directions, exercises, and
discussions are carefully stated for you to understand each lesson.
Each SLM is composed of different parts. Each part shall guide you step-by-step as
you discover and understand the lesson prepared for you.
Pre-tests are provided to measure your prior knowledge on lessons in each SLM. This
will tell you if you need to proceed with completing this module or if you need to ask
your facilitator or your teacher’s assistance for a better understanding of the lesson.
At the end of each module, you need to answer the post-test to self-check your
learning. Answer keys are provided for each activity and test. We trust that you will
be honest in using these.
In addition to the material in the main text, Notes to the Teachers are also provided
to our facilitators and parents for strategies and reminders on how they can best
help you with your home-based learning.
Please use this module with care. Do not put unnecessary marks on any part of this
SLM. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises and tests. And read
the instructions carefully before performing each task.
If you have any questions about using this SLM or any difficulty in answering the
tasks in this module, do not hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator.
Thank you.
What I Need to Know
This module was designed and developed to help you understand the lesson
about the relationship between the angle of release and the height and range of the
projectile. Different activities in the sequential form are provided to achieve the
objectives of the lessons.
Projectile Motion: Relationship Between the Angle of Release and the Height and
Range of the Projectile
After going through this module, you are expected to:
1. investigate the relationship between the angle of release and the height and
range of the projectile; S9FE-IVa-35
2. describe a projectile and identify its parts; and
3. solve for the height and the range of a projectile.
1
What I Know
Directions: Read each question carefully. Choose the letter of the best answer and
write it in your notebook or on a separate sheet of paper.
1. What path will be followed by the motion if a ball is kicked over the net by a sepak
takraw player?
A. circular C. hyperbolic
B. linear D. parabolic
2. At what angle should a water hose be aimed in order for the water to land with the
greatest horizontal range?
A. 00 C. 450
B. 30 0 D. 600
3. A ball is served by the volleyball player using one open hand to send the ball over
the net. What force is acting on the ball while it is on air if Fg represents the force
of gravity, and Fh refers to the throwing force?
A. C.
Fh
Fg
B. F D.
Fh
g
Fh Fg
4. Suppose a ping pong ball is tossed. When the ball reaches the highest point, which
statement about the ball’s velocity and acceleration is true?
A. Both its velocity and its acceleration are zero
B. Its velocity is zero and its acceleration is not zero
C. Its velocity is not zero and its acceleration is zero
D. Neither its velocity nor its acceleration is zero
2
6. Which is the correct formula for solving the maximum height reached by the
projectile?
A. 𝑉𝑜2 𝑥 (𝑠𝑖𝑛Ꝋ)2 C. 𝑉𝑜2 𝑥 (𝑠𝑖𝑛Ꝋ)
𝐻= 𝐻 = ∆𝑥 𝑚𝑎𝑥 =
2𝑔 𝑔
𝑉𝑜2 (sin 2 Ꝋ)
A. 𝑉𝑜2 (𝑠𝑖𝑛2 Ꝋ) C. 𝑅=
𝑅= 𝑔
2𝑔
A. 158 m C. 6.6 m
B. 132.7 m D. 317 m
10. Which statement is correct in terms of angle of projection and the height
and range of a projectile?
A. The height and range of a projectile launched at an angle can be solved
using the given initial velocity, acceleration due to gravity, and angle of
projection.
B. The value of acceleration due to gravity is always 9.8 m/s2.
C. The vertical velocity of a projectile is 0 m/s at its highest point
D. All of the above
3
Lesson Projectile Motion:
Relationship Between Angle
1 of Projection and the Height
and Range of the Projectile
Many games and sporting events that you play involve flying objects or balls.
Basketball, volleyball, and sepak takraw are some examples wherein you observe the
curve paths of flying objects in mid-air. This curve is what naturally happens when an
object, called a projectile, moves in two dimensions-having both horizontal and vertical
motion components, acted by gravity only. In Physics, this is called projectile motion.
What’s In
4
Across: Down:
1. its magnitude due to gravity is 9.8 2. it is equal to ½ agt2
m/s2 4. force that causes all objects to fall
3. refers to quantity which has down
magnitude and direction 5. vector quantity that is equal to
distance over time
What’s New
3.
4.
2.
. 5.
1.
Parts of a Projectile
5
Parts Clue
Angle of projection The angle between the initial velocity of
an object from a horizontal plane
through which the object is thrown
Maximum height The highest peak reached by the
projectile
Range The horizontal distance covered by
projectile
Trajectory Curve path of a projectile
X-axis An axis which refers to the horizontal
plane in a Cartesian coordinate system
Objectives:
1. Capture a full trajectory of projectile motion on an inclined surface.
2. Investigate the relationship between the projection angle, the height, and the
range.
Materials:
Projectiles: marble or jackstone, soda/water plastic bottle cap, powder (e.g.
face powder or flour on the low container to coat marbles.
Projectile launcher : retractable pen preferably HBW Matrix pen, sticky tape, pair of
scissors, and 2 popsicle sticks
Inclined surface: 1/8 illustration board (10” x 15”) alone or on cookie baking
sheet or cookie baking sheet (13” x 17”) alone, held or propped
on books (-1” thick) for 200 – 400 incline depending on the
retractable pen’s launching ability
tabletop
protractor
pencil
tissue paper
ruler or tape measure
Procedures:
6
Alvarez, Liza .A., et al. Science Grade 9 Learner’s Module. Philippines.
Studio Graphics Corp. 2017
Figure 4. Retractable pen attached with popsicle
launching pad.
Figure 5a Figure 5b
Source. Alvarez, Liza .A., et al. Science Grade 9 Learner’s Module. Philippines.
Studio Graphics Corp. 2017
Figure 5a. The modified retractable mounted with a powder-coated marble at Point A
ready for horizontal projection along the labeled incline illustration board. Figure 5b.
Inclined illustration board-cookie baking sheet propped between books for the
marble projectile.
2. Using a protractor and pencil, mark the bottom left of the illustration board or
cookie baking sheet with selected angles at 15 or 20 degree- intervals. Tape the
illustration board at the top right of the cookie sheet.
On the board select and draw fixed origins at points A and B. The left and bottom
ends of the board or cookie baking sheet may serve as the y-axis and x-axis
respectively.
To complete the setup, elevate one end of the board or cookie sheet using books
with an angle of inclination of about 200 – 400. Use another book to hold the inclined
surface in place as shown in figure 5a.
3. Push the top end of the modified retractable pen and firmly hold it horizontally at
point A. Then carefully place the powdered marble on its launching pad. Launch
the marble by pushing the clip of the modified retractable pen.
7
4. Trace the powder-marked trajectory with a pencil. Dust off the powder. Label this
path as “horizontally launched” for later analysis.
5. At point B, repeat steps 3 and 4 but this time, carefully launching the marble at
selected angles (e.g. 150, 300, 450, 600, and 750) and marking the pencil traced
trajectories as “launched at ___ angle”)
Figure 5c Figure 5d
Source. Alvarez, Liza .A., et al. Science Grade 9 Learner’s Module. Philippines.
Studio Graphics Corp. 2017
Figure 5c. Marble projectile at point B ready for launching at an angle up the
inclined board. Figure 5d. Tracing with pencil the powder marked trajectory of the
marble launched at an angle.
Note: The actual projections may not exactly follow the initial angles that you selected.
At least try to have projection angles close to the angle intervals selected.
Guide Questions:
Q1. Describe the trajectory for horizontally-fired projectiles along an incline.
Sketch the trajectory.
Q2. Describe the shape of the trajectory for projectiles fired at angles along an
incline. Sketch the trajectory.
Q3. Compare the locations of the trajectory peaks in terms of maximum
height,hmax reached.
Q4. Compare the horizontal distances, x (range) reached when they return to the
elevation from which they were projected.
Q5. Among the trajectories of projectiles fired at angles, for the same launching
velocity, which covered the greatest range (horizontal distance in the x-axis)?
Q6. Among the trajectories of projectiles fired at angles, for the same launching
speed, which recorded the highest peak?
Q7. Which pair of trajectories have ranges that are almost equal?
8
Activity 4. Name the Symbol
Directions: Below are the formula in solving for the height and range of a projectile.
Match the symbol in Column A with its corresponding name in column B. Write the
letter of your answer in your notebook or on a separate sheet of paper.
𝑉𝑜 2 (𝑠𝑖𝑛Ꝋ)2 𝑉𝑜 2 (sin 2 Ꝋ)
𝐻= 𝑅=
2𝑔 𝑔
Column A Column B
Symbol Name
1. Ꝋ A. initial velocity
2. Vo B. launch angle (theta)
3. H C. acceleration due to gravity (9.8 m/s 2)
4. R D. height
5. g E. range
What is It
trajectory
height
Angle of
projection
x-axis
range
9
Below are few examples of events or situations where projectile motions are observed.
When a projectile is launched upward at an angle, its velocity has two components:
1. A constant horizontal velocity that moves in the same direction as the launch, the
acceleration of which is zero; and
3. Objects that are projected from and land on the same horizontal surface will have a
path symmetric about a vertical line through a point at the maximum height of the
projectile.
4. The maximum height of the projectile is when the projectile reaches zero vertical
velocity. From this point, the vertical component of the velocity vector will point
downwards.
5. The horizontal displacement of the projectile is called the range of the projectile
and depends on the initial velocity of the object.
6. If an object is projected at the same initial speed, but two complementary angles of
projection, the range of the projectile will be the same.
7. The angle at which the object is launched dictates the range, height, and time of
flight the object will experience while in projectile motion.
10
Figure 11. Path of a projectile fired with initial velocity Vi at an angle Ꝋi to the
horizontal. The trajectory is shown in the black dash, the velocity vectors are in solid
arrows, and velocity components are dashed.
Alvarez, Liza .A., et al. Science Grade 9 Learner’s Module. Philippines. Studio
Graphics Corp. 2017
In your previous activity, you have learned that objects launched at different
angles of projection have resulted in different ranges and heights.
Figure 12 shows different paths for the same object being launched at the same
initial velocity and different launch angles. As illustrated by the figure, the larger
the initial launch angle and maximum height, the longer the flight time of the
object.
11
This time, you are going to describe the maximum height and range of a projectile
quantitatively using the given formula.
The maximum height of the object in projectile motion depends on the initial
velocity, the launch angle, and the acceleration due to gravity. Its unit of measurement
is “meters”.
Sample Problem
Solution: The water droplets leaving the hose will be considered as the object in
projectile motion. So its maximum height can be found using this formula;
𝑉𝑜2 (𝑠𝑖𝑛Ꝋ)2
H = 2𝑔
Given:
V0 (initial velocity) =32 m/s
sinθ (sine theta) =sin78.5∘ =(0.98)2
g (acceleration due to gravity) =9.8 m/s2
Thus,
𝑉𝑜2 𝑥 (𝑠𝑖𝑛Ꝋ)2
H = 2𝑔
(32)2 𝑥 (𝑠𝑖𝑛78.5)2
H =
2 (9.8)
1024 𝑥 0.96042
= water from the hose=will
Thus, the maximum height ofHthe 50.2be m
50.2 m.
19.6
12
Solving for the Range of a Projectile
In solving for the range of a projectile, you need the following quantities;
initial velocity, angle of projection, and acceleration due to gravity.
𝑉𝑜2 𝑠𝑖𝑛 2 Ꝋ
Mathematically: R = 𝑔
R = range (meter)
Vo = initial velocity (meter per second)
g = acceleration due to gravity, i.e. (9.8ms−2)
θ = theta, angle of the initial velocity from the horizontal plane (radians or
degrees)
Sample Problem:
Calculate the range covered by the ball when it was hit at an angle of 300
to the horizontal with an initial velocity of 31.9 m/s. Refer to the illustration below.
Range ?
The maximum horizontal distance that can cover by the ball is 90 meters.
There are many ways on how range and height are solved. To simplify the
lesson, only this equation is presented and discussed.
13
What’s More
14
Activity 6. Trajectories Launched at Different Angles
Directions: Analyze the illustration below and answer the given questions that
follow. Write your answers in your notebook or on a separate sheet of paper.
Source: https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-
physics/chapter/projectile-motion/
2. Which of the following angles of projection will reach the highest peak?
A. 250 B. 300 C. 600 D. 750
15
Activity 7: Problem Solving
Directions: Analyze the word problem using the illustration, and then answer the
questions that follow. Write the letter of your answer in your notebook or on a
separate sheet of paper.
A firework was shot into the air at an angle of 75 degrees above the ground with
the initial velocity of 70.0 m/s. The fuse of the firework is timed to ignite at its
highest point above the ground.
H= 233 m
Ꝋo=75
0
x = 125 m
Source: https://openstax.org/books/university-physics-volume-
1/pages/4-3-projectile-motion
1. What is the maximum height reached by the firework before it ignites?
A. 233 m C. 125 m
B. 150 m D. 75 m
2. What is the horizontal distance traveled by the firework to reach its highest
point the air?
A. 233 m C. 125 m
B. 150 m D. 75 m
4. Which of the following solutions was used to find the maximum height reached
by the firework?
B. D.
70.02 𝑥 (sin 9.8)2 9.82 𝑥 (sin 75)2
𝐻= 𝐻=
2 (9.8) 9.8
16
5. Which of the following solutions was used to calculate the maximum range of
the projectile?
Directions: Fill in each statement with the appropriate word to make it correct
and complete. Choose answers from the word pool below. Write your answers in
your notebook or on a separate sheet of paper.
17
What I Can Do
Directions: Choose one event or game that involves projectile motion. Use your
learnings in this module to suggest at least two strategies on how a player can
enhance his or her skills in the said sports. Write your answer in your notebook
or on a separate sheet of paper.
Criteria 4 3 2 1
Relevance The suggested The suggested The There is no
strategies were strategies were suggested suggested
relevant to the relevant to the strategies strategy to the
sports, clear sports, clear were not event/sports.
and detailed. but slightly not much
detailed. relevant to
the sports,
slightly clear
and with less
detail.
Strategy Identified at Identified at Identified Demonstrated
least two least two only a single little to no ability
strategies for strategies for approach for to identify a
the the the event or strategy for
event/sports event/sports sports that solving an
that apply but only some does apply event/ sports.
within a of which apply within a
specific within a specific
context. specific context.
context.
18
Assessment
Directions: Choose the letter of the best answer. Write it in your notebook or on
a separate sheet of paper.
C
Y
3. What letter from the illustration shows the range covered by the ball?
A. A B. B C. C D. D
4. What angle should your object to be thrown if your target is to reach the longest
range?
A. 150 B. 350 C. 450 D. 650
5. What angle should a water hose be aimed in order for the water to land with
the shortest horizontal distance?
A. 150 B. 350 C. 450 D. 650
6. What angle should you project a water hose for you to reach the highest
peak?
A. 150 B. 350 C. 450 D. 650
19
7. What point of trajectory has the least speed if a ball is hit at an angle of 300?
A. Just after it was launched
B. At the highest point in its flight
C. Just before it hits the ground
D. Halfway between the ground and the highest point
8. What other angle should a ball be hit to reach the same distance if a ball is hit
at an angle of 600 and it reaches a distance of 50m given the same initial
velocity?
A. 150 B. 300 C. 450 D. 600
9. Which of the following pairs of angle of projection will reach approximately the
same distance?
A. 150 and 450 B. 250 and 650 C. 350 and 800 D. 300 and 700
10. What is the range covered by a projectile that is launched at 35 degrees with
an initial velocity of 25.0 m/s using this formula below?
𝑉𝑜2 (𝑠𝑖𝑛2 Ꝋ)
R=
𝑔
20
Additional Activities
Directions: Find at least five (5) words which are related to projectile motion.
Words run horizontally, vertically, and diagonally. Write your answers in your
notebook or on a sheet of paper.
21
22
What I Know What’s New What’s More
1. D Activity 3: Activity 5:
2. C 1. The trajectory is a half open-down 1. TRUE
3. C parabola, or curve down or concave down. 2. FALSE
4. B 2. All the trajectories are full open-down 3. FALSE
5. D parabolas. 4. TRUE
6. A 3. The trajectory peaks for each projection 5. TRUE
7. C angle do not have the same location. The
8. A peaks are closest to the y-axis origin for Activity 6:
9. A shortest range or greatest angle of 1.C
10. D 2. D
projection. Each peak is reached just
before half the range was travelled. This 3. D
What's In indicated frictional forces between marble 4. A
Activity 1: 5. A
projectile and inclined surface resulting to
ACROSS Activity 7:
a not so perfect open-down parabola.
1. ACCELERATION 1. A
4. The trajectories have different
3. VECTOR 2. C
horizontal distances (range) reached, but
3. C
some ranges are quite short, some extend 4. C
DOWN
beyond the board or cookie sheet. 5. A
2. HEIGHT
5, The trajectory fired closest to or at 450
4. GRAVITY
5. VELOCITY covered the greatest range.
6. The trajectory with the greatest
launching angle recorded the highest What I Have Learned
What's New peak.
Activity 2: 7. The trajectories at 150 and 750 have 1. projectile
1. range almost similar ranges. Trajectories at 300 2. trajectory
2. angle of and 600 also have almost similar but 3. symmetrical
projection longer ranges than those for 150 and 750. 4. zero
3. trajectory Some students may note close ranges for 5. longest
4. maximum pairs of angles that are almost if not
6. angle
height complementary angles.
7. range
5. X-axis
8. height
9. range
10. complementary
Additional Activity Summative
1. ACCELERATION 1. D
2. ANGLE OF PROJECTION 2. C
3. GRAVITY 3. A
What's New 4. HEIGHT 4. C
Activity 4: 5. PROJECTILE 5. A
1. B 6. PARABOLA 6. D
2. A 7. RANGE 7. B
3. D 8. SYMMETRICAL 8. B
4. E 9. TRAJECTORY 9. B
5. C 10. VELOCITY 10. C
Answer Key
References
A. Books
Alvarez, Liza .A., et al. Science Grade 9 Learner’s Module. Philippines. FEP Printing
Corp. 2014
Alvarez, Liza .A., et al. Science Grade 9 Teacher’s Guide. Philippines. FEP Printing
Corp. 2015
B. Electronic Sources
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