3

PAIR OF LINEAR EQUATIONS IN TWO

VARIABLES
 PAIR OF LINEAR EQUATIONS IN TWO VARIABLES 2

1. The value of k, for which the pair of linear equations x + day. Amruta paid 22 for a book and kept for 6 days;
y – 4 = 0, 2x + ky – 3 = 0 have no solution, is while Radhika 16 for keeping the book for 4 days.
(CBSE Term 1 2021 Basic) Assume that the fixed charge be x and additional charge
Options: (per day) be y. based on the above information, answer
(a) 0 any four of the following questions:
(b) 2
(c) 6 The situation of amount paid by Amruta, is algebraically
(d) 8 represented by
2. The solution of the pair of linear equations x = -5 and y = (CBSE Term 1 2021 Std)
6 is Options:
(CBSE Term 1 2021 Basic) (a) x – 2y = 11
Options: (b) x – 2y = 22
(a) (-5, 6) (c) x + 4y = 22
(b) (-5, 0) (d) x – 4y = 11
(c) (0, 6) 7. A book store shopkeeper gives books on rent for reading.
(d) (0, 0) He has variety of books in his store related to fiction,
3. The value of k for which the pair of linear equations 3x + stories and quizzes etc. he takes a fixed charge for the
5y = 8 and kx + 15y = 24 has infinitely many solutions , first two days and an additional charge for subsequent
is day. Amruta paid 22 for a book and kept for 6 days;
(CBSE Term 1 2021 Basic) while Radhika 16 for keeping the book for 4 days.
Options: Assume that the fixed charge be x and additional charge
(a) 3 (per day) be y. based on the above information, answer
(b) 9 any four of the following questions:
(c) 5
(d) 15 What are the fixed charges for a book?
4. The values of x and y satisfying the two equations 32x + (CBSE Term 1 2021 Std)
33y = 34, 33x + 32y = 31 respectively are Options:
(CBSE Term 1 2021 Std) (a) Rs 9
Options: (b) Rs 10
(a) -1, 2 (c) Rs 13
(b) -1, 4 (d) Rs 15
(c) 1, -2 8. A book store shopkeeper gives books on rent for reading.
(d) -1, 4 He has variety of books in his store related to fiction,
5. A book store shopkeeper gives books on rent for reading. stories and quizzes etc. he takes a fixed charge for the
He has variety of books in his store related to fiction, first two days and an additional charge for subsequent
stories and quizzes etc. he takes a fixed charge for the day. Amruta paid 22 for a book and kept for 6 days;
first two days and an additional charge for subsequent while Radhika 16 for keeping the book for 4 days.
day. Amruta paid 22 for a book and kept for 6 days; Assume that the fixed charge be x and additional charge
while Radhika 16 for keeping the book for 4 days. (per day) be y. based on the above information, answer
Assume that the fixed charge be x and additional charge any four of the following questions:
(per day) be y. based on the above information, answer
any four of the following questions: What are the additional charges for each subsequent day
for a book?
The situation of amount paid by Radhika, is algebraically (CBSE Term 1 2021 Std)
represented by Options:
(CBSE Term 1 2021 Std) (a) Rs 6
Options: (b) Rs 5
(a) x – 4y = 16 (c) Rs 4
(b) x + 4y = 16 (d) Rs 3
(c) x – 2y = 16 9. A book store shopkeeper gives books on rent for reading.
(d) x + 2y = 16 He has variety of books in his store related to fiction,
6. A book store shopkeeper gives books on rent for reading. stories and quizzes etc. he takes a fixed charge for the
He has variety of books in his store related to fiction, first two days and an additional charge for subsequent
stories and quizzes etc. he takes a fixed charge for the day. Amruta paid 22 for a book and kept for 6 days;
first two days and an additional charge for subsequent while Radhika 16 for keeping the book for 4 days.
 PAIR OF LINEAR EQUATIONS IN TWO VARIABLES 3

Assume that the fixed charge be x and additional charge

(per day) be y. based on the above information, answer
any four of the following questions:

What is the total amount paid by both, if both have

kept the book for 2 more days?
(CBSE Term 1 2021 Std)
Options:
(a) Rs 35
(b) Rs 52 (CBSE 2019)
(c) Rs 50 18. The difference of the two natural numbers is 5 and the
(d) Rs 58 difference of their reciprocals is 1/10.Find the numbers.
10. The pair of linear equations (CBSE 2014)
3x 5 y 19. Find whether the following pair of linear equations is
  7 and 9 x  10 y  14 consistent or inconsistent:
2 3 3x + 2y = 8, 6x – 4y = 9
(CBSE Term 1 2021 Std) (CBSE 2015)
Options
20. Find the value of k for which the following pair of linear
(a) consistent
equations have infinitely many solutions 2x + 3y = 7;
(b) inconsistent
(c) consistent with one solution (k – 1)x + (k + 2)y = 3k
(d) consistent with many solutions (CBSE 2010)
1 21. The sum of numerator and denominator of a fraction is 3
11. A fraction becomes when 1 is subtracted from the
3 less than twice the denominator. If each of the numerator
1 and denominator is decreased by 1, the fraction becomes
numerator and it becomes when 8 is added to its 1
4 . Find the fraction.
denominator. Find the fraction. 2
(CBSE 2020) (CBSE 2010)
12. The present age of a father is three years more than three 22. Solve the following pair of equations
times the age of his son. Three years hence the father’s 4 6
age will be 10 years more than twice the age of the son.  3 y  8,  4 y  5
x x
Determine their present ages.
(CBSE 2010)
(CBSE 2020)
23. Find the number of solutions of the following pair of
13. Find c if the system of equations cx + 3y + (3 – c) = 0,
linear equations:
12x + cy – c = 0 has infinitely many solutions?
x + 2y – 8 = 0
(CBSE 2019)
2x + 4y = 16
1
14. A fraction becomes when 2 is subtracted from the (CBSE 2009)
3
1 24. Solve for x and y
numerator and it becomes when 1 is subtracted from
2 ax by
the denominator. Find the fraction.
  ab
b a
(CBSE 2019)
15. A father’s age is three times the sum of the ages of his
ax  by  2ab
two children. After 5 years his age will be two times the (CBSE 2009)
sum of their ages. Find the present age of the father.
(CBSE 2019) 25. Represent the following pair of equations graphically and
16. A boat goes 30 km upstream and 44 km downstream in write the coordinates of points where the lines intersect y-
10 hours. In 13 hours, it can go 40 km upstream and 55 axis:
km downstream. Determine the speed of the stream and (CBSE 2008)
that of the boat in still water.
(CBSE 2019)
17. In Figure.1, ABCD is a rectangle. Find the values of x
and y.
 PAIR OF LINEAR EQUATIONS IN TWO VARIABLES 4

Solutions:
x 1

y 8 4
⇒ 4x=y+8
1. (b) 2 ⇒ y=4x-8--- 1( )
2. (a) (-5, 6) Putting (2) in (1), we get
3. (b) 9 3x+4x+8=3
4. (a) -1, 2 -x=-5
x=5
5. (d) x + 2y = 16
Putting the value of x in (1), we get
6. (c) x + 4y = 22 y=4×5-8
7. (d) Rs 15 y=4×5-8
8. (b) Rs 5 y=12
9. (c) Rs 50 x 5
Therefore, the fraction is i.e.,
3x 5 y y 12
10. Given   7 and 9 x  10 y  14
2 3 12. Let the son’s age be x.
Here, a1  9; b1  10 and c1  14
Given, age of the father is three years more than three
times the age of his son.
as a2  9; b2  10 and c2  14 Therefore, father’s age is 3x+3.
After three years,
a1 1
 Age of the son =x+3
a2 6 Age of the father =3x+3+3 ---(1)
But, according to question, after three years the father’s
a1 b1 c1
  age will be 10 years
a2 b2 c2 more than twice the age of the son.
Age of the father 10+2(x+3) ---(2)
a1  9; b1  10 and c1  14 as a2  9; b2  10 and c2  14 From (1) and (2), we get
a 1 ⇒3x+6=10+2(x+3)
 1  , ⇒3x+6=10+2x+6
a2 6 ⇒x=10
a b c So, the present age of son is 10 years.
 1  1  1 Present age of father =3×10+3
a2 b2 c2 =33 years
Therefore, these lines equation intersect each other at one Therefore, the present age of son is 10 years and father is
point and only have one possible solution. 33 years.
13. cx + 3y + (3 – c) = 0 (i)
Hence, the pair of linear equation is inconsistent. 12x + cy – c = 0 …………………………(ii)
a1 b1 c1
Hence, option (B) is correct. For infinitely many solutions  
11. Let the numerator be x and denominator be y. So,
a2 b2 c2
c 3 3c 3 3c
fraction is
x    
y 12 c c c c
c 3
Given, when 1 is subtracted from the numerator the
  or  c  c  6  0
1 12 c
fraction becomes i.e.,
3  c 2  36  c  0, 6
x 1 1
  c  6
y 3 Hence the value of c = 6.
⇒3(x-1)y x
⇒3x-3=y 14. Let’s assume the fraction be
y
⇒3x-y=3 ---(1)
1 First condition:
Also given, the fraction becomes when 8 is added to x2 1
4 
its denominator i.e., y 3
 PAIR OF LINEAR EQUATIONS IN TWO VARIABLES 5

⇒ 3x – 6 = y
⇒ 3x – y = 6 ……………………(1)
 AB    CD 
Second condition: x  y  30 ......  i 
x 1

y 1 2
 AD    BC 
⇒ 2x = y – 1 x  y  14 .........  ii 
⇒ 2x – y = - 1………………………(2) Adding (1) and (2), we get
Using eliminated method: 2x = 44
Multiplying (2) by -1 and then adding (1) and (2) X = 22
⇒ 3x – y = 6 Putting x = 22 in equation (i)
⇒ -2x + y = 1 22 – y = 14 ⇒ 22 – 14 = y
⇒x=7 ∴y=8
Now, from (1), ∴ x = 22 and y = 8
⇒ 3x – y = 6 18. Let the two natural numbers be X and Y such that x > y.
⇒ 3(7) – y = 6 Difference between the natural numbers = 5
⇒ 21 – y = 6
⇒ y = 15  x  y  5......... 1
7
Hence the required fraction is
15 1
15. Let the sum of ages of two sons be x years Difference of their reciprocals = (given)
10
Age of man  3x years
After 5 years age of the man 3x + 5 x years 1 1 1
Sum of ages of two sons  (x + 10) years  
Given, (3x + 5) = 2(x + 10) y x 10
⇒ (3x + 5) = 2(x + 10) x y 1
⇒ x = 15  
Hence 3x = 3(15) = 45 xy 10
Thus the age of the man(father) is 45 years. 5 1
16. Let the speed of boat is x km/h in still water  
And stream y km/h xy 10
According to question,
⇒ xy = 50 ..(2)
30 44
  10
x y x y Putting the value of x from equation (i) in equation (ii),
And we get
40 55
  13 (y+5) y =50
x y x y
1 1 ⇒y2+5y-50 = 0
Let  u and v
x y x y ⇒y2 + 10y-5y -50 = 0
30u 44v 10 ............... (i)
⇒y (y+10)–5 (y+10) = 0
40u 55v 13 .............. (ii)
⇒(y-5) (y + 10) = 0
On solving equation (i) and (ii) we get,
⇒y = 5 or -10
1
u  x y 5 .........  iii 
5 As y is a natural number, therefore y = 5
1
v   x  y  11 ...........  iv  Other natural number = y + 5 = 5 + 5 = 10
11
On solving equation (iii) and (iv) we get, Thus, the two natural numbers are 5 and 10.
x = 8km/h
a1 3 1 b1 2 1
y = 3km/h 19. Here,   ,  
17. Since it is a rectangle a2 6 2 b2 4 2
 PAIR OF LINEAR EQUATIONS IN TWO VARIABLES 6

1 1 a1 b1 There exits infinite solutions

Here,    (unique solution)
2 2 a2 b2 a1 1 b1 2 c1 8
20. 2x + 3y = 7 Here  ,  , 
a2 2 b2 4 c2 16
( k – 1)x + (k +2)y = 3k
For this pair of linear equations to have infinitely many
a1 b1 c1 1
solution, they need to be concident    
2 3 7 a2 b2 c2 2
   upon solving we get
k  1 k  2 3k ∴ lines are coincident and will have infinite solutions.
K=7
24.
21. lets say numerators = x
ax by
Denominator = y   ab ............... 1
Given x + y = 2y – 3 b a
⇒ x – y + 3 = 0 ………………(1)
ax  by  2ab .................  2 
x 1 1

y 1 2 1
2x – y -1 = 0 ……………….(2) Multiply (2) with and subtract (1) from (2)
Solving (1) and (2)
b
X=4 y = -a
Y=7
4 Substituting y = -a in (1)
∴ fraction =
7 a b
22. x   a   a  b
b a
a
… (1) xa
b
…(2)
xb
Multiplying 4 to (1) and 3 to (2) ∴ x = b and y = -a
16
 12 y  32 25. x + 3y = 6
x 2x – 3y = 12
18
 12 y  15 Graph of x + 3y = 6:
x
34 When x = 0, we have y = 2 and when y = 0, we have x =
 17 6.
x
x=2 Therefore, two points on the line are (0,2) and (6, 0).
Substitute
x in (1) The line x + 3y = 6 is represented in the given graph.
2 + 3y = 8
3y = 6 Graph of 2x – 3y = 12:
y=2
∴x=2 When x = 0, we have y = -4 and when y = 0, we have x =
y=2 6.
23. x + 2y – 8 = 0
Hence, the two points on the line are (0, -4) and (6, 0)
2x + 4y – 16 = 0
For any pair linear equations The line 2x - 3y = 12 is shown in the graph.
a1 x  b1 y  c1  0
a2 x  b2 y  c2  0
a b c
If 1  1  1 , then
a2 b2 c2
PAIR OF LINEAR EQUATIONS IN TWO VARIABLES 7

The line x + 3y = 6 intersects y-axis at (0,2) and the line

2x – 3y = 12 intersects y-axis at (0, -4)