Problems During Pregnancy

Women
& pregnancy
Changes of Pregnancy
Prenatal Visit Schedule
Signs & Symptoms

of Pregnancy
Diagnostic Test
Danger Signs
of Pregnancy
Complications
of Pregnancy complications
Diseases
of Pregnancy
carmiPORTAJADAejercito RM RN
Rowesa Nilo MAN
Women
& pregnancy
Signs & Symptoms

of Pregnancy
ABNORMAL OBSTETRICS
Diagnostic Test
carmiPORTAJADAejercito
Danger Signs
of Pregnancy
Complications
of Pregnancy
Maternal
Diseases
and Child Nursing
-------------------
of Pregnancy
Rowesa Nilo MAN
Women
& pregnancy
Signs & Symptoms

of Pregnancy
Diagnostic Test
Danger Signs
of Pregnancy
Complications
of Pregnancy
Diseases
of Pregnancy
Rowesa Nilo MAN
Women Bleeding Disorders
& pregnancy
Therapeutic abortion
Prenatal Visit Schedule Spontaneous abortion

Signs & Symptoms
of Pregnancy
Hyperemesis gravidarum
Diagnostic Test
Danger Signs
of Pregnancy
Ectopic Pregnancy
Complications
of Pregnancy
Diseases
of Pregnancy
Incompetent Cervix
Hydatidiform mole
Rowesa Nilo
next
Women
& pregnancy
pregnancy that ends

before 20 weeks’
gestation
(spontaneous or elective)
Signs & Symptoms
of Pregnancy
Diagnostic Test
Spontaneous
Danger Signs
of Pregnancy
Induced ASSESSMENT
Complications
of Pregnancy Threatened
Diseases
of Pregnancy
Incomplete - spontaneous vaginal bleeding occurs
Complete - passage of clots or tissue through
Missed vagina
Habitual - lower uterine cramping / contractions
Rowesa Nilo MAN
Women
& pregnancy
Signs & Symptoms

of Pregnancy
Diagnostic Test
Danger Signs
of Pregnancy
Complications
of Pregnancy
Diseases
of Pregnancy
VAGINAL
BLEEDING
Rowesa Nilo
Women
& pregnancy
the loss of a fetus Spontaneous

during pregnancy
ASSESSMENT Induced
due to natural Threatened
causes. The term
-Currently pregnant Incomplete
“ " is Complete
the spontaneous -Vaginal bleeding
Missed
Prenatal Visit Schedule termination of a -With or without abdominal
Habitual
Signs & Symptoms
pregnancy before cramps
of Pregnancy
fetal development -Between periods TEST
Diagnostic Test has reached
-Low back pain or
Danger Signs Pelvic examination
of Pregnancy
abdominal pain may reveal moderate
Complications
thinning of the cervix
of Pregnancy -Dull or sharp or cramping
Diseases
(effacement),
of Pregnancy -Persistent/constant or increased cervical
intermittent dilatation, and
evidence of
-Tissue or clot-like material
. ruptured
that passes from the vagina membranes.
VAGINAL BLEEDING
Rowesa Nilo MAN
Women
& pregnancy
DEFINITION Spontaneous
Elective or therapeutic
Induced
abortion is the fetus Threatened
deliberate termination
of a pregnancy. Incomplete
Complete
SYMPTOMS
Prenatal Visit Schedule Missed
Early pregnancy symptoms curettage Habitual
Signs & Symptoms
of Pregnancy
include:
Diagnostic Test
•breast tenderness
Danger Signs
of Pregnancy •breast enlargement
Complications
of Pregnancy •discoloration of breast
Diseases areola
of Pregnancy
•nausea
•light-headedness or
dizziness
•missed periods
Rowesa Nilo MAN
Women
& pregnancy
Symptoms Definition
Early pregnancy symptoms
Elective or therapeutic abortion is the deliberate
Signs and tests termination of a pregnancy.
A pelvic examination
Changes of Pregnancy is performed to confirm
pregnancy and estimate the
Prenatal Visit Schedule weeks of gestation.
Signs & Symptoms A serum HCG (blood

of Pregnancy
test) may be performed to
Diagnostic Test
confirm pregnancy.
Danger Signs An ultrasound (vaginal or

of Pregnancy abdominal) may be used to
Complications determine gestational age
of Pregnancy and location.
Diseases
of Pregnancy
Rowesa Nilo MAN
Women
& pregnancy THREATENED INCOMPLETE COMPLETE
ABORTION ABORTION ABORTION
loss of some
developing
Changes of Pregnancy products of loss of all products
spontaneous conception and of conception
abortion retention of others
Signs & Symptoms
of Pregnancy
Diagnostic Test MISSED HABITUAL

Danger Signs ABORTION Spontaneous
ABORTION
of Pregnancy
Induced
Complications
of Pregnancy Threatened
Diseases Incomplete
of Pregnancy
Complete
Missed
Habitual
retention of products three or more
of conception in utero successive abortions
Rowesa Nilo
after fetal death
fin
Women
& pregnancy
– all tissue passed
Prenatal Visit Schedule (histopathology examination).
Signs & Symptoms
– increased
of Pregnancy
PO or IV as ordered.
Diagnostic Test
Danger Signs
of Pregnancy
– prepare client for surgical intervention (D&C or
Complications
of Pregnancy suction evacuation) if needed
Diseases
of Pregnancy
– provide discharge teaching about limited

activities and coitus after bleeding ceases.
– administer if mother is Rh negative.

Rowesa Nilo MAN
Women INCOMPETENT CERVICAL OS
& pregnancy
premature dilatation of cervix
Definition
A cervix (the structure at the bottom of
the uterus) that is incompetent is
abnormally weak, and therefore it can
gradually widen during
pregnancy.
Signs & Symptoms
of Pregnancy
Diagnostic Test
Danger Signs
can result
If left untreated, this
of Pregnancy
Complications
in repeated pregnancy
of Pregnancy
losses or premature
Diseases
of Pregnancy
delivery.
Rowesa Nilo
& pregnancy
Signs & Symptoms

of Pregnancy
Diagnostic Test
Danger Signs
of Pregnancy
Complications
Symptoms
of Pregnancy
Diseases
of Pregnancy
Some factors that can contribute to the chance of a woman having
an incompetent cervix include trauma to the cervix,
physical abnormality of the cervix, or having been
exposed to the drug diethylstilbestrol (DES) in the
mother's womb.
Rowesa Nilo Some women have cervical incompetence for no obvious reason.
& pregnancy premature dilatation of cervix
painless condition in ASSESSMENT
which the cervix dilates ▪ Vaginal bleeding
without uterine
contractions and allow ▪ Fetal membranes
passage of the fetus visible through the
usually the result of cervix
prior cervical
trauma
Prenatal Visit Schedule • premature dilation of
Signs & Symptoms
the cervix
of Pregnancy
•most common in 4th
Diagnostic Test to 5th month of
Danger Signs
pregnancy
of Pregnancy
Complications
of Pregnancy
Diseases
of Pregnancy
Rowesa Nilo MAN
& pregnancy
Signs & Symptoms

of Pregnancy
Diagnostic Test
Danger Signs
of Pregnancy
Complications
of Pregnancy
Diseases
of Pregnancy
Rowesa Nilo
Women
& pregnancy
•Provide bed rest, hydration and tocolytics to

inhibit uterine contractions
•Cervical cerclage (10-14 weeks of
gestation)-a band of fascia or non
Signs & Symptoms absorbable ribbon is placed around
of Pregnancy
Diagnostic Test
the cervix beneath the mucosa to
Danger Signs constrict the internal os
of Pregnancy
Complications
of Pregnancy •Cerclage removal: 37 wks’ gestation or left in place if
Diseases
of Pregnancy cesarean section
•If removed, must be repeated at every pregnancy
•Report for increased uterine contractions or vaginal
bleeding after the procedure
Rowesa Nilo MAN
Women
& pregnancy
ECTOPIC PREGNANCY
pregnancy that occurs in an other than uterine sites, with
implantation usually occurring in fallopian tubes
Signs & Symptoms any that diminishes the tubal

of Pregnancy
lumen may predispose a woman
Diagnostic Test
to ectopic pregnancy.
Danger Signs
of Pregnancy
Complications
of Pregnancy
Diseases
of Pregnancy
Rowesa Nilo MAN
Women
& pregnancy
ECTOPIC PREGNANCY
Signs & Symptoms

of Pregnancy
Diagnostic Test
Danger Signs
of Pregnancy
Complications
of Pregnancy
Diseases
of Pregnancy
Definition
An ectopic pregnancy is a pregnancy which
occurs outside the uterus.
Often called a "tubal pregnancy,"
most ectopic pregnancies occur in the
Rowesa Nilo
fallopian tubes.
Women
& pregnancy
▪ Missed period
▪ Irregular vaginal bleeding , often after
a skipped period
▪ Vaginal spotting to bleed that is dark FETUS
red or brown
▪ Sharp pain in the abdomen or pelvis
which may be intermittent or constant
▪ Abdominal tenderness fallopian tube
Signs & Symptoms
of Pregnancy ▪ Dizziness or fainting
most frequent in the
Diagnostic Test ▪ If ruptured: increase pain,
fallopian tubes , rupture of
Danger Signs
of Pregnancy
referred shoulder pain
the site usually occurs
Complications ▪ Signs of shock
of Pregnancy before 12 weeks.
Diseases
of Pregnancy
Implantation in fallopian tube

Tubal Obstruction
carmiPORTAJADAejercito RM RN Tubal rupture
Rowesa Nilo MAN
Women
& pregnancy
•Monitor and initiate measures to prevent

rupture and shock
•METHOTREXATE- (Folic acid antagonist)- to
inhibit the cell division in developing embryo
Signs & Symptoms •Prepare for laparotomy and removal of pregnancy

of Pregnancy
Diagnostic Test and tube, or repair of tube

Danger Signs
of Pregnancy •Administration of RhoGAM
Complications
of Pregnancy
Diseases
of Pregnancy
Cul-de-sac abscess
carmiPORTAJADAejercito RM RN Culdoscope in place
Rowesa Nilo MAN
Women
& pregnancy HYDATIDIFORM MOLE
gestational trophoblastic disease
Definition
A hydatidiform mole is a rare mass or growth that may
form inside the uterus at the beginning of a pregnancy.
Changes of Pregnancy Alternative names

Prenatal Visit Schedule o H. mole
o Molar pregnancy
Signs & Symptoms
of Pregnancy
o Choriocarcinoma
Diagnostic Test
Danger Signs
of Pregnancy
Complications
of Pregnancy
Diseases
of Pregnancy
Rowesa Nilo
Women
& pregnancy HYDATIDIFORM MOLE
gestational trophoblastic disease
• development of anomaly
of the placenta
• chorionic villi changes into
a mass of vesicles
• appears
cluster
• may develop to non
Signs & Symptoms
of Pregnancy malignant or
Diagnostic Test choriocarcinoma
Danger Signs
of Pregnancy
•Proliferation of : embryo dies. Unusual
Complications
of Pregnancy chromosomal patterns seen (either no genetic material in ovum or 69
Diseases
of Pregnancy
chromosomes).
•The chorionic villi change into a mass of clear, fluid-filled grape like
vessels
•More common in
•Cause essentially unknown
Rowesa Nilo MAN
Women
& pregnancy
▪ fetal heart tone
▪ vaginal bleeding occurs at 12th week; from dark red to

brown color- slight profuse or imminent
▪ Vaginal bleeding in pregnancy during the first trimester
▪ PIH symptoms before 20 weeks’ gestation
Signs & Symptoms
of Pregnancy
Diagnostic Test
▪ fundal height
Danger Signs
of Pregnancy ▪ An abnormal growth in the size of the uterus, for the stage of the
Complications
pregnancy
of Pregnancy
▪ Excessive growth in approximately 1/2 of cases
Diseases
of Pregnancy ▪ Smaller than expected growth in approximately 1/3 of cases
▪ HCG
▪ Nausea and vomiting, severe enough to require
hospitalization in 10% of cases
▪ ultrasound:
Rowesa Nilo MAN
Women
& pregnancy
• prepare for
*before evacuation
- diagnostic test are done to detect metastatic disease
• evacuation done by
Signs & Symptoms

of Pregnancy
Diagnostic Test
• confirmation of tissue
Danger Signs
of Pregnancy
• hemorrhage post-procedure
Complications
of Pregnancy
Diseases
of Pregnancy
HCG monitoring:
✓ Every 1-2 weeks until pre-normal pregnancy levels are attained
✓ Then, every 1-2 months for a year
✓ Birth control measures for a year
Rowesa Nilo MAN
Women
& pregnancy PLACENTA PREVIA
Assessment Findings
❖Painless bright red vaginal bleeding after
seventh month of pregnancy
❖Uterus remains soft
Changes of Pregnancy ❖FHR usually stable unless maternal shock
present
Signs & Symptoms
of Pregnancy
❖No vaginal exam by nurse, may result in
Diagnostic Test
severe bleed, if done by physician, double set-up
Danger Signs
used
of Pregnancy
Complications
❖Diagnosis by sonography
of Pregnancy
Diseases
of Pregnancy
Rowesa Nilo MAN
Women
& pregnancy
➢Ensure complete bed rest.
➢Maintain for any invasive

Changes of Pregnancy procedures (including vaginal examination)
Signs & Symptoms

of Pregnancy
➢Make provisions for emergency cesarean birth
Diagnostic Test ( )
Danger Signs
of Pregnancy
Complications
of Pregnancy
➢Continue to monitor maternal/fetal vital signs
Diseases
of Pregnancy
➢ blood loss carefully
➢Assess uterine tone regularly
Rowesa Nilo MAN
Women
& pregnancy ABRUPTIO PLACENTA
• Separation of placenta from part or all of
normal implantation site accompanied by pain
• Usually occurs after 20th week of pregnancy
•Seen frequently in women with hypertension, previous
abruptio placentae, late pregnancies, multigravidas, but

cause essentially unknown
Signs & Symptoms
of Pregnancy
Diagnostic Test
Danger Signs
of Pregnancy
Complications
of Pregnancy
Diseases
of Pregnancy
Rowesa Nilo MAN
Women
& pregnancy ABRUPTIO PLACENTA
Definition
separation of the
placenta (the organ that
nourishes the fetus) from the
site of uterine implantation
before delivery of the
Changes of Pregnancy fetus.
Prenatal Visit Schedule Symptoms
Signs & Symptoms
Small separation of the placenta:
of Pregnancy – Vaginal bleeding.
Diagnostic Test
– Mild pain or discomfort.
Unborn child
Danger Signs
of Pregnancy remains healthy.
Complications
of Pregnancy Large separation of the placenta:
Diseases
– Heavy vaginal bleeding.
of Pregnancy – Severe pain in the lower
abdomen or back.
– Hard, tender abdomen.
– Shock (rapid heartbeat, rapid
breathing and dizziness).
– Fetal distress;
heartbeat of the unborn child
may be inaudible.
Rowesa Nilo – Coagulopathy
Women
& pregnancy
– ensure
– check maternal/fetal vital signs frequently
Signs & Symptoms – prepare for of

of Pregnancy
fluids/blood as indicated
Diagnostic Test
Danger Signs
of Pregnancy
– monitor urinary output
Complications
of Pregnancy
Diseases
of Pregnancy
– anticipate coagulation problem (DIC)
– provide to parents as outlook

for fetus is poor
Rowesa Nilo MAN
Women
& pregnancy
Signs & Symptoms

of Pregnancy
Diagnostic Test
Danger Signs
of Pregnancy
Complications
of Pregnancy
Diseases
of Pregnancy
Rowesa Nilo
Women
& pregnancy HYPEREMESIS GRAVIDARUM
Definition
• The presence of
extreme,
persistent nausea and
vomiting during pregnancy that
may lead to dehydration.
Prenatal Visit Schedule Symptoms of pregnancy

Signs & Symptoms
of Pregnancy
• Severe nausea
• Persistent excessive vomiting
Diagnostic Test
(often leading to weight loss)
Danger Signs
of Pregnancy • Lightheadedness or fainting
Complications
of Pregnancy
Diseases Signs and tests

of Pregnancy
• Signs of dehydration may

occur, including:
• Ketones in urine
• Increased hematocrit
• Increased pulse rate
Rowesa Nilo • Decreased blood pressure
Women
& pregnancy HYPEREMESIS GRAVIDARUM
• excess
• leading to dehydration & electrolyte disturbances
Signs & Symptoms

–Alkalosis
of Pregnancy
Diagnostic Test
Causes:
Danger Signs
of Pregnancy
HCG levels increased. HCG levels
Complications
peak around 6 weeks , plateau,
of Pregnancy
then begin to decline after the
Diseases
of Pregnancy 12th week.
Rowesa Nilo MAN
Women
& pregnancy
▪ begin NPO and IV fluid and

electrolyte replacement.
Prenatal Visit Schedule ▪ gradually re-introduce PO intake

Signs & Symptoms
of Pregnancy
▪ monitor TPN and central line

Diagnostic Test
Danger Signs
of Pregnancy
Complications
of Pregnancy
placement if unable to eat
Diseases
of Pregnancy
▪ provide mouth care
▪ offer emotional support

Rowesa Nilo MAN
Women
& pregnancy
Definition Symptoms
• Rh positive infant delivered of an Rh
Rh incompatibility is negative mother
Changes of Pregnancy a condition which • slowly or rapidly increasing jaundice
develops when • prolonged jaundice
there is a
Signs & Symptoms • hypotonia
of Pregnancy
Diagnostic Test
difference in • motormental retardation
Danger Signs
of Pregnancy
Rh blood • polyhydramnios
Complications
of Pregnancy
type between
Diseases
that of the pregnant Signs and tests
mother (Rh
of Pregnancy
• positive direct Coombs

negative) and that
• evidence of hemolysis in the infant's
of thefetus (Rh blood
positive). • elevated cord blood bilirubin
Rowesa Nilo MAN
Women
& pregnancy
Signs & Symptoms

of Pregnancy
Diagnostic Test
Danger Signs
of Pregnancy
Complications
of Pregnancy
Diseases
of Pregnancy
Rowesa Nilo MAN
Women
& pregnancy
Signs & Symptoms

of Pregnancy
Diagnostic Test
Danger Signs
of Pregnancy
Complications
of Pregnancy
Diseases
of Pregnancy
Rowesa Nilo
Women
& pregnancy
Rh Sensitization
• The surface of red blood cells contains markers that
the immune system can recognize. One of these
markers is the Rh factor (Rh antigen). A
person whose blood contains the Rh factor is Rh-positive. A
Prenatal Visit Schedule person whose blood does not contain the Rh factor is Rh-
Signs & Symptoms
negative.
A problem may occur when an Rh-negative
of Pregnancy
•
Diagnostic Test
Danger Signs
woman becomes pregnant with an Rh-
of Pregnancy
positive fetus. This can happen only when the father
Complications
of Pregnancy is Rh-positive.
Diseases
of Pregnancy • The pregnant woman's immune system
may produce substances (antibodies) that can
destroy the fetus's blood. This process is called Rh
sensitization.
Rowesa Nilo MAN
Women
& pregnancy
Rh Sensitization
• Sensitization occurs
only if the fetus's blood
mixes with the pregnant woman's.
Normally this does not occur, because the
woman's and fetus's blood are kept separate
during pregnancy.
However, blood mixing sometimes occurs
Signs & Symptoms
of Pregnancy •
Diagnostic Test during labor or delivery, miscarriage, abortion, or injury
(especially to the woman's abdomen).
Danger Signs
Rh sensitization is no danger to the pregnant

of Pregnancy
Complications
•
of Pregnancy
Diseases
woman and usually no harm to the first Rh-
of Pregnancy
positive fetus.
Rowesa Nilo MAN
Women
& pregnancy
Rh Sensitization
• However, future Rh-positive fetuses are
in danger of having their red blood
cells destroyed before birth by the
pregnant woman's immune system.
Signs & Symptoms • This danger can usually be prevented by
of Pregnancy
Diagnostic Test
giving the woman an RH immunoglobulin
Danger Signs
injection (such as RhoGam).
of Pregnancy
Complications
of Pregnancy
Diseases
of Pregnancy
Rowesa Nilo MAN
Women
& pregnancy Pregnancy Induced Hypertension
▪ vasospastic hypertension proteinuria and edema
▪ : Gradual loss of normal pregnancy-related
resistance to angiotensin II
▪ decreased production of some vasodilating prostaglandins
▪ of pregnancy.
▪primigravidas, multiple pregnancies, H. mole, poor nutrition, essential
Prenatal Visit Schedule hypertension; familial tendency.
Signs & Symptoms
of Pregnancy
▪Classic triad of symptoms includes edema/weight gain, hypertension and
Diagnostic Test
proteinuria. Eclampsia includes convulsion and coma
Danger Signs ▪Possible life threatening complications.
of Pregnancy
Complications (Hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, lowered platelets).

of Pregnancy
Diseases ▪Only known cure is

of Pregnancy
EDEMA
Rowesa Nilo MAN
Women
& pregnancy Pregnancy Induced Hypertension
Pre-eclampsia

Eclampsia
Signs & Symptoms
of Pregnancy
Diagnostic Test
Danger Signs
of Pregnancy
Complications
of Pregnancy
Diseases
of Pregnancy
Rowesa Nilo MAN
Women
& pregnancy Pre-Eclampsia
• Pre-eclampsia is an illness which occurs only
during pregnancy or immediately after
delivery and can affect you and your baby. It is called
pre-eclampsia because in rare cases woman can go
on to develop fits, known in pregnancy as eclampsia.
It used to be called toxaemia, and your mother
and other older relatives may have known it as this. It
Prenatal Visit Schedule is quite
common, affecting about one in
Signs & Symptoms
of Pregnancy
every 10 pregnancies. The most at risk
are the first-time mother or pregnant for the first time
Diagnostic Test by a new partner.
Danger Signs
of Pregnancy Symptoms:
Complications
of Pregnancy
• Bad headache
Diseases • Problems with vision - such as blurring or flashing
of Pregnancy
lights before the eyes
• Bad pain just bellow the ribs
• Vomiting
• Sudden swelling of your face, hands or feet.
Rowesa Nilo MAN back
Women
& pregnancy Eclampsia
• Eclampsia is a Greek word meaning 'bolt
from the blue'. It describes one or more
convulsions, or seizures, occurring
during or immediately after pregnancy as a
complication of pre-eclampsia.
• Very few cases of pre-eclampsia culminate in
Signs & Symptoms
of Pregnancy
eclampsia.
Diagnostic Test
Symptoms
Danger Signs
of Pregnancy
Complications
• seizures
of Pregnancy
• agitation (severe)
•
Diseases
of Pregnancy unconsciousness for a variable period of time
• possible musculoskeletal aches and pains after an
event caused by trauma
Rowesa Nilo MAN
Women
& pregnancy pregnancy induced hypertension
MILD PRE ECLAMPSIA
•bed rest as long as signs

1.Appearance of symptoms of edema or proteinuria
between week are minimal, preferably
pregnancy side-lying.
2.Blood pressure of or
Signs & Symptoms •well-balanced diet with
of Pregnancy
mmHg on two adequate protein
Diagnostic Test consecutive occasions at least 6 roughage, no Na+
Danger Signs
of Pregnancy
hours apart restriction
Complications 3. weight gain
of Pregnancy
•follow-up, weekly or
Diseases 4.Slight generalized edema
of Pregnancy twice-weekly
5.Proteinuria of mg/liter in a
24-hour urine specimen (> +1)
Rowesa Nilo MAN
Women
& pregnancy
pregnancy induced hypertension
SEVERE PRE ECLAMPSIA
•Promote complete bed rest, side-

• headaches
lying.
• epigastric pain
•Carefully monitor maternal/fetal
• nausea and vomiting vital signs
• visual disturbances •Monitor I&O, results of laboratory
• irritability tests
•Take daily weights
• blood pressure of 150-
Signs & Symptoms
of Pregnancy
•Institute seizure precautions
Diagnostic Test 160/100-110 mmHg
•Instruct client about appropriate
Danger Signs
of Pregnancy
• increased edema diet
Complications and weight gain •Continue to monitor 24-48 hours
of Pregnancy
post delivery
Diseases • proteinuria (5g/24hours)(4+)
of Pregnancy •Administer medications as
Management: Magnesium Sulfate ordered; Peripheral vasodilator of
myoneural junction,
maternal vasodilatation,
choice usually Hydralazine
diminishing neuromuscular (Apresoline)
transmission. Antidote :calcium gluconate or
anticonvulsant effect calcium chloride
Rowesa Nilo MAN
Women
& pregnancy
ECLAMPSIA
• Increased hpn precedes •Minimize all stimuli

convulsion followed by •Check vital signs and lab
collapse &hypotension values
•Have airway, oxygen and
Signs & Symptoms • may ensue

of Pregnancy suction equipment available
Diagnostic Test •Administer medication as
• Labor may begin, putting
Danger Signs ordered
of Pregnancy fetus in great jeopardy
Complications
•Prepare for C-section
of Pregnancy
Diseases • may recur when seizures stabilized

of Pregnancy
•Continue observations 24-
48 hours postpartum
Rowesa Nilo MAN
Women
& pregnancy
ASSESSMENT of REFLEXES
BICEPS
▪ Position thumb over biceps

tendon while supporting the
client’s elbow with the palm of the
Signs & Symptoms

of Pregnancy hand
Diagnostic Test
▪ Strike a downward blow over
Danger Signs
of Pregnancy the thumb with percussion
Complications
of Pregnancy hammer
Diseases
of Pregnancy ▪ Normal response:

Rowesa Nilo MAN
Women
& pregnancy
PATELLAR
position the client with legs

dangling over the edge of
examining table or lying at the
Signs & Symptoms
of Pregnancy back with legs slightly flexed
Diagnostic Test
Danger Signs
of Pregnancy
Complications
of Pregnancy
Diseases
of Pregnancy

Rowesa Nilo MAN
Women
& pregnancy
reflex is
Changes of Pregnancy reflex is present but HYPOactive

Signs & Symptoms

of Pregnancy reflex is
Diagnostic Test
Danger Signs reflex is HYPERactive

of Pregnancy
Complications
of Pregnancy
Diseases
reflex is HYPERactive with CLONUS present
of Pregnancy

GRADING THE RESPONSE
Rowesa Nilo MAN
Women
& pregnancy
Signs & Symptoms

of Pregnancy
Diagnostic Test
Danger Signs
of Pregnancy
Complications
of Pregnancy
Diseases
of Pregnancy
next
Rowesa Nilo MAN

Problems During Pregnancy

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Problems During Pregnancy

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Women

Prenatal Visit Schedule

Signs & Symptoms

Prenatal Visit Schedule

Signs & Symptoms

Prenatal Visit Schedule

Signs & Symptoms

Prenatal Visit Schedule Spontaneous abortion

pregnancy that ends

Prenatal Visit Schedule

Signs & Symptoms

the loss of a fetus Spontaneous

Signs & Symptoms A serum HCG (blood

Danger Signs An ultrasound (vaginal or

Diagnostic Test MISSED HABITUAL

– provide discharge teaching about limited

– administer if mother is Rh negative.

Prenatal Visit Schedule

Signs & Symptoms

Prenatal Visit Schedule

Signs & Symptoms

•Provide bed rest, hydration and tocolytics to

Prenatal Visit Schedule

Signs & Symptoms any that diminishes the tubal

Prenatal Visit Schedule

Signs & Symptoms

Implantation in fallopian tube

•Monitor and initiate measures to prevent

Signs & Symptoms •Prepare for laparotomy and removal of pregnancy

Diagnostic Test and tube, or repair of tube

Changes of Pregnancy Alternative names

▪ fetal heart tone

▪ vaginal bleeding occurs at 12th week; from dark red to

Signs & Symptoms

➢Ensure complete bed rest.

➢Maintain for any invasive

Signs & Symptoms

➢ blood loss carefully

➢Assess uterine tone regularly

Prenatal Visit Schedule

Signs & Symptoms – prepare for of

– provide to parents as outlook

Prenatal Visit Schedule

Signs & Symptoms

Prenatal Visit Schedule Symptoms of pregnancy

Diseases Signs and tests

• Signs of dehydration may

Signs & Symptoms

▪ begin NPO and IV fluid and

Prenatal Visit Schedule ▪ gradually re-introduce PO intake

▪ monitor TPN and central line

▪ provide mouth care

▪ offer emotional support

• positive direct Coombs

Prenatal Visit Schedule

Signs & Symptoms

Prenatal Visit Schedule

Signs & Symptoms

Rh sensitization is no danger to the pregnant

Complications (Hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, lowered platelets).

Diseases ▪Only known cure is

Prenatal Visit Schedule

•bed rest as long as signs