8 Too Much of a

Good Thing—
Overtourism
in Barcelona
Thinking Ahead Reading Selection Vocabulary & Phrases
課文動畫 課文Edpuzzle 全課音檔 Words for Production
Reading Strategy
Paragraph 1 2 3 Idioms and Phrases

8 4 5 Words for Recognition

Language Highlight infographic Sentence Pattern

寫作手冊 Reading Strategy Note the Details
Language in Use
補充資源 Reading Comprehension
Listening Strategy
See a Film Graphic Organizer
補充網站 Comprehension Practice
補充學習單 Think and Reflect
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英文字幕

中英字幕
 It has increased the price of
1. Watch the video and match each tickets and limits the number
place on the left with its solution of tourists in some spots.
to the problem caused by tourism. It has increased the daily tourist
The Galapagos tax and limits the types of Airbnb’s
Islands, Ecuador listing available for rent.
Angkor Wat, It fines people sitting in some
Cambodia public places and bans large cruise
ships from entering the city center.
Venice, Italy
The solution is not mentioned in
Majorca, Spain the video.
Amsterdam, the It limits tourism in certain areas
Netherlands and requires the licensed guide be
present at all times.
2. Look at the picture below. It is the Sagrada Família in
Barcelona, Spain. How much do you know about it? You
may google it online and share the information with your
classmates.
Sagrada Família was built in....
and designed by..... What
makes it so special is that....
Identifying a Problem-Solution Text Structure

A problem-solution text structure usually contains four elements. The

first is the introduction, in which the problem is identified. Next, some
detailed information about the problem is provided, along with an
explanation of its negative impact. Then, one or more solutions to the
problem are given. Finally, there is a conclusion in which these
solutions are evaluated and discussed. Usually, their costs and effects
are also taken into consideration. In identifying this text structure,
readers can look out for certain key words in the article such as
“problem,” “cause,” “trouble,” “solution,” “answer,” “measure,” etc.
 文本
1. Read the text on the next page, and then arrange
the six sentences according to the text structure by filling in
the correct letters.
選項
Introduction: D
Problems: A; F

Solutions: C; E
Conclusion: B
 文本
1. Read the text on the next page, and then arrange
the six sentences according to the text structure by filling in
the correct letters.
回題目 (A) The 9/21 earthquake destroyed the village.
(B) The residents of Taomi managed to thrive on the challenges
and were proud to live there.
(C) The residents protected the rich plant and animal life.
(D) Taomi was a small farming village which used to export
bamboo.
(E) The residents built guesthouses and trained locals to be
guides.
(F) Workers lost their jobs and young people left.
 文本
2. According to the text, what mainly caused workers in
Taomi to lose their jobs and young people to leave?

B (A) The terrible 9/21 earthquake.

(B) The government’s policy to import cheaper goods.
(C) The local community’s increasing environmental
awareness.
 回題目

Taomi lies between Sun Moon Lake and Puli. Surrounded by

lush green hills, our village is a place rich in natural beauty. At
first, it was mainly a small farming village, and we used to export
a lot of bamboo. Our troubles began in the early 1990s when the
government started importing cheaper goods from overseas, and
we could no longer compete. Workers lost their jobs and many
young people left. Just when we thought it couldn’t get any worse,
the terrible 9/21 earthquake struck. Overnight, we lost friends and
family members, and most of the buildings in our village were
destroyed.
 回題目

Thanks to the New Homeland Foundation, we were able to

transform our broken village into an eco-village of the future. We made
efforts to protect our rich plant and animal life, and invited tourists to
come and enjoy it with us. Our indigenous* species* of frogs (23),
butterflies (163), and dragonflies (67) were the main attractions. In
addition, we built guesthouses for visitors and trained locals to be
professional guides. Slowly but surely, news about the new village of
Taomi started to spread. More tourists came and we grew. To this day,
we have managed to thrive on the challenges we face and are proud
of being residents here.
Word Bank indigenous 本土的 species 物種
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中英字幕
 In this busy European city, large groups of tourists are
everywhere. They overflow1 the sidewalks and streets,
taking pictures at landmarks like the “Sagrada Família”
and crowding narrow2 passageways leading to markets.

在這個忙碌的歐洲城市裡，到處都有大量
的團體遊客。他們占滿人行道跟街道，在「聖
家堂」之類的地標拍照，並且把通往市集的狹
窄通道擠得水洩不通。
The city in question is Barcelona, Spain, which each
year receives more than fifteen times as many visitors
as its actual population!

這座談論中的城市就是西班牙的巴塞隆
納，它每年都接待超過實際人口十五倍
以上的訪客。
 Barcelona is suffering from a phenomenon called
“overtourism.” This occurs when an attraction becomes
overrun with tourists to such an extent3 that the local
residents’ quality of life declines4 dramatically5.
巴塞隆納正遭受一種被稱為「過度旅遊」
的現象所苦。這種現象發生在一個景點的遊客
氾濫的程度到達當地居民的生活品質顯著衰退
的時候。
The 1992 Olympics put Barcelona on the tourist map, and
soon afterward the number of tourists flocking6 to the city
began to increase. In 2017, the number of annual visitors
to Barcelona grew to almost five times as large as that in
1992. 1992年的奧運使得巴塞隆納在觀光客之間聲名大噪，
而之後很快地蜂擁而至的觀光客人數開始增加。在
2017年，巴塞隆納每年的訪客數量成長到幾乎是
1992年遊客數量的五倍。
As expected, local hotels and businesses benefited from
this expansion7 of tourism. However, the city’s residents
had to bear the cost. This invasion8 of visitors has
resulted in various problems.

如同預期地，當地的飯店和商店都受益於
觀光業的增長。然而當地居民卻要承擔代
價。遊客的湧入已經造成各種不同的問題。
 Complaints9 about problems caused by thoughtless10
visitors are common. “These people have no respect for
others. They play loud music late at night and throw garbage
all over the place,” said Emilio Shasta, a local who has lived
in Barcelona his entire life.
對輕率遊客造成的問題加以抱怨是很常見的。一個一
輩子都住在巴塞隆納的當地人Emilio Shasta說道：「這些
人完全不尊重他人，他們會在深夜大聲播放音樂，而且會
到處丟垃圾。」
Residents are also fed up with some visitors’ inappropriate
behavior, such as urinating* and throwing up on streets
outside nightclubs. Furthermore, some local tenants11
have even been forced to leave their apartments because
landlords12 are partial13 to renting14 their places out through
Airbnb*. 居民也對一些遊客不適當的行為感到厭煩，像
是在夜店外的街道上便溺和嘔吐。此外，一些當地的房客甚至被迫要
離開他們的公寓，因為房東偏愛透過Airbnb來出租他們的房子。
In this way, landlords can make more money by charging
tourists higher nightly rents. As stated by Lucia Trebocini,
the head of a Barcelona neighborhood association,
“Many residents of this area are so sick and tired of
tourists that they have decided to leave. Even I myself am
also considering that option15.” 如此一來，房東就能藉由向觀光
客收取較高的每晚租金來賺更多錢。就像巴塞隆納街坊協會的負責人
Lucia Trebocini所敘述的：「這個區域有很多居民非常厭惡且受夠觀光
客，他們已經決定要離開。甚至我自己也在考慮這麼做。」
 The good news is 【that city officials are keenly aware
of all these complaints. 】They believe 【that only by
introducing practical measures16 can the impact of
overtourism be reduced. 】Such measures include putting
limits on the number of people who can visit certain
hotspots at a time, and banning large tour groups in
particularly popular areas.
好消息是市府官員深知這所有的抱怨，他們
相信只有藉由推行切實可行的措施才能降低過度旅遊的衝擊。這樣的措施包含限
制某些觀光熱點一次能接待的人數，以及在特別熱門的區域禁止大型旅遊團。
The city has also restricted the development of new hotels
and ordered 【that websites like Airbnb (should) take down
their listings of guesthouses that are not licensed17. 】
Finally, the government has come up with a thorough18
plan that concentrates19 less on promotion and more on
tourism management. 這座城市也已經限制新
飯店的建造，並下令要求像是Airbnb之類的網站撤
下未經許可的民宿名單。最後，政府也想出一個全面
的計畫，減少宣傳，而更著重於觀光管理。
 It has been said 【that tourism is a double-edged
sword. 】On the one hand, tourism provides local
business owners with great economic benefits. On the
other hand, it disturbs the lives of local residents and can
cause numerous social problems.
人們總是說旅遊業是一把雙面刃。一方面，旅遊
業提供當地業主極佳的經濟利益。另一方面，它卻干
擾當地居民的生活，而且可能造成許多社會問題。
Clearly, Barcelona is striving20 to deal with the negative21
aspects of tourism and is acting to strike a balance
between the local community and international visitors.
Only after the authorities have developed sustainable
solutions will overtourism be manageable and stop
causing problems in society.
顯然地，巴塞隆納正在努力處理旅遊業有害的層面，且正採取行動以達成
當地社區和國際遊客之間的平衡。只有在當局制定出永續的解決方法後，
過度旅遊才易於處理，並不對社會造成問題。
Reading Comprehension

D If the following sentences were to be included in the

passage, which paragraph should they go into?
The answer is not to attack tourism. Instead, the city is
trying to regulate the sector and put the rights of residents
before those of big business. The purpose is to ensure
that tourism has positive effects on the quality of life, and
that visitors are treated as temporary residents.
(A) Paragraph 1. (B) Paragraph 2.
(C) Paragraph 3. (D) Paragraph 4.
 題目 1~2 3

With the right approach, any problem can be solved. Use the graphic
organizer to review what causes overtourism in Barcelona, how bad the
situation is, and how to solve related problems. Complete the graphic
organizer by matching the following statements from the passage.

(A) five times

(B) the locals
(C) promotion
(D) the 1992 Olympics
(E) tourism management
 題目 1~2 3

With the right approach, any problem can be solved. Use the graphic
organizer to review what causes overtourism in Barcelona, how bad the
situation is, and how to solve related problems. Complete the graphic
organizer by matching the following statements from the passage.

(F) the landlords have to be licensed

(G) the tourists’ inappropriate behavior
(H) the landlords rent their places to tourists instead
( I ) ceilings on the number of people that can visit certain
hotspots at a time
 回選項

Origin of Problems Problems

The increase in tourists “Overtourism” in Barcelona
1. The number of tourists in 1. The tourists have no respect
Barcelona began to for B .
increase after D . 2. The residents are fed up
2. In 2017, the number of with G .
tourists was about A . 3. Some local tenants have
as large as that in 1992. been forced to leave their
apartments because H .
 回選項

Solutions
Introduce practical measures to reduce the impact of
overtourism

1. Impose I , and ban large tour groups in certain

popular areas.
2. Restrict the development of new hotels and F .
3. Concentrate less on C and more on E .
General Understanding

C 1. What does the title “Too Much of a Good Thing—

Overtourism in Barcelona” suggest?
(A) Tourism is something very beneficial.
(B) Tourism revolutionizes the way of traveling.
(C) Tourism brings not only benefits but also problems.
(D) Tourism endangers the development of modern
cities.
Key Details

A 2. Which of the following is mentioned as the main

cause of overtourism in Barcelona?
(A) The 1992 Olympics.
(B) The popularity of Airbnb.
(C) The famous landmark “Sagrada Família.”
(D) The building of new hotels and guesthouses.
Inference

B 3. According to the passage, what should we do when

visiting Barcelona?
(A) We should rent apartments rather than stay in hotels.
(B) We should do our best not to bother the local
residents.
(C) We should give generous tips to the waiters in local
restaurants.
(D) We should join large tour groups when visiting
certain hotspots.
1. Have you ever been bothered or annoyed by tourists?
Share your experience.
I have been bothered / annoyed by tourists when I...
2. Is there another city facing a problem similar to
Barcelona’s? What are the similarities and differences
between the two cities?
(city name) is facing a problem similar to Barcelona’s.
They both.... But the former..., while the latter....
Vocabulary List
1 8 15
overflow invasion option

2 9 16
narrow complaint measure

3 10 17
extent thoughtless license

4 11 18
decline tenant thorough

5 12 19
dramatically landlord concentrate

6 13 20
flock partial strive

7 14 21
expansion rent negative
 回 List
回課文

1. overflow vt. vi. 溢出；氾濫 to fill a container

or space with so much that the
contents spill over the edges

The heavy rain caused + the river + to overflow its banks,

which created flooding in the nearby city.
大雨導致河水溢出河岸，造成附近的城市淹水。
= caused the overflowing of the river
 回 List
回課文

1. overflow vt. vi. 溢出；氾濫 to fill a container

or space with so much that the
contents spill over the edges

The heavy rain caused + the river + to overflow its banks,

which created flooding in the nearby city.
大雨導致河水溢出河岸，造成附近的城市淹水。
The heavy rain led to + the river + to overflow its banks,
creating flooding in the nearby city.
 回 List
回課文

1. overflow vt. vi. 溢出；氾濫 to fill a container

or space with so much that the
contents spill over the edges

The careless waiter poured too much water in the glass,

causing it to overflow and (to) get the tablecloth wet.
那位粗心的服務生倒太多水到玻璃杯裡，使得水溢出來弄溼
桌巾。 overflow此字除了指液體（如水、飲料等）溢出以外，亦可用來
形容某場所人數爆滿、人滿為患的景況，課文即為此用法。
• The restaurant was so full that people were overflowing into the street.
 回 List
回課文

1. overflow vt. vi. 溢出；氾濫 to fill a container

or space with so much that the
contents spill over the edges

The careless waiter poured too much water in the glass,

causing it to overflow and (to) get the tablecloth wet.
The careless waiter poured too much water in the glass,
連接詞 + the careless waiter + caused it to overflow and
(to) get the tablecloth wet.
 回 List
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overflow n. [U] 溢出；容納不下的人

After the outbreak of pneumonia in this area, the local

hospital couldn’t cope with the overflow of patients.
肺炎在這個地區爆發之後，那家地方醫院無法應付爆滿的病患。
the outbreak (n.) + of 疾病/ 災難
疾病/ 災難 + break out (v.)
 回 List
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2. narrow adj. 狹窄的；窄小的

having a short distance from
one side to the other

The alley was so narrow that only a very small car could
drive along it. 反 wide, broad
這條巷子非常狹窄，所以只有很小的汽車有辦法開過去。
narrow-minded 狹隘的；氣量小的 反 open-minded absent-minded
had a narrow escape from death (死裡逃生) 心不在焉
won a narrow victory (險勝)
 回 List
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narrow vt. vi. 使窄小；變窄

The runner narrowed the distance between himself and

the man in front of him, but still couldn’t + catch up/ keep
up (+ with the man in front of him).
那位跑者縮短了他和前方男子的距離，但還是沒辦法追上。
 回 List
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narrow vt. vi. 使窄小；變窄

The mountain path narrowed up ahead due to the large trees

on both sides of it.
前方的山路因為兩旁的大樹而變窄了。
反 widen, broaden
 回 List
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3. extent n. sing., [U] 程度；限度 the range

or amount of something, such as the
size, strength, or importance

After her long flight, Helen was exhausted to such an extent

that she fell asleep in the taxi!
長途飛行後，Helen累到在計程車上睡著了！
After her long flight, Helen was so exhausted that she fell
asleep in the taxi!
 回 List
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3. extent n. sing., [U] 程度；限度 the range

or amount of something, such as the
size, strength, or importance

Mrs. Wang didn’t realize the extent of her son’s injuries

until the doctor explained this to her after + performing/
conducting/ carrying out + surgery/ the operation.
直到醫生在手術之後向王太太解釋，她才了解她兒子受傷的
程度。 病人 + have/ undergo + surgery/ an operation
 回 List
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3. extent n. sing., [U] 程度；限度 the range

or amount of something, such as the
size, strength, or importance
Mrs. Wang didn’t realize the extent of her son’s injuries until the doctor
explained this to her after performing surgery.
= It was not until the doctor explained this to her after performing surgery
that Mrs. Wang realized the extent of her son’s injuries.
= Not until the doctor explained this to her after performing surgery did
Mrs. Wang realize the extent of her son’s injuries.
= Only after the doctor explained this to her after performing surgery did
Mrs. Wang realize the extent of her son’s injuries.
 回 List
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4. decline vi. 減少；衰退

to decrease in size, strength,
quality, value, power, etc.

The president’s popularity + declined/ decreased/

plummeted + sharply/ significantly/ considerably +
because of his political scandal. 那位總統受歡迎的程度因為他的
政治醜聞而急遽下降。 popularity + increase/ rise/ grow/ soar
decline vi. vt. 謝絕；婉言拒絕 同 refuse
 回 List
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decline n. sing., [U] 減少；衰退

Due to the report 【that the company had been selling

tainted/ spoiled/ contaminated/ polluted food, 】its products
have seen a decline in popularity.
由於報導指出這家公司過去一直在販售遭受汙染的食品，它的產品受
歡迎的程度已見下滑。 A + be + popular (adj.) + with/ among + B
A + gain/ grow/ gain in + popularity (n.) + with/ among + B
 回 List
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decline n. sing., [U] 減少；衰退

The city has faced a crisis in unemployment ever since

the decline of its major industry/ its major industry
declined.
自從主要產業衰退以來，這座城市面臨了失業問題的危機。
S + be + declining/ decreasing/ on the decline/ on the decrease.
 回 List
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5. dramatically adv. 突然地；顯著地 suddenly

and in such an obvious way that
people can notice it easily

The company’s stock price fell/ dropped/ plummeted

dramatically because its investors were disappointed with
the new policy.
這家公司的股價因為投資者對那項新政策感到失望而大幅下滑。
 回 List
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dramatic adj. 突然的；顯著的

There was a dramatic + increase/ rise in the sales of face

masks in the city due to serious air pollution.
在這座城市裡口罩的銷售因嚴重空氣汙染而有顯著的增加。
 回 List
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6. flock vi. 蜂擁；聚集

to come together or move
in large groups

In the summer people flock/ swarm to the beaches,

making + them + very crowded.
夏天時，民眾蜂擁至海灘，使得海灘變得非常擁擠。
make + O + OC (adj.)
Birds of a feather flock together.【諺】物以類聚。
 回 List
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6. flock vi. 蜂擁；聚集

to come together or move
in large groups

In the summer people flock to the beaches, making + them

+ very crowded.
In the summer people flock to the beaches, which makes +
them + very crowded.
 回 List
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flock n. [C] 一大群

A flock of birds flew over Burt’s head, making a lot of noise.

一群鳥飛過Burt的頭頂，發出很多聲響。
a school of fish a pride of lions
a herd of sheep/ cattle an embarrassment of pandas
a pack of dogs/ wolves
 回 List
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flock n. [C] 一大群

A flock of birds flew over Burt’s head, making a lot of noise.

A flock of birds flew over Burt’s head, 連接詞 + a flock of

birds + made a lot of noise.
 回 List
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7. expansion n. [C, U] 擴大；增加

an increase in size, number,
or degree

The expansion of the house took several months to

complete, but now it is much bigger than before.
這個房子的擴建花了好幾個月才完成，但它現在比以前大多了。
 回 List
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7. expansion n. [C, U] 擴大；增加

an increase in size, number,
or degree

With enough funding, the company can carry out the new
plan for expansion.
有了足夠的資金，這家公司能進行擴展的新計畫。
with + O (+ OC)
 回 List
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expand vt. vi. 增加；擴大

The boy expanded the balloon by blowing into it as hard as

he could. = as hard as possible
這個男孩盡全力吹氣球讓它變大。 blow-blew-blown
explode –explosion suspend-suspension
include/ exclude/ conclude/ decide
 回 List
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expand vt. vi. 增加；擴大

The company has expanded over the past year by hiring

many people and opening new offices in other countries.
這家公司過去一年藉由僱用許多員工和在其他國家設立新辦公
室來擴張。 headquarters
a branch (office)
 回 List
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8. invasion n. [C] 湧入 arrival in a place, often by

force and perhaps illegally, of a large number
of people, animals, or other creatures

Every summer, an invasion of tourists transforms this quiet

little seaside village into a crowded holiday hotspot.
每年夏天，遊客湧入讓這座寧靜的濱海小村莊變成一個擁擠的
度假熱門景點。
S + transform/ turn/ change + A + into/ to +Ｂ
A + transform/ turn/ change + into/ to +Ｂ
 回 List
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8. invasion n. [C] 武裝入侵；侵略

The invasion of US soldiers in Iraq resulted in the deaths of

many people. = caused = led to
美軍入侵伊拉克造成許多人死亡。 = was responsible for
 回 List
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invade vt. 武裝入侵；侵略

The government sent many ships and soldiers to another

country to invade and occupy it.
那個政府派出許多艦艇和軍人入侵並占領另一個國家。
invade/ violate + one’s privacy 侵犯隱私
occupy-occupied-occupied occupation/ profession (n.)
vacant (adj.) vacancy (n.)
 回 List
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9. complaint n. [C] 抱怨；投訴 a spoken

or written negative comment
expressing dissatisfaction

Mandy made a complaint to the store’s manager about the

salesman’s rude behavior. behave (v.)
Mandy向店經理抱怨這名男售貨員粗魯的行為。
make/ voice + a complaint + to 人 + about/ against 內容
file/ lodge/ submit + a complaint 投訴
 回 List
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complain vi. vt. 抱怨；投訴

After the man complained about the poor service, the

restaurant gave + him + a free dessert.
在那位男士抱怨服務不佳之後，餐廳就招待他一份免費的甜點。
complimentary (adj.) 免費贈送的 / free
desert (n.) desert (v.)
 回 List
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complain vi. vt. 抱怨；投訴

Ivy complained 【that her boss gave + her + too many

tasks, 】but she finished them on time anyway.
Ivy抱怨她的老闆給她太多工作，但是她還是準時完成工作。
 回 List
回課文

10. thoughtless adj. 粗心的；欠考慮的

not caring or thinking about
the feelings or needs of others

It was very thoughtless of Jim to eat most of the pizza

without asking 【if/ whether others also wanted to eat
some.】
Jim沒有問其他人是否也想吃就把大部分的披薩吃掉是很欠缺
考量的。 同 inconsiderate
 回 List
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thoughtful adj. 體貼的；關心的

Tina is a very thoughtful person who always considers

【how her actions may affect other people.】
Tina是一個很貼心的人，總是會考慮到她的行為會如何影響到
其他人。 同 considerate
 回 List
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thoughtful adj. 體貼的；關心的

Tina is a very thoughtful person who always considers

【how her actions may affect other people.】
Tina is a very thoughtful person always considering 【how
her actions may have an effect on other people.】
 回 List
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11. tenant n. [C] 房客 an individual that

pays money in order to live in
someone else’s home or building

Mrs. Jones asked + her tenant + to move out of the

apartment because he had violated the no-pet policy.
Jones太太要求她的房客搬出公寓，因為他違反了禁養寵物的
原則。 demand that…
 回 List
回課文

11. tenant n. [C] 房客 an individual that

pays money in order to live in
someone else’s home or building

Mrs. Jones asked + her tenant + to move out of the

apartment because he had violated the no-pet policy.
Mrs. Jones demanded that her tenant (should) move out of
the apartment because he had violated the no-pet policy.
 回 List
回課文

12. landlord n. [C] 房東；地主 someone who

owns an apartment or a building and is
paid by other people for living in or using it

Brenda signed an agreement with her landlord before she

moved into the house. lease 租約
Brenda在搬進房子之前跟房東簽了一份契約。
landlady anchor anchorman anchorwoman
chairperson chairman chairwoman
 回 List
回課文

13. partial adj. 偏愛⋯⋯的；喜歡⋯⋯的

liking something or someone very much,
usually more than other things or people

Many people are partial to chocolate ice cream, but Kelly

doesn’t like it. She thinks 【(that) it’s too sweet.】
許多人偏愛巧克力冰淇淋，但是Kelly不喜歡。她認為太甜了。
= prefer = like…more/ better 反 impartial 同 biased
= have a + preference/ liking + for have a sweet tooth 嗜吃甜食
 回 List
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13. partial adj. 不完全的；部分的

Since this is only a partial solution to the problem, we had

better come up with a new plan later.
因為這只能部分解決這個問題，我們之後最好提出一個新的
計畫。
 回 List
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14. rent vt. vi. 出租 to let someone

use something in return for
money

Mr. Perkins rents his house out to a nice couple from

England, and they enjoy living there.
Perkins先生將他的房子租給一對來自英國的和善
rent
夫妻，他們很喜歡住在那裡。
hire
 回 List
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14. rent vt. vi. 出租 to let someone

use something in return for
money

A car rents for US$100 a day at that company, but I think

【this is really too expensive.】
那家公司汽車出租一天一百塊美金，但是我覺得這真的太貴了。
 回 List
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rent n. [C, U] 租金

The rents for apartments in this building are not all the same
—some are higher than others.
這棟大樓裡的公寓租金並非都一樣──有些比其他來得高。
 回 List
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rent n. [C, U] 租金

After the rent was increased by US$75 per month, Jenny

decided to look for another place to live.
每月的房租被漲價七十五塊美金之後，Jenny決定要另外找一
個地方住。
 回 List
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rental n. [C, U] 出租；租賃

When a landlord and a tenant agree to the tenant’s rental of

an apartment, the landlord must prepare a contract that sets
out the terms of the rental.
當一位房東和一位房客同意該名房客租一間公寓，房東必須
準備一份陳述租賃條件的合約。
 回 List
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rental n. [C, U] 出租；租賃

When a landlord and a tenant agree to the tenant’s rental of

an apartment, the landlord must prepare a contract that sets
out the terms of the rental.
When a landlord and a tenant agree to the tenant’s rental of
an apartment, the landlord must prepare a contract setting
out the terms of the rental.
 回 List
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rental n. [C, U] 出租；租賃

That shop has a lot of equipment for rental; you will find
【what you want there.】
what = the thing(s) + which/ that = all + that
那間店有很多設備出租；在那裡你可以找到你要的東西。
 回 List
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15. option n. [C] 選擇；選擇權

a possible choice

Barry’s grades are excellent, so he has a lot of options

when it comes to choosing 【which university to attend.】
Barry的成績非常棒，所以提到要選擇上哪一間大學他的選擇
就非常多。 同 choice, alternative
 回 List
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15. option n. [C] 選擇；選擇權

a possible choice

Barry’s grades are excellent, so he has a lot of options

when it comes to choosing 【which university to attend.】
Barry’s grades are excellent, so he has a lot of options
when it comes to choosing 【which university he should
go (to).】
 回 List
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optional adj. 可選擇的

There are more than thirty optional features that may be

installed in the newest model of this computer.
有超過三十種可以選擇的功能可以被安裝到這臺最新型的電腦上。
反 compulsory
 回 List
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optional adj. 可選擇的

There are more than thirty optional features that may be

installed in the newest model of this computer.
There are more than thirty optional features likely to be
installed in the newest model of this computer.
 回 List
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16. measure n. [C] 措施；方法 a method or

action that is used, often in an
official way, to accomplish a goal

The government needs to take + measures/ action/ steps +

to reduce air pollution, including promoting the use of solar
energy.

政府需要採取措施來減輕空氣汙染，包含推廣太陽能的使用。
 回 List
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16. measure n. [C] 措施；方法 a method or

action that is used, often in an
official way, to accomplish a goal

The government needs to take + measures/ action/ steps + to

reduce air pollution, including promoting the use of solar energy.
The government needs to take + measures/ action/ steps + to
reduce air pollution, inclusive of promoting the use of solar
energy.
 回 List
回課文

measure vt. 測量

Simon forgot to measure his bedroom, so he wasn’t sure

【whether his new bed would be too big for it.】

Simon忘記測量他的臥室大小，所以他不確定他的新床是否會
太大。 forget-forgot-forgotten
forget + to V.R. forget + Ving
 回 List
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measurable adj. 可測量的

Unlike size and depth, love and beauty are not measurable
in the same way.
不像尺寸跟深度，愛情和美麗無法用同樣的方式來測量。
 回 List
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measurement n. [C, U] 測量

Cindy didn’t take measurements of her bedroom, so she

didn’t know 【if/ whether the bed was too large for it.】

Cindy沒有測量她的房間大小，所以她不知道這張床會不會太大。
 回 List
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measurement n. [C, U] 測量

Weight, height, depth, thickness, and length are all common

examples of measurement data.
重量、高度、深度、厚度和長度都是常見量測數據的例子。
 回 List
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17. license vt. 許可；授權 to give someone

official permission to do or have
something

The Walt Disney Company makes a lot of money by

licensing its characters for use in making products such as
toys.
華特迪士尼公司靠著授權它的角色人物給像是玩具之類的產品
製造使用而賺了很多錢。
 回 List
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license n. [C] 許可證；執照

Ron passed the test and got his driver’s license; now he can
legally drive a car!
Ron通過考試拿到駕駛執照；現在他可以合法
開車了！ license
licence
an off-license = a liquid store
 回 List
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18. thorough adj. 全面的；徹底的

done very carefully, completely,
and in great detail

The report was quite thorough; it had examined every +

aspect/ regard + of the issue.
這份報告相當全面；它檢視了這個議題的各個面向。
 回 List
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19. concentrate vi. vt. 集中；專注 to pay

close attention to something
while ignoring other things

Sandy was concentrating on the video game so fully that

she forgot to eat her dinner. = was focusing on
Sandy太專注在電動遊戲中而忘記吃晚餐。
S + distract + 人 + from + N./Ving
 回 List
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19. concentrate vi. vt. 集中；專注 to pay

close attention to something
while ignoring other things
Sandy was concentrating on the video game so fully that
she forgot to eat her dinner.
Sandy was concentrating on the video game to such an
that she forgot to eat her dinner.
Sandy was so + concentrated/ focused + on the video
game that she forgot to eat her dinner.
 回 List
回課文

19. concentrate vi. vt. 集中；專注 to pay

close attention to something
while ignoring other things

The man concentrated all his efforts on trying to make + his

company + more successful. make + O + OC (adj./ V.R.)
這個男子專心致志於設法讓他的公司更成功。
S + focus/ concentrate + one’s attention/ one’s mind + on
S + make + an effort/ efforts/ every effort/ an attempt + to V.R.
= S + try hard to V.R. = S + attempt + to V.R.
 回 List
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concentration n. [U] 專注

It takes great concentration to understand the scientific

theory, but Ted can do it if he really wants to.
要了解這個科學理論需要極大的專注，但是Ted做得到，如果
他真的想要的話。
to（用於代替動詞，以免重複）
 回 List
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20. strive vi. 努力；奮鬥 (strove—striven—

striving) to try one’s best to do
something or make something happen

By practicing hard every day, Alice strove to become the

fastest runner at her school.
藉由每天努力練習，Alice努力成為她學校裡最快的跑者。
strive + for strive + against
 回 List
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21. negative adj. 壞的；有害的 not good

or causing harm in some way
反 positive
It is believed that chronic overwork will have a negative +
impact/ effect/ influence + on one’s health and quality of life.
一般相信長期過勞對一個人的健康跟生活品質有負面的影響。
= negatively + impact/ affect/ influence (vt.)
negative adj. 2.) 消極的；負面 3.) 否定的 4.)結果為陰性的(或否定的)
 回 List
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21. negative adj. 壞的；有害的 not good

or causing harm in some way

It is believed that chronic overwork will have a negative

impact on one’s health and quality of life.
Chronic overwork is believed to (be going to) have a
negative + impact/ effect/ influence + on one’s health and
quality of life.
 回課文

1. in question 1.) 討論中的⋯⋯ the matter,

person, or thing, etc. that is being
talked about; something that people
doubt
Although the man seems to have an alibi on the night in
question, the police have not eliminated him as a suspect.
雖然這個男人似乎在討論中的那個晚上有不在場證明，但是
警方還沒有將他從嫌疑犯當中剔除。
1.) 同 under discussion 2.) 同 in doubt「受到質疑」
 回課文

1. in question 討論中的⋯⋯ the matter, person,

or thing, etc. that is being talked
about; something that people doubt

Although the man seems to have an alibi on the night in

question, the police have not eliminated him as a suspect.
Although it seems that the man has an alibi on the night in
question, the police have not eliminated him as a suspect.
 回課文

2. to such an extent that...

到如此程度，以致於⋯⋯ to a particular degree or
amount, therefore causing something else to happen

The company was losing money to such an extent that it

had to be shut down. = to such a degree = so much
這家公司虧錢到必須要被關閉的程度。
 回課文

3. be fed up (with) 厭煩；不愉快

to feel unhappy or upset about something, especially if
something you don’t like has continued for a long time

Frank was so fed up with his job that he told the boss he
was going to quit. = was + sick/ tired + of
Frank對他的工作感到如此厭煩，以致於他向他的老闆提離職。
S + be tired + with/ from …
= S + be + exhausted/ worn out + because of ….
 回課文

4. throw up 嘔吐 to push food or drink, usually

without any control, up from your
stomach and out through your mouth

Jeremy had a bad case of the flu and was so sick that he
threw up several times. = puked = vomited
Jeremy的流感非常嚴重，而且病到他吐了好幾次。
throw-threw-thrown
 回課文

5. take down 拿下；拆掉

to take something off a wall
or other structures

When Martin finally took down the picture, he saw a big stain
on the wall where it used to hang.
當Martin終於把畫作拿下來的時候，他看到原本懸掛畫作的牆
面有一個很大的汙漬。
S + used to + V.R. = S + was/ were + used to + N./Ving
1. overtourism n. [U] 過度旅遊 回課文

2. Barcelona n. 巴塞隆納 回課文

3. Sagrada Família n. 聖家堂 回課文

4. overrun vt. 氾濫 回課文

5. urinate vi. 小便 回課文

6. Airbnb n. Airbnb 回課文

（提供短期出租住宿的網站）

7. double-edged sword n. [C] 雙面刃 回課文

Can I play Of course not. I’ve told
video games? No. you many times. Only
when you finish your
Can I play video homework can you
games? Please! play video games!
Can I play video No.
games now?

在此語境中，男孩不斷挑戰媽媽的底線，媽媽最終為了要重申「沒寫完作業
就不能玩」的家規，因此使用了 only 置於句首引導副詞子句的倒裝句型，以
傳達語氣強烈之意。
Only…be/aux. + S….
1. 此句型是 only 置於句首引導副詞子句而主要子句倒裝的結構，
此時的「副詞」通常包含以下三種情況：
(1) 副詞單詞
• You must stop crying. Only then can we really start
talking.
(2) 副詞片語（如：地方副詞或時間副詞片語等）
• You can’t smoke here. Only in the smoking area can
you smoke.
Only…be/aux. + S….

(3) 副詞子句（如：從屬連接詞when, if ...等所引導的子句）

• I usually go to work by motorcycle. Only when it rains
do I go by MRT.
2. 此倒裝句型常用來表達說話者對某事的強烈態度，用以「強
調」或達到「前後文語意對比」的目的。
• Only when Mark’s parents are around does he behave
himself. At other times, he is quite naughty.
 Only…be/aux. + S….

1. Only by introducing practical measures can the impact of

overtourism be reduced. (line 37)
2. Only after the authorities have developed sustainable
solutions will overtourism be manageable and stop causing
problems in society. (line 55)
 Only…be/aux. + S….
Rewrite the following sentences using the above pattern.
The first one has been done for you.

1. The alarm will only go off if an earthquake is detected.

→ Only if an earthquake is detected will the alarm go off.
2. We can only see this kind of insect in the Amazon rainforest.
→ Only in the Amazon rainforest can we see this kind of
insect.
 Only…be/aux. + S….
Rewrite the following sentences using the above pattern.
The first one has been done for you.

3. The castle built on the rocky island is only accessible by boat.

→ Only by boat is the castle built on the rocky island accessible. .
 Only…be/aux. + S….
Rewrite the following sentences using the above pattern.
The first one has been done for you.

4. Muslim women can only enter a mosque* with all their skin
covered.
→ Only with all their skin covered can Muslim women enter
a mosque.

Word Bank mosque 清真寺

 Only…be/aux. + S….
Rewrite the following sentences using the above pattern.
The first one has been done for you.

5. Citizens of this country are allowed to vote only after they turn
eighteen.
→ Only after they turn eighteen are citizens of this country
allowed to vote.
 Only…be/aux. + S….
Rewrite the following sentences using the above pattern.
The first one has been done for you.

6. You can only cross the street when the traffic light turns from
red to green.
→ Only when the traffic light turns from red to green can you
cross the street.
 Only…be/aux. + S….
Read through the following dialogues carefully. Summarize
each dialogue using the pattern above. The first one has
been done for you.

1. Ted: What is this red button for? Can I press it now?

Security: No, only if there is an emergency.
Conclusion: Only if there is an emergency can Ted press this
red button.
 Only…be/aux. + S….
Read through the following dialogues carefully. Summarize
each dialogue using the pattern above. The first one has
been done for you.

2. Jessica: Excuse me. Can you switch off the lights?

Gina: Why?
Jessica: I just can’t fall asleep with the lights on.
Conclusion: Only with the lights off can Jessica fall asleep. .
 Only…be/aux. + S….
Read through the following dialogues carefully. Summarize
each dialogue using the pattern above. The first one has
been done for you.
3. Husband: (on the phone) Darling, I have to work overtime today.
I won’t be home until very late. Please don’t wait up.
Wife: (on the other side of the phone) No! I won’t go to bed if
you’re not home.
Conclusion: Only when the husband comes home will the .
wife go to bed. .
 Only…be/aux. + S….
Read through the following dialogues carefully. Summarize
each dialogue using the pattern above. The first one has
been done for you.

4. Nancy: Why are those bats not moving?

Victor: They are sleeping. Don’t you know that bats are
nocturnal* animals?
Nancy: What do you mean?
Word Bank nocturnal 夜行性的
Only…be/aux. + S….
Read through the following dialogues carefully. Summarize
each dialogue using the pattern above. The first one has
been done for you.

Victor: They sleep in the daytime and they only leave their
caves at night.
Conclusion: Only at night do bats leave their caves. .
 Only…be/aux. + S….
Read through the following dialogues carefully. Summarize
each dialogue using the pattern above. The first one has
been done for you.

5. Teacher: Okay, everyone! Please be seated. You have one

hour to do the test.
Andrea: Would you mind telling us how soon we can hand in
our exam papers?
Only…be/aux. + S….
Read through the following dialogues carefully. Summarize
each dialogue using the pattern above. The first one has
been done for you.

Teacher: No sooner than thirty minutes.

Conclusion: Only after thirty minutes can the students hand
in their exam papers.
 Only…be/aux. + S….
Read through the following dialogues carefully. Summarize
each dialogue using the pattern above. The first one has
been done for you.

6. Mike: You look awful, Bill. What’s the matter?

Bill: I was laid off and my wife divorced me. I even lost all my
money gambling.
Mike: I can’t believe you lost everything. Now you realize
what a blessed life you used to have.
Only…be/aux. + S….
Read through the following dialogues carefully. Summarize
each dialogue using the pattern above. The first one has
been done for you.

Bill: Yes, I do. I am deeply regretful.

Conclusion: Only when Bill had lost everything did he realize
what a blessed life he used to have.
As everybody knows, the
number of people using
Instagram is increasing
nowadays. According to this
line graph, the number of
active Instagram users in
November 2017 was three
times as high as that in
October 2016. And the
number will even become
four times higher in June
2018.
Look at the first three sentences and mark the last three
sentences in the same way.
1. Orchid Island is sixteen times larger than Turtle Island.
2. Imported apples cost three times as much money as
domestic ones.
3. The cheetah can run twice as fast as the human being.
4. John works out twice as often as Josh.
5. Carrie owns four times as many shoes as Charlotte.
6. The Burj Khalifa is one and a half times taller than Taipei 101.
What do the two parts of each sentence that you marked
indicate?
□ The cause-and-effect relationship between the two objects.
□ The time order in which the two events take place.
□ The comparison and contrast of the two objects.
1. The city in question is Barcelona, Spain, which each year
receives more than fifteen times as many visitors as its actual
population! (line 5)
2. In 2017, the number of annual visitors to Barcelona grew to
almost five times as large as that in 1992. (line 14)
Imagine that you are working as a guide in a national zoo. To
impress tourists and make clear the differences between the
animals, you often introduce the animals with the following
expressions:
1. ... twice/half/three times/... + as + adj./adv. + as....
... three/four/... times + more...than....
2. ... as + adj./adv. + as ....
Step 1: Form groups of four. Take turns playing the role of a zoo guide.
Introduce the Asian elephants to tourists with the information
given in the following table. Take the opening below for
reference.

Good day, everyone! Welcome to Pearson’s National

Zoo. I’m your zoo guide, Marvin. We’re going to see
a lot of amazing animals today. And our first stop has
ones with giant ears and trunks—the Asian elephants.
On average, Asian elephants are roughly one and a
half times taller than human beings….
Step 2: Discuss and choose one animal that you want to
introduce. Look for more information online and fill in
the following blanks. You are also encouraged to
include some fun facts about the animal you choose
in the introduction.
Step 3: Each group member takes turns being the zoo guide
and completes the tour with the chosen animals all
together.
 Animals You
Human Asian Elephant
Choose
Height (cm) 170 270
Weight (kg) 62 5400

Life Expectancy
79 60
(years)

Running Speed
9 40
(km/hr)
Listen and repeat.
1. population 2. resident 3. protest 4. solution
Read these sentences and complete the sentences by using the
words above.
1. The living environment for this city’s residents is getting worse.
2. The city has a population of 2.1 million.
3. The only solution to this dispute is for you to apologize first.
4. Many people protest on the streets for gender equality.
Listening Strategy

Listening for Classification

During a lecture or a talk, a speaker may define a concept by
dividing it into various features or categories using statements,
words or phrases. Listeners need to put different features into
categories in order to distinguish the different pieces of
information.
Listen and check the correct answer.
A What is the purpose of this report?
(A) To approach overtourism from different angles.
(B) To appeal to the government to deal with
overtourism.
(C) To inform people of the negative effects of
overtourism.
Listen again and put the statements into the right categories.
(A) Tourists bring in a lot of money.
(B) It’s too crowded to go anywhere.
(C) It takes a lot of time to line up for a ticket and get into a
tourist site.
Barcelona, Spain

Sebastian Noya Maria Dumas Richard Fields

B A C
寫 作手冊
Writing a Complaint Letter
You are going to write a letter to complain to your friend
or teacher about something that is troubling you now. Tell
him or her what the problem is and how you expect the
problem to be solved.
 Model
Lisa is troubled by her friend’s posts on Instagram, so she wrote
a complaint letter to her homeroom teacher, Mrs. Liu. Read about
the problem and what Lisa expects Mrs. Liu to help her with.

Dear Mrs. Liu,

I’m writing this letter to complain about Rachel, whose
posts on Instagram are driving me mad. Rachel has always
been one of my best friends, and we shared many secrets
and feelings with each other. But things became totally
different after the first monthly exam.
She started to ignore me, and I had no idea what had happened.
I tried to leave her messages on LINE, but she would read them
without giving me any reply. What bewildered* me most were her
posts on Instagram. She would post a screenshot of my LINE
messages, calling me a hypocrite*. I was deeply hurt by her
attitude and words, and I really need your help. Since you are
her favorite teacher, I believe that she will tell you what
happened and listen to your valuable advice.
Sincerely yours,
Word Bank bewilder 使困惑 hypocrite 虛偽的人
Plan

Step 1: Think about what is troubling you now.

Step 2: Use the graphic organizer as a model, write down the
problem you are facing, and the possible solutions to
this problem.
Step 3: Make sure that you do think of a workable solution to
this problem, and avoid expressing any negative
emotions without trying to face and solve the problem.
 Problem Solution

Write
Now, write a complaint letter based on the above graphic
organizer.
補充資源
Lesson 8

1. 介紹二十四個漂亮卻遭受過度旅遊之苦的景點。也推薦可替
代的旅遊景點。
2. 在新冠肺炎的衝擊下，巴塞隆納從一個過度旅遊的城市變成
沒有觀光客的城市。
3. 此網頁說明日本面臨過度旅遊的問題。
4. 介紹Airbnb在巴塞隆納的發展過程。
5. 介紹全世界最古老的建築計畫——巴塞隆納的聖家堂。
(18：17)
Lesson 8

1. How mass tourism is destroying cities (03:46)

說明過度旅遊所帶來的過度擁擠、汙染、遊客之無理行為以及價格調漲這
四個問題對城市的負面影響。
2. Barcelona overcome by “overtourism” (02:26)
大量遊客湧入巴塞隆納已經破壞了當地居民的生活品質。
3. New York City adapts as tourist numbers soar (02:45)
近幾年大量遊客的造訪使紐約市面臨過度旅遊的困擾。
4. Irresistible to tourists, has Venice become unwelcoming to its
inhabitants? (06:57)
過多的遊客對威尼斯當地居民造成了影響，並迫使許多居民離開這座城市，
但當地政府也正積極解決這座城市所面臨的問題。
學習單(學用)

教用
圖片來源
圖檔由Shutterstock提供

影片出處
Thinking Ahead 影片來源：
Top 10 Places Ruined by Tourism | MojoTravels
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LTTsy6uuzVs