RWS Free Writing - continuously writes for a certain period of

time, setting aside first the conventions of grammar,

Text - a group of ideas put together to make a point or
punctuation, and spelling.
one central idea.
STEPS IN FREE WRITING
According to Scott Thornbury, text in general are:
1. With a pen and paper or a computer, think of a
- self-contained - cohesive
topic to write about.
- coherent - well-formed 2. Set a certain amount of time and write down
any ideas that come to mind.
Discourse 3. While pre-writing, avoid reviewing or correcting
- An in-depth discussion. what you are still composing.
- a set of utterances which constitutes any 4. When you’re done writing, sit down and re-read
recognizable speech. your work slowly.

PURPOSE OF DISCOURSE Brainstorming - the writer collaborates with others.

Inform, Persuade, Entertain BASIC TECHNIQUES :

TYPES OF DISCOURSE a. Nominal Group Technique - participants provide

Argumentation - act of making and presenting
arguments.
Description - main impression of the author about the
topic; transmit that impression through vivid language.
Exposition - defines what something is and provides an
in-depth discussion.
Naration
- It recalls events chronologically.
- This discourse is told in varied point of view.
- General purpose is to relate a series of events.
Literary Discourse - generally focused on creative works;
includes texts that are used strictly for business
communication.
TYPES :
Poetic - commonly found in creative works like poems,
novels, short stories, and plays.
their ideas anonymously. Then, facilitator let
the group individually list their ideas and collect
it in the end.
b. Group Passing Technique – participants write
down an idea and passed it to the other
member of the group.
c. Electronic Brainstorming -uses an electronic
medium.
TECHNIQUES IN ORGANIZING INFORMATION
Graphic Organizers - helps students organize
information through the use of visual representations,
icons, or symbols.
1. Mind Map – represent knowledge of a concept.
2. Venn Diagram – show similarities and
differences.
3. Flow Chart - show the different steps in a
process.
4. Hierarchical Topical Organizer - show order of
ideas and their place.

Expressive - commonly found in academic journals, OTHERS :

letters, diaries, and blogs.
1. Time Line
Transactional - commonly found in instructional 2. Spider Map
materials, advertisements, and editorial articles. 3. Four-Column Chart
4. Describing/Idea Wheel
Academic Discourse - expository or argumentative in
5. KWL Chart
nature. Sometimes, it presents an individual’s insights
6. 5Ws
regarding a concept or method in a scholarly way.
7. Sandwich Chart