ECTOPIC PREGNANCY

RISK FACTORS

MODIFABLE
NON MODIFIABLE
o Salpingitis
o Intrauterine device
o Peritubal adhesions
o Hormone therapy
o Previous ectopic pregnancy
o Previous tubal surgery (scar o Advanced maternal age (<35)
formation)
o Multiple previous abortion
o Tumors that distort the tubes
o External migration of the ovum

DISEASE PROCESS

the fertilized egg encounters

Previous infection
The buildup up of The sperm meets the egg in obstacles or abnormalities that
Congenital
blastocyst outside of the the fallopian tube, resulting prevent it from reaching the
malformation
uterine lining in fertilization. uterus
scars from tubal surgery

Egg will be stuck on fallopian

tube and it unable to grow
location because of ill-equipped
to support a growing embryo,
leading to potential
complications
 SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS

Delay in menstruation
from 1 to 2 weeks

Vaginal spotting or Slight dizziness

Amenorrhea bleeding

Lower Pelvic
(abdominal pain)

Severe pain in the lower

quadrant of the abdomen

Tubal distention

agonizing pain, dizziness,

The blood escaping Hemorrhage
faintness, and nausea
from the tube
and vomiting

rapid and thready pulse

Cullen’s sign

Severe tenderness
Decrease blood pressure

Subnormal temperature Shocks

Restlessness

Pallor

Sweating
 DIAGNOSTIC EXAM

Serum
Transvaginal Human chronic Positive progesterone Saparoscopy
ultrasound gonodropin (HCG) (double every
(sonography) 2-3 days)

25 ng/ml
normal
Decrease ( don’t 5 ng/ml abnormal
No gestational sac double ) detect an unruptured
developing pregnancy
tubal pregnancy

highly has ectopic

pregnancy

TREATMENT AND
MANAGEMENT

Not yet ruptured Methotrexate

Ruptured

leucovorin Mifepristone
Salpingectomy Salpingostomy

Assessment
for sonogram
(tube patient)