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ENGLISH

GRADE 8 3RD QUARTER REVISED NOTES BY MIGUMI LUZARAN

USING APPROPRIATE GRAMMATICAL SYNTHESIZING IMPORTANT INFORMATION


SIGNALS FROM VARIOUS SOURCES

★ Grammatical Signals
★ Printed
- are words or expressions that indicate
- textbooks, modules, newspapers,
the relationship between ideas forming
magazines, posters
patterns of idea development.
★ Digital
- YouTube videos, internet articles,
GRAMMATICAL SIGNALS ACCORDING TO
websites, social media posts/pages,
PATTERN DEVELOPMENT
infographics, online news

★ General to Particular
- starts with a broad idea and explains
this by giving specific examples to DEVELOPING PARAGRAPHS THAT
illustrate the main idea. ILLUSTRATE TEXT TYPE

★ Claim and Counterclaim


- The claim is the main argument of the A paragraph is composed of two or more
text while the opposing viewpoint is the sentences focusing on a single topic or main idea.
counterclaim.
A well-written paragraph has:
★ Cause and Effect
- The cause explains the reasons why ★ Topic Sentence
something happened. The effects show - this is usually found at the beginning of
the results or consequences. the paragraph where the main idea is
presented.
★ Problem and Solution
- Presents and describes a problem, then, ★ Supporting Sentences
a solution is suggested through an - these are strong and vivid details that
analysis of the causes. support the topic sentence.

★ Conclusion
- this is the final point where the writer
sums up the ideas presented in the
paragraph.

★ Transition Words
- these are logical connectors

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ENGLISH
GRADE 8 3RD QUARTER REVISED NOTES BY MIGUMI LUZARAN

DIFFERENT TEXT TYPES ★ Secondary Sources


1. Narrative - writer tells a story - It involves analysis, synthesis,
2. Expository - explains a topic with facts interpretation, or evaluation of primary
3. Explanatory - explains a process sources
4. Factual Recount - true event retold by
someone
5. Personal Recount - special moment
experienced by the writer
6. Persuasive - writer convinces readers

USING PRIMARY AND SECONDARY


SOURCES

★ Primary Sources
- It provides an authentic, first-hand
recount of an event or period and is
authoritative
- e.g

COMPOSING EFFECTIVE PARAGRAPHS

A paragraph is effective if it has the following


characteristics:

1. Unity
- The paragraph focuses on a single topic
only.

2. Development
- There is a clear pattern of presenting
ideas in the paragraph.

3. Coherence
- The paragraph is clear and easy to
understand by the readers.
- e.g.

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ENGLISH
GRADE 8 3RD QUARTER REVISED NOTES BY MIGUMI LUZARAN

4. Memorized Speech
- consists of reciting a scripted speech
STANDING OUT BY SPEAKING UP from memory to allow the speaker to be
free of notes

1. Extemporaneous Speech
- consists of delivering a speech in a
conversational fashion using notes

2. Impromptu Speech
- involves the delivery of a message on
the spur of the moment, as when
someone is asked to say a few words.

3. Manuscript Speech
- consists of reading a fully scripted
speech

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