Rules for Tenses

Present Indefinite:

He, She, It + singular: 1st form of Verb (with edition of s or es)

Subject+1st form of Verb+ s/ es+Object

Saim likes parties.

He go(es) to school.

She go(es) to school.

It taste(s) bad.

Dolphin swim(s) fast.

<Dolphin is singular here>

She do(es) not like to go shopping.

Past Indefinite:

In Past Indefinite Negative Tense, 'Did Not' is used with 1st form of Verb. In positive tense, 2nd form of

verb is used but when 'Did' is used in Past Indefinite Negative and Interrogative tenses, Ist form of Verb

(base form) is used with 'Did'.

Subject + 2nd for of Verb + Object

Angela wrote a letter.

Subject + Did + Not + Verb (1st form) + Object + (.)

Angela did not write a letter.

Future Indefinite:

Subject + will/shall (I, We: shall) + 1st form of verb + Object

Angela will write a letter.

I shall write a letter.

Present Continuous Tense:

Subject + is/are (is for singular/ are for plural) +1st form of verb + ing + Object

Jerry is running on the road.

We are eating food.

We are not eating food.

Are we eating food?

Past Continuous Tense:

Subject + was/were (was for singular/ were for plural) +1st form of verb + ing + Object

Jerry was running on the road.

We were eating food.

We were not eating food.

Were we eating food?

Future Continuous Tense:

Subject + shall/will (I, we: shall, rest: will) + be +1st form of verb + ing + Object

Jerry will be running on the road.

We shall be eating food.

We shall not be eating food.

Shall we be eating food?

Present Perfect Tense:

Subject + has/have (has for singular/ have for plural) +3rd form of verb + Object

Salina has completed her work.

The friends have gone to movies.

Salina has not completed her work.

Have the friends gone to movies?

Past Perfect Tense:

Subject + had +3rd form of verb + Object

Salina had completed her work.

The friends had gone to movies.

Salina had not completed her work.

Had the friends gone to movies?

(Present perfect is used for near past whereas, past perfect is used for further past).

Future Perfect Tense:

Subject + shall/will (I, we: shall, rest: will) + have +3rd form of verb + Object

Salina will have completed her work.

We shall have gone to movies.

Salina will not have completed her work.

Shall we have gone to movies?

Present Perfect Continuous Tense:

Subject + has/have (has for singular/ have for plural) +Been + 1st form of verb (with -ing) + Object +

Since/ for (since: definite time. For: indefinite time)

Salina has been completing her work since 5 O’clock.

The friends have been going to movies for few days.

Salina has not been completing her work since 5 O’clock.

Have the friends been going to movies for few days?

Past Perfect Continuous Tense:

Subject + had +Been + 1st form of verb (with -ing) + Object + Since/ for (since: definite time. For:

indefinite time)

Salina had been completing her work since last year.

The friends had been going to movies for few years.

Salina had not been completing her work since last year.

Had the friends been going to movies for few years?

(There is no practical use of future perfect continuous)