PINNAACLE CLASSES

[ ]
2
α2 C 0 . 01 2 0. 01
K= ; α= ≈1 ∴ K =α C= ×1
1. (a) 1−α 100 100
=1×10−8 .

K (1−α )
α 2=
2. (c) According to the Ostwald’s dilution formula C . But for weak electrolytes 

is very small. So that (1−α) can be neglected. So that

α=
√ Ka
C .

3. (a) BaCl 2 ⇌ Ba2+ + 2 Cl−

Initially 1 0 0
After dissociation a−α α 2α

Total = 1−α +α +2 α =1+2 α

1. 98−1 0 . 98
α= = =0 . 49
α α
for a mole α=0 . 49
0 . 49
α= =49
For 0.01 mole 0 . 01

4. (a)

5. (d) Degree of dissociation  = ?

1
= N
Normality of solution = 0.1 N 10

Volume = 10 litre
Dissociation constant K=1×10−5

α2
K=
√
−5
V ; α=√ KV = 1×10 ×10 ; α=1×10
−2

6. (b)
K a =Cα 2 =0 . 2× ( )
32 2
100
=2. 048×10−4
.

7. (a) More is Ka , lesser is pK a ( pK a =−log K a ) more is acidic strength.

2×0. 2 M
H 2 SO 4 =1000 ×100=0 . 04
8. (a) M.eq. of 0.2M m/l
0.2
= ×100=0 .02
M.eq. of .2M NaOH 1000 m/l
+
left [ H ]=.04−. 02=. 02 .
. 02
=200= =. 0001=10−4
Total volume 200 M
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 PINNAACLE CLASSES

pH=4 .

MX 2 M 2+ + 2 X−
9. (b) ⇌ S 2S

K sp =(2 S )2 (S )=4 S3

√ √ K sp −12
3 3 4×10
S=2 = =1 . 0×10−4 M
 4 4 .

10. (d)

11. (c)

Ba++ + SO−4 −
( S) (S)
BaSO 4
12. (c) ⇌ 0 . 01 5

K sp =S 2 =S×S=0 .01×S
K sp 1×10−9
S( SO 2− )= = =10−7
S( Ba++) 0. 01
mole/litre
4

−
A+ + 2 B
AB 2
13. (a) ⇌ 1×10 −5 −5
2×10

K sp =[ 1×10−5 ] [2×10−5 ]2 =4×10−15

Ca++ +2 F− 3
14. (b) CaF 2
⇌ (S) ( 2 S )2 ; K sp=4 S

3
15. (d) K sp for CaF 2 =4 s =4×[ 2×10 ] =3 . 2×10 .
−4 3 −11

− −2
KOH will give [OH ]=10 M
−3
16. (d)10 N
pOH =2
∵ pH + pOH=14 , pH=14−2=12

4×10−9
3
K sp =4 S , S = 3 =10−9
17. (a) 4
∴ S=10−3 M .

3
18. (a) K sp=4 s

√ √ K sp −6
3 3 1 . 0×10
S= =
4 4 =6 . 3×10−3 .

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 PINNAACLE CLASSES

2
19. (a) HgSO 4
of K sp =S
S= √ K sp
; S= √6 . 4×10 ;
−5
S=8×10−3 m/l.

BaSO 4 −3
20. (b)The solubility of in g/litre is given 2 .33×10
W 2 .33×10−3
n= −5 =
∵ in mole/litre. m. wt =1×10 233
BaSO 4
Because is a compound
K sp =S 2 =[ 1×10−5 ] 2 =1×10−10

AgCl Ag+ + Cl−

21. (d) a ⇌ a a

NaCl Na+ + Cl−

0 . 02 ⇌ 0 . 02 0 . 02

K sp AgCl=1 .20×10−10

K sp AgCl=[ Ag+ ] [ Cl− ] =a×[ a+0 .2 ] =a2 + 0. 2 a

a 2 is a very small so it is a neglected.
K sp AgCl=0 . 2 a

1 .20×10−10=0 . 2 a

1. 20×10−10
a= =6×10−10
0 .20 mole

−
2 Ag+ +CrO 4
AgCrO 4
22. (c) ⇌ ( 2 S) 2
S

K sp =4 S 3 −4
given 2 S=1 .5×10
∴ K sp=(2 S )2 ×S

=(1. 5×10−4 )2 × ( 1 .5×10−4

2 )
=1 . 6875×10−12

PbCl 2 Pb 2+ + 2Cl−
23. (c) ⇌ S S

2
K sp PbCl 2 =[ Pb2+ ]×[ Cl− ]2 K sp =S×(2 S )
of ;

;
3 sp
K sp =S×4 S 2 =4 S3 S = 4 S=
;
K
√
3 K sp
4

2
24. (b) AgCl ⇌ [ Ag ] [Cl ] ; K sp=S×S ; K sp =S
+ −

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 PINNAACLE CLASSES

S= √ K sp = √1.44×10−4 =1 . 20×10−2 M.

AgCrO 4 →2 Ag+ + CrO −−

2S 4
25. (a) S
S

K sp =(2 S )2 S=4 S 3

( ) (
K sp 13 32×10−12
)
1
S= = 3
4 4 =2×10−4 M.

26. (d) AB is a binary electrolyte.

S= √ K sp=√ 1.21×10−6 =1.1×10−3 M

2+ −−
BaSO 4
27. (b) ⇌ Ba + SO4
Solubility constant =S×S
1 .5×10−19=S2 ; S= √1 .5×10−19 ;S=3. 9×10 −5

Pb 2+ + 2Cl−
PbCl 2
28. (d) ⇌ (S) ( 2 S) 2

K sp =4 S 3=4×(2×10−2 )3=3 . 2×10−5

+ −−
29. (a) Ag2 S ⇌2 Ag +S
K sp =4 S 3

S=
√ √
3 K sp
4
=
3 3 .2×10−11
4
=2×10−6

CaCO 3 Ca++ +CO−3 −

30. (d) ⇌ S
S S

Solubility product of CaCO 3

K sp =S 2 S= √ K sp
;
It is a binary electrolyte.
S2 =K sp (3 .05×10−4 )2= K sp K sp =9 .3×10−8
; ;

PbCl 2 → Pb++ + 2Cl−

31. (c) S 2S

K sp=S×(2 S )2 =[6.3×10−3 ]×[ 12.6×10−3 ]2

.

3 −2 3 −6
32. (a) K sp=4 s =4×[ 2. 5×10 ] =62 .5×10 .
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 PINNAACLE CLASSES

Na+ + Cl−
33. (c) NaCl ⇌ S S
K sp =S 2 S= √ K sp =√ 36=6
, .

PbI 2 Pb++ +2 I −
34. (d) K sp
⇌ S 2S

K sp=4 S =4×[ 2×10−3 ]3 =32×10−9

3
.

2+
BaSO 4 + SO2−
35. (c) ⇌ Ba 4

K sp =S 2 ⇒ S=√ K sp K sp =[ Ba 2+ ]×[ SO2−

4 ]
;
4×10−10=[ 1×10−4 ]×[SO 2−
4 ]

4×10−10
[ SO2−
4 ]= =4×10−6
1×10−4 .

A2+ +2 B−
AB 2
36. (c) ⇌ ( S) ( 2 S )2

K sp =4 S 3

√ √ K sp −12
3 3 4×10
S= =
4 4 =1×10−4 gm . mol/litre

37. (D)

M 2+ + 2 X−
38. (a) MX 2
⇌ (S) ( 2 S )2 ; 4S
3
=4×(0. 5×10−4 )3
=5×10−13

CaF 2 Ca++ +2 F−
39. (a) S ⇌ S ( 2 S )2

K sp=4 S 3

S=
√ √
3 K sp
4
=
3 3 .2×10−11
4 =2×10−4 m/l.

PbCl 2 Pb++ +2 Cl−

40. (b) S ⇌ S ( 2 S) 2

K sp=S×(2 S )2=4 S3

√ √ K sp −4
3 3 1 . 5×10
S= = =3. 34×10−2
4 4 .

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 PINNAACLE CLASSES

AgCl→ Ag+ +Cl−

41. (b) For x x

K sp =x 2 x=√ K sp
, √ 1×10 =1×10 mole/litre .
−6 −3
;

AX 2 → A + 2 X
42. (a) x 2x

K sp =4 x 3
;
x=
√
3 3. 2×10−11
4 −4
; x=2×10 mole/litre.

Sb2 S 3 → 2 Sb+2 +3 S−− 2 3

43. (a) 2x 3x ; K sp=(2 x) .(3 x)
−5 5
K sp =108 x 5
; K sp=108×(1×10 ) =108×10−25 .

−
44. (c) 0.001 M of NaOH means [OH ]=. 001
=10−3 M ⇒ pOH =3
pH + pOH=14 ⇒ pH=14−3=11

+ + −9
45. (d) [ H 3 O ] means [ H ]=6.2×10 mol/l
pH=−log (6.2×10−9 )=8.21

+
46. (d) pH=−log [ H ]
5.4=−log [ H + ] ; [ H + ]=3. 98×10−6 .

+ −
47. (b) [ H ]=[OH ]
K w =[ H + ] [ OH − ] =10−14

∴ [ H + ]=10−7 , pH=−log [ H + ]=7 .

+ −5
48. (d) pH=5 means [ H ]=10
pOH =14−pH =14−5=9
[OH − ]=10− pOH =10−9

+ +
49. (a) pH=−log [ H ] ;[ H ]=0.01 N
pH=−log [10−2 ] ; pH=2

50. (d)
Initial C 0 0

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 PINNAACLE CLASSES

At eq. C – C C C
C2 α2
K b= =Cα 2
C (1−α ) assuming α << 1 ;1−α ~
–1

10−12=10−2×α 2 ; α 2 =10−10 ; α=10−5

[OH − ]=Cα =. 01×10−5 =10−7

Opp. Om Shakti Temple, Beside Naturals, Ramakrishna Road, Salem : 83009 81676 / 98403 37371